736:(lit. "action only if complained"). There are currently five offenses in this category, all of which are minor offenses against individuals: insult, defamation, infringement of freedom of marriage (usually by parents), maltreat (of family members) and ordinary embezzlement. However, the Criminal Code does state that any such offense resulting in serious consequences (e.g. serious injury or death) is prosecutable without complaint.
199:
In contrast to
Offizialdelikte, major crimes which the prosecutors will investigate and bring charges with or without a victim's complaint; Antragsdelikte are minor criminal offences that will only be prosecuted under German law if the victim files a “Strafantrag” (“application” or “criminal
694:) was used in laws in China's early Republic era (1912–1928), for example in the 1921 Criminal Procedure Ordinance or the 1928 Criminal Procedure Law. However, in modern terminology, the concept of a crime for which there will be no trial without complaint is usually expressed as
578:, though it did not use the term directly, stated that the prosecution of a number of violent offenses between husband and wife depended on a complaint by the person in question. The phrase used to express this condition,
544:
German law also has a converse category of crimes which require prosecution in any case, no matter if there is a complainant or not. These offenses, or "ex officio crimes", are called "Offizialdelikte" in German
383:
In addition, the German
Criminal Code states that the following offences will be prosecuted on the request of the victim or in the case of "special public interest":
159:, though the prosecutor will inform the victim. In both cases, actual prosecution of the offense will only proceed with the consent of the victim. Another term is
37:), "no trial without a complaint", is a category of offense which cannot be prosecuted without a complaint by the victim. The same concept has been adopted in
1108:
1070:
1023:
999:
959:
937:
1041:
78:
283:
1123:
719:
740:
973:
625:
1118:
1015:
74:
779:, cannot be prosecuted on the initiative of the public prosecutor; the case must instead be raised by another citizen.
1133:
755:
where prosecutors were unable to charge the perpetrators involved because no victims came forward with a lawsuit.
361:
768:
24:
1113:
1128:
677:
176:
86:
1061:
Ota, Tatsuya (2007), "The development of victim support and victim rights", in Chan, Wing-Cheong (ed.),
752:
580:
1084:
167:
608:
directly in the definitions of various offenses. Under modern
Japanese law, before July 13, 2017,
715:
56:
945:
875:
1066:
1029:
1019:
995:
967:
837:
660:
295:
151:
committed in an emergency situation. The victim's consent is required for investigation of an
48:
1053:
878:[Amended Penal Code to be enforced on July 13, penalties tightened for sex crimes].
699:
687:
617:
188:
106:
609:
583:
507:
459:
432:
204:
184:
180:
124:
66:
387:
211:
96:
536:
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518:
485:
419:
413:
366:
300:
288:
225:
1102:
512:
500:
494:
476:
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452:
443:
437:
425:
404:
399:
392:
375:
353:
347:
335:
322:
309:
276:
264:
258:
252:
243:
237:
216:
744:
562:
38:
20:
962:(in Chinese). 行政執行署嘉義行政執行處. 2005-12-10. Archived from the original on 2013-10-29.
16:
Category of offense which cannot be prosecuted without a complaint by the victim
390:, if the victim is between 14 and 16 years old and the offender older than 21 (
880:
748:
654:
330:
232:
751:
from this category and penalties were increased, likely as a response to the
1079:
1033:
317:
207:) lists the following as offenses which will only be prosecuted on request:
776:
649:
471:
342:
271:
144:
143:. For example, in Austria the latter category includes such offenses as
629:
743:
removed indecent assault and rape (Article 239; with the exception of
727:
82:
772:
597:
200:
complaint” or “request to prosecute”) within a certain deadline.
148:
613:
360:
Acts committed under intoxication where the intoxication causes
640:
In South Korea, the following offenses are categorized as
223:
Violation of instructions during supervision of conduct (
747:) from this category, In 2003, another amendment removed
624:, lest a prosecution against the victim's will result in
604:. The draft criminal code of November 1877 used the term
155:
to begin; no such consent is required in the case of an
718:, inherited from the Republic of China, uses the term
139:
are similar to (but not identical) in definition to
901:
938:"從駭電腦到愛旅行─昔日網路小子陳盈豪 - 親子天下雜誌8期 - 陳盈豪,網路世界,宅男,網路沉迷"
492:Corruption and bribery in business transactions (
596:(to inform personally) contains two of the same
183:, though different from that synonymous term in
763:While no formal class of law equivalent to the
571:
1046:Toyama University Journal of Economic Studies
795:
793:
791:
561:first entered into Japanese law in the early
8:
823:
588:, is probably the origin of the modern term
483:Theft and embezzlement of low-value items (
411:Violation of privacy and personal secrets (
250:Violation of privacy and personal secrets (
175:is somewhat analogous to the concept of a
1065:, Taylor and Francis, pp. 113–148,
944:(in Chinese). 2013-06-07. Archived from
862:
850:
840:. Pro Business – via Google Books.
838:"Liechtensteinisches Markenschutzgesetz"
1042:"明治初期の告訴権・親告罪 : 刑事実体法における関連諸規定の概観"
787:
965:
775:, several religious crimes, including
912:
811:
7:
1063:Support for Victims of Crime in Asia
1040:Kurosawa, Mutsumi (November 2006),
960:"打擊駭客，不再無法可施 - 安全常識 - 法務部行政執行署嘉義分署"
924:
799:
1080:"친고죄 [親告罪, Antragsdelikt]"
853:, pp. 408–410: 「親ラ告ルヲ待テ。乃坐ス。」
307:Unlawfully offering an advantage (
135:(offense, from Latin "dēlictum").
14:
836:Wanger, Markus (July 3, 2010).
102:klachtmisdrijf/crime de plainte
1109:Criminal law legal terminology
990:Hausmaninger, Herbert (1998),
732:
723:
284:Taking without owner's consent
1:
739:A 1999 amendment to Taiwan's
540:, in conjunction with § 303c)
531:, in conjunction with § 303c)
525:Unlawful alteration of data (
1052:(2): 403–430, archived from
1016:National Chengchi University
994:, Kluwer Law International,
456:, in conjunction with § 230)
753:CIH computer virus incident
1150:
1011:民初法律變遷與裁判 : 1912-1928
1008:Huang, Yuan-sheng (2000),
675:
657:against a dead person, and
373:Breach of fiscal secrecy (
203:The German Criminal Code (
165:
85:) using various terms, in
992:The Austrian Legal System
972:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
884:(in Japanese). 2017-06-23
703:
691:
572:
565:. The 1870 criminal code
362:diminished responsibility
70:
52:
23:of some countries with a
902:Doosan Encyclopedia 2009
123:The term comes from the
716:Criminal Code of Taiwan
626:secondary victimization
516:, in conjunction with
876:"改正刑法施行は7月13日 性犯罪を厳罰化"
678:Legal history of China
498:, in conjunction with
441:, in conjunction with
423:, in conjunction with
351:, in conjunction with
262:, in conjunction with
241:, in conjunction with
1124:Japanese criminal law
329:Unlawful retaking of
79:early Republic period
620:were categorized as
177:compoundable offense
141:Ermächtigungsdelikte
1119:German criminal law
1085:Doosan Encyclopedia
696:gàosunǎilùn zhī zuì
628:or infringement of
534:Computer sabotage (
450:Negligent battery (
168:Private prosecution
1134:Law of South Korea
865:, pp. 420–421
161:Privatklagedelikte
157:Ermächtigunsdelikt
1072:978-0-415-43585-7
1025:978-88-8050-902-8
1001:978-90-411-1014-5
824:Hausmaninger 1998
667:Republic of China
661:Contempt of court
77:(both during the
1141:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1075:
1057:
1036:
1004:
978:
977:
971:
963:
956:
950:
949:
942:parenting.com.tw
934:
928:
922:
916:
910:
904:
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893:
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889:
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842:
841:
833:
827:
821:
815:
809:
803:
797:
734:
725:
705:
693:
618:indecent assault
594:mizukara tsugeru
577:
575:
574:
549:is the plural).
539:
530:
521:
515:
503:
497:
488:
479:
467:
455:
446:
440:
428:
422:
416:
407:
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378:
369:
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350:
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325:
312:
303:
291:
279:
267:
261:
255:
246:
240:
228:
219:
119:Basic definition
72:
57:South Korean law
54:
25:civil law system
1149:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1099:
1098:
1091:
1089:
1078:
1073:
1060:
1039:
1026:
1007:
1002:
989:
986:
981:
964:
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953:
936:
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931:
923:
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849:
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830:
822:
818:
810:
806:
798:
789:
785:
761:
712:
680:
674:
669:
638:
610:sexual offenses
569:
567:Shinritsu Kōryō
557:The concept of
555:
535:
526:
517:
511:
508:Property damage
499:
493:
484:
475:
463:
460:Child abduction
451:
442:
436:
424:
418:
412:
403:
391:
374:
365:
352:
346:
334:
321:
308:
299:
287:
275:
263:
257:
251:
242:
236:
224:
215:
205:Strafgesetzbuch
197:
189:Singaporean law
170:
131:(petition) and
125:German language
121:
109:under the name
99:under the name
89:under the name
59:under the name
41:under the name
17:
12:
11:
5:
1147:
1145:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1114:Law of Austria
1111:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1076:
1071:
1058:
1037:
1024:
1005:
1000:
985:
982:
980:
979:
951:
948:on 2013-06-07.
929:
917:
905:
894:
867:
855:
843:
828:
816:
804:
786:
784:
781:
767:exists in the
760:
757:
711:
708:
673:
670:
668:
665:
664:
663:
658:
652:
637:
634:
600:used to write
554:
551:
542:
541:
532:
523:
505:
490:
481:
469:
457:
448:
430:
409:
397:
388:Statutory rape
381:
380:
371:
358:
340:
327:
314:
305:
293:
281:
272:Domestic theft
269:
248:
230:
221:
212:Unlawful entry
196:
193:
137:Antragsdelikte
120:
117:
107:Indonesian law
81:and post-1949
35:Antragsdelikte
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1146:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1129:Law of Taiwan
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1056:on 2011-07-18
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1006:
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987:
983:
975:
969:
961:
955:
952:
947:
943:
939:
933:
930:
927:, p. 132
926:
921:
918:
915:, p. 313
914:
909:
906:
903:
898:
895:
883:
882:
877:
871:
868:
864:
863:Kurosawa 2006
859:
856:
852:
851:Kurosawa 2006
847:
844:
839:
832:
829:
826:, p. 172
825:
820:
817:
814:, p. 305
813:
808:
805:
802:, p. 131
801:
796:
794:
792:
788:
782:
780:
778:
774:
770:
766:
765:Antragsdelikt
758:
756:
754:
750:
746:
742:
741:Criminal Code
737:
735:
733:gàosù nǎi lùn
729:
721:
717:
709:
707:
701:
697:
689:
685:
679:
671:
666:
662:
659:
656:
653:
651:
647:
646:
645:
643:
635:
633:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
585:
582:
568:
564:
560:
552:
550:
548:
538:
533:
529:
524:
520:
514:
509:
506:
502:
496:
491:
487:
482:
478:
473:
470:
466:
461:
458:
454:
449:
445:
439:
434:
431:
427:
421:
415:
410:
406:
401:
400:Exhibitionism
398:
394:
389:
386:
385:
384:
377:
372:
368:
363:
359:
355:
349:
344:
341:
337:
332:
328:
324:
319:
316:Thwarting of
315:
311:
306:
302:
297:
294:
290:
285:
282:
278:
273:
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266:
260:
254:
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231:
227:
222:
218:
213:
210:
209:
208:
206:
201:
194:
192:
190:
186:
185:Malaysian law
182:
178:
174:
173:Antragsdelikt
169:
164:
162:
158:
154:
153:Antragsdelikt
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
118:
116:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
80:
76:
75:law of Taiwan
68:
64:
63:
58:
50:
46:
45:
40:
36:
32:
31:
30:Antragsdelikt
26:
22:
1090:, retrieved
1083:
1062:
1054:the original
1049:
1045:
1012:
1009:
991:
954:
946:the original
941:
932:
920:
908:
897:
886:. Retrieved
879:
870:
858:
846:
831:
819:
807:
764:
762:
745:spousal rape
738:
731:
713:
695:
683:
681:
641:
639:
621:
605:
601:
593:
589:
579:
566:
563:Meiji period
558:
556:
546:
543:
382:
296:Energy theft
202:
198:
172:
171:
160:
156:
152:
140:
136:
132:
128:
122:
111:
110:
101:
100:
92:klachtdelict
91:
90:
61:
60:
43:
42:
39:Japanese law
34:
29:
28:
21:criminal law
18:
672:Before 1949
636:South Korea
622:shinkokuzai
606:shinkokuzai
602:shinkokuzai
590:shinkokuzai
559:shinkokuzai
537:§ 303b
528:§ 303a
519:§ 303c
486:§ 248a
367:§ 323a
301:§ 248c
289:§ 248b
226:§ 145a
145:trespassing
112:delik aduan
97:Belgian law
44:shinkokuzai
1103:Categories
1092:2011-02-10
1014:, Taipei:
984:References
913:Huang 2000
888:2020-07-31
881:The Nikkei
812:Huang 2000
749:cybercrime
676:See also:
655:Defamation
513:§ 303
501:§ 301
495:§ 299
477:§ 238
465:§ 235
453:§ 229
444:§ 230
438:§ 223
426:§ 205
405:§ 183
393:§ 182
376:§ 355
354:§ 294
348:§ 293
336:§ 289
323:§ 288
310:§ 257
277:§ 247
265:§ 205
244:§ 194
238:§ 185
233:Defamation
217:§ 123
166:See also:
73:), in the
684:qīngàozuì
682:The term
648:Criminal
642:chingojoe
345:of fish (
318:distraint
105:, and in
87:Dutch law
62:chingojoe
1034:48141957
968:cite web
925:Ota 2007
800:Ota 2007
777:apostasy
650:adultery
612:such as
581:mizukara
547:(Delikte
480:para. 1)
472:Stalking
414:§§ 202 a
396:para. 3)
343:Poaching
181:Thai law
49:Japanese
33:(plural
720:Chinese
700:Chinese
688:Chinese
630:privacy
586:wo mate
584:tsugeru
433:Battery
333:goods (
195:Germany
19:In the
1088:, 2009
1069:
1032:
1022:
998:
730::
728:pinyin
722::
710:Taiwan
704:告訴乃論之罪
702::
690::
331:pawned
133:Delikt
129:Antrag
127:words
83:Taiwan
67:Korean
55:), in
783:Notes
773:Egypt
759:Egypt
598:kanji
553:Japan
420:202 b
149:fraud
95:, in
27:, an
1067:ISBN
1030:OCLC
1020:ISBN
996:ISBN
974:link
724:告訴乃論
714:The
614:rape
573:新律綱領
417:and
256:and
771:of
769:law
706:).
692:親告罪
616:or
259:204
253:203
187:or
179:in
147:or
71:친고죄
53:親告罪
1105::
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286:(
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274:(
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