30:
2176:
4408:
4418:
2060:
3289:
3275:
2565:
sepulchral megaliths of basalt rocks with remains of the dead 10 km (6.2 mi) northwest of Nagpur, Mahurjhari Stone
Circles with are 200 megalithic stone circles 15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of Nagpur, Naikund with evidence of iron smelting 35 km (22 mi) north of Nagpur,
2475:: used for burial. Many of these sites are associated with burial or post burial rituals which may have been connected with ancestor worship, including memorials for those whose remains may or may not be available. There is another distinct class of megaliths that are not associated with burials.
2572:
Stone
Circles in Nagpur, connected to both Junapani and Mahurzari civilisation, are India's largest stone circle and it has the highest number of circular stones in India. Kherwadi in Wardha district has 1500 cairns burials, which are connected to Gorewada burial ground.
2121:
were produced by sailors and travelers in the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries CE. Some of these accounts included ground plans and drawings of the buildings, however they lacked any historical discussion of their origins, with the exception of several references to
2116:
One of the earliest non-Indian scholars to take an interest in the archaeology of the Indian subcontinent were
Western European travelers in the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries. The earliest European written accounts of India's ancient monuments and
2786:
Analysis and mapping of this site has shown it to be even larger than
Mohenjo Daro. Radiocarbon dating was used at this site to analyze soil samples. The results showed that the soil samples were dated back to the millennium of 2000 years BC.
2566:
and
Takalghat Khapa 34 km (21 mi) south of Nagpur. In Vidharba, the Naikund, Mahurjhari, Borgaon 40 km (25 mi) southwest of Nagpur and Khairwada 80 km (50 mi) west of Nagpur megalithic sites have been excavated.
3901:
Vahia, Mayank N., Pankaj Kumar, Abhijeet
Bhogale, D. C. Kothari, Sundeep Chopra, Vasant Shinde, Nilesh Jadhav, and Ranvir Shastri. "Radiocarbon Dating of Charcoal Samples from Rakhigarhi, Haryana, India Using Accelerator Mass Spectrometer."
2172:, which was established in 1861. Cunningham along with various assistants visited many sites and monuments of archaeological importance in India. Their trips ranged from simply visiting sites to study and report on to excavations as well.
2102:'s writings involved recording of local traditions, examining manuscripts, inscriptions, coins and architectures, which is described as one of the earliest traces of archaeology. One of his notable work is called
2556:
In
Maharashtra, megaliths are found in Vidharba and south Maharashtra. The megaliths found in south Maharashtra are of varied types, such as head stones alone, or rock chambers and even dolmen. Megaliths in
2444:: a man-made pile of stones, often in conical form, raised either as sepulchral monuments or for astronomical use, these range from simple small piles of loose stones to architecturally complex arrangements.
3706:
2012:
3417:
Cunliffe, B.W.; Colin
Renfrew, B.W.C.; Cunliffe, P.E.A.I.A.O.F.B.; Davies, W.; Renfrew, C.; Davies, P.H.P.P.U.C.L.F.W.; British Academy; Renfrew, D.P.A.C.U.F.C.; Davies, P.P.E.A.P.H.W. (2002).
2151:"Archaeology in South Asia did not crystallize out of the informal archaeology of enthusiastic amateur South Asians, but was created by elite foreigners, at the capital, by an act of state."
29:
3829:
Quote: "Excavations have also occurred at
Rakhigarhi, but only brief notes have been published, and little information is currently available on its form and organization. (page 325)"
2780:
3332:
2775:(ASI) began excavations at this site, and, though little has been published about the excavations. Further excavations were conducted the ASI headed by the archaeologist,
1922:
1982:
2046:
1952:
2137:
are also ancient archaeological sites that were once a part of India, but now lie within the borders of
Pakistan. The Harappan civilization was also called the
1962:
2420:: are vertically standing several stones, standing separate from each other with no physical contact with each other, to form circle, semi circle or ellipse.
2381:
date back to 5000 BC in southern India, before 3000 BC in upper Indus valley in northern India, and megaliths in eastern India are of much later date.
3946:
Chakrabarti D.K. 2006. The Oxford companion to Indian archaeology : the archaeological foundations of ancient India, Stone Age to AD 13th century
3550:
2286:
3879:
Shinde, Vasant; Green, Adam; Parmar, Narender; Sable, P. D. (2012β2013). "Rakhigarhi and the Harappan Civilization: Recent Work and New Challenges".
2452:: encasements for dead bodies, in which presence of ornaments shows the wealth or importance of the dead, usually found in groups or close to cairns.
4322:
4297:
3307:
2749:
2484:
In India, megaliths of all kinds are noted; these vary from chamber tomb, stone alignment and anthropomorphic figures as well as the following:
2436:: megalith which is made in single chamber tomb, usually consisting of three or more upright stones supporting a large flat horizontal capstone.
4457:
3961:
3840:
3823:
3794:
3656:
3428:
3394:
3367:
2642:
3986:
New Trends in Indian Art and Archaeology: S.R. Rao's 70th Birthday Felicitation Volumes, edited by B.U. Nayak and N.C. Ghosh, 2 vols. (1992)
4049:
3970:
Aryas, Aryens et Iraniens en Asie Centrale Fussman, G.; Kellens, J.; Francfort, H.-P.; Tremblay, X.. (2005) Institut Civilisation Indienne
3980:
Dimensions in Indian History and Archaeology (S. P. Gupta and K. S. Ramachandran, eds.) New Delhi: Indian History and lture Society, 1993.
1772:
3734:
Uesugi, Akinori, (2018). "An Overview on the Iron Age in South Asia", in (ed.) Akinori Uesugi, Iron Age in South Asia, Kansai University
3598:
2039:
4373:
4019:; Sinopoli, Carla M. (2002). "In the Beginning was the Word: Excavating the Relations between History and Archaeology in South Asia".
3576:
4009:
3994:
3975:
4383:
4462:
3312:
3693:
2129:
Some notable archaeological sites in India include Rakhigarhi, an archaeological site located in the state of Haryana, India.
4242:
2772:
2308:
2169:
2087:
2032:
281:
39:
4342:
4442:
1857:
2513:
Megaliths are found across whole of India, but there are found in higher numbers in central, southern and eastern India.
3019:
2851:
2650:
2605:
2499:
366:
4257:
4132:
1967:
1837:
4378:
2779:, between 1997 and 2000. The more recent excavations have been performed by Vasant Shinde, an archaeologist from the
2604:) the BRW appears during the same period but continues for longer, until c. 700β500 BCE, when it is succeeded by the
4337:
3937:
Chakrabarti D.K. 2009. India, an archaeological history : palaeolithic beginnings to early historic foundations
4452:
4072:
3745:
The archaeological term "Iron Age" began to be commonly applied to Indian prehistory in the 1960s (N. R. Banerjee,
3302:
2839:
2017:
4347:
3673:
4292:
4212:
4082:
2845:
2686:
2680:
2646:
2636:
2589:
2562:
2138:
2072:
1987:
1947:
1412:
1006:
355:
249:
238:
227:
4182:
4177:
4302:
4277:
4262:
4192:
4172:
4142:
4122:
4092:
4064:
4042:
3049:
3043:
2899:
2883:
2561:
regions are burial sites marked by stone circles. Important megalithic sites of Vidarbha are Hirapur dolmens,
1872:
786:
626:
4388:
4267:
3733:
4332:
4217:
4307:
4282:
4237:
4207:
4107:
4087:
3183:
3037:
2237:
2212:
2200:
1977:
1942:
1777:
1557:
1106:
658:
587:
4187:
4102:
4097:
2340:
167:
4447:
4393:
4272:
4222:
4202:
4162:
4077:
2428:
are made of several large stones in physical contact with each other, these are of following 3 sub-types:
1892:
1867:
1817:
1757:
1342:
1278:
1076:
292:
4197:
4152:
4352:
4287:
4252:
4167:
4157:
4117:
3109:
3001:
2971:
2529:
1937:
1927:
1897:
1762:
1717:
1547:
1186:
1176:
1146:
878:
858:
719:
88:
50:
4312:
4247:
4227:
4127:
4112:
3097:
2803:
2165:
1862:
1847:
1792:
1433:
3599:"Living Megalithic practices amongst the Madia gonds of Bhamragad, District Gadchiroli, Maharashtra"
2175:
4362:
4232:
4147:
4035:
3155:
3143:
2869:
2156:
2123:
1787:
1515:
1362:
1056:
1036:
448:
396:
4417:
3851:
3884:
3524:
3213:
3103:
3067:
2959:
2826:
2796:
2692:
2577:
2541:
2296:
1992:
1852:
1832:
1477:
1086:
996:
766:
756:
689:
638:
344:
260:
3771:
3634:
2776:
3800:
Quote: "Rakhigarhi will be discussed briefly in view of the limited published material" (p 107)
4005:
3990:
3971:
3957:
3929:
3819:
3811:
3790:
3784:
3652:
3446:
3424:
3418:
3390:
3384:
3363:
3189:
3031:
2947:
2943:
Following were either largest in area and/or longest reigning or had watershed moment impact:
2925:
2910:
2620:
2346:
2192:
2002:
1972:
1882:
1877:
1822:
1767:
1597:
1487:
1466:
1422:
1392:
1096:
1026:
1016:
986:
468:
430:
310:
62:
3610:
4016:
3229:
3073:
3013:
3007:
2989:
2863:
2857:
2616:
2334:
2064:
2007:
1997:
1932:
1902:
1887:
1842:
1827:
1812:
1782:
1677:
1372:
1156:
1066:
945:
935:
888:
817:
796:
386:
376:
215:
150:
3983:
Rao, S. R. (2008). Reminiscences of an archaeologist. New Delhi: Aryan Books International.
3927:
Chakrabarti, Dilip K. (1982). "The Development of Archaeology in the Indian Subcontinent".
3444:
Chakrabarti, Dilip K. (1982). "The Development of Archaeology in the Indian Subcontinent".
2126:, the Macedonian emperor, who tried and failed to conquer India in the fourth century BCE.
2108:
which was completed in c.1150 and is described as one of the first history books of India.
3359:
A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century (PB)
3177:
3131:
3115:
2983:
2493:
2488:
2245:
1455:
1444:
1402:
1382:
1300:
1267:
848:
776:
736:
648:
608:
570:
488:
3280:
3195:
3091:
2875:
2601:
2533:
2253:
1665:
1617:
1311:
1289:
1257:
1235:
1196:
1126:
1116:
976:
709:
519:
2829:
which originated in Bronze Age, evolved through the following stages in the Iron Age:
4436:
4411:
3171:
3149:
3079:
3025:
2977:
2965:
2953:
2931:
2665:
2661:
2585:
2569:
2525:
2417:
2364:
2352:
2280:
2104:
1587:
1527:
1352:
746:
699:
679:
553:
536:
498:
478:
413:
197:
187:
177:
120:
3294:
3247:
3241:
3137:
2995:
2919:
2891:
2809:
2737:
2704:
More than 50 IVC burial sites have been found, among those main sites in India are
2654:
2624:
2537:
2327:
2292:
2188:
2130:
2118:
1707:
1697:
1577:
1567:
1497:
1332:
1322:
1206:
1136:
918:
838:
458:
322:
270:
138:
3770:
Astha Dibyopama, Yong Jun Kim, Chang Seok Oh, Dong Hoon Shin, Vasant Shinde, 2015,
3951:
3719:
3357:
2406:: are single large stones standing vertically, which have following 2 sub-types.
4421:
3940:
Chakrabarti D.K. 2003. Archaeology in the Third World by Dilip Kumar Chakrabarti
3754:
3461:
3259:
3253:
3235:
3207:
3061:
2728:
in Gujarat. Other IVC burial sites outside India have been found in Pakistan in
2664:
region-states of the early historic period, culminating in the emergence of the
2225:
1727:
1687:
1647:
1046:
908:
898:
3943:
Chakrabarti D.K. 1988 A history of Indian archeology from the beginning to 1947
2619:
in the Indian subcontinent begins around 3000 BCE, and it was succeeded by the
3270:
2766:
2760:
2717:
2705:
2545:
2257:
2203:
is also a paleolithic (Old Stone Age) and mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) site.
2059:
1637:
1537:
1247:
21:
3709:, Indian Society for Prehistoric and Quatemary Studies, vol XLIV, pp. 12-20.
2799:, which falls in the Bronze Age, is characterised to the following cultures:
3750:
3085:
2833:
2725:
2268:
2233:
2221:
1607:
3486:
2592:; whereas in the Central and Eastern Ganges plain (eastern Uttar Pradesh,
2164:
Scholarly investigation into Indian archaeology was largely influenced by
3923:
D.P. Agrawal. The Archaeology of India. London : Curzon Press, 1981.
2729:
2657:
2558:
2521:
2517:
2378:
2358:
2320:
2304:
2276:
2272:
2229:
2217:
2068:
1957:
868:
333:
110:
100:
3888:
3577:"Megaliths in Ancient India and their possible association to astronomy"
3907:
2733:
2713:
2709:
2196:
2134:
2099:
1166:
71:
4027:
3423:. British Academy centenary monographs. British Academy. p. 309.
3758:
3055:
2895:
2721:
2597:
2581:
2432:
2414:: are vertically standing stone, usually found across all continents.
2410:
2249:
2241:
2076:
966:
2179:
This is an image of the Rahigarhi/Rakhigarhi site in Harayana, India
3773:, Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 1-9.
3753:
is earlier but unrelated, referencing references the mythological "
2593:
2440:
2300:
2174:
2058:
2653:(700 to 200 BCE), the later corresponds to the transition of the
2469:: not-used for burial, but have ceremonial usage such as worship.
3201:
2448:
2079:. It remains one of India's most important archaeological sites.
1627:
4031:
3674:"Megalithic Anthropomorphic Statues: Meaning and Significance"
2905:
Early to mid Middle Ages archaeological sites (500 BC β 1,000)
3575:
Mayank N. Vahia; Srikumar M. Menon; Riza Abbas; Nisha Yadav.
2315:
Chalcolithic (Copper age) archaeological sites (3500β1500 BC)
2399:
megaliths are classified as either monolith or polylithic.:
2330:
sites in India are characterised by the following cultures.
3989:
Marine Archaeology in India, Delhi: Publications Division,
2588:) it is dated to c. 1450β1200 BCE, and is succeeded by the
3841:"Excavations at Rakhigarhi [1997-98 to 1999-2000]"
4021:
Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient
3225:
The sites are related to the following colonial rulers:
2939:
Middle Kingdoms archaeological sites (230 BC β AD 1206)
2623:
beginning in around 1400 BCE. Bronze Age sites include
2184:
Paleolithic archaeological sites (2,500,000β250,000 BC)
2145:
Alexander Cunningham and Archaeological Survey of India
3335:
for forging bills during the excavation at Rakhigarhi.
2822:
Iron Age north India: Vedic Civilisation (1500β500 BC)
4361:
4321:
4063:
3906:111, no. 1 (2016): 27-28. Accessed August 2, 2020.
3749:, 1965). Note that the use of "Iron Age" for the
3881:Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute
3786:The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy, and Society
2392:, made of large stones, are man-made structures.
2149:
3953:Piecing Together - Memoirs of an Archaeologist
3689:
3687:
3630:
3628:
3462:"Mohenjo-daro | archaeological site, Pakistan"
3123:Late medieval archaeological sites (1206β1526)
2612:Bronze Age archaeological sites (3300β1300 BC)
4043:
4023:. Vol. 45, no. 4. pp. 492β523.
3933:. Vol. 13, no. 3. pp. 326β344.
3812:"Ancient South Asian cities in their regions"
3694:Sati may have existed among megalithic people
3651:. New Delhi: Pearson Education. p. 252.
3649:A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India
3450:. Vol. 13, no. 3. pp. 326β344.
3308:List of archaeological sites by country#India
3163:Early modern archaeological sites (1526β1858)
2791:Bronze Age: Vedic Civilisation (2000β1500 BC)
2040:
8:
2086:is mainly done under the supervision of the
3818:, Cambridge University Press, p. 325,
3789:, Cambridge University Press, p. 107,
2817:Iron Age archaeological sites (1500β200 BC)
4050:
4036:
4028:
3551:"Megalith from 5000 BC found in Telangana"
3386:Theory in Archaeology: A World Perspective
3167:Some of the main sites are related to the
2047:
2033:
44:
17:
3874:
3872:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3564:
3221:Colonial archaeological sites (1510β1961)
2645:, the Iron Age in India cultures are the
2287:Marine archaeology in the Gulf of Khambat
2576:Pottery found at these sites belongs to
2372:Megalithic archaeological sites of India
2271:sites in India are characterised by the
2191:sites in India are characterised by the
3348:
3324:
2750:List of Indus Valley civilisation sites
2580:(BRW) (10,800β3300 BC). In the Western
2207:Mesolithic sites (250,000 BCβ10,000 BC)
2168:, who became the first director of the
2071:, India, which is the alleged place of
20:
3584:Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
2708:(first site with genetic testing) and
3389:. Taylor & Francis. p. 192.
3313:World Heritage Sites by country#India
2643:prehistory of the Indian subcontinent
2311:has neolithic and mesolithic phases.
7:
3908:http://www.jstor.org/stable/24910004
3839:Nath, Amarendra (31 December 2014).
3721:Linguistic Archaeology of South Asia
3127:The sites related to the following:
3696:, DNA India, accessed 10 July 2021.
3525:"Expedition Magazine - Penn Museum"
2890:Iron Age sites in south India are
2256:have continuity of paleolithic to
14:
3362:. Pearson Education. p. 13.
2898:in Haveri district of Karnataka,
2480:List of megalithic sites in India
4416:
4407:
4406:
3420:Archaeology: The Widening Debate
3287:
3273:
2264:Neolithic sites (10,800β3300 BC)
28:
2668:towards the end of the period.
2631:Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC)
2139:Indus River Valley Civilization
4374:British Indian Ocean Territory
4004:Delhi: Publications Division,
3848:Archaeological Survey of India
2773:Archaeological Survey of India
2660:principalities to the sixteen
2507:Megalithic monuments by states
2309:Brahmagiri archaeological site
2170:Archaeological Survey of India
2088:Archaeological Survey of India
282:Ochre Coloured Pottery culture
1:
4458:Megalithic monuments in India
3956:. Aryan Books International.
3850:. p. 306. Archived from
3678:ResearchWorks Journal Hosting
2916:Ror Dynasty (450 BC β AD 489)
1212:
951:
924:
823:
802:
725:
664:
593:
576:
559:
542:
525:
504:
419:
402:
156:
4002:Marine Archaeology in India,
3549:P, Pavan (24 October 2016).
2852:Northern Black Polished Ware
2651:Northern Black Polished Ware
2606:Northern Black Polished Ware
2500:Indian rock-cut architecture
2462:megaliths are classified as
2159:and Carla M. Sinopoli, 2002.
2112:Origin of modern archaeology
2098:12th century Indian scholar
367:Northern Black Polished Ware
3816:The Cambridge World History
3810:Sinopoli, Carla M. (2015),
3511:Trautmann and Sinopoli 2002
2520:monuments in India include
1963:Influence on Southeast Asia
4479:
3814:, in Norman Yoffee (ed.),
3510:
3303:Timeline of Indian history
2840:Black and Red ware culture
2764:
2758:
2747:
2649:(1300 to 300 BCE) and the
2634:
2210:
345:Black and Red ware culture
4402:
3724:(Routledge, 2005), p. 177
3331:Amarendra Nath was later
2846:Painted Grey Ware culture
2647:Painted Grey Ware culture
2637:Indus Valley Civilisation
2590:Painted Grey Ware culture
2563:Stone circles of Junapani
356:Painted Grey Ware culture
228:Indus Valley Civilisation
4123:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3783:Wright, Rita P. (2009),
3637:, accessed 10 July 2021.
3609:(1): 244. Archived from
3523:Ghosh, A. (9 May 1964).
3050:Gurjara-Pratihara Empire
3044:Eastern Chalukya Kingdom
2900:Keezhadi excavation site
1007:Gurjara-Pratihara Empire
987:Eastern Chalukya Kingdom
588:Maha-Megha-Vahana Empire
4384:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3647:Singh, Upinder (2008).
3597:Anuja, Geetali (2002).
3491:Encyclopedia Britannica
3466:Encyclopedia Britannica
3038:Western Chalukya Empire
2687:Mature Harappan culture
2303:rock art, dwellings of
2238:Bhimbetka rock shelters
2213:Cave paintings in India
2201:Bhimbetka rock shelters
1107:Western Chalukya Empire
250:Mature Harappan culture
4463:Stone circles in India
3950:Braj Basi Lal (2011).
3356:Upinder Singh (2009).
2870:Three Crowned Kingdoms
2681:Early Harappan culture
2180:
2153:
2080:
2013:Science and technology
397:Three Crowned Kingdoms
239:Early Harappan culture
54:(2,500,000β250,000 BC)
3747:The Iron Age in India
3718:Franklin Southworth,
3110:Kalachuris of Tripuri
3002:Western Ganga Kingdom
2972:Indo-Parthian Kingdom
2966:Indo-Scythian Kingdom
2872:(c. 600 BC β AD 1600)
2693:Late Harappan culture
2600:) and Central India (
2530:Chovvanur burial cave
2426:Polylithic structures
2404:Monolithic structures
2307:are neolithic sites.
2178:
2062:
1916:Specialised histories
1187:Kalachuris of Kalyani
1177:Kalachuris of Tripuri
859:Western Ganga Kingdom
787:Indo-Sassanid Kingdom
737:Western Satrap Empire
720:Indo-Parthian Kingdom
710:Indo-Scythian Kingdom
261:Late Harappan culture
22:History of South Asia
4443:Archaeology of India
4298:United Arab Emirates
4017:Trautmann, Thomas R.
3487:"Harappa | Pakistan"
3098:Eastern Ganga Empire
2804:Copper Hoard culture
2166:Alexander Cunningham
2084:Archaeology in India
1434:Ahmadnagar Sultanate
1236:Late medieval period
1147:Eastern Ganga Empire
879:Vishnukundina Empire
4325:limited recognition
4058:Archaeology of Asia
3736:, Fig. 6, pp. 9-12.
3707:Man and Environment
3383:Ucko, P.J. (2005).
3156:Vijayanagara Empire
3144:Chitradurga Kingdom
3034:(543β753, 942β1244)
2397:"structural design"
2279:(7000β3300 BC) and
2157:Thomas R. Trautmann
2124:Alexander the Great
1516:Early modern period
1363:Vijayanagara Empire
1343:Chitradurga Kingdom
1037:Bhauma-Kara Kingdom
449:Shaishunaga dynasty
3635:MEGALITHIC CULTURE
3555:The Times of India
3214:Travancore Kingdom
3088:dynasty (947-1947)
3068:Rashtrakuta Empire
3058:dynasty (551-1947)
3020:Kabul Shahi Empire
2960:Indo-Greek Kingdom
2827:Vedic Civilisation
2797:Vedic Civilisation
2716:in Uttar Pradesh,
2578:Black and red ware
2542:Kudakkallu Parambu
2385:Types of megaliths
2379:Megaliths in India
2341:Ahar-Banas culture
2297:Kupgal petroglyphs
2181:
2081:
1993:Partition of India
1858:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1806:Regional histories
1751:National histories
1638:Travancore Kingdom
1608:Thondaiman Kingdom
1478:Golkonda Sultanate
1087:Somavamshi Kingdom
1057:Rashtrakuta Empire
997:Rashidun Caliphate
919:Kabul Shahi Empire
767:Nagas of Padmavati
690:Indo-Greek Kingdom
630:(230 BC β AD 1206)
323:Vedic Civilisation
271:Vedic Civilisation
168:Ahar-Banas culture
4453:Prehistoric India
4430:
4429:
4367:other territories
3963:978-81-7305-417-4
3930:World Archaeology
3825:978-0-521-19008-4
3796:978-0-521-57219-4
3705:Oishi Roy, 2019,
3658:978-81-317-1120-0
3447:World Archaeology
3430:978-0-19-726255-9
3396:978-1-134-84346-6
3369:978-93-325-6996-6
3184:Thanjavur Kingdom
2992:(c. 250 β c. 600)
2986:(c. 250 β c. 500)
2950:(230 BC β AD 220)
2948:Satavahana Empire
2926:Macedonian Empire
2911:Achaemenid Empire
2621:Iron Age in India
2337:(c. 3950β1900 BC)
2226:Mangar Bani Caves
2193:Madrasian culture
2057:
2056:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1735:
1656:
1655:
1558:Thanjavur Kingdom
1506:
1505:
1467:Bijapur Sultanate
1423:Deccan sultanates
1301:Tughlaq Sultanate
1248:Ghaznavid Dynasty
1226:
1225:
1097:Chaulukya Kingdom
1027:Mallabhum kingdom
1017:Umayyad Caliphate
757:Bharshiva Dynasty
653:(200 BC β AD 300)
643:(230 BC β AD 220)
639:Satavahana Empire
617:
616:
613:(247 BC β AD 224)
469:Macedonian Empire
443:(450 BC β AD 489)
431:Achaemenid Empire
301:
300:
206:
205:
129:
128:
79:
78:
63:Madrasian culture
4470:
4420:
4410:
4409:
4379:Christmas Island
4065:Sovereign states
4052:
4045:
4038:
4029:
4024:
3967:
3934:
3911:
3899:
3893:
3892:
3876:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3857:on 19 March 2015
3856:
3845:
3836:
3830:
3828:
3807:
3801:
3799:
3780:
3774:
3768:
3762:
3743:
3737:
3731:
3725:
3716:
3710:
3703:
3697:
3691:
3682:
3681:
3669:
3663:
3662:
3644:
3638:
3632:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3581:
3572:
3559:
3558:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3535:
3520:
3514:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3483:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3458:
3452:
3451:
3441:
3435:
3434:
3414:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3380:
3374:
3373:
3353:
3336:
3329:
3297:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3283:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3230:Portuguese India
3074:Paramara Kingdom
3008:Kamarupa Kingdom
2990:Kalabhras Empire
2974:(AD 21 β c. 130)
2968:(50 BC β AD 400)
2962:(180 BC β AD 10)
2864:Haryanka Dynasty
2858:Pradyota Dynasty
2700:IVC burial sites
2617:Bronze Age India
2494:Menhirs in India
2489:Dolmens in India
2335:Anarta tradition
2283:(5000β3000 BC).
2277:Mehrgarh culture
2275:(7570β6200 BC),
2273:Bhirrana culture
2160:
2065:Mahabodhi Temple
2049:
2042:
2035:
1998:Pakistan studies
1838:Himachal Pradesh
1678:Portuguese India
1674:
1673:
1670:
1628:Sikh Confederacy
1524:
1523:
1520:
1373:Bengal Sultanate
1312:Sayyid Sultanate
1290:Khalji Sultanate
1279:Mamluk Sultanate
1244:
1243:
1240:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1157:Kakatiya Kingdom
1067:Paramara Kingdom
960:
956:
953:
929:
926:
869:Kamarupa Kingdom
832:
828:
825:
818:Kalabhras Empire
811:
807:
804:
730:
727:
714:(50 BC β AD 400)
694:(180 BC β AD 10)
673:
669:
666:
635:
634:
631:
602:
598:
595:
581:
578:
564:
561:
547:
544:
530:
527:
513:
509:
506:
424:
421:
407:
404:
387:Haryanka dynasty
377:Pradyota dynasty
319:
318:
315:
224:
223:
220:
161:
158:
151:Anarta tradition
147:
146:
143:
111:Mehrgarh culture
101:Bhirrana culture
97:
96:
93:
92:(10,800β3300 BC)
59:
58:
55:
45:
32:
18:
4478:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4467:
4433:
4432:
4431:
4426:
4398:
4366:
4357:
4338:Northern Cyprus
4324:
4317:
4059:
4056:
4015:
3964:
3949:
3926:
3920:
3918:Further reading
3915:
3914:
3904:Current Science
3900:
3896:
3878:
3877:
3870:
3860:
3858:
3854:
3843:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3826:
3809:
3808:
3804:
3797:
3782:
3781:
3777:
3769:
3765:
3744:
3740:
3732:
3728:
3717:
3713:
3704:
3700:
3692:
3685:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3659:
3646:
3645:
3641:
3633:
3626:
3616:
3614:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3579:
3574:
3573:
3562:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3533:
3531:
3529:www.penn.museum
3522:
3521:
3517:
3509:
3505:
3495:
3493:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3470:
3468:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3431:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3370:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3339:
3330:
3326:
3321:
3293:
3288:
3286:
3279:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3223:
3178:Madurai Kingdom
3165:
3132:Delhi Sultanate
3125:
3116:Chutiya Kingdom
3104:Zamorin Kingdom
3032:Chalukya Empire
3022:(c. 500 β 1026)
3014:Maitraka Empire
2984:Vakataka Empire
2941:
2907:
2894:in Tamil Nadu,
2888:
2886:Age south India
2878:(c. 600β300 BC)
2824:
2819:
2793:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2752:
2746:
2702:
2676:Phases of IVC
2674:
2639:
2633:
2614:
2584:plain (western
2554:
2509:
2482:
2387:
2374:
2325:
2317:
2281:Edakkal culture
2266:
2246:Pahargarh caves
2215:
2209:
2197:Soanian culture
2186:
2162:
2155:
2147:
2114:
2096:
2053:
2024:
2023:
2022:
1917:
1909:
1908:
1907:
1807:
1799:
1798:
1797:
1752:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1671:
1668:
1666:Colonial states
1658:
1657:
1548:Madurai Kingdom
1521:
1518:
1508:
1507:
1456:Bidar Sultanate
1445:Berar sultanate
1413:Ladakh Kingdom
1403:Gajapati Empire
1383:Garhwal Kingdom
1268:Delhi Sultanate
1241:
1238:
1228:
1227:
1219:
1215:
1197:Chutiya Kingdom
1167:Zamorin Kingdom
958:
954:
946:Maukhari Empire
936:Chalukya Empire
927:
889:Maitraka Empire
830:
826:
809:
805:
797:Vakataka Empire
777:Sasanian Empire
728:
671:
667:
649:Kuninda Kingdom
632:
629:
627:Middle Kingdoms
619:
618:
609:Parthian Empire
600:
596:
579:
562:
545:
528:
511:
507:
422:
405:
316:
313:
303:
302:
221:
218:
208:
207:
159:
144:
141:
131:
130:
121:Edakkal culture
94:
91:
81:
80:
72:Soanian culture
56:
53:
42:
12:
11:
5:
4476:
4474:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4435:
4434:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4414:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4370:
4368:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4329:
4327:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4069:
4067:
4061:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4032:
4026:
4025:
4013:
3998:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3978:
3968:
3962:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3924:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3894:
3868:
3831:
3824:
3802:
3795:
3775:
3763:
3738:
3726:
3711:
3698:
3683:
3664:
3657:
3639:
3624:
3613:on 10 May 2013
3589:
3560:
3541:
3515:
3503:
3478:
3453:
3436:
3429:
3409:
3395:
3375:
3368:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3299:
3298:
3284:
3281:History portal
3268:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3257:
3251:
3245:
3239:
3233:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3211:
3205:
3199:
3196:Maratha Empire
3193:
3190:Sikkim Kingdom
3187:
3181:
3175:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3135:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3092:Lohara Kingdom
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3053:
3047:
3041:
3035:
3029:
3023:
3017:
3011:
3005:
2999:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2957:
2951:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2929:
2923:
2917:
2914:
2906:
2903:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2876:Maha Janapadas
2873:
2867:
2861:
2855:
2849:
2843:
2842:(1300β1000 BC)
2837:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2807:
2806:(2500β1600 BC)
2792:
2789:
2781:Deccan College
2777:Amarendra Nath
2765:Main article:
2756:
2753:
2745:
2744:Main IVC sites
2742:
2720:in Rajasthan,
2701:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2695:(1900β1300 BC)
2690:
2689:(2600β1900 BC)
2684:
2683:(3300β2600 BC)
2673:
2670:
2635:Main article:
2632:
2629:
2613:
2610:
2602:Madhya Pradesh
2553:
2550:
2534:Hirapur dolmen
2508:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2470:
2467:Non-sepulchral
2456:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2445:
2437:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2415:
2386:
2383:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2362:
2356:
2355:(1600β1300 BC)
2350:
2349:(1600β1500 BC)
2344:
2343:(3000β1500 BC)
2338:
2324:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2265:
2262:
2254:Madhya Pradesh
2218:Anangpur caves
2208:
2205:
2185:
2182:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2113:
2110:
2095:
2092:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1733:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1653:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1618:Maratha Empire
1614:
1613:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1598:Sikkim Kingdom
1594:
1593:
1590:
1588:Marava Kingdom
1584:
1583:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1522:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1488:Keladi Kingdom
1484:
1483:
1480:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1393:Mysore Kingdom
1389:
1388:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1323:Lodi Sultanate
1318:
1317:
1314:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1258:Ghurid Dynasty
1254:
1253:
1250:
1242:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1223:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1127:Hoysala Empire
1123:
1122:
1119:
1117:Lohara Kingdom
1113:
1112:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1003:
1002:
999:
993:
992:
989:
983:
982:
979:
977:Tibetan Empire
973:
972:
969:
963:
962:
948:
942:
941:
938:
932:
931:
921:
915:
914:
911:
905:
904:
901:
895:
894:
891:
885:
884:
881:
875:
874:
871:
865:
864:
861:
855:
854:
851:
849:Kadamba Empire
845:
844:
841:
835:
834:
820:
814:
813:
799:
793:
792:
789:
783:
782:
779:
773:
772:
769:
763:
762:
759:
753:
752:
749:
743:
742:
739:
733:
732:
722:
716:
715:
712:
706:
705:
702:
696:
695:
692:
686:
685:
682:
676:
675:
661:
655:
654:
651:
645:
644:
641:
633:
625:
624:
621:
620:
615:
614:
611:
605:
604:
590:
584:
583:
573:
571:Pallava Empire
567:
566:
556:
550:
549:
539:
533:
532:
522:
516:
515:
501:
495:
494:
491:
489:Seleucid India
485:
484:
481:
475:
474:
471:
465:
464:
461:
455:
454:
451:
445:
444:
441:
437:
436:
433:
427:
426:
416:
414:Maha Janapadas
410:
409:
399:
393:
392:
389:
383:
382:
379:
373:
372:
369:
362:
361:
358:
351:
350:
349:(1300β1000 BC)
347:
340:
339:
336:
329:
328:
325:
317:
309:
308:
305:
304:
299:
298:
295:
288:
287:
286:(2000β1600 BC)
284:
277:
276:
273:
267:
266:
265:(1900β1300 BC)
263:
256:
255:
254:(2600β1900 BC)
252:
245:
244:
243:(3300β2600 BC)
241:
234:
233:
232:(3300β1300 BC)
230:
222:
219:(3300β1300 BC)
214:
213:
210:
209:
204:
203:
200:
194:
193:
192:(1600β1300 BC)
190:
184:
183:
180:
174:
173:
172:(3000β1500 BC)
170:
164:
163:
153:
145:
142:(3500β1500 BC)
137:
136:
133:
132:
127:
126:
125:(5000β3000 BC)
123:
117:
116:
115:(7000β3300 BC)
113:
107:
106:
105:(7570β6200 BC)
103:
95:
87:
86:
83:
82:
77:
76:
74:
68:
67:
65:
57:
49:
48:
43:
38:
37:
34:
33:
25:
24:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4475:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4448:Iron Age Asia
4446:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4413:
4405:
4404:
4401:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4369:
4364:
4360:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4348:South Ossetia
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4326:
4320:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
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4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
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4256:
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4251:
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4246:
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4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
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4181:
4179:
4176:
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4169:
4166:
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4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4053:
4048:
4046:
4041:
4039:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4011:
4010:81-230-0785-X
4007:
4003:
3999:
3996:
3995:81-230-0785-X
3992:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3976:2-86803-072-6
3973:
3969:
3965:
3959:
3955:
3954:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3936:
3932:
3931:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3909:
3905:
3898:
3895:
3890:
3886:
3883:. 72/73: 48.
3882:
3875:
3873:
3869:
3853:
3849:
3842:
3835:
3832:
3827:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3806:
3803:
3798:
3792:
3788:
3787:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3767:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3742:
3739:
3735:
3730:
3727:
3723:
3722:
3715:
3712:
3708:
3702:
3699:
3695:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3679:
3675:
3668:
3665:
3660:
3654:
3650:
3643:
3640:
3636:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3593:
3590:
3585:
3578:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3556:
3552:
3545:
3542:
3530:
3526:
3519:
3516:
3512:
3507:
3504:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3479:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3454:
3449:
3448:
3440:
3437:
3432:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3413:
3410:
3398:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3379:
3376:
3371:
3365:
3361:
3360:
3352:
3349:
3342:
3334:
3328:
3325:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3296:
3285:
3282:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3220:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3172:Mughal Empire
3170:
3169:
3168:
3162:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3150:Reddy Kingdom
3148:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3122:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3080:Yadava Empire
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3026:Harsha Empire
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2978:Kushan Empire
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2954:Shunga Empire
2952:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2938:
2933:
2932:Maurya Empire
2930:
2927:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2885:
2882:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2848:(1200β600 BC)
2847:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2836:(1500β600 BC)
2835:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2821:
2816:
2812:(1600β500 BC)
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2771:In 1963, the
2768:
2762:
2754:
2751:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2672:Phases of IVC
2671:
2669:
2667:
2666:Maurya Empire
2663:
2662:Mahajanapadas
2659:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2638:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2586:Uttar Pradesh
2583:
2579:
2574:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2514:
2511:
2506:
2502:burial sites.
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2479:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2458:Based on the
2451:
2450:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2419:
2418:Stone circles
2416:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2395:Based on the
2393:
2391:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2371:
2367:(1400β700 BC)
2366:
2365:Jorwe culture
2363:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2353:Malwa culture
2351:
2348:
2347:Pandu culture
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2322:
2319:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2214:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2183:
2177:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2158:
2152:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2127:
2125:
2120:
2119:Hindu temples
2111:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2105:Rajatarangini
2101:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2074:
2073:enlightenment
2070:
2066:
2061:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2038:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1913:
1912:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1873:Uttar Pradesh
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1803:
1802:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1748:
1747:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1667:
1662:
1661:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1528:Mughal Empire
1526:
1525:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1354:
1353:Reddy Kingdom
1351:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1078:
1077:Yadava Empire
1075:
1074:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
990:
988:
985:
984:
980:
978:
975:
974:
970:
968:
967:Harsha Empire
965:
964:
949:
947:
944:
943:
939:
937:
934:
933:
922:
920:
917:
916:
912:
910:
907:
906:
902:
900:
897:
896:
892:
890:
887:
886:
882:
880:
877:
876:
872:
870:
867:
866:
862:
860:
857:
856:
852:
850:
847:
846:
842:
840:
837:
836:
821:
819:
816:
815:
800:
798:
795:
794:
790:
788:
785:
784:
780:
778:
775:
774:
770:
768:
765:
764:
760:
758:
755:
754:
750:
748:
747:Kushan Empire
745:
744:
740:
738:
735:
734:
723:
721:
718:
717:
713:
711:
708:
707:
703:
701:
698:
697:
693:
691:
688:
687:
683:
681:
680:Shunga Empire
678:
677:
662:
660:
659:Mitra Dynasty
657:
656:
652:
650:
647:
646:
642:
640:
637:
636:
628:
623:
622:
612:
610:
607:
606:
601: AD 500
597: 250 BC
591:
589:
586:
585:
580: 250 AD
574:
572:
569:
568:
563: 300 BC
557:
555:
552:
551:
546: 300 BC
540:
538:
537:Chera Kingdom
535:
534:
529: 300 BC
523:
521:
520:Pandya Empire
518:
517:
512: 300 AD
508: 300 BC
502:
500:
499:Sangam period
497:
496:
492:
490:
487:
486:
482:
480:
479:Maurya Empire
477:
476:
472:
470:
467:
466:
462:
460:
457:
456:
452:
450:
447:
446:
442:
439:
438:
434:
432:
429:
428:
417:
415:
412:
411:
406: 600 BC
400:
398:
395:
394:
390:
388:
385:
384:
380:
378:
375:
374:
370:
368:
364:
363:
360:(1200β600 BC)
359:
357:
353:
352:
348:
346:
342:
341:
338:(1500β600 BC)
337:
335:
331:
330:
327:(1500β500 BC)
326:
324:
321:
320:
314:(1500β200 BC)
312:
307:
306:
297:(1600β500 BC)
296:
294:
290:
289:
285:
283:
279:
278:
275:(2000β500 BC)
274:
272:
269:
268:
264:
262:
258:
257:
253:
251:
247:
246:
242:
240:
236:
235:
231:
229:
226:
225:
217:
212:
211:
202:(1400β700 BC)
201:
199:
198:Jorwe culture
196:
195:
191:
189:
188:Malwa culture
186:
185:
182:(1600β750 BC)
181:
179:
178:Pandu culture
176:
175:
171:
169:
166:
165:
154:
152:
149:
148:
140:
135:
134:
124:
122:
119:
118:
114:
112:
109:
108:
104:
102:
99:
98:
90:
85:
84:
75:
73:
70:
69:
66:
64:
61:
60:
52:
47:
46:
41:
36:
35:
31:
27:
26:
23:
19:
16:
4363:Dependencies
4293:Turkmenistan
4258:Saudi Arabia
4137:
4020:
4001:
3952:
3928:
3903:
3897:
3880:
3859:. Retrieved
3852:the original
3847:
3834:
3815:
3805:
3785:
3778:
3766:
3746:
3741:
3729:
3720:
3714:
3701:
3677:
3667:
3648:
3642:
3615:. Retrieved
3611:the original
3606:
3602:
3592:
3583:
3554:
3544:
3532:. Retrieved
3528:
3518:
3506:
3494:. Retrieved
3490:
3481:
3469:. Retrieved
3465:
3456:
3445:
3439:
3419:
3412:
3400:. Retrieved
3385:
3378:
3358:
3351:
3333:found guilty
3327:
3295:India portal
3248:French India
3242:Danish India
3224:
3166:
3138:Ahom kingdom
3126:
2996:Gupta Empire
2942:
2934:(321β184 BC)
2928:(330β323 BC)
2922:(380β321 BC)
2920:Nanda Empire
2913:(550β330 BC)
2892:Adichanallur
2889:
2866:(684β424 BC)
2860:(799β684 BC)
2854:(700β200 BC)
2825:
2810:Swat culture
2794:
2785:
2770:
2738:Mohenjo-daro
2712:in Haryana,
2703:
2675:
2655:Vedic period
2640:
2625:Hire Benakal
2615:
2575:
2568:
2555:
2538:Hire Benakal
2515:
2512:
2510:
2483:
2472:
2466:
2460:"usage type"
2459:
2457:
2447:
2439:
2431:
2425:
2409:
2403:
2396:
2394:
2389:
2388:
2377:
2375:
2328:Chalcolithic
2326:
2321:Chalcolithic
2293:Sanganakallu
2291:
2285:
2267:
2216:
2189:Palaeolithic
2187:
2163:
2154:
2150:
2131:Mohenjo-Daro
2128:
2115:
2103:
2097:
2083:
2082:
1938:Demographics
1928:Architecture
1708:French India
1698:Danish India
1578:Bengal Subah
1568:Bhoi dynasty
1498:Koch Kingdom
1333:Ahom Kingdom
1207:Deva Kingdom
899:Huna Kingdom
839:Gupta Empire
741:(AD 35β405 )
700:Kanva Empire
672: 50 BC
554:Chola Empire
493:(312β303 BC)
483:(321β184 BC)
473:(330β323 BC)
463:(380β321 BC)
459:Nanda Empire
453:(424β345 BC)
435:(550β330 BC)
391:(684β424 BC)
381:(799β684 BC)
371:(700β200 BC)
293:Swat culture
139:Chalcolithic
51:Palaeolithic
15:
4422:Asia portal
4323:States with
4243:Philippines
4183:South Korea
4178:North Korea
4073:Afghanistan
3861:22 February
3755:Ages of Man
3262:(1858β1947)
3260:British Raj
3256:(1757β1858)
3254:Company Raj
3250:(1759β1954)
3244:(1620β1869)
3238:(1605β1825)
3236:Dutch India
3232:(1510β1961)
3216:(1729β1947)
3210:(1799β1849)
3208:Sikh Empire
3204:(1707β1799)
3198:(1674β1818)
3192:(1642β1975)
3186:(1532β1673)
3180:(1559β1736)
3174:(1526β1858)
3158:(1336β1646)
3152:(1325β1448)
3146:(1300β1779)
3140:(1228β1826)
3134:(1206β1526)
3118:(1187β1673)
3106:(1102β1766)
3100:(1078β1434)
3094:(1003β1320)
3062:Pala Empire
2980:(AD 60β240)
2956:(185β73 BC)
2552:Maharashtra
1923:Agriculture
1893:South India
1868:Maharashtra
1818:Balochistan
1758:Afghanistan
1732:(1858β1947)
1728:British Raj
1722:(1757β1858)
1718:Company Raj
1712:(1759β1954)
1702:(1620β1869)
1692:(1605β1825)
1688:Dutch India
1682:(1510β1961)
1669:(1510β1961)
1652:(1799β1849)
1648:Sikh Empire
1642:(1729β1947)
1632:(1707β1799)
1622:(1674β1818)
1612:(1650β1948)
1602:(1642β1975)
1592:(1600β1750)
1582:(1576β1757)
1572:(1541β1804)
1562:(1532β1673)
1552:(1529β1736)
1542:(1540β1556)
1532:(1526β1858)
1519:(1526β1858)
1502:(1515β1947)
1492:(1499β1763)
1482:(1518β1687)
1471:(1492β1686)
1460:(1492β1619)
1449:(1490β1574)
1438:(1490β1636)
1427:(1490β1596)
1417:(1470β1842)
1407:(1434β1541)
1397:(1399β1947)
1387:(1358β1803)
1377:(1352β1576)
1367:(1336β1646)
1357:(1325β1448)
1347:(1300β1779)
1337:(1228β1826)
1327:(1451β1526)
1316:(1414β1451)
1305:(1320β1414)
1294:(1290β1320)
1283:(1206β1290)
1272:(1206β1526)
1262:(1170β1206)
1239:(1206β1526)
1220: 1300
1216: 1200
1201:(1187β1673)
1191:(1156β1184)
1171:(1102β1766)
1161:(1083β1323)
1151:(1078β1434)
1141:(1070β1230)
1137:Sena Empire
1131:(1040β1347)
1121:(1003β1320)
1047:Pala Empire
909:Rai Kingdom
751:(AD 60β240)
684:(185β73 BC)
440:Ror Dynasty
160: 3950
4437:Categories
4303:Uzbekistan
4278:Tajikistan
4193:Kyrgyzstan
4173:Kazakhstan
4093:Bangladesh
4083:Azerbaijan
4000:S.R. Rao,
3672:Rao, K.P.
3603:PurΔtattva
3343:References
3112:(675-1210)
3082:(850β1334)
3076:(800β1327)
3064:(750β1174)
3052:(550β1036)
3046:(624β1075)
3040:(973β1189)
3010:(350β1100)
3004:(350β1000)
2767:Rakhigarhi
2761:Rakhigarhi
2759:See also:
2755:Rakhigarhi
2748:See also:
2718:Kalibangan
2706:Rakhigarhi
2546:Sidlaphadi
2528:rock art,
2518:megalithic
2473:Sepulchral
2258:mesolithic
2211:See also:
2003:Philosophy
1983:Metallurgy
1973:Literature
1898:Tamil Nadu
1763:Bangladesh
1538:Sur Empire
1252:(977β1186)
1218: β c.
1181:(675β1210)
1111:(973β1189)
1101:(942β1244)
1091:(882β1110)
1081:(850β1334)
1071:(800β1327)
1051:(750β1174)
1031:(694β1947)
1011:(650β1036)
991:(624β1075)
959: 700
957: β c.
955: 550
928: 500
873:(350β1100)
863:(350β1000)
831: 600
829: β c.
827: 250
810: 500
808: β c.
806: 250
729: 130
704:(75β26 BC)
670: β c.
668: 150
599: β c.
565:β AD 1279)
548:β AD 1102)
531:β AD 1345)
510: β c.
423: 600
408:β AD 1600)
216:Bronze Age
4389:Hong Kong
4343:Palestine
4268:Sri Lanka
4263:Singapore
4143:Indonesia
3751:Kali Yuga
3513:. p. 516.
3086:Kachhwaha
3070:(753β982)
3028:(606β647)
3016:(475β767)
2998:(280β550)
2834:Janapadas
2726:Dholavira
2608:culture.
2516:Man-made
2390:Megaliths
2269:Neolithic
2234:Delhi NCR
2222:Faridabad
1953:Education
1943:Dynasties
1863:Rajasthan
1848:Karnataka
1793:Sri Lanka
1061:(753β982)
1041:(736β916)
1021:(661β750)
1001:(632β661)
981:(618β841)
971:(606β647)
940:(543β753)
913:(489β632)
903:(475β576)
893:(475β767)
883:(420β624)
853:(345β525)
843:(280β550)
791:(230β360)
781:(224β651)
771:(210β340)
761:(170β350)
724:(AD 21 β
582:β AD 800)
334:Janapadas
162:β1900 BC)
89:Neolithic
4412:Category
4333:Abkhazia
4283:Thailand
4238:Pakistan
4218:Mongolia
4213:Maldives
4208:Malaysia
4108:Cambodia
3889:43610687
3496:2 August
3471:2 August
3267:See also
2730:Mehrgarh
2658:Janapada
2570:Gorewada
2559:Vidarbha
2522:Anegundi
2359:Daimabad
2323:cultures
2305:Anegundi
2230:Gurugram
2069:Bodhgaya
2018:Timeline
2008:Religion
1988:Military
1978:Maritime
1968:Language
1958:Indology
1788:Pakistan
1778:Maldives
1476: β
1465: β
1454: β
1443: β
1432: β
1321: β
1310: β
1299: β
1288: β
1277: β
425:β300 BC)
365: β
354: β
343: β
332: β
311:Iron Age
291: β
280: β
259: β
248: β
237: β
4308:Vietnam
4223:Myanmar
4203:Lebanon
4133:Georgia
4088:Bahrain
4078:Armenia
3617:18 June
3534:12 July
2734:Harappa
2714:Sanauli
2710:Farmana
2641:In the
2260:phase.
2135:Harappa
2100:Kalhana
2094:History
2075:of the
1948:Economy
1933:Coinage
1853:Kashmir
1833:Gujarat
930:β 1026)
40:Outline
4353:Taiwan
4288:Turkey
4253:Russia
4188:Kuwait
4168:Jordan
4158:Israel
4118:Cyprus
4103:Brunei
4098:Bhutan
4012:(2001)
4008:
3997:(2001)
3993:
3974:
3960:
3887:
3822:
3793:
3759:Hesiod
3655:
3427:
3402:10 May
3393:
3366:
3056:Guhila
2896:Hallur
2795:Early
2736:, and
2722:Lothal
2598:Bengal
2596:, and
2582:Ganges
2433:Dolmen
2411:Menhir
2250:Morena
2244:) and
2242:Bhopal
2224:) and
2077:Buddha
1883:Odisha
1878:Punjab
1823:Bengal
1768:Bhutan
4394:Macau
4313:Yemen
4273:Syria
4248:Qatar
4228:Nepal
4163:Japan
4138:India
4128:Egypt
4113:China
3885:JSTOR
3855:(PDF)
3844:(PDF)
3757:" of
3580:(PDF)
3319:Notes
2594:Bihar
2441:Cairn
2301:Sonda
2252:) IN
2232:) in
1903:Tibet
1888:Sindh
1843:Kabul
1828:Bihar
1813:Assam
1783:Nepal
1773:India
4233:Oman
4198:Laos
4153:Iraq
4148:Iran
4006:ISBN
3991:ISBN
3972:ISBN
3958:ISBN
3863:2016
3820:ISBN
3791:ISBN
3653:ISBN
3619:2009
3536:2020
3498:2020
3473:2020
3425:ISBN
3404:2022
3391:ISBN
3364:ISBN
3202:Misl
2884:Iron
2724:and
2526:Byse
2449:Cist
2361:site
2195:and
2133:and
2063:The
4365:and
2067:in
4439::
3871:^
3846:.
3686:^
3676:.
3627:^
3607:32
3605:.
3601:.
3582:.
3563:^
3553:.
3527:.
3489:.
3464:.
2783:.
2740:.
2732:,
2627:.
2548:.
2544:,
2540:,
2536:,
2532:,
2524:,
2299:,
2295:,
2289:,
2236:,
2199:.
2141:.
2090:.
1213:c.
952:c.
925:c.
824:c.
803:c.
726:c.
665:c.
594:c.
577:c.
560:c.
543:c.
526:c.
505:c.
420:c.
403:c.
157:c.
4051:e
4044:t
4037:v
3966:.
3910:.
3891:.
3865:.
3761:.
3680:.
3661:.
3621:.
3586:.
3557:.
3538:.
3500:.
3475:.
3433:.
3406:.
3372:.
2496:,
2248:(
2240:(
2228:(
2220:(
2048:e
2041:t
2034:v
1222:)
1211:(
961:)
950:(
923:(
833:)
822:(
812:)
801:(
731:)
674:)
663:(
603:)
592:(
575:(
558:(
541:(
524:(
514:)
503:(
418:(
401:(
155:(
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