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conducting ethnological research on peripatetic groups, made important observations in relation to their "own languages." This research dates back to the 1980s—that is, it emerged subsequent to the Polish findings which will be discussed later. Rao's chief asset was her knowledge of a language from the Indian group at a level attainable only by a native speaker. This enabled her to perceive phenomena not previously noticed by anyone else, during her field studies in
Afghanistan. The archives of the author of the present book preserve fragments of her correspondence with Aparna Rao and Andreas Tietze, dating from 1987–1988, related to research on secret languages.
465:, published in 2004, was a set of mainly ethnographic essays surrounding the role of interactions between settled and displaced peoples. In one of the essays, she analyzed research conducted on some Afghanistani nomadic people in 1975–1978, their self-perception, and how they were perceived by the sedentary populace of Afghanistan. In the book, Rao built off previous work conducted by
473:'s Robert M. Hayden reviewed the book, believing that the book might in the future serve as a benchmark study of displaced peoples. Hayden also believed that Rao's explanation for why the peripatetic lifestyle is successful was a good summary of the scholarly consensus surrounding the peripatetic lifestyle.
1795:
The concept of peripatetics has been introduced in Romani studies by scholars such as Aparna Rao (1985, 1987), Joseph
Berland (1982) and Salo and Salo (1982). Peripataticism is a mode of subsistence of great adaptive value. Peripatetics are endogamous groups who "employ regular spatial mobility as an
1574:
Afghanistan is the first country to the west of India and
Pakistan where we can identify industrial nomads who do not speak any of the local languages but a dialect from North India, in this case, Inku. Aparna Rao has identified four clans – Jalali, Pikraj, Shadibaz and Vangawala – who fall into this
480:
is a series of essays on nomadism in South Asia. Vinay Kumar
Srivastava said that the ethnographic investigations done on nomadism by the authors were extensive. He further added that "...this is the first volume of its kind that brings together different writings, from different cultural contexts on
1992:
Tavakolian, Bahram (2004). Saberwal, Vasant; Agrawal, Arun (eds.). "Reviewed Works: Greener
Pastures: Politics, Markets, and Community among a Migrant Pastoral People by Arun Agrawal; Nomadism in South Asia by Aparna Rao, Michael J. Casimir; Pastoralists: Equality, Hierarchy, and the State by Philip
1537:
In so far as we are concerned with works on secret languages (and similar phenomena) and their speakers from
Afghanistan itself, relevant information can be found in works by French researchers (Kieffer 1983; Dor 1977). Among the most valuable of these we can list the works of Aparna Rao, who, while
1161:
Aparna was born on 3 February 1950 in New Delhi as the third child of a historian and an
Anglicist. Both her parents had studied at Oxford and both had been engaged in the political struggles of India during their time. Through her parents, Aparna was confronted with the grave socioeconomic problems
1471:
APARNA RAO did her schooling in India before studying Social
Anthropology, Sociology, Human Geography, Islamic Studies and French Literature at the Universities of Paris (Sorbonne) and Srasbourg. She has researched mobile populations of peripatetics and pastoralists, in France, Afghanistan and the
374:
peoples. She researched the economy, ethnicity, gender relations, and social organization of pastoralist and peripatetic peoples in
Afghanistan, France, and Kashmir. She studied cognition, economy, environment, and social change in the midst of social groups in Rajasthan and Kashmir. According to
410:
noted that Rao was one of the few anthropologists who had carried out research studies in the midst of groups who draw their basic livelihood from other cultural groups. The term "peripatetic peoples", that was coined by her, has become a part of academic terminology. She defined the peripatetic
375:
Jadwiga
Pstrusińska, utilizing her native-level knowledge of an Indian language, she discovered previously unobserved phenomena on the languages of Afghanistan during her ethnological studies on the country's peripatetic populace in the 1980s. In her research in Afghanistan, Rao identified the
1472:
Western Himalayas (Kashmir), and published extensively on aspects of social organisation, economy, gender relations and ethnicity. She has taught Anthropology at Cologne University and is acting Head of Department, Anthropology, University of Heidelberg.
1500:
Dr. Aparna Rao At present: Institut für Völkerkunde der Universität zu Köln Albertus–Magnus Platz D-50923 Köln Germany Present research: in South Asia, among various communities in Kashmir and Rajasthan Subject: economy, cognition, social change,
453:
pointed out that a large proportion of its content had been drawn from anthropological field studies concluded or initiated in the 1970s and early 1980s and that the book lacked "new ethnography". Gold also said that a one-sided presentation of
1909:
Gold, Ann Grodzins (2003). Alatas, Syed Farid; Bun, Chan Kwok; Sinha, Vineeta; Kudaisya, Medha; et al. (eds.). "Reviewed Work: Culture, Creation and Procreation: Concepts of Kinship in South Asian Practice by Monika Böck, Aparna Rao".
1733:
Hayden, Robert M. (December 2005). Bowman, Glenn; De Neve, Geert; Bloom, Maureen (eds.). "Reviewed Work: Customary Strangers: New Perspectives on Peripatetic Peoples in the Middle East, Africa and Asia by Joseph C. Berland, Aparno Rao".
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of India and became acquainted with the role of academia in societal struggles. Although belonging to an elite family, social conscience and personal responsibility were core motivations for her later academic engagements.
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at the University of Strasbourg. She received her M.A. in anthropology from the University of Strasbourg in 1974, and later in 1980, completed her Ph.D. in ethnology from the Paris-Sorbonne University. Rao studied
189:
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in 1981. From 1993 to 1995, she was chair of the Department of Ethnology at the South Asia Institute of Heidelberg University, Germany. From 1995 to 1998, she served as the co-chairperson of the
1374:
Aparna Rao has taught anthropology at the University of Cologne and acted as Head of Department, Ethnology, at the South Asia Institute, University of Heidelberg. She was cochairperson of the
1484:
International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences. Commission on Urgent Anthropological Research. (2002), "Answers to the QUESTIONNAIRES according to the research areas",
950:
Rao, Aparna; Casimir, Michael J. (March 1998). "Sustainable Herd Management and the Tragedy of No Man's Land: An Analysis of West Himalayan Pastures Using Remote Sensing Techniques".
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387:. In 2004, the four clans' total estimated population in Afghanistan was 7,000. Between 1980 and 1992, she performed ethnographic research on the agency and autonomy within the
2102:
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The terminology used for this adaptation had not always been consistent in these studies, but the term 'peripatetic peoples' proposed by Rao has now gained general acceptance.
1811:
Olesen, Asta (1983). Luzbetak, Louis J.; Thiel, Josef Franz (eds.). "Reviewed Work: Les Ä orbat d'Afghanistan: Aspects Ă©conomiques d'un groupe itinĂ©rant "Ç°at" by Aparna Rao".
791:
Rao, Aparna; Casimir, Michael J. (August 1985). "Vertical Control in the Western Himalaya: Some Notes on the Pastoral Ecology of the Nomadic Bakrwal of Jammu and Kashmir".
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on the environment and lives of people, and from 1991 to 1994, she did research on the ethnic, religious, and political conflicts in Jammu and Kashmir. Rena C. Gropper of
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1859:
458:
didn't give much credence to a postcolonial interpretation. She noted that the authors substantially covered the "geographic and ethnographic contexts" of South Asia.
2112:
1953:
Srivastava, Vinay Kumar (2005). Gächter, Othmar; Piepke, Joachim; Quack, Anton (eds.). "Reviewed Work: Nomadism in South Asia by Aparna Rao, Michael J. Casimir".
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definition of 'Gypsy'. The locals call them 'Jat', which is used in a pejorative way. They number in total some 7,000 and live on the edge of Afghan society.
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Entstehung und Entwicklung Ethnischer Identität bei einer Islamischen Minderheit in Südasien: Bemerkungen zur Geschichte der Bakkarwal im Westlichen Himalaya
349:
888:
220:. Rao taught anthropology at the University of Cologne, serving for a brief time as chair of the Department of Ethnology at the South Asia Institute of
2097:
1593:
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Rao, Aparna; Casimir, Michael J. (September 1995). "Prestige, Possessions, and Progeny: Cultural Goals and Reproductive Success Among the Bakkarwal".
431:. Asta Olesen suggested that in the book, Rao had filled "an almost complete gap in the knowledge of the ethnic puzzle of Afghanistan". According to
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1082:
Guenther, Mathias (2007). Gächter, Othmar; Piepke, Joachim; Quack, Anton (eds.). "Current Issues and Future Directions in Hunter-Gatherer Studies".
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Origin and Development of Ethnic Identity among an Islamic Minority in South Asia: Comments on the History of the Bakkarwal in the Western Himalayas
33:
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They occupy what the German anthropologist Aparna Rao dubs the "peripatetic niche" (1993: 503-509) - and Alan Barnard (1993: 35) refers to as the
271:–educated parents who were political activists. In 1980, she married Michael J. Casimir (*1942 in Berlin), an ethnologist who retired in 2020 as
2157:
2122:
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Anderson, Jon W. (December 1983). "Reviewed Work: Les Ä orbat d'Afghanistan: Aspects Ă©conomiques d'un groupe itinĂ©rant "ĚŚat." by Aparna Rao".
697:
2117:
884:
485:'s Bahram Tavakolian, the book clarified the understanding of how "environment, structure, and agency" interacted in nomadic cultures.
1788:
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Gropper, Rena C. (March 1988). "Reviewed Work: The Other Nomads: Peripatetic Minorities in Cross-Cultural Perspective by Aparna Rao".
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1409:
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596:] (in French) (Reprinted from: Studia Iranica, t.8, fasc. 1 ed.). Association pour l'avancement des Études Iraniennes.
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1265:"Prof. Dr. Michael J. Casimir | Faculty of Humanities, Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Cologne"
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Journal of the Commission of International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences on the Nomadic Peoples
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Mobility and Territoriality: Social and Spatial Boundaries Among Foragers, Fishers, Pastoralists, and Peripatetics
126:
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470:
424:
121:
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Rao, Aparna (July–September 1985). "Des Nomades Méconnus: Pour une Typologie des Communautés Péripatétiques".
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during her doctorate studies. She spoke multiple languages including Bengali, English, French, German, Hindi,
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638:
354:
321:
455:
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Rao taught anthropology as an associate professor at the University of Cologne. She became a member of the
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peoples as four clans of "industrial nomads" who speak a north Indian dialect and have characteristics of
1485:
287:
283:
276:
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1382:. She has spent several years doing field research among peripatetic pastoral and farming communities.
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Commission on Nomadic Peoples of the International Union of Ethnological and Anthropological Sciences,
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Commission on Nomadic Peoples of the International Union of Ethnological and Anthropological Sciences
726:
268:
109:
450:
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244:
2054:
2014:
1962:
1923:
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Customary Strangers: New Perspectives on Peripatetic Peoples in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia
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Customary Strangers: New Perspectives on Peripatetic Peoples in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia
482:
463:
Customary Strangers: New Perspectives on Peripatetic Peoples in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia
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143:
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peoples as "the endogamous groups who employ regular spatial mobility as an economic strategy".
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at Delhi. Before her death in June 2005, she was scheduled to be the research director at the
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155:
32:
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1514:
1358:"Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological and Ethnological Research"
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2006:
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921:
848:
804:
751:
341:
304:
1589:"Reviews: APARNA RAO, Autonomy: Life Cycle, Gender and Status among Himalayan Pastoralists"
696:(Conference papers and proceedings: Outcome of a conference held under the auspices of the
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Rao, Aparna (1987). "The Concept of Peripatetics: An Introduction". In Rao, Aparna (ed.).
701:
300:
217:
435:'s Jon W. Anderson, the book made accessible the 19 months of fieldwork presented in it.
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Disappearing Peoples? Indigenous Groups and Ethnic Minorities in South and Central Asia
526:
490:
407:
256:
205:
90:
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Bollig, Michael (2009). Krätli, Saverio (ed.). "Obituary for Aparna Rao (1950–2005)".
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Bollig, Michael (2009). Krätli, Saverio (ed.). "Obituary for Aparna Rao (1950–2005)".
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in Afghanistan, France, and some regions of India. Her doctorate studies focused on
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The Late Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of Cologne, Germany
1454:
1095:
618:
The Practice of War: Production, Reproduction and Communication of Armed Violence
140:
Les Sinté du Pays Rhénan. Essai d'une Monographie d'un Sous–groupe Tsigane (M.A.)
367:
2010:
677:
Culture, Creation, and Procreation: Concepts of Kinship in South Asian Practice
447:
Culture, Creation, and Procreation: Concepts of Kinship in South Asian Practice
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1601:(1–2). Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany: Arnold Bergstrasser Institute: 149–150.
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The Other Nomads: Peripatetic Minorities in Cross–Cultural Perspective (1987)
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734:
637:. Oxford in India Readings in Sociology and Social Anthropology. New Delhi:
291:
240:
1369:
1364:, no. 41, Vienna, Austria: Committee's Secretariat, p. 80, 2001,
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International Committee on Urgent Anthropological and Ethnological Research
1199:
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Rössler, Martin; Röttger-Rössler, Birgitt (2008). "Aparna Rao, 1950–2005".
860:
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Les Ä horbat d'Afghanistan. Aspects Économiques d'un Groupe ItinĂ©rant 'Jat,'
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Les Ä horbat d'Afghanistan. Aspects Économiques d'un Groupe ItinĂ©rant 'Jat'
329:
along with Michael Casimir. She had been on the board of directors of the
251:, researched the ethnic makeup and local economy of Afghanistan. Her book
249:
Les Ä horbat d'Afghanistan. Aspects Économiques d'un Groupe ItinĂ©rant 'Jat'
998:
The Ghorbat of Afghanistan. Economic Aspects of an Itinerant Group 'Jat'
428:
396:
392:
388:
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2019:
1967:
1928:
1884:
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1742:(4). Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland: 847.
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Berland, Joseph C.; Rao, Aparna, eds. (2004). "About the Contributors".
1331:"Changements Survenus Dans La Liste Des Membres De La Société Asiatique"
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1104:
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The Ghorbat of Afghanistan. Economic Aspects of an Itinerant Group 'Jat'
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852:
817:
747:
384:
308:
236:
1706:
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Brower, Barbara; Johnston, Barbara Rose, eds. (2007). "Contributors".
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The Other Nomads: Peripatetic Minorities in Cross–Cultural Perspective
744:
The Other Nomads: Peripatetic Minorities in Cross–Cultural Perspective
142:
Les Ghorbat d'Afghanistan. Aspects Économiques d'un Groupe Itinerant '
523:
Autonomy: Life Cycle, Gender, and Status among Himalayan Pastoralists
496:
Autonomy: Life Cycle, Gender, and Status among Himalayan Pastoralists
345:
253:
Autonomy: Life Cycle, Gender, and Status among Himalayan Pastoralists
134:
808:
778:. Kölner Ethnologische Mitteilungen, Volume 8. Köln: Böhlau Verlag.
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449:, a book that was co–authored by Rao in 2000, Ann Grodzins Gold of
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646:
625:
371:
232:
228:
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Lived Islam in South Asia: Adaptation, Accommodation and Conflict
783:
759:
709:
684:
580:
559:
534:
190:
International Union of Ethnological and Anthropological Sciences
1333:[Changes in the List of Members of the Asian Society].
878:"Social Protection in Fiscal Stimulus Packages: Some Evidence"
391:
whose traditions have incorporated elements from those of the
275:
from the Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology of the
1456:
Muslim Communities of South Asia: Culture, Society, and Power
1289:
Ahmad, Imtiaz; Reifeld, Helmut, eds. (2017). "Contributors".
1243:(illustrated ed.). Left Coast Press. pp. 273–275.
876:
Rao, Aparna; Zhang, Yanchun; Thelen, Nina (September 2009).
188:
Former co-chairperson, Commission on Nomadic Peoples of the
1776:
Romani Writing: Literacy, Literature and Identity Politics
1459:(3, illustrated, revised ed.). Manohar. p. 525.
717:
Rao, Aparna; Orywal, Erwin; Bollig, Michael, eds. (1996).
616:
Rao, Aparna; Bollig, Michael; Böck, Monika, eds. (2007).
1515:"Polish Research on The Secret Languages of Afghanistan"
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Note Préliminaire sur les Jat d'Afghanistan /cAparna Rao
247:
on the environment and lives of people. Her 1982 work,
1692:(1). American Anthropological Association: 228–229.
1552:"Gypsies in India, Central Asia and the Middle East"
184:
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161:
151:
133:
115:
105:
100:
86:
78:
70:
58:
39:
23:
1736:The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
1519:Secret Languages of Afghanistan and Their Speakers
1860:Middle East Studies Association of North America
692:Rao, Aparna; Casimir, Michael J., eds. (1992) .
402:Rao's research works included the impact of the
204:(February 3, 1950 – June 28, 2005) was a German
2051:Special Issue: Whither South Asian Pastoralism?
1819:(3/4). Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH: 608–610.
746:. Kölner Ethnologische Mitteilungen, Volume 8.
633:Rao, Aparna; Casimir, Michael J., eds. (2003).
442:lacked structure and relevancy to future work.
231:, agrarian populations in Afghanistan, France,
1352:
1350:
1348:
654:Rao, Aparna; Berland, Joseph C., eds. (2004).
1961:(1). Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH: 290–292.
1490:, Vienna, Austria: E. Stiglmayr, p. 22,
719:Krieg und Kampf: die Gewalt in Unseren Köpfen
8:
1645:"Memorial: Remembering Aparna Rao 1950-2005"
1341:. Paris, France: Société Asiatique: 539–540.
1327:Centre national de la recherche scientifique
918:École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales
366:Rao performed field studies on the farming,
350:Centre for the Study of Developing Societies
340:Between 1995 and 1997, she was invited as a
282:Rao studied French literature, linguistics,
2103:Academic staff of the University of Cologne
723:War and Struggle: The Violence in Our Heads
344:by the Institute of Development Studies at
267:Aparna Rao was born in New Delhi, India to
1181:
1179:
1177:
594:Preliminary Note on the Jat of Afghanistan
31:
20:
2058:
2018:
1966:
1927:
1883:
1824:
1747:
1705:
1594:International Quarterly for Asian Studies
1207:
1154:
1103:
1090:(2). Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH: 377.
933:
816:
700:, in Cologne in October 1987). New York:
1852:Middle East Studies Association Bulletin
675:Rao, Aparna; Böck, Monika, eds. (2000).
2108:Academic staff of Heidelberg University
1904:
1902:
1021:
993:
991:
987:
1679:
1677:
1556:Gypsies: From the Ganges to the Thames
1987:
1985:
1948:
1946:
1845:
1843:
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1804:
1728:
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1228:
1226:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
698:Deutsche Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde
476:Rao's co-authored and co-edited book
7:
885:United Nations Development Programme
620:. New York; Oxford: Berghahn Books.
506:Rao died of cancer on 28 June 2005.
423:Rao discussed the livelihood of the
348:, and between 2003 and 2004, by the
1378:and is chief editor of the journal
243:. Rao researched the impact of the
331:Association of Gypsy Lore Studies.
14:
1796:economic strategy" (Rao 1987, 1).
1560:University of Hertfordshire Press
793:Mountain Research and Development
2113:Members of the Société Asiatique
2098:Paris-Sorbonne University alumni
2003:Whither South Asian Pastoralism?
438:Gropper suggested that her book
2093:University of Strasbourg alumni
2053:). White Horse Press: 2. 2004.
2005:). White Horse Press: 274–277.
1912:Asian Journal of Social Science
333:She was editor-in-chief of the
801:International Mountain Society
1:
1698:10.1525/aa.1988.90.1.02a00910
1587:Antweiler, Christoph (2000).
1523:Cambridge Scholars Publishing
1513:Pstrusińska, Jadwiga (2014).
1194:(1). White Horse Press: 1–4.
2158:20th-century anthropologists
2123:German women anthropologists
1643:John (Jack) Shrader (2005).
1096:10.5771/0257-9774-2007-2-371
679:. New York: Berghahn Books.
494:award in 1999, for her book
433:University of North Carolina
2118:Indian emigrants to Germany
1141:(1). White Horse Press: 2.
1058:Dietrich Reimer Verlag GmbH
1050:Zeitschrift fĂĽr Ethnologie
725:] (in German). Berlin:
2184:
2011:10.3167/082279404780446069
227:Rao's research focused on
1868:10.1017/S0026318400013766
742:Rao, Aparna, ed. (1987).
658:. Westport, Connecticut:
425:Jat people of Afghanistan
208:who performed studies on
195:
127:Paris-Sorbonne University
96:
30:
1779:(illustrated ed.).
1773:Toninato, Paola (2013).
1558:(illustrated ed.).
1550:Kenrick, Donald (2004).
960:(1). Springer: 113–134.
471:University of Pittsburgh
377:Jalali, Pikraj, Shadibaz
263:Early life and education
122:University of Strasbourg
1686:American Anthropologist
1071:(subscription required)
966:10.1023/A:1018701001793
926:10.3406/hom.1985.368592
639:Oxford University Press
575:]. Paris: A.D.P.F.
355:Ecole des Hautes Etudes
2148:German anthropologists
2143:German women academics
2133:Anthropology educators
1311:APARNA RAO (1950-2005)
1200:10.3167/np.2009.130101
1147:10.3167/np.2009.130101
635:Nomadism in South Asia
481:nomads". According to
478:Nomadism in South Asia
461:Rao's coauthored book
427:, with a focus on the
2068:registration required
2028:registration required
1976:registration required
1937:registration required
1893:registration required
1834:registration required
1760:registration required
1715:registration required
1269:University of Cologne
1217:registration required
1168:registration required
1120:registration required
943:registration required
826:registration required
567:Rao, Aparna (1982) .
456:cultural essentialism
288:physical anthropology
284:cultural anthropology
277:University of Cologne
222:Heidelberg University
16:German anthropologist
2138:Anthropology writers
1783:. pp. 190–191.
1487:Newsletter, Issue 15
588:Rao, Aparna (1979).
542:Rao, Aparna (1988).
521:Rao, Aparna (1998).
110:Doctor of Philosophy
1451:Madan, Triloki Nath
1325:Société Asiatique;
451:Syracuse University
404:conflict in Kashmir
245:conflict in Kashmir
101:Academic background
2168:Indian Indologists
2163:German Indologists
1668:Macalester College
1562:. pp. 80–81.
1525:. pp. 31–32.
853:10.1007/BF02734141
552:Das Arabische Buch
488:Rao was given the
483:Denison University
273:professor emeritus
255:received the 1999
2128:Human geographers
1430:White Horse Press
1426:"Nomadic Peoples"
1335:Journal Asiatique
322:Société Asiatique
299:, ethnology, and
297:anthropogeography
290:, sociology, and
216:, ethnology, and
214:anthropogeography
199:
198:
156:Xavier de Planhol
2175:
2072:
2071:
2064:
2062:
2041:"Front Matter".
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1989:
1980:
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1751:
1730:
1719:
1718:
1711:
1709:
1681:
1672:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1649:
1640:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1621:on July 21, 2020
1617:. Archived from
1584:
1578:
1577:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1354:
1343:
1342:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1234:
1221:
1220:
1213:
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1183:
1172:
1171:
1164:
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1130:
1124:
1123:
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1107:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1045:
1009:
1006:
1000:
995:
977:
946:
939:
937:
902:
900:
899:
893:
887:. Archived from
882:
872:
829:
822:
820:
787:
763:
738:
713:
688:
671:
650:
629:
605:
584:
563:
538:
445:While reviewing
342:visiting scholar
152:Doctoral advisor
65:
53:New Delhi, India
50:February 3, 1950
49:
47:
35:
21:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2065:
2043:Nomadic Peoples
2040:
2039:
2035:
2025:
1995:Nomadic Peoples
1993:Carl Salzman".
1991:
1990:
1983:
1973:
1952:
1951:
1944:
1934:
1908:
1907:
1900:
1890:
1849:
1848:
1841:
1831:
1810:
1809:
1802:
1791:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1757:
1732:
1731:
1722:
1712:
1683:
1682:
1675:
1661:
1659:
1658:(1). Jeff Kwgel
1647:
1642:
1641:
1634:
1624:
1622:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1570:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1533:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1467:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1434:
1432:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1412:
1404:. p. 341.
1393:
1392:
1388:
1380:Nomadic Peoples
1356:
1355:
1346:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1307:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1273:
1271:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1251:
1236:
1235:
1224:
1214:
1188:Nomadic Peoples
1185:
1184:
1175:
1165:
1135:Nomadic Peoples
1132:
1131:
1127:
1117:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1070:
1047:
1046:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1003:
996:
989:
984:
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905:
897:
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880:
875:
832:
823:
809:10.2307/3673355
790:
773:
770:
768:Selected papers
741:
716:
691:
674:
653:
632:
615:
612:
587:
566:
550:]. Berlin:
541:
520:
517:
512:
504:
417:
364:
335:Nomadic Peoples
317:
315:Academic career
301:Islamic studies
265:
218:Islamic studies
179:
141:
125:
82:Michael Casimir
63:
54:
51:
45:
43:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2181:
2179:
2171:
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2150:
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2130:
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2120:
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2110:
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2100:
2095:
2090:
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2079:
2074:
2073:
2033:
1981:
1942:
1898:
1839:
1800:
1790:978-1317970859
1789:
1765:
1720:
1673:
1632:
1579:
1569:978-1902806235
1568:
1542:
1532:978-1443864411
1531:
1505:
1476:
1466:978-8173040900
1465:
1453:, ed. (1995).
1442:
1417:
1411:978-0897897716
1410:
1386:
1344:
1317:
1306:978-1351384322
1305:
1281:
1256:
1250:978-1598741216
1249:
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714:
689:
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630:
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608:
607:
606:
585:
564:
539:
527:Berghahn Books
516:
515:Books authored
513:
511:
508:
503:
500:
429:Ghorbat people
416:
413:
408:Hunter College
363:
360:
316:
313:
264:
261:
239:, and western
206:anthropologist
197:
196:
193:
192:
186:
182:
181:
176:
175:Sub-discipline
172:
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164:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
137:
131:
130:
119:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
98:
97:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
66:(aged 55)
60:
56:
55:
52:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
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2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
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2144:
2141:
2139:
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2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
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2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
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2091:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2069:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2034:
2029:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1930:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1886:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1797:
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1778:
1777:
1769:
1766:
1761:
1755:
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1737:
1729:
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1691:
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1669:
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1637:
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1600:
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1524:
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1477:
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1458:
1457:
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1427:
1421:
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1413:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1337:(in French).
1336:
1332:
1328:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1285:
1282:
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1266:
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1252:
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1231:
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1205:
1201:
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1182:
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1163:
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1136:
1129:
1126:
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1106:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1078:
1075:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1052:(in German).
1051:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1005:
1002:
999:
994:
992:
988:
981:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
954:
953:Human Ecology
948:
944:
936:
931:
927:
923:
919:
916:(95). Paris:
915:
912:(in French).
911:
910:
904:
894:on 2021-09-17
890:
886:
879:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
837:
831:
827:
819:
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810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
789:
785:
781:
777:
772:
771:
767:
761:
757:
753:
752:Böhlau Verlag
749:
745:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
690:
686:
682:
678:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
613:
609:
603:
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595:
591:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
519:
518:
514:
509:
507:
501:
499:
497:
493:
492:
486:
484:
479:
474:
472:
468:
464:
459:
457:
452:
448:
443:
441:
436:
434:
430:
426:
422:
414:
412:
409:
405:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
373:
369:
361:
359:
357:
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351:
347:
343:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
323:
314:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
293:
289:
285:
280:
278:
274:
270:
262:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
211:
210:social groups
207:
203:
194:
191:
187:
183:
177:
173:
169:
165:
162:Academic work
160:
157:
154:
150:
147:
145:
138:
136:
132:
128:
123:
120:
118:
114:
111:
108:
104:
99:
95:
92:
89:
85:
81:
77:
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62:June 28, 2005
61:
57:
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1958:
1954:
1915:
1911:
1855:
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1816:
1812:
1794:
1775:
1768:
1753:
1739:
1735:
1689:
1685:
1666:– via
1660:. Retrieved
1655:
1651:
1625:December 17,
1623:. Retrieved
1619:the original
1598:
1592:
1582:
1573:
1555:
1545:
1536:
1518:
1508:
1499:
1486:
1479:
1470:
1455:
1445:
1435:November 23,
1433:. Retrieved
1429:
1420:
1396:
1389:
1379:
1375:
1373:
1361:
1338:
1334:
1320:
1310:
1291:
1284:
1272:. Retrieved
1268:
1259:
1239:
1191:
1187:
1160:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1114:in any city.
1111:
1109:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1053:
1049:
1004:
997:
957:
951:
913:
907:
896:. Retrieved
889:the original
883:. New York:
840:
836:Human Nature
834:
796:
792:
775:
743:
722:
718:
693:
676:
655:
634:
617:
610:Books edited
593:
589:
572:
568:
547:
543:
525:. New York:
522:
505:
495:
489:
487:
477:
475:
467:Georg Simmel
462:
460:
446:
444:
439:
437:
420:
418:
415:Written work
401:
380:
376:
365:
353:
339:
334:
330:
326:
320:
318:
311:, and Urdu.
281:
266:
252:
248:
226:
201:
200:
185:Institutions
170:Anthropology
139:
64:(2005-06-28)
18:
2153:2005 deaths
2088:1950 births
1922:: 588–590.
1501:environment
847:: 241–272.
803:: 221–232.
372:peripatetic
279:, Germany.
229:peripatetic
224:, Germany.
178:Ethnography
71:Citizenship
2082:Categories
1016:References
920:: 97–120.
898:2020-04-18
668:2003060424
647:2003321544
626:2008299236
602:1039700457
358:in Paris.
202:Aparna Rao
167:Discipline
117:Alma mater
46:1950-02-03
25:Aparna Rao
1955:Anthropos
1876:0026-3184
1813:Anthropos
1781:Routledge
1662:April 17,
1615:2566-686X
1607:2566-6878
1402:Greenwood
1297:Routledge
1274:April 17,
1084:Anthropos
974:151112196
727:D. Reimer
389:Bakarwals
381:Vangawala
337:journal.
292:ethnology
241:Rajasthan
180:Ethnology
146:' (Ph.D.)
106:Education
2060:43123722
2020:43123738
1968:40466520
1929:23654736
1885:23057629
1826:40460673
1652:Himalaya
1496:13178939
1329:(1981).
1209:43124142
1156:43124142
1105:40389730
1066:25843125
935:25132145
861:24203092
845:Springer
784:87153302
760:87153302
735:36406067
710:91023207
685:00060885
581:83174197
560:88204809
535:97015842
397:Punjabis
393:Pashtuns
368:pastoral
362:Research
2045:. New.
1997:. New.
1862:: 247.
1749:3804056
1688:. New.
1370:2447750
1060:: 3–5.
909:L'Homme
869:3119534
818:3673355
660:Praeger
385:gypsies
309:Romanes
305:Persian
259:award.
237:Kashmir
129:(Ph.D.)
74:Germany
2057:
2017:
1965:
1926:
1882:
1874:
1823:
1787:
1746:
1707:678541
1704:
1613:
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624:
600:
579:
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491:Choice
370:, and
346:Jaipur
269:Oxford
257:Choice
135:Thesis
124:(M.A.)
91:Choice
87:Awards
79:Spouse
2055:JSTOR
2015:JSTOR
1963:JSTOR
1924:JSTOR
1920:Brill
1918:(3).
1880:JSTOR
1858:(2).
1821:JSTOR
1744:JSTOR
1702:JSTOR
1648:(PDF)
1603:eISSN
1204:JSTOR
1151:JSTOR
1100:JSTOR
1062:JSTOR
1056:(1).
982:Notes
970:S2CID
930:JSTOR
892:(PDF)
881:(PDF)
865:S2CID
843:(3).
813:JSTOR
799:(3).
721:[
592:[
571:[
546:[
510:Works
502:Death
233:Jammu
2049:(2,
2001:(2,
1872:ISSN
1785:ISBN
1664:2020
1627:2020
1611:ISSN
1564:ISBN
1527:ISBN
1492:OCLC
1461:ISBN
1437:2020
1406:ISBN
1366:OCLC
1301:ISBN
1276:2020
1245:ISBN
857:PMID
780:LCCN
756:LCCN
748:Köln
731:OCLC
706:LCCN
702:Berg
681:LCCN
664:LCCN
643:LCCN
622:LCCN
598:OCLC
577:LCCN
556:LCCN
531:LCCN
395:and
379:and
59:Died
40:Born
2007:doi
1959:100
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1196:doi
1143:doi
1112:san
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1984:^
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1945:^
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48:)
44:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
