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Apple Inc. and unions

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22: 674: 858: 6851: 764:," more direct communications with executives, a flattened hierarchy including distinctions and perks between management and employees, more influence over company decisions, and an "institutionalized voice" for employees. Management agreed to the formation of an "Employee-Executive Forum" consisting of 15 randomly selected employees, allowed to meet quarterly with management to discuss their concerns. 6877: 4705: 757:, recycling, and smoking on campus, "literally swamped" the system in protest of the changes, resulting in management walking back the changes. One employee compiled a list of participants in the profit sharing revolt and wrote to each of them forming a small group that soon merged with another recently formed group: the "concerned employees' league." 989:, the workers gathered 70%. The union, led by Derrick Bowles and Sydney Rhodes, refers to themselves as "Apple Workers Union". The vote was scheduled to take place on June 2, 2022, but was later withdrawn after what workers alleged to be "intimidation". In December, the NLRB corroborated that Apple violated federal labor law. 1063:
store, Apple circulated fliers promoting "a dedicated working group that can be used as a formal means for employees and leaders to provide feedback on both local and retail organization-wide initiatives, policies and practices." In response, CWA filed a complaint with the NLRB on December 16, 2022,
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and connected the organizers to her Workers United contact, reviving the effort. In April 2022, the workers began gathering signatures to file a petition for union representation with the NLRB. In June 2022, a press release by Workers United announced that CWA's Apple Retail Union will take over
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On December 17, 2021, 250 women workers at the iPhone Foxconn plant were medically treated for food poisoning, with productions halted on December 18. Nearly 3,000 workers blocked the highway to the factory, leading to 167 workers being detained for 24 hours, including trade union officials from
791:"I have a lot of co-workers and friends who I genuinely love and they do not make enough to get by." Others have criticized that while the company used to pay competitively, it has not been reflective of the record profits reported throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, as described in a 2442: 625:
stores filed paperwork to unionize, the first in the United Kingdom to do so. In November, Apple voluntarily recognized the Glasgow Apple union. On February 8, 2023, Apple signed a collective agreement with the store, the first Apple store to do so in the United Kingdom.
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Apple was founded in 1976, and has become one of the most valuable corporations in the world, being valued over $ 1 trillion in 2018, and in 2020 becoming the first American company to be valued over $ 2 trillion. Since the 1980s, Apple, like other
1122:. On November 23, 2022, the IAM withdrew its unionization petition from the NLRB, citing a hostile environment, while a published statement and union-withdrawal petition by Apple workers contradicted IAM stating they did not wish to work with IAM. 736:
on August 6, 2024. Additional unionization efforts are underway in New York (Grand Central and World Trade Center), Kentucky and Ohio. There were unsuccessful and or cancelled efforts in California, New Jersey, Georgia and Missouri.
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to counter unionization efforts. The same month, CWA filed another complaint, alleging Apple interrogated workers about labor activity, prohibited the posting of pro-union flyers and held mandatory anti-union presentations at the
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with the Metalworkers Union to match the salaries of the newer Apple contract workers with the better paid Foxconn workers of the non-Apple focused plant. A prior strike happened in February 2013 over similar demands.
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was the first organized worker initiative, in protest of changes to employee profit sharing. In 2011 an unsuccessful unionization effort was launched by Cory Moll in the San Francisco retail store. In 2021 the
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Apple relies on a larger, outsourced workforce for manufacturing, particularly in China. As of 2021, Apple uses hardware components from 43 different countries. The majority of assembling is done by Taiwanese
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under the name "Fruit Stand Workers United". An organizer had reached out to Cher Scarlett "distraught" after the union's prior partnership had unexpectedly dissolved. Scarlett, who had previously worked for
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In China, Apple directly employs 10,000 workers across its retail and corporate divisions. In addition, one further million workers are contracted by Apple's suppliers to assemble Apple products, including
1103:(IAM). The workers filed a petition with the NLRB on May 4, 2022, and voted 65–33 to join the union on June 18, 2022, becoming the first unionized Apple store in the nation. A majority of the 85-employee 374:
report criticized the limited worker participation inside the Foxconn Trade Union and the lack of awareness or involvement of workers in the first democratic union elections Foxconn held in early 2015.
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announced a 15 percent pay cut, along with other top executive pay cuts. The group said they were considering unionization, a stance in contrast with their original opposition to unions. In 1997, CEO
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stations, and more strict rules around customer interactions. The walkout involved at least 50 retail employees across stores from three states, and comes following news of retail conditions around
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offices in protest of forthcoming mass layoff as part of the company's cost-cutting plan. Workers demanded executives take pay-cuts as part of the cutbacks. In the days following the rally, CEO
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In early 2022, employees reported that recent compensation adjustments from the company had backfired, with many reporting their raises were not enough to cover inflation. One worker told
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union representative cited excessive overtime, high noise level and insufficient health measures as motivating factors for workers to form a works council, as well as the lack of any
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notifying the company of their intention to file for union recognition with the NLRB called the Coalition of Organized Retail Employees, or AppleCore. The union is affiliated with
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initiative launched, publishing over 500 stories of worker experiences with harassment. One year later, #AppleToo evolved into Apple Together, a network of different Apple Unions.
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Organizers alleged that since they started union activity, managers had begun surveilling workers and giving anti-union speeches. Rebecca Kolins Givan, an associate professor at
3599: 2055: 1779: 371: 25: 1075:, Apple workers voted 57–41 against forming a union with CWA, on 11 May 2024. It the third union election, followed by the two successful elections in Maryland and Oklahoma. 4408: 4247: 3891: 2786: 218: 3567: 2818: 132:, sought to bring together the company's global worker organizations. In the 2020s, a surge in new organizing took place in Australia, United Kingdom and the United States. 3629: 2473: 1581: 3330: 3233: 1528: 1111:
at any Apple store on August 6, 2024. The agreement would include a 10% salary increase over 3-years and new rules related to scheduling, sub-contracting, and severance.
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On April 29, 2022, the group wrote an open letter to corporate management speaking out against the company's return-to-office plans asking for more flexibility around
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with Apple in Italy representing 1,300 workers across 14 Apple stores and improved working conditions compared to the existing national retail collective agreement.
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to clarify that the training was not related to retail employees. In April 2013, according to a tweet Moll posted, Moll left the company on his own accord.
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companies, shifted assembly operations and other manufacturing services from the United States to countries with lower labor, overhead costs and
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Apple Australia employs 4,000 employees. On October 18, 2022, 150 retail workers from one of Apple's three unions in Australia, represented by
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as an external auditor from 2012 to 2016. One of FLA's findings was that the Foxconn Trade Union failed to adequately represent workers. The
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shared a leaked memo, allegedly proving that Apple is training Apple Store managers to persuade employees against unionization. Apple hired
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The initial group of 50 workers using the name "Employees for One Apple" met in May 1990 and sought a restoration of the company's former "
3164: 3022: 2117: 1421: 7007: 6962: 6942: 6937: 4776: 4520: 3982: 1811: 1550: 1342: 310: 3288: 6952: 6932: 6741: 4504: 4208: 3589: 202: 3526:"Apple employees plan to walk off their jobs on Christmas Eve, urge customers to not buy anything amid the last-minute shopping rush" 2685: 6922: 6902: 5710: 4671: 1519:"We traced what it takes to make an iPhone, from its initial design to the components and raw materials needed to make it a reality" 963: 725: 6314: 4398: 4229: 3881: 2776: 2658: 3557: 2840: 2808: 6997: 6912: 6907: 6643: 6343: 6080: 5901: 5853: 4880: 2624:"Los sindicatos de Apple crean una red de solidaridad mundial, de Maryland a Tokio pasando por Barcelona: qué demandan en España" 2463: 2912: 1212: 6294: 6263: 6206: 5784: 5395: 5192: 4875: 4269: 3320: 3223: 1518: 971: 594: 6382: 4802: 3352: 2560: 978: 630: 2623: 1239: 255:
had previous experience organizing Foxconn workers at the first non-Apple plant that was established in 2007. After a 5-day
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launch in 2011, workers in the Rome Apple retail store went on strike, featuring the slogan "Strike Different", a play on "
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Despite Foxconn being the largest 'unionized' company in the world, with 90% of the 1.4 million workforce registered; the
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fired 4,100 workers with severance to cut costs. One fired worker said the company's biggest problem was mismanagement.
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server to assist in unionizing efforts. As of May 2022, Scarlett and Parrish were members of the union as advisors.
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movement using the phrase "From #AppleToo to Apple Together", and the group has used the tagline "Think Equitable".
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Apple has 20 retail stores in France, 9 in Paris, as of 2023. Apple employees are represented by four trade-unions,
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As of 2019, Apple directly employs 90,000 employees in the United States, including 25,000 corporate employees in
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issues, subpar wages, customer abuse, and poor management of the COVID-19 pandemic. The walkout started at the
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criticized the FLA report for giving Apple and Foxconn 'undue' credit, despite ongoing issues including forced
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On April 20, 2022, the first Apple store in the United States filed a petition for union recognition with the
2938: 2012: 6275: 6211: 4885: 1146: 1072: 998: 869:, or a "global network of solidarity between unions," made up of corporate and retail workers, founded by 454:
Apple store elected a works council, the second one in Germany, making the establishment of a Germany wide
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The corporate employees reportedly supported retail efforts to unionize, including by donating funds via
6781: 6492: 6403: 6270: 5977: 5616: 5400: 5335: 5315: 5243: 5211: 5048: 5043: 4870: 4865: 4664: 4564: 3498: 2586: 2433:"Apple places Foxconn's Sriperumbudur facility on probation; says plant doesn't meet required standards" 2256: 2086:"Polishing Apple: Fair Labor Association gives Foxconn and Apple undue credit for labor rights progress" 1151: 933: 768: 750: 511: 455: 411: 210: 3809: 2977: 1902:"Inside 'iPhone City,' the massive Chinese factory town where half of the world's iPhones are produced" 1613: 6791: 6169: 5984: 5825: 5565: 5539: 5422: 5352: 4590: 2287: 1115: 1108: 1013: 733: 562: 447: 260: 6897: 6854: 6319: 6143: 6111: 5942: 5830: 5533: 5221: 5216: 4831: 4734: 4234: 3136: 3059:
An institutional analysis of the formation of jobs in software work in the United States, 1945-2001
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retail store, where recent aggression from customers had been ignored by the store's management.
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In June 1991, the group, which had grown to 500 members, organized a rally outside of one of the
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In May 2022, CWA filed an unfair labor practice report against Apple, claiming the company held
1780:"'Bully in a cheap suit': Apple agrees to negotiate with Australian staff after union showdown" 577:
using the slogan "Work Different". Three of Japan's ten Apple stores are unionized with Tozen.
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in iPhone factories, due to strenuous working conditions. Apple responded by bringing in the
6957: 6786: 6736: 6599: 6549: 6539: 6510: 6436: 6331: 6243: 6189: 5886: 5633: 5164: 4895: 4807: 4657: 4621: 4559: 3530: 3460: 3132:"Some U.S. Apple Store employees are working to unionize, part of a growing worker backlash" 2628: 1969: 1906: 1318: 1045: 1037: 792: 340: 322: 314: 51: 3652:"Caught On Video: Apple Store Melee Ends In Stabbing After Customer Refuses To Wear A Mask" 6609: 6579: 6534: 6441: 6426: 6282: 6216: 6201: 6176: 5810: 5767: 5593: 5330: 5310: 5038: 4117:"Communications Workers of America jumping in on Apple Grand Central unionization efforts" 4081: 3325: 2717: 2663: 2017: 1104: 874: 618: 539: 439: 367:
elections through an anonymous voting process to elect up to 18,000 new union committees.
966:(CWA) launched an effort to help Apple retail stores unionize. The campaign is a part of 2899:"Employee Organization in Silicon Valley: Networks, Ethnic Organization, and New Unions" 1582:"Apple's India and Brazil iPhone plants haven't reduced its dependence on China: Report" 877:, and other anonymous Apple workers. The website states that it is the evolution of the 58:
s are made up of retail, corporate, and outsourced workers. Apple employees have joined
6746: 6604: 6569: 6431: 5991: 5815: 5675: 5573: 5276: 4923: 4755: 4595: 4585: 4435: 4371: 4327: 3955: 3918: 3716:"Apple employees demand more flexibility from company as three-day office return looms" 3201: 1680: 1136: 1056: 1028: 921: 746: 142: 3684:"'I was symptomatic': Apple employees say store's Covid outbreak goes beyond managers" 1933:
Something's Not Right Here: Poor Working Conditions Persist at Apple Supplier Pegatron
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On December 18, 2014, retail workers of Apple Japan announced a union affiliated with
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On November 16, 2022, IAM petitioned the NLRB to represent 83 Apple employees at the
1065: 1024: 1009: 929: 913: 885: 870: 840: 824: 807: 706: 642: 638: 515: 459: 431: 407: 330: 256: 238: 98: 63: 2713:"Scottish Apple store staff make history after becoming first in the UK to unionise" 426:
In 2011, Apple directly employed 50,000 workers worldwide; 30,000 of them in retail
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in early March 2013. In September 2013, a works council was formed in Augsburg.
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and across Silicon Valley. The vast majority of its employees work at 500 retail
149:. Apple directly employs 147,000 workers including 25,000 corporate employees in 6771: 6687: 6677: 6589: 6564: 6554: 6476: 6353: 6194: 5963: 5936: 5682: 5640: 5552: 5527: 5516: 5511: 5169: 5104: 5099: 4955: 4950: 4181: 3914:"Apple Atlanta Workers Drop Bid for Union Vote Next Week, Claiming Intimidation" 3293: 2188: 1847: 1426: 1374: 1364: 1165: 985:
and of the 30% of authorization cards required for the 107-employee location in
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for organizing efforts. Several union representatives "hang out" in the union's
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The vast majority of the 270 Apple retail stores are not unionized. Apple hired
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alleging that Apple interfered with unionization efforts by setting up its own
6816: 6731: 6725: 6522: 6516: 6461: 6451: 6236: 6057: 6033: 5970: 5820: 5779: 5720: 5583: 5559: 5480: 5412: 5366: 5135: 5019: 4967: 4854: 4605: 3590:"Apple Workers Walk Out On Christmas Eve, Demanding Better Working Conditions" 3169: 3097: 2845: 1492: 1457:"Apple will spend $ 1 billion to open 3,000-employee campus in North Carolina" 1392: 1189: 1084: 901: 815: 776: 686: 650: 418:, the main trade union involved represents 25% of the 1,000 French employees. 234: 150: 47: 4345: 4243: 4090: 3951:"Apple Created a Pseudo-Union to Defeat Organizers in Ohio, Complaint Claims" 3823: 3469: 2991: 2952: 1689: 1330: 542:". Strike demands included higher monthly bonus schemes of US$ 200, limiting 302:
Pegatron workers are not represented by any trade union, according to a 2015
6358: 6183: 6019: 5920: 5866: 5762: 5658: 5485: 5417: 5347: 5320: 5120: 5066: 5005: 4998: 4760: 4694: 4297:"Apple workers in Maryland vote for company's first unionized store in U.S." 4274: 4148: 4018: 4014:"Apple accused of union busting in its stores for the second time this week" 3782: 3261: 3228: 2252:"Neuer Betriebsrat: Apple-Beschäftigte kritisieren miese Arbeitsbedingungen" 1752: 1586: 1119: 1092: 1033: 1002: 713: 598: 535: 485: 451: 292: 2659:"Glasgow Apple store staff make history as the first in the UK to unionise" 2183: 1368: 1171:
Dying for an iPhone : Apple, Foxconn, and the lives of China's workers
1169: 4704: 3197:"Leaked Memo Reveals Apple's Anti-Union Talking Points for Store Managers" 1487: 6761: 6666: 6528: 6421: 6397: 6336: 6103: 5949: 5797: 5750: 5621: 5611: 5427: 5282: 5265: 5159: 5076: 5071: 4962: 4937: 3688: 3594: 2225: 1748:"Australian Workers Are the Latest International Apple Staff to Unionise" 1461: 1096: 1049: 967: 878: 717: 695: 654: 503: 403: 356: 284: 206: 170: 6876: 1812:"Apple's Two Faces: Power Gaps Between Brazil and China Foxconn Workers" 1676:"New Crack in Apple's Armor as Dozens Strike at Its Stores in Australia" 6682: 5805: 5726: 5305: 5295: 5260: 5142: 5091: 4972: 4945: 4680: 4478: 4399:"St. Louis Apple Store employees blame union for organizing withdrawal" 3027: 2157: 2122: 1973: 1720: 1618: 1322: 982: 951: 897: 893: 889: 658: 622: 507: 499: 491: 481: 463: 336: 280: 174: 166: 106: 101:(including union recognition) involving Apple occur indirectly through 37: 406:
debut in 2012, employees in French Apple retail stores voted to go on
5998: 5956: 5931: 5914: 5891: 5881: 5861: 5791: 5385: 5377: 5371: 5206: 5125: 5030: 4724: 4270:"Second Apple Store officially files petition to hold union election" 3778:"The First Apple Store in the United States Files for Union Election" 3289:"Apple Store Employees Talk Of Unionizing On 10th Retail Anniversary" 2495:"India: arrests made after Foxconn food poisoning protest in Chennai" 2345: 2184:"Apple Employees Strike on day of iPhone 5 Debut - video Dailymotion" 1614:"Apple supplier Wistron to restart India factory, still on probation" 1612:
Phartiyal, Sankalp; Ahmed, Aftab; Blanchard, Ben (February 9, 2021).
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Tan, Huileng; Kaplan, Juliana; Sundar, Sindhu (December 24, 2021).
1716:"Some Apple workers in Australia vote to strike over pay, benefits" 363:. Foxconn promised in 2013 with the help of FLA to prepare genuine 6133: 5627: 5447: 5390: 5360: 5238: 4403: 3810:"Apple Store Showdown: Inside the Battle for Union Representation" 2686:"Glasgow Apple store staff first branch in the UK to join a union" 2591: 1370:
Dying for an iPhone Apple, Foxconn and the Lives of Chinas Workers
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activity by Apple against organizers could "tarnish" their brand.
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indicate discontinued products, services, or defunct companies.
4827: 4653: 4493: 4431:"Apple Store Employees Chide Union in Rare Display of Pushback" 4077:"Workers at Apple's Grand Central store move toward unionizing" 3456:"Apple Together Brings Corporate Workers Into the Union Effort" 2555: 1272:"Apple Becomes First U.S. Company Worth More Than $ 2 Trillion" 5773: 5202: 4483: 4042:"Apple Store Workers in Kentucky Announce Organizing Campaign" 3850:"Apple Store Workers in Atlanta File for First Union Election" 3747: 3720: 3656: 2904:
University of Pennsylvania Journal of Labor and Employment Law
2316:[Apple Store Augsburg: Works Council is established]. 2254:[Apple employees criticize lousy working conditions]. 217:. Other unionized workers in Australia are represented by the 4823: 4464: 4230:"Apple store in Maryland becomes third to launch union drive" 3882:"First Apple store union vote set to start June 2 in Atlanta" 3494: 3353:"Apple Store Workers Share Why They Want to 'Work Different'" 3165:"Apple store unions could jeopardize its 'caring' reputation" 2809:"Inside the London Apple Store workers' unionization efforts" 1101:
International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers
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opened, Cory Moll launched the Apple Retail Workers Union in
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International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers
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Apple expanded in India by manufacturing iPhones through its
237:, Brazil, the first plant to focus exclusively on assembling 3558:"Apple retail workers are reportedly trying to form a union" 2285:[Apple employees in Hamburg elect a works council]. 2118:"Apple France workers call strike ahead of iPhone 15 launch" 1875:"Apple suppliers aim to resume full China production Monday" 4474: 3224:"Apple reportedly gives retail managers anti-union scripts" 3023:"Apple Lays Off 900, Sculley, Top Executives Take Pay Cuts" 1019:
On February 21, 2022, retail workers at the Apple store in
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In January 1990, following an announcement to cut employee
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Corrales, Roberto; Aguiar, Alberto R. (November 3, 2022).
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For the first time ever, in 2022, two stores unionized in
242: 4209:"Apple defeats union campaign at New Jersey retail store" 2556:"Italy: first company agreement for Apple Stores | EWCDB" 645:. UTAW claims to have members working in Apple stores in 2527:"Italian Apple Employees Strike Before iPhone 4S Launch" 2343:[Apple employees have elected a works council]. 2223:[All German Apple stores have a works council]. 1955: 637:
organized a day of action in two London Apple stores on
4367:"Apple Retail Store in St. Louis Drops Bid to Unionize" 3622:"Apple's frontline employees are struggling to survive" 3077:
Williams, Aaron (March 19, 1997). "Apple fires 4,100".
2777:"London Apple Store at White City unionizing with UTAW" 2153:"Some Apple Store France employees to strike on Friday" 6865: 3417:"Head of unofficial Apple retail labor union departs" 3321:"Apple Store Employee Calls For Retail Workers Union" 2056:
Students and Scholars Against Corporate Misbehaviour
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Workers in six Apple stores in Spain are members of
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mandatory. A third works council was elected in the
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Students and Scholars Against Corporate Misbehaviour
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Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores Metalúrgicos
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In 2012, Foxconn opened a second Foxconn factory in
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Shop, Distributive and Allied Employees Association
2221:"Alle deutschen Apple Stores bekommen Betriebsrat" 1956:"A Suicide Survivor: The Life of a Chinese Worker" 1240:"Apple was founded 46 years ago, on April 1, 1976" 916:workers, and several specific requests due to the 16:Apple Inc.-related worker organizations and unions 2401:"Pegatron to assemble iPhone 14 at Chennai plant" 2283:"Apple-Mitarbeiter in Hamburg wählen Betriebsrat" 2011:Hille, Kathrin; Jacob, Rahul (February 3, 2013). 3064:London School of Economics and Political Science 2369:"How trade unions drove away Apple from Chennai" 2084:Nova, Scott; Shapiro, Isaac (November 8, 2012). 1551:"Who Are Apple's iPhone Contract Manufacturers?" 892:in some retail stores and called for a consumer 835:In May 2011, exactly one decade after the first 259:in 2014 involving 3,700 workers, Foxconn made a 4144:"Another Apple Store union election is brewing" 2841:"Apple's US job footprint grows to 2.4 million" 2006: 2004: 2002: 1083:On May 3, 2022, Apple employees working at the 589:unions. Five of the stores are affiliated with 50:workers around the globe have been involved in 4228:Gregg, Aaron; Albergotti, Reed (May 3, 2022). 2341:"Apple Beschäftigte haben Betriebsrat gewählt" 2314:"Apple Store Augsburg: Betriebsrat steht fest" 677:Map of union election efforts at 10 different 4839: 4665: 4505: 4332:"Apple Store Workers Get First U.S. Contract" 333:dominated by management rather than workers. 32:in Hong Kong over labor rights violations in 28:protests in 2013 at the opening of the first 8: 1646:"Australia Apple Store workers go on strike" 690: 185:, and to a lesser extent, Foxconn plants in 1213:"Activists push Apple over work conditions" 339:made global headlines in 2010, when over a 6650: 6387: 6378: 5849: 5470: 5188: 4919: 4910: 4846: 4832: 4824: 4782:Wisconn Valley Science and Technology Park 4672: 4658: 4650: 4512: 4498: 4490: 3588:Ruiz-Grossman, Sarah (December 24, 2021). 2807:Stokel–Walker, Chris (December 20, 2022). 205:, went on strike over pay and benefits in 2367:Chandramouli, Rajesh (October 17, 2014). 1420:Downey, Rosellen "Rosie" (July 9, 2021). 665:Apple store workers unionized with UTAW. 438:Apple retail store. In an interview with 291:alone employs 350,000 Chinese workers in 2587:"Apple Retail Workers Unionize in Japan" 2151:Barzic, Gwenaelle (September 20, 2012). 1517:Petrova, Magdalena (December 14, 2018). 672: 7003:Labor relations in Georgia (U.S. state) 6872: 4175:Silberling, Amanda (October 15, 2022). 3776:Gurley, Lauren Kaori (April 20, 2022). 3714:O'Brien, Sara Ashley (April 29, 2022). 2525:Martinelli, Nicole (October 28, 2011). 1843:"Victory for Foxconn workers in Brazil" 1203: 1041:supporting Fruit Stand Workers United. 498:. Apple expanded production in 2019 in 4070: 4068: 3944: 3942: 3940: 3771: 3769: 3449: 3447: 3445: 3443: 3130:Albergotti, Reed (February 18, 2022). 3051: 3049: 3016: 3014: 3012: 2892: 2890: 2711:Stewart, Catriona (November 2, 2022). 2657:Stewart, Catriona (February 8, 2023). 2652: 2650: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2219:Loehne, Niedrige (November 11, 2012). 2041: 2039: 1669: 1667: 1044:In September 2022, workers at Apple's 1016:announced their union drive with CWA. 968:Campaign to Organize Digital Employees 709:" stance, to represent Apple in 2022. 434:in the country was established in the 181:in factories primarily located inside 4484:Official website: Foxconn Trade Union 4156:from the original on 2 September 2022 3519: 3517: 3515: 3195:Gurley, Lauren Kaori (May 12, 2022). 3144:from the original on 18 February 2022 3125: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3093:"Apple Reports First Quarter Results" 2775:Hilliard, Wesley (15 December 2022). 2214: 2212: 2210: 2146: 2144: 1450: 1448: 1270:Klebnikov, Sergei (August 19, 2020). 1027:, voted to affiliate themselves with 732:store in Maryland approved the first 450:. In December, retail workers at the 7: 6928:Labor relations in the United States 4470:Official website: Apple Retail Union 4142:Clark, Mitchell (1 September 2022). 3949:Eidelson, Josh (December 16, 2022). 3454:Harrington, Caitlin (May 13, 2022). 3383:Lowensohn, Josh (November 7, 2011). 3163:Howley, Daniel (February 18, 2022). 2821:from the original on January 7, 2023 2399:Sivapriyan, ETB (November 4, 2022). 1549:Moorhead, Patrick (April 13, 2019). 1415: 1413: 1252:from the original on January 6, 2023 1238:Gallagher, William (April 1, 2022). 753:who had previously organized around 728:(CWA) respectively. Workers at the 631:United Tech and Allied Workers Union 549:In 2013, three Italian trade unions 484:contract manufacturer, located near 241:. The Brazilian Metalworkers Union ( 4777:Longhua Science and Technology Park 4397:Wituschek, Joe (December 6, 2022). 4075:Albergotti, Reed (April 16, 2022). 3556:Rainey, Clint (February 18, 2022). 2684:Stewart, Catriona (June 10, 2022). 1961:New Technology, Work and Employment 1778:Taylor, Josh (September 21, 2022). 1746:Buckley, John (September 8, 2022). 1284:from the original on March 13, 2023 689:and across the west coast. In 1990 311:Foxconn Federation of Labour Unions 125: 87: 4365:Gurman, Mark (November 23, 2022). 4308:from the original on June 19, 2022 4115:Boxberger, Darryl (June 9, 2022). 3682:Schiffer, Zoe (December 9, 2021). 3650:Perez, Thalia (October 12, 2021). 3620:Schiffer, Zoe (November 1, 2021). 2867:Kullgren, Ian (October 17, 2022). 2431:Khan, Danish (December 29, 2021). 2013:"Foxconn plans Chinese union vote" 603:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo 203:Retail and Fast Food Workers Union 91: 14: 4429:Gurman, Mark (December 5, 2022). 4207:Wiessner, Daniel (May 13, 2024). 3415:Lowensohn, Josh (April 8, 2013). 3319:Poornima, Gupta (June 13, 2011). 2743:Gall, Richard (October 4, 2022). 1810:Chen, Michelle (April 17, 2012). 1644:Gallagher, William (2022-10-18). 1488:"Apple Retail Store - Store List" 964:Communications Workers of America 749:, workers on an internal network 726:Communications Workers of America 6983:Labor relations in New York City 6875: 6850: 6849: 4703: 4521:Multinational corporation unions 4465:Official website: Apple Together 3993:from the original on 17 May 2022 3848:Kullgren, Ian (April 20, 2022). 3741:Archie, Ayana (April 21, 2022). 3351:Eidelson, Josh (June 24, 2011). 3255:Schiffer, Zoe (April 25, 2022). 3236:from the original on 12 May 2022 3222:Clark, Mitchell (May 13, 2022). 2260:(in German). February 16, 2012. 1900:Jacobs, Harrison (May 7, 2018). 1674:Zhuang, Yan (October 18, 2022). 1211:Siu, Phila (February 27, 2013). 621:Apple store, one of two Apple's 617:Scotland, retail workers at the 4803:2011 Chengdu Foxconn explosion 4443:from the original on 2022-12-07 4411:from the original on 2022-12-20 4379:from the original on 2022-12-04 4268:Clark, Mitchell (May 4, 2022). 4250:from the original on 2022-05-23 4189:from the original on 2023-01-06 4097:from the original on 2022-04-24 4054:from the original on 2022-05-26 4012:Vincent, James (May 19, 2022). 3963:from the original on 2022-12-29 3926:from the original on 2022-10-25 3912:Eidelson, Josh (May 27, 2022). 3894:from the original on 2022-05-03 3862:from the original on 2022-04-22 3830:from the original on 2022-05-29 3790:from the original on 2022-04-22 3755:from the original on 2022-05-12 3696:from the original on 2021-12-24 3664:from the original on 2021-12-24 3632:from the original on 2022-02-24 3602:from the original on 2022-01-14 3570:from the original on 2022-02-25 3538:from the original on 2022-01-25 3501:from the original on 2022-02-18 3476:from the original on 2024-06-24 3429:from the original on 2021-08-29 3397:from the original on 2021-08-29 3365:from the original on 2021-10-02 3333:from the original on 2021-08-29 3301:from the original on 2021-10-02 3287:Brownlee, John (May 19, 2011). 3269:from the original on 2022-04-25 3177:from the original on 2022-02-20 3105:from the original on 2022-04-27 2998:from the original on 2022-11-15 2959:from the original on 2020-05-03 2915:from the original on 2023-03-13 2789:from the original on 2023-01-07 2757:from the original on 2023-01-07 2725:from the original on 2023-01-07 2636:from the original on 2022-11-15 2599:from the original on 2021-09-29 2568:from the original on 2023-09-30 2561:European Works Council Database 2537:from the original on 2021-08-29 2507:from the original on 2023-09-30 2476:from the original on 2023-09-30 2445:from the original on 2023-01-19 2413:from the original on 2022-12-20 2381:from the original on 2022-12-20 2295:from the original on 2024-06-17 2264:from the original on 2021-08-29 2233:from the original on 2021-08-29 2196:from the original on 2023-09-21 2165:from the original on 2021-08-29 2130:from the original on 2023-09-21 2116:De Clercq, Geert (2023-09-20). 2098:from the original on 2021-08-29 2066:from the original on 2021-09-08 2025:from the original on 2021-09-08 1988:from the original on 2024-07-14 1943:. October 22, 2015. p. 29. 1914:from the original on 2021-08-29 1855:from the original on 2021-08-29 1824:from the original on 2021-08-29 1792:from the original on 2022-11-15 1760:from the original on 2023-05-13 1728:from the original on 2023-05-27 1696:from the original on 2023-05-27 1626:from the original on 2021-07-15 1594:from the original on 2021-07-15 1563:from the original on 2021-07-15 1531:from the original on 2021-07-15 1499:from the original on 2011-02-15 1469:from the original on 2021-12-07 1455:Leswing, Kif (April 26, 2021). 1434:from the original on 2021-07-09 1399:from the original on 2021-10-05 1345:from the original on 2021-08-29 502:through contract manufacturers 476:Foxconn and unions § India 341:dozen workers committed suicide 274:Foxconn and unions § China 4574:Internet and Telecommunication 4295:Leswing, Kif (June 18, 2022). 4040:Kullgren, Ian (May 25, 2022). 3981:Schiffer, Zoe (May 17, 2022). 3808:Mickle, Tripp (May 29, 2022). 3021:Myers, Laura (June 20, 1991). 2349:(in German). 27 September 2013 2046:Chan, Jenny (September 2017). 1873:Wu, Debby (February 4, 2020). 1714:Kaye, Ron (October 11, 2022). 827:" stance, to represent Apple. 591:General Confederation of Labor 430:. In February 2012, the first 67: 1: 6978:Labor relations in New Jersey 6918:Labor relations in California 1068:controlled by the employer. 524:Centre of Indian Trade Unions 103:its suppliers and contractors 6040:Shazam Entertainment Limited 3880:Leswing, Kif (May 3, 2022). 3056:Honarvar, Roohollah (2015). 1937:Martin P. Catherwood Library 1008:On May 25, 2022, workers at 635:Communications Workers Union 633:(UTAW), affiliated with the 613:In June 2022, after joining 163:original design manufacturer 75: 6993:Labor relations in Kentucky 6988:Labor relations in Missouri 6973:Labor relations in Oklahoma 823:law firm, known for their " 705:law firm, known for their " 495: 295:to exclusively work on the 186: 114: 113:and to a lesser extent, in 97:The majority of industrial 71: 7024: 7008:Labor disputes in Maryland 6963:Labor relations by company 6943:Manufacturing trade unions 6938:Labor relations in Germany 1142:Google worker organization 1132:Amazon worker organization 981:. The store is located in 831:Apple Retail Workers Union 473: 271: 190: 182: 118: 110: 83: 79: 6953:Labour disputes in Brazil 6933:Labor relations in France 6839: 6305:Non-recruiting agreements 5291: 4861: 4787:Zhengzhou Technology Park 4701: 2939:"The Great Google Revolt" 2291:(in German). 2013-03-05. 2091:Economic Policy Institute 1038:unionize the coffee chain 994:captive audience meetings 841:San Francisco, California 546:and increasing staffing. 359:and the continued use of 353:Economic Policy Institute 326: 318: 289:Zhengzhou Technology Park 243: 223:Australian Services Union 6923:Labor relations in China 6903:Tech sector trade unions 6344:Depictions of Steve Jobs 2500:South China Morning Post 1218:South China Morning Post 972:unionize tech and gaming 661:. On December 12, 2022, 6998:Labor relations in Ohio 6913:Criticisms of companies 6908:Video game trade unions 2629:Business Insider España 1147:REI worker organization 1073:Short Hills, New Jersey 741:Employees for One Apple 691:Employees for One Apple 6315:FBI encryption dispute 4636:Aviation and transport 1303:Yusuf, Shahid (2015). 1021:Grand Central Terminal 884:On December 24, 2021, 862: 682: 414:negotiations stalled. 345:Fair Labor Association 136:Industrial composition 44: 5978:InVisage Technologies 2978:"Union Talk At Apple" 2937:(February 19, 2020). 2503:. December 20, 2021. 2472:. December 23, 2021. 1152:History of Apple Inc. 1095:sent a letter to CEO 934:Jacksonville, Florida 888:, the group staged a 860: 799:worker, Matt Herbst. 769:Cupertino, California 751:bulletin board system 676: 544:employee surveillance 512:special economic zone 456:General Works Council 448:collective agreements 412:collective bargaining 24: 6968:Apple Inc. employees 6792:Edgar S. Woolard Jr. 5985:The Keyboard Company 4876:Timeline of products 3035:on November 15, 2022 2288:Hamburger Abendblatt 1954:Chan, Jenny (2013). 1367:; Pun, Ngai (2020). 1168:; Pun, Ngai (2020). 1109:collective agreement 1014:Louisville, Kentucky 865:Apple Together is a 783:Unionization efforts 734:collective agreement 720:with the support of 681:in the United States 563:collective agreement 329:) is by and large a 261:collective agreement 6948:Retail trade unions 6310:Price-fixing ebooks 6144:Rockstar Consortium 4735:InnoLux Corporation 4730:Industrial Internet 4550:Samsung Electronics 4235:The Washington Post 3137:The Washington Post 2897:Hyde, Alan (2002). 2592:Tokyo General Union 1590:. August 29, 2019. 1174:. Haymarket Books. 1120:St. Louis, Missouri 1107:approved the first 1093:Baltimore, Maryland 1003:Manhattan, New York 948:The Solidarity Fund 861:Apple Together logo 601:is affiliated with 6661:Arthur D. Levinson 5756:Sign in with Apple 4720:Smart Technologies 4337:The New York Times 3815:The New York Times 3101:January 27, 2022. 2983:The New York Times 2944:The New York Times 2438:The Economic Times 2374:The Economic Times 1974:10.1111/NTWE.12007 1323:10.1111/ecge.12091 1310:Economic Geography 1061:Easton Town Center 999:World Trade Center 970:, CWA's effort to 958:Apple Retail Union 863: 804:Rutgers University 755:affirmative action 683: 663:White City, London 347:(FLA), a US based 179:Compal Electronics 45: 6863: 6862: 6835: 6834: 6805: 6804: 6638: 6637: 6595:Peter Oppenheimer 6418:(General Counsel) 6327:iOS app approvals 6152: 6151: 5841: 5840: 5460: 5459: 5456: 5455: 5178: 5177: 4821: 4820: 4740:Sharp Corporation 4647: 4646: 2986:. June 20, 1991. 2691:The Glasgow Times 1941:China Labor Watch 1880:Los Angeles Times 1384:978-1-78680-625-3 1181:978-1-64259-204-7 918:COVID-19 pandemic 821:Littler Mendelson 762:corporate culture 703:Littler Mendelson 595:Passeig de Gràcia 593:(CGT), while the 561:signed the first 304:China Labor Watch 54:since the 1990s. 7015: 6880: 6879: 6871: 6853: 6852: 6787:Michael Spindler 6737:Fred D. Anderson 6651: 6600:Mark Papermaster 6550:Guerrino De Luca 6540:Fred D. Anderson 6511:Michael Spindler 6437:John Giannandrea 6388: 6379: 5887:Braeburn Capital 5850: 5471: 5189: 4920: 4911: 4848: 4841: 4834: 4825: 4808:Foxconn suicides 4707: 4674: 4667: 4660: 4651: 4514: 4507: 4500: 4491: 4452: 4451: 4449: 4448: 4426: 4420: 4419: 4417: 4416: 4394: 4388: 4387: 4385: 4384: 4362: 4356: 4355: 4353: 4352: 4324: 4318: 4317: 4315: 4313: 4292: 4286: 4285: 4283: 4282: 4265: 4259: 4258: 4256: 4255: 4225: 4219: 4218: 4204: 4198: 4197: 4195: 4194: 4172: 4166: 4165: 4163: 4161: 4139: 4133: 4132: 4130: 4129: 4112: 4106: 4105: 4103: 4102: 4072: 4063: 4062: 4060: 4059: 4037: 4031: 4030: 4028: 4026: 4009: 4003: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3978: 3972: 3971: 3969: 3968: 3946: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3931: 3909: 3903: 3902: 3900: 3899: 3877: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3867: 3845: 3839: 3838: 3836: 3835: 3805: 3799: 3798: 3796: 3795: 3773: 3764: 3763: 3761: 3760: 3738: 3732: 3731: 3729: 3728: 3711: 3705: 3704: 3702: 3701: 3679: 3673: 3672: 3670: 3669: 3647: 3641: 3640: 3638: 3637: 3617: 3611: 3610: 3608: 3607: 3585: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3575: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3543: 3531:Business Insider 3521: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3506: 3495:"Apple Together" 3491: 3485: 3484: 3482: 3481: 3451: 3438: 3437: 3435: 3434: 3412: 3406: 3405: 3403: 3402: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3370: 3348: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3338: 3316: 3310: 3309: 3307: 3306: 3284: 3278: 3277: 3275: 3274: 3252: 3246: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3219: 3213: 3212: 3210: 3209: 3192: 3186: 3185: 3183: 3182: 3160: 3154: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3127: 3114: 3113: 3111: 3110: 3089: 3083: 3082: 3081:. pp. 1, 8. 3074: 3068: 3067: 3053: 3044: 3043: 3041: 3040: 3031:. 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Wagner 6693:Ronald D. Sugar 6645: 6634: 6610:Bertrand Serlet 6580:Nancy R. Heinen 6535:Angela Ahrendts 6481: 6457:Deirdre O'Brien 6427:Craig Federighi 6416:Katherine Adams 6370: 6217:Right to repair 6177:Think different 6148: 6075: 6027:Power Computing 5896: 5837: 5739: 5694: 5651: 5645: 5600: 5594:MLS Season Pass 5495: 5452: 5316:Developer Tools 5311:Core Foundation 5287: 5194: 5174: 5109: 5086: 5053: 5025: 4977: 4900: 4857: 4852: 4822: 4817: 4791: 4765: 4744: 4708: 4699: 4683: 4678: 4648: 4643: 4631: 4615:Food and drinks 4610: 4569: 4523: 4518: 4475:AppleCore Union 4461: 4456: 4455: 4446: 4444: 4428: 4427: 4423: 4414: 4412: 4396: 4395: 4391: 4382: 4380: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4350: 4348: 4326: 4325: 4321: 4311: 4309: 4294: 4293: 4289: 4280: 4278: 4267: 4266: 4262: 4253: 4251: 4227: 4226: 4222: 4206: 4205: 4201: 4192: 4190: 4174: 4173: 4169: 4159: 4157: 4141: 4140: 4136: 4127: 4125: 4114: 4113: 4109: 4100: 4098: 4082:Washington Post 4074: 4073: 4066: 4057: 4055: 4039: 4038: 4034: 4024: 4022: 4011: 4010: 4006: 3996: 3994: 3980: 3979: 3975: 3966: 3964: 3948: 3947: 3938: 3929: 3927: 3911: 3910: 3906: 3897: 3895: 3879: 3878: 3874: 3865: 3863: 3847: 3846: 3842: 3833: 3831: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3793: 3791: 3775: 3774: 3767: 3758: 3756: 3740: 3739: 3735: 3726: 3724: 3713: 3712: 3708: 3699: 3697: 3681: 3680: 3676: 3667: 3665: 3649: 3648: 3644: 3635: 3633: 3619: 3618: 3614: 3605: 3603: 3587: 3586: 3582: 3573: 3571: 3555: 3554: 3550: 3541: 3539: 3523: 3522: 3513: 3504: 3502: 3493: 3492: 3488: 3479: 3477: 3453: 3452: 3441: 3432: 3430: 3414: 3413: 3409: 3400: 3398: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3368: 3366: 3350: 3349: 3345: 3336: 3334: 3326:Huffington Post 3318: 3317: 3313: 3304: 3302: 3286: 3285: 3281: 3272: 3270: 3254: 3253: 3249: 3239: 3237: 3221: 3220: 3216: 3207: 3205: 3194: 3193: 3189: 3180: 3178: 3162: 3161: 3157: 3147: 3145: 3129: 3128: 3117: 3108: 3106: 3091: 3090: 3086: 3076: 3075: 3071: 3055: 3054: 3047: 3038: 3036: 3020: 3019: 3010: 3001: 2999: 2976: 2975: 2971: 2962: 2960: 2932: 2931: 2927: 2918: 2916: 2896: 2895: 2888: 2879: 2877: 2866: 2865: 2861: 2852: 2850: 2839: 2838: 2834: 2824: 2822: 2806: 2805: 2801: 2792: 2790: 2774: 2773: 2769: 2760: 2758: 2742: 2741: 2737: 2728: 2726: 2718:Herald Scotland 2710: 2709: 2705: 2696: 2694: 2683: 2682: 2678: 2669: 2667: 2664:Herald Scotland 2656: 2655: 2648: 2639: 2637: 2621: 2620: 2611: 2602: 2600: 2585: 2584: 2580: 2571: 2569: 2554: 2553: 2549: 2540: 2538: 2524: 2523: 2519: 2510: 2508: 2493: 2492: 2488: 2479: 2477: 2462: 2461: 2457: 2448: 2446: 2430: 2429: 2425: 2416: 2414: 2398: 2397: 2393: 2384: 2382: 2366: 2365: 2361: 2352: 2350: 2339: 2338: 2334: 2325: 2323: 2312: 2311: 2307: 2298: 2296: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2267: 2265: 2250: 2249: 2245: 2236: 2234: 2218: 2217: 2208: 2199: 2197: 2182: 2181: 2177: 2168: 2166: 2150: 2149: 2142: 2133: 2131: 2115: 2114: 2110: 2101: 2099: 2083: 2082: 2078: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2050: 2045: 2044: 2037: 2028: 2026: 2018:Financial Times 2010: 2009: 2000: 1991: 1989: 1953: 1952: 1948: 1931: 1930: 1926: 1917: 1915: 1899: 1898: 1894: 1885: 1883: 1872: 1871: 1867: 1858: 1856: 1841: 1840: 1836: 1827: 1825: 1809: 1808: 1804: 1795: 1793: 1777: 1776: 1772: 1763: 1761: 1745: 1744: 1740: 1731: 1729: 1713: 1712: 1708: 1699: 1697: 1673: 1672: 1665: 1656: 1654: 1643: 1642: 1638: 1629: 1627: 1611: 1610: 1606: 1597: 1595: 1587:Tech2 Firstpost 1580: 1579: 1575: 1566: 1564: 1548: 1547: 1543: 1534: 1532: 1516: 1515: 1511: 1502: 1500: 1486: 1485: 1481: 1472: 1470: 1454: 1453: 1446: 1437: 1435: 1419: 1418: 1411: 1402: 1400: 1385: 1362: 1361: 1357: 1348: 1346: 1302: 1301: 1297: 1287: 1285: 1269: 1268: 1264: 1255: 1253: 1237: 1236: 1232: 1223: 1221: 1210: 1209: 1205: 1200: 1182: 1163: 1160: 1158:Further reading 1128: 1118:Apple store in 1105:bargaining unit 1081: 987:Cumberland Mall 960: 875:Janneke Parrish 855: 833: 785: 743: 671: 619:Buchanan Street 611: 583: 571: 540:Think Different 532: 478: 472: 462:Apple store in 440:Manager Magazin 424: 381: 276: 270: 231: 199: 138: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7021: 7019: 7011: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6890: 6889: 6885: 6884: 6861: 6860: 6858: 6857: 6847: 6840: 6837: 6836: 6833: 6832: 6830: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6813: 6811: 6807: 6806: 6803: 6802: 6800: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6762:Robert A. Iger 6759: 6754: 6749: 6747:Mickey Drexler 6744: 6739: 6734: 6729: 6723: 6717: 6710: 6708: 6704: 6703: 6701: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6664: 6657: 6655: 6648: 6640: 6639: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6632: 6627: 6622: 6617: 6612: 6607: 6605:Jon Rubinstein 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6570:Scott Forstall 6567: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6547: 6542: 6537: 6532: 6526: 6520: 6514: 6508: 6502: 6496: 6489: 6487: 6483: 6482: 6480: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6432:Isabel Ge Mahe 6429: 6424: 6419: 6413: 6407: 6401: 6394: 6392: 6385: 6376: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6368: 6363: 6362: 6361: 6356: 6346: 6341: 6340: 6339: 6329: 6324: 6323: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6292: 6291: 6290: 6280: 6279: 6278: 6268: 6267: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6246: 6241: 6240: 6239: 6234: 6226: 6225: 6224: 6219: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6198: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6180: 6173: 6160: 6158: 6154: 6153: 6150: 6149: 6147: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6108: 6107: 6100: 6085: 6083: 6077: 6076: 6074: 6073: 6072: 6071: 6063: 6062: 6061: 6054: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6030: 6023: 6016: 6009: 6002: 5995: 5988: 5981: 5974: 5967: 5960: 5953: 5946: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5917: 5906: 5904: 5898: 5897: 5895: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5858: 5856: 5847: 5843: 5842: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5835: 5834: 5833: 5828: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5802: 5801: 5789: 5788: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5765: 5760: 5759: 5758: 5747: 5745: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5737: 5730: 5723: 5718: 5716:Certifications 5713: 5708: 5702: 5700: 5696: 5695: 5693: 5692: 5691: 5690: 5680: 5679: 5678: 5668: 5667: 5666: 5655: 5653: 5647: 5646: 5644: 5643: 5638: 5637: 5636: 5631: 5619: 5614: 5608: 5606: 5602: 5601: 5599: 5598: 5597: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5576: 5571: 5570: 5569: 5557: 5556: 5555: 5550: 5543: 5536: 5531: 5524: 5514: 5509: 5503: 5501: 5497: 5496: 5494: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5477: 5475: 5468: 5462: 5461: 5458: 5457: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5409: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5388: 5383: 5382: 5381: 5374: 5369: 5357: 5356: 5355: 5345: 5344: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5292: 5289: 5288: 5286: 5285: 5280: 5277:Classic Mac OS 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5252: 5251: 5246: 5236: 5235: 5234: 5229: 5227:iPadOS history 5224: 5219: 5214: 5199: 5197: 5186: 5180: 5179: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5151: 5150: 5140: 5139: 5138: 5128: 5123: 5117: 5115: 5111: 5110: 5108: 5107: 5102: 5096: 5094: 5088: 5087: 5085: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5063: 5061: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5035: 5033: 5027: 5026: 5024: 5023: 5016: 5009: 5002: 4995: 4987: 4985: 4979: 4978: 4976: 4975: 4970: 4965: 4960: 4959: 4958: 4953: 4943: 4942: 4941: 4928: 4926: 4917: 4908: 4902: 4901: 4899: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4862: 4859: 4858: 4853: 4851: 4850: 4843: 4836: 4828: 4819: 4818: 4816: 4815: 4810: 4805: 4799: 4797: 4793: 4792: 4790: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4773: 4771: 4767: 4766: 4764: 4763: 4758: 4756:EnTourage eDGe 4752: 4750: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4716: 4714: 4710: 4709: 4702: 4700: 4698: 4697: 4691: 4689: 4685: 4684: 4679: 4677: 4676: 4669: 4662: 4654: 4645: 4644: 4639: 4637: 4633: 4632: 4630: 4629: 4624: 4618: 4616: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4577: 4575: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4531: 4529: 4525: 4524: 4519: 4517: 4516: 4509: 4502: 4494: 4488: 4487: 4481: 4472: 4467: 4460: 4459:External links 4457: 4454: 4453: 4436:Bloomberg News 4421: 4389: 4372:Bloomberg News 4357: 4330:(2024-08-07). 4328:Scheiber, Noam 4319: 4287: 4260: 4220: 4199: 4167: 4134: 4107: 4064: 4032: 4004: 3973: 3956:Bloomberg News 3936: 3919:Bloomberg News 3904: 3872: 3840: 3800: 3765: 3733: 3706: 3674: 3642: 3612: 3580: 3548: 3511: 3486: 3439: 3407: 3375: 3358:In These Times 3343: 3311: 3279: 3247: 3214: 3187: 3155: 3115: 3084: 3069: 3062:(PhD thesis). 3045: 3008: 2969: 2935:Scheiber, Noam 2933:Conger, Kate; 2925: 2886: 2859: 2832: 2799: 2767: 2735: 2703: 2676: 2646: 2632:(in Spanish). 2609: 2595:. 2014-12-18. 2578: 2564:. 2013-11-06. 2547: 2517: 2486: 2455: 2423: 2391: 2359: 2332: 2305: 2274: 2243: 2206: 2192:. 2012-09-21. 2175: 2140: 2108: 2076: 2035: 1998: 1946: 1924: 1892: 1865: 1851:. 2014-09-29. 1834: 1817:In These Times 1802: 1770: 1738: 1706: 1681:New York Times 1663: 1636: 1604: 1573: 1541: 1509: 1479: 1444: 1409: 1383: 1355: 1317:(3): 389–391. 1295: 1262: 1230: 1202: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1194: 1180: 1159: 1156: 1155: 1154: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1137:IBM and unions 1134: 1127: 1124: 1080: 1077: 1057:Columbus, Ohio 1036:, was helping 1029:Workers United 959: 956: 854: 853:Apple Together 851: 832: 829: 784: 781: 747:profit sharing 742: 739: 670: 667: 629:In July 2022, 610: 609:United Kingdom 607: 582: 579: 570: 567: 531: 528: 471: 468: 423: 420: 380: 377: 365:representative 361:underage labor 287:. The Foxconn 269: 266: 239:Apple products 230: 227: 198: 195: 143:Silicon Valley 137: 134: 126:Apple Together 99:labor disputes 88:United Kingdom 64:works councils 62:and or formed 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7020: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6895: 6893: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6869: 6856: 6848: 6845: 6842: 6841: 6838: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6822:Steve Wozniak 6820: 6818: 6815: 6814: 6812: 6808: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6782:Michael Scott 6780: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6757:Larry Ellison 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6742:Bill Campbell 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6727: 6724: 6721: 6718: 6715: 6714:Mike Markkula 6712: 6711: 6709: 6705: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6673:James A. Bell 6671: 6668: 6665: 6662: 6659: 6658: 6656: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6641: 6631: 6630:Steve Wozniak 6628: 6626: 6625:Avie Tevanian 6623: 6621: 6620:Sina Tamaddon 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6575:Ellen Hancock 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6530: 6527: 6524: 6521: 6518: 6515: 6512: 6509: 6506: 6503: 6500: 6499:Mike Markkula 6497: 6494: 6493:Michael Scott 6491: 6490: 6488: 6484: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6467:Phil Schiller 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6417: 6414: 6411: 6408: 6405: 6404:Jeff Williams 6402: 6399: 6396: 6395: 6393: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6380: 6377: 6373: 6367: 6364: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6351: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6338: 6335: 6334: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6297: 6296: 6293: 6289: 6286: 6285: 6284: 6281: 6277: 6274: 6273: 6272: 6269: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6251: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6229: 6228:Headquarters 6227: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6214: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6185: 6181: 6178: 6174: 6171: 6167: 6166: 6165: 6162: 6161: 6159: 6155: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6129: 6128:Digital Ocean 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6106: 6105: 6101: 6099: 6098: 6094: 6093: 6092: 6091: 6087: 6086: 6084: 6082: 6078: 6070: 6067: 6066: 6064: 6060: 6059: 6055: 6053: 6052: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6035: 6031: 6029: 6028: 6024: 6022: 6021: 6017: 6015: 6014: 6010: 6008: 6007: 6003: 6001: 6000: 5996: 5994: 5993: 5989: 5987: 5986: 5982: 5980: 5979: 5975: 5973: 5972: 5968: 5966: 5965: 5961: 5959: 5958: 5954: 5952: 5951: 5947: 5945: 5944: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5922: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5912: 5911: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5899: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5872:Apple Studios 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5859: 5857: 5855: 5851: 5848: 5844: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5823: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5800: 5799: 5795: 5794: 5793: 5790: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5775: 5771: 5770: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5757: 5754: 5753: 5752: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5742: 5736: 5735: 5731: 5729: 5728: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5703: 5701: 5697: 5689: 5686: 5685: 5684: 5681: 5677: 5674: 5673: 5672: 5669: 5665: 5662: 5661: 5660: 5657: 5656: 5654: 5652:digital sales 5648: 5642: 5639: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5629: 5625: 5624: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5617:Walkie-Talkie 5615: 5613: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5605:Communication 5603: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5581: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5568: 5567: 5563: 5562: 5561: 5558: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5548: 5544: 5542: 5541: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5529: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5519: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505: 5504: 5502: 5498: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 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Index


SACOM
Apple Store
its supplier
Foxconn
Wintek
Apple Inc.
organizing
trade unions
works councils
Australia
France
Germany
Italy
Japan
United Kingdom
United States
labor disputes
its suppliers and contractors
Foxconn
China
Brazil
India
Apple Together
solidarity union
Silicon Valley
flexible scaling
Apple Park
Apple stores
original design manufacturer

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