415:. These skills include an understanding of application modularization/distribution, integration, high availability, and scalability patterns, technology and trends. Increasingly, an understanding of application containers, serverless computing, storage, data and analytics, and other cloud-related technology and services are required application architect skills. While a software background is a great foundation for an application architect, programming and software design are not skills required of an application architect (these are actually skills for a Software Architect, who is a leader on the
450:, systems, tools, regulations and structure and how they interrelate to provide products and services that create value for customers, consumers and key stakeholders. Understanding of how the value create for customers, consumers and key stakeholders aligns with organization's vision, business, culture, value proposition, brand promise and strategic imperatives. Understanding of organization's past and present achievements and shortcomings to assess strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and risks in relation to the competitive environment.
33:
396:(behavioural pattern): An application integration pattern for exchanging data where the application requests data from another application and waits for a reply containing the requested data. This is the most prominent example of a synchronous pattern, in contrast to the asynchronous processing referred to in previous pattern descriptions.
474:, ensures that all hardware and software comply with baseline requirements and standards before being integrated into the business environment, understands and is able to develop technical standards and procedures to facilitate the use of new technologies, develops useful guidelines for using and applying new technologies.
431:
Employs modeling as a framework for the deployment and integration of new or enhanced applications, uses modeling to find problems, reduce risk, improve predictability, reduce cost and time-to-market, tests various product scenarios, incorporating clients' nonfunctional needs/requirements, adds test
542:
Every organization has a core set of applications that are used across multiple divisions either as a single instance or a different instance per division. Create a solution architecture template for all the core applications so that all the projects have a common starting ground for designing
445:
Understanding of the global marketplace, consumers, industries and competition, and how global business models, strategies, finances, operations and structures interrelate. Understanding of the competitive environment, including current trend in the market, industry, competition and regulatory
483:
An applications architect is a master of everything application-specific in an organization. An applications architect provides strategic guidelines to the applications maintenance teams by understanding all the applications from the following perspectives:
390:(behavioural pattern): An application process pattern for extracting data from an originating source, transforming that data according to some business rules, and then loading that data into a destination. Variations on the ETL pattern include ELT and ETLT.
379:
or clock) and event detection logic which may conditionally discard the event, initiate an event-related process, alert a user or device manager, or update a data store. The event-driven pattern is fundamental to the asynchronous processing required by the
522:
The above analysis will point out applications that need a range of changes – from change in deployment strategy for fragmented applications to a total replacement for applications at the end of their technology or functionality lifecycle.
289:(structural pattern): an application that exists only on a single computer, typically a desktop. One can, of course have the same desktop application on many computers, but they do not interact with one another (with rare exceptions).
248:
Application patterns can describe structural (deployment/distribution-related) or behavioural (process flow or interaction/integration-related) characteristics and an application architecture may leverage one or a mix of patterns.
242:, mostly reusable, which can be utilized to create certain functions. Patterns are a way of putting building blocks into context and describe how to use the building blocks to address one or multiple architectural concerns.
446:
environment, as well as understanding of how the components of business model (i.e. strategy, finances, operations) interrelate to make organization competitive in the marketplace. Understanding of organization's
460:, development lifecycle and application/infrastructure maintenance; Understanding of IT service and support processes to promote competitive advantage, create efficiencies and add value to the business.
534:
Many organizations do not have documentation discipline and hence lack detailed business process flows and system process flows. One may have to start an initiative to put those in place first.
531:
Understand the system process flow of the primary business processes. It gives a clear picture of the functionality map and the applications footprint of various applications across the map.
357:(structural pattern): a pattern for running multiple copies of server functions on multiple computers in such a way that increasing processing load can be spread across increasing numbers of
106:
used in a business, focused on how they interact with each other and with users. It is focused on the data consumed and produced by applications rather than their internal structure.
274:
Despite the plethora of patterns that have been published, there are relatively few patterns that can be thought of as "industry standard". Some of the best-known of these include:
317:(structural pattern): an extension of the client-server pattern, where the server functions are split into multiple layers, which are distributed onto different computers across a
199:
If an organization is a manufacturing organization with fast growth plans through acquisitions, the applications architecture should be nimble enough to encompass inherited
621:
184:
One not only needs to understand and manage the dynamics of the functionalities the composite architecture is implementing but also help formulate the
245:
An application is a compilation of various functionalities, all typically following the same pattern. This pattern defines the application's pattern.
598:
Systems and software engineering — Architecture description is an international standard for architecture descriptions of systems and software.
196:
Applications architecture strategy involves ensuring the applications and the integration align with the growth strategy of the organization.
653:
547:
611:
162:
Applications architecture tries to ensure the suite of applications being used by an organization to create the composite architecture is
340:
311:. In contrast to desktop applications (which are single-user), client-server applications are almost always multi-user applications.
756:
729:
616:
110:
576:
260:" (GoF) though many of their patterns are "software architecture" patterns rather than "application architecture" patterns.
188:
strategy and keep an eye out for technological risks that could jeopardize the growth and/or operations of the organization.
50:
358:
669:
403:
An organization could have a mix of multiple patterns if it has grown both organically and through acquisitions.
148:
in terms of functional coverage. This helps identify any integration problems or gaps in functional coverage.
435:
218:
292:
177:
Applications architecture defines how multiple applications are poised to work together. It is different from
400:
The right applications pattern depends on the organization's industry and use of the component applications.
500:
167:
91:
604:
a superseded IEEE Standard for describing the architecture of a "software-intensive system", also known as
267:
is a well-known author of various types of patterns, and most of the large software tools vendors, such as
559:
362:
133:
605:
551:
509:
471:
381:
344:
212:
178:
565:
There are also other standards to consider, depending on the level of complexity of the organization:
467:
710:
416:
300:
296:
286:
224:
129:
103:
361:
of the functions rather than having to re-deploy the functions on larger, more powerful computers.
185:
152:
137:
87:
75:
686:
339:
attributes because the server functions must be designed to be more autonomous and function in an
336:
328:
318:
114:
646:
Enterprise
Architecture Planning: Developing a Blueprint for Data, Applications, and Technology
649:
570:
555:
439:
332:
308:
234:"an idea that has been useful in one practical context and will probably be useful in others”.
488:
447:
432:
design decisions to the development process as necessary, evaluates product design problems.
304:
253:
670:"Reference Model for ISEB Certificates in Enterprise and Solution Architecture Version 3.0"
348:
331:): an extension of the n-tier pattern where the server functions are distributed across a
257:
122:
118:
17:
750:
641:
595:
372:
200:
159:, a potential to disrupt the business as a consequence of a technological failure.
504:
470:
which form the infrastructure necessary to effectively support existing and future
171:
238:
To create patterns, one needs building blocks. Building blocks are components of
495:
457:
282:
163:
371:(behavioural pattern): Data events (which may have initially originated from a
376:
343:
dialog with the other functions in order to deal with potentially-significant
264:
223:
Applications can be classified in various types depending on the applications
151:
A migration plan can then be drawn up for systems which are at the end of the
145:
601:
268:
239:
141:
43:
711:"Phase C: Information Systems Architectures - Application Architecture"
299:(user-facing) layer running as a rich client that communicates to a
252:
The idea of patterns has been around almost since the beginning of
411:
TOGAF describes both the skills and the role expectations of an
295:/2-tier (structural pattern): an application that consists of a
181:, which deals with technical designs of how a system is built.
26:
128:
The applications architecture is specified on the basis of
546:
The standards in architecture world are defined in TOGAF,
102:
An applications architecture describes the behavior of
54:
365:are fundamentally-based on horizontal scalability.
136:. This involves defining the interaction between
335:(WAN) or cloud. This pattern also include some
256:, but it was most famously popularized by the "
271:, have published extensive pattern libraries.
49:There might be a discussion about this on the
550:describes the four components of EA as BDAT (
466:Demonstrates a thorough understanding of the
8:
622:High-availability application architecture
203:as well as other large competing systems.
303:(server) which provides business logic,
119:functional quality and technical quality
633:
538:Create solution architecture guidelines
548:The Open Group Architecture Framework
7:
612:IBM Systems Application Architecture
25:
230:A "pattern" has been defined as:
617:Enterprise architecture planning
115:business functions and processes
111:application portfolio management
31:
728:Hunter, Roy; Rasmussen, Brian.
577:Federal enterprise architecture
558:, Application Architecture and
1:
113:, applications are mapped to
90:that form the pillars of an
730:"Applications Architecture"
773:
687:"Application Architecture"
648:. Boston, QED Pub. Group.
347:that can occur in WAN and
216:
210:
42:contain a large number of
369:event-driven architecture
363:Cloud-native applications
123:assess the value provided
80:applications architecture
436:Competitive intelligence
382:distributed architecture
263:In addition to the GoF,
219:Software design patterns
84:application architecture
40:This article appears to
18:Application Architecture
757:Enterprise architecture
527:Functionality footprint
155:or which have inherent
134:functional requirements
92:enterprise architecture
560:Technical architecture
355:horizontal scalability
644:; S. C. Hill (1992).
606:software architecture
552:Business architecture
510:Application lifecycle
472:business requirements
413:Application architect
407:Application architect
375:, application, user,
351:deployment scenarios.
217:Further information:
213:Architectural pattern
179:software architecture
463:Technology standards
442:, strategic analysis
428:Application modeling
417:computer programming
225:architecture pattern
138:application packages
88:architecture domains
55:improve this article
691:Gartner IT Glossary
518:Number of instances
515:Technological risks
337:behavioural pattern
287:desktop application
157:technological risks
153:software life cycle
76:information systems
448:business processes
329:structural pattern
319:local-area network
307:, integration and
146:middleware systems
117:as well as costs,
86:is one of several
655:978-0-471-59985-2
571:Zachman Framework
556:Data architecture
543:implementations.
456:Understanding of
440:business modeling
423:Knowledge domains
333:wide-area network
72:
71:
16:(Redirected from
764:
743:
741:
740:
724:
722:
721:
702:
701:
699:
698:
683:
677:
676:
674:
666:
660:
659:
638:
494:Performance and
489:Interoperability
468:key technologies
254:computer science
174:and manageable.
67:
64:
58:
35:
34:
27:
21:
772:
771:
767:
766:
765:
763:
762:
761:
747:
746:
738:
736:
727:
719:
717:
709:
706:
705:
696:
694:
685:
684:
680:
672:
668:
667:
663:
656:
640:
639:
635:
630:
592:
586:
540:
529:
481:
425:
409:
221:
215:
209:
194:
109:By example, in
100:
68:
62:
59:
48:
36:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
770:
768:
760:
759:
749:
748:
745:
744:
725:
704:
703:
678:
661:
654:
632:
631:
629:
626:
625:
624:
619:
614:
609:
599:
591:
588:
584:
583:
580:
574:
539:
536:
528:
525:
520:
519:
516:
513:
507:
498:
492:
480:
477:
476:
475:
464:
461:
454:
451:
443:
433:
429:
424:
421:
408:
405:
398:
397:
391:
385:
366:
352:
322:
312:
290:
211:Main article:
208:
205:
201:legacy systems
193:
190:
99:
96:
70:
69:
53:. Please help
39:
37:
30:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
769:
758:
755:
754:
752:
735:
731:
726:
716:
712:
708:
707:
692:
688:
682:
679:
671:
665:
662:
657:
651:
647:
643:
642:Steven Spewak
637:
634:
627:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
607:
603:
600:
597:
596:ISO/IEC 42010
594:
593:
589:
587:
581:
578:
575:
572:
568:
567:
566:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
544:
537:
535:
532:
526:
524:
517:
514:
511:
508:
506:
502:
499:
497:
493:
490:
487:
486:
485:
478:
473:
469:
465:
462:
459:
455:
452:
449:
444:
441:
437:
434:
430:
427:
426:
422:
420:
418:
414:
406:
404:
401:
395:
394:Request-Reply
392:
389:
386:
383:
378:
374:
370:
367:
364:
360:
356:
353:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
323:
320:
316:
313:
310:
309:data services
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:client-server
291:
288:
284:
280:
277:
276:
275:
272:
270:
266:
261:
259:
255:
250:
246:
243:
241:
236:
235:
231:
228:
227:they follow.
226:
220:
214:
206:
204:
202:
197:
191:
189:
187:
182:
180:
175:
173:
169:
165:
160:
158:
154:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
107:
105:
97:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
66:
56:
52:
46:
45:
38:
29:
28:
19:
737:. Retrieved
733:
718:. Retrieved
714:
695:. Retrieved
693:. 2012-02-09
690:
681:
675:. bcs. 2010.
664:
645:
636:
585:
564:
545:
541:
533:
530:
521:
505:availability
482:
412:
410:
402:
399:
393:
387:
368:
354:
341:asynchronous
324:
314:
283:thick client
278:
273:
262:
258:Gang of Four
251:
247:
244:
237:
233:
232:
229:
222:
198:
195:
183:
176:
161:
156:
150:
127:
121:in order to
108:
104:applications
101:
83:
79:
73:
60:
41:
501:Reliability
496:scalability
458:IT strategy
325:distributed
279:single-tier
57:if you can.
739:2017-07-26
720:2017-07-26
697:2017-07-26
628:References
491:capability
453:Technology
377:data store
265:Thomas Erl
186:deployment
63:April 2014
715:TOGAF 9.1
602:IEEE 1471
359:instances
297:front-end
269:Microsoft
172:available
142:databases
51:talk page
44:buzzwords
751:Category
590:See also
384:pattern.
305:workflow
301:back-end
240:software
207:Patterns
192:Strategy
168:reliable
164:scalable
130:business
582:Gartner
419:team).
345:latency
734:Oracle
652:
573:for EA
373:device
321:(LAN).
315:n-tier
144:, and
94:(EA).
673:(PDF)
579:(FEA)
512:stage
479:Tasks
349:cloud
98:Scope
650:ISBN
569:The
503:and
132:and
388:ETL
82:or
74:In
753::
732:.
713:.
689:.
562:,
554:,
438:,
170:,
166:,
140:,
125:.
78:,
742:.
723:.
700:.
658:.
608:.
327:(
285:/
281:/
65:)
61:(
47:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.