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Aphelinus mali

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into the underside of a woolly aphid and lays an egg, which hatches in about three days. The adult may feed on any fluid that oozes from the puncture wound. The larva takes ten to twelve days to develop before pupating inside the body of its host. When ready to emerge, the adult chews its way out
201:. Its transparent membranous wings are longer than its abdomen and fold flat along its back. Although it can fly, it prefers to walk and jump, and often conceals itself under leaves. The larvae and pupae remain hidden inside the host; the larvae are yellow with red eyes, and the pupae are black. 238:
through the upper surface of the aphid, leaving a neat round hole. The whole life cycle takes 20 to 25 days and there may be six or seven generations during the season. In the fall, larvae and pupae enter diapause and overwinter in the blackened mummified bodies of their hosts.
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This parasitoid is a parasite of aphids, particularly woolly aphids and is native to the northeastern parts of the United States. It was introduced in 1928 to the orchards of the
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was one of the earliest examples of controlling pests biologically. It works best in conjunction with other generalist predators such as
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and spread naturally. It has since been introduced to many other parts of the world with the aim of keeping aphids under control.
181:), a pest of apple trees. It is native to the northeastern United States but has been introduced to other parts of the world as a 586: 433: 604: 513: 45: 526: 182: 156: 401: 140: 663: 614: 578: 214: 264: 177: 40: 565: 306: 635: 469: 210: 640: 350: 318: 622: 172: 521: 508: 198: 438: 657: 474: 591: 573: 547: 255: 251: 107: 97: 424: 234: 500: 482: 117: 77: 57: 32: 627: 456: 448: 418: 259: 230: 461: 373: 539: 552: 87: 67: 395: 487: 337:
Beers, Elizabeth H.; Hoyt, Stanley C.; Willett, Michael J. (2010).
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Introduced from its native region to other apple growing areas,
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is a tiny black wasp slightly smaller than its woolly aphid
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and the parasitoid's overwintering protection measures"
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Zhou Hongxu; Guo Jianying; Wan Fanghao; Yu Yi (2010).
408: 349:. Washington State University. Archived from 8: 396: 31: 20: 332: 330: 328: 326: 277: 175:that exploits the woolly apple aphid ( 674:Taxa named by Samuel Stehman Haldeman 7: 615:03da6b56-d3c2-4bc3-a697-77d6e44193c5 527:722cc682-4ed7-4fdc-aa72-5474bb18f4ca 14: 378:: Woolly Apple Aphid parasitoid" 44: 347:Orchard Pest Management Online 233:in the spring. It inserts its 1: 684:Biological pest control wasps 679:Hymenoptera of North America 305:(2): 153–158. Archived from 700: 299:Acta Phytophylacica Sinica 669:Insects described in 1851 146: 139: 41:Scientific classification 39: 30: 23: 183:biological pest control 522:Fauna Europaea (new) 372:Murray, Tom (2009). 287:"Natural control of 242:Use in pest control 293:Eriosoma lanigerum 265:Deraeocoris brevis 262:and the plant bug 178:Eriosoma lanigerum 651: 650: 636:Open Tree of Life 402:Taxon identifiers 225:The adult female 213:in the region of 211:Pacific Northwest 164: 163: 691: 644: 643: 631: 630: 618: 617: 608: 607: 595: 594: 592:NHMSYS0021212392 582: 581: 569: 568: 556: 555: 543: 542: 530: 529: 517: 516: 504: 503: 491: 490: 478: 477: 465: 464: 452: 451: 442: 441: 429: 428: 427: 397: 390: 389: 387: 385: 369: 363: 362: 360: 358: 353:on 29 April 2017 334: 321: 317: 315: 314: 282: 258:, the larvae of 152: 49: 48: 35: 21: 699: 698: 694: 693: 692: 690: 689: 688: 654: 653: 652: 647: 639: 634: 626: 623:Observation.org 621: 613: 611: 603: 598: 590: 585: 577: 572: 564: 559: 551: 546: 538: 533: 525: 520: 512: 507: 499: 494: 486: 481: 473: 468: 460: 455: 447: 445: 437: 432: 423: 422: 417: 404: 394: 393: 383: 381: 371: 370: 366: 356: 354: 336: 335: 324: 312: 310: 284: 283: 279: 274: 244: 223: 207: 191: 173:parasitoid wasp 160: 154: 148: 135: 43: 17: 16:Species of wasp 12: 11: 5: 697: 695: 687: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 656: 655: 649: 648: 646: 645: 632: 619: 609: 596: 583: 570: 557: 544: 531: 518: 509:Fauna Europaea 505: 492: 479: 466: 453: 443: 439:Aphelinus_mali 430: 414: 412: 410:Aphelinus mali 406: 405: 400: 392: 391: 376:Aphelinus mali 364: 341:Aphelinus mali 322: 289:Aphelinus mali 276: 275: 273: 270: 243: 240: 222: 219: 206: 203: 190: 187: 168:Aphelinus mali 162: 161: 155: 150:Aphelinus mali 144: 143: 137: 136: 129: 127: 123: 122: 115: 111: 110: 105: 101: 100: 95: 91: 90: 85: 81: 80: 75: 71: 70: 65: 61: 60: 55: 51: 50: 37: 36: 28: 27: 25:Aphelinus mali 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 696: 685: 682: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 661: 659: 642: 637: 633: 629: 624: 620: 616: 610: 606: 601: 597: 593: 588: 584: 580: 575: 571: 567: 562: 558: 554: 549: 545: 541: 536: 532: 528: 523: 519: 515: 510: 506: 502: 497: 493: 489: 484: 480: 476: 471: 467: 463: 458: 454: 450: 444: 440: 435: 431: 426: 420: 416: 415: 413: 411: 407: 403: 398: 379: 377: 368: 365: 352: 348: 344: 342: 333: 331: 329: 327: 323: 320: 309:on 2016-06-04 308: 304: 300: 296: 294: 290: 281: 278: 271: 269: 267: 266: 261: 257: 253: 249: 241: 239: 236: 232: 229:emerges from 228: 220: 218: 216: 212: 204: 202: 200: 196: 188: 186: 184: 180: 179: 174: 170: 169: 158: 153: 151: 145: 142: 141:Binomial name 138: 134: 133: 128: 125: 124: 121: 120: 116: 113: 112: 109: 106: 103: 102: 99: 96: 93: 92: 89: 86: 83: 82: 79: 76: 73: 72: 69: 66: 63: 62: 59: 56: 53: 52: 47: 42: 38: 34: 29: 26: 22: 19: 409: 382:. Retrieved 375: 367: 355:. Retrieved 351:the original 346: 340: 311:. Retrieved 307:the original 302: 298: 292: 288: 280: 263: 252:lady beetles 247: 245: 226: 224: 208: 205:Distribution 194: 192: 176: 167: 166: 165: 149: 147: 132:A. mali 131: 130: 118: 24: 18: 664:Aphelinidae 574:NatureServe 548:iNaturalist 189:Description 108:Aphelinidae 98:Hymenoptera 658:Categories 380:. BugGuide 313:2010-10-31 272:References 260:hoverflies 235:ovipositor 221:Life cycle 215:Hood River 193:The adult 78:Arthropoda 579:2.1211643 374:"Species 343:Haldeman" 256:lacewings 126:Species: 119:Aphelinus 64:Kingdom: 58:Eukaryota 566:10086770 457:BugGuide 446:BioLib: 425:Q3493250 419:Wikidata 384:14 April 357:14 April 319:Abstract 231:diapause 157:Haldeman 104:Family: 74:Phylum: 68:Animalia 54:Domain: 540:1364062 248:A. mali 227:A. mali 195:A. mali 185:agent. 114:Genus: 94:Order: 88:Insecta 84:Class: 641:390273 628:195361 612:NZOR: 605:297831 553:125163 488:APHEMA 462:339034 159:, 1851 561:IRMNG 514:67991 501:77671 496:EUNIS 449:63826 171:is a 600:NCBI 535:GBIF 483:EPPO 475:FCNH 386:2018 359:2018 199:host 587:NBN 470:CoL 434:AFD 291:on 660:: 638:: 625:: 602:: 589:: 576:: 563:: 550:: 537:: 524:: 511:: 498:: 485:: 472:: 459:: 436:: 421:: 345:. 325:^ 303:37 301:. 297:. 254:, 388:. 361:. 339:" 316:.

Index


Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Aphelinidae
Aphelinus
Binomial name
Haldeman
parasitoid wasp
Eriosoma lanigerum
biological pest control
host
Pacific Northwest
Hood River
diapause
ovipositor
lady beetles
lacewings
hoverflies
Deraeocoris brevis
"Natural control of Aphelinus mali on Eriosoma lanigerum and the parasitoid's overwintering protection measures"
the original
Abstract


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