44:, Canada, has a style distinct from that of the rest of Canada, and its major buildings are remnants of its history and prestige as the first British colonial capital. The city of St. John's has had a long history, with inhabitation dating to the 16th century onwards. As the city grew, so, too, did the landscape. Buildings took a variety of styles according to the styles and means available to build the structures. Starting as a fishing outpost for European fishermen, St. John's consisted mostly of the homes of fishermen, sheds, storage shacks, and wharves. Of course, these structures were small and constructed out of wood. Like many other cities of the time, as the Industrial Revolution took hold and new methods and materials for construction were introduced, the landscape changed as the city grew in width and height. The
377:
236:
is a group of three buildings surrounding a central courtyard. The building was originally used by the merchant
Richard O'Dwyer as a warehouse for exporting salt fish and importing other goods. At the time it was built there would have been many similar buildings along the waterfront but this is the only one that survives. The other three buildings on this block are mercantile buildings. They are all three-and-a-half story buildings with space for storefronts on street level and dwelling space on the upper floors. Because the buildings on this block were made of stone they were able to withstand the
199:
324:. The Queen Anne style was reserved for the largest and most luxurious houses at the time. The most notable example of this style of architecture is Winterholme, located next to Bannerman Park in the center of the city. The house was built in 1905 for Sir Marmaduke Winter, a wealthy merchant in St. John's. At the time it was one of the most expensive homes ever built in the city. It has many features typical of Queen Anne revival style architecture including an asymmetrical facade,
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30:
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708:
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After the restrictions on building residential structures were lifted, more substantial structures started to be built in St. John's. After the fires in the early 1800s the government took steps to reduce the risk of fire in the city. Residents were encouraged to build with brick or stone but because
235:
There are several commercial buildings from this period that have survived to this day. Most notably, the section of Water Street between Becks Cove and
Adelaide St. This includes The Murray Premises, The O'Dwyer Block, The Thompson Building and the Yellow Belly Corner Building. The Murray Premises
130:
The oldest church in St. John's, St. Thomas' Anglican Church, was built in 1835-36 for the
British Garrison at St. John's. The church is an example of early gothic revival architecture, a style which would be seen later in larger churches like St. Patricks and the Anglican Cathedral of St. John the
131:
Baptist. The architect who designed the church was
Patrick Keough who also designed Government house and the Presentation Convent. The church was built mostly of local spruce and pine. The design of the church is noteworthy because of the spire, a feature which was not common before the 1840s.
295:
In 1892 a fire swept through the downtown core of St. John's, destroying nearly all of the wooden buildings and many of the stone and brick bath houses as well leaving naked people to run through the burning streets. In the wake of the fire there was a large influx of money from insurance and
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781:
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and hooded dormer windows on the top floor. The houses are typically three stories and are attached on one or both sides. Examples of
Southcott and Southcott-inspired row houses can be seen throughout the downtown, with notable examples on Gower Street and Cochrane Street.
90:
imposed restrictions on the construction of homes in St. John's to discourage permanent settlement. These restrictions remained in place until 1820. Most of the buildings built during this period were small, single story wooden homes and buildings related to the fishery.
231:
but the church was rebuilt using the original plans. The original design had included a spire but it was never built. The congregation is currently raising money to complete the spire but to date they have not raised enough to pay the expected cost of $ 3,000,000.
214:
destroyed the stone that was imported for the building. Construction was resumed after the fire and the Nave of the building was completed in 1850. The construction of the Choir and
Transept sections was not completed until 1885, giving the cathedral a
2173:
75:
2002:
723:
1888:
303:
style. This style of building was also known locally as the "Southcott Style" after the firm of J. & J.T. Southcott who introduced it to the city. The distinguishing features of this style of house are a
163:
there was a period of reconstruction in St. John's. After the fire the use of brick and stone as building material became much more popular. Many of the stone buildings from this period survive to this day.
183:
style. It is notable for being one of the earliest examples of
Romanesque Revival architecture in North America. The structure of the building was made of sandstone from a quarry on Kelly's Island in
1942:
728:
2178:
256:, Patrick Street. Roman Catholic Church built in the gothic revival style. Tallest building in Newfoundland from its completion in 1881 until the completion of the Confederation Building in 1959.
2084:
1972:
1911:
296:
donations which led to a building boom in the city. Many of the buildings that were built during this time are still standing and give the downtown of St. John's its distinctive character.
191:
and the mouldings, cornices and window frames were made from granite from Dublin. Upon its completion the
Basilica was the second largest church building in North America. It survived the
1626:
179:, was completed. The construction was started in 1839 but was delayed while the city was rebuilding after the fire. The Basilica was designed by Ole Joergen Schmidt of Hamburg in the
1881:
1704:
328:
over the porch and windows, stacked bay windows and a circular corner tower. Other houses built in the Queen Anne Style during this time include Howard House on
Garrison Hill.
2099:
227:
style. This style would prove to be popular in St. John's and would become the dominant style of church construction in the city. The roof and interior were destroyed in the
370:
106:, it was originally built as a military barracks in 1804 and is likely the oldest surviving building in St. John's. Two other examples of buildings of the same style are
2149:
1874:
207:
86:
Although St. John's has been inhabited since the 16th century, there remain very few buildings constructed before 1820. Starting in 1764 the
Governor of Newfoundland,
68:
56:
because of its hilly terrain and steep maze of residential streets, housing in St. John's is typically painted in bright colours, unlike most other parts of Canada.
64:
1619:
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59:
Due to St. John's being the oldest English settlement in North America to have grown into a city, many of its buildings have been designated by either the
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1897:
376:
407:
253:
1789:
1612:
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1739:
1967:
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60:
114:. The dates of construction for these two buildings are unknown but they were likely constructed around the same time as Anderson House.
2125:
1962:
123:
of the expense of these two materials wood remained a popular building material. As a result, the core of the city was destroyed in the
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1359:
1719:
1691:
1177:
910:
819:
2033:
1824:
1794:
1699:
641:
176:
1957:
1779:
1729:
94:
The most common form of residential building in this period was a one-and-a-half or two-and-a-half story wooden house with a
99:
1952:
1809:
1774:
982:
321:
271:. A gothic revival style church built in 1873. Notable for being one of the only concrete sheathed churches in St. John's.
2007:
1997:
1987:
1937:
1784:
1749:
1804:
1799:
1754:
1659:
268:
2048:
545:
1992:
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1850:
300:
198:
103:
1819:
1764:
1759:
1681:
598:
561:
466:
41:
262:, Military Road. The seat of government in Newfoundland from 1850 to 1959. Built in the Classical Revival Style.
1654:
1285:
956:
2079:
1840:
1814:
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1709:
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and remains the largest church in Newfoundland and the centre of the Roman Catholic Church in Newfoundland.
111:
2028:
1855:
1714:
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1649:
1641:
733:
711:
49:
33:
2058:
275:
2130:
2094:
1845:
220:
52:
core, and most residential and other wood-frame buildings date from this period. Often compared to
2043:
432:
Tallest building in St. John's from 1888 to 1959 (71 years). St. Patrick's Church closed in 2022.
2053:
2023:
237:
228:
211:
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45:
17:
1173:
906:
815:
259:
2120:
1311:
1263:
1215:
1193:
879:
857:
835:
210:. The cornerstone for the cathedral was laid in 1843 but construction was delayed when the
1982:
580:
287:
107:
265:
Devon House, Duckworth St. A distinctive stone house on the east end of Duckworth Street.
278:. Built in 1885. One of the first examples of a Second Empire style house in St. John's.
1932:
539:
320:
The other major style of residential architecture after the great fire of 1892 was the
224:
184:
1496:
1471:
1446:
1333:
2167:
1587:
1565:
1543:
1521:
1399:
1377:
1360:"Court approves sale of 43 Catholic church properties to settle abuse victims claims"
87:
53:
1421:
647:
167:
789:
760:
574:
312:
305:
29:
1604:
216:
990:
927:
707:
413:
1977:
1947:
1866:
448:
299:
The most popular style for residential construction during this time was the
2104:
2089:
325:
680:
483:
615:
127:
and few buildings built in this period have survived to the present day.
95:
513:
250:, Duckworth St. The first commercial bank in Newfoundland built in 1849.
206:
The other major church constructed during this period was the Anglican
188:
1143:"Basilica of St. John the Baptist National Historic Site of Canada"
724:
List of tallest buildings in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
706:
311:
286:
240:
with minimal damage while nearby wooden buildings were destroyed.
197:
166:
28:
2174:
Buildings and structures in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
1870:
1608:
1172:. St. John's: Newfoundland Book Publishers. pp. 141–142.
679:
666:
Tallest building in St. John's from 1855 to 1888 (33 years).
646:
614:
579:
512:
482:
447:
412:
375:
243:
Other notable buildings that survive from this period are:
729:
List of buildings in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
98:. One notable building that survives from this period was
1334:"Confederation Building, St. John's - SkyscraperPage.com"
1286:"George Street United Church Municipal Heritage Building"
223:, one of the most prolific architects in Britain, in the
905:. St. John's: Newfoundland Book Publishers. p. 65.
814:. St. John's: Newfoundland Book Publishers. p. 65.
2113:
2067:
2016:
1925:
1904:
1833:
1690:
1640:
1497:"351 Water Street, St. John's - SkyscraperPage.com"
219:shape. The cathedral was designed by the architect
134:Other buildings that survive from this period are:
1170:Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, Vol. 1
903:Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, Vol. 1
812:Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, Vol. 1
2179:History of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
1447:"Cabot Place I, St. John's - SkyscraperPage.com"
1422:"St. John's Skyscraper Map - SkyscraperPage.com"
957:"St. Thomas' Church Municipal Heritage Building"
69:Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador
1472:"Fortis Place, St. John's - SkyscraperPage.com"
2100:St. John's International Women's Film Festival
175:In 1855 the largest church in St. John's, the
171:Façade of the Basilica of St. John the Baptist
150:St. Michaels Convent, Bonaventure Ave. (1827)
1882:
1620:
1013:"Christ Church Registered Heritage Structure"
202:Nave of the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist
187:. The building was faced with limestone from
8:
65:Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada
395:Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
1889:
1875:
1867:
1627:
1613:
1605:
786:Directory of Federal Heritage Designations
757:Directory of Federal Heritage Designations
335:
291:Second Empire style houses on Cochrane St.
744:
248:Bank of British North America Building
147:Harris Cottage, Monkstown Road (1833)
7:
141:Retreat Cottage, Kennas Hill (1834)
928:"The Great St. John's Fire of 1846"
74:As of 2012, St. John's contains 21
40:The architecture of St. John's, in
2039:Newfoundland Growlers (basketball)
1566:"Basilica of St. John the Baptist"
1117:"St. Michael's Convent, Belvedere"
360:
25:
208:Cathedral of St. John the Baptist
138:Christ Church, Quidi Vidi (1842)
76:National Historic Sites of Canada
63:(upon the recommendations of the
2145:
2144:
2126:St. John's International Airport
1358:Gillis, Heather (18 July 2022).
642:Basilica of St. John the Baptist
544:
177:Basilica of St. John the Baptist
144:Stone House, Kennas Hill (1835)
18:Architecture of St. John's
1194:"Basilica of John the Baptist"
560:Tallest mixed-use building in
1:
1635:Architecture of North America
926:Baker, Melvin (Summer 1983).
465:Tallest office building in
269:George Street United Church
61:Minister of the Environment
2195:
1168:Smallwood, Joseph (1981).
987:St. Thomas' Church Website
901:Smallwood, Joseph (1981).
810:Smallwood, Joseph (1981).
2139:
655:45.7 m (150 ft)
599:Newfoundland and Labrador
562:Newfoundland and Labrador
551:47.6 m (156 ft)
467:Newfoundland and Labrador
102:. Located at the base of
42:Newfoundland and Labrador
2049:Royal St. John's Regatta
1290:Canada's Historic Places
1242:Canada's Historic Places
1147:Canada's Historic Places
1121:Canada's Historic Places
1095:Canada's Historic Places
1069:Canada's Historic Places
1043:Canada's Historic Places
1017:Canada's Historic Places
961:Canada's Historic Places
2080:Arts and Culture Centre
880:"Martin McNamara House"
688:45 m (148 ft)
623:47 m (154 ft)
588:47 m (154 ft)
521:48 m (157 ft)
491:49 m (161 ft)
456:59 m (194 ft)
421:60 m (197 ft)
384:64 m (210 ft)
1378:"St. Patrick's Church"
1314:. NL Heritage Web Site
1266:. NL Heritage Web Site
1218:. NL Heritage Web Site
1216:"St. Patrick's Church"
1196:. NL Heritage Web Site
932:Newfoundland Quarterly
882:. NL Heritage Web Site
860:. NL Heritage Web Site
838:. NL Heritage Web Site
714:
684:
651:
619:
584:
575:Delta St. John's Hotel
517:
487:
452:
417:
380:
371:Confederation Building
317:
292:
203:
172:
48:destroyed most of the
37:
1968:National War Memorial
710:
683:
650:
618:
583:
516:
486:
451:
416:
379:
315:
290:
201:
170:
112:Martin McNamara House
32:
2131:Newfoundland Railway
2095:Nickel Film Festival
1590:. SkyscraperPage.com
1568:. SkyscraperPage.com
1546:. SkyscraperPage.com
1524:. SkyscraperPage.com
1402:. SkyscraperPage.com
1380:. SkyscraperPage.com
408:St. Patrick's Church
254:St. Patrick's Church
221:George Gilbert Scott
71:as historic places.
2044:Newfoundland Rogues
2029:Mary Brown's Centre
1963:Memorial University
1238:"Colonial Building"
734:Downtown St. John's
712:Downtown St. John's
442:John Cabot Building
34:Downtown St. John's
2059:St. Patrick's Park
2054:Swilers Rugby Park
2024:King George V Park
1898:City of St. John's
1501:skyscraperpage.com
1476:skyscraperpage.com
1451:skyscraperpage.com
1426:skyscraperpage.com
1338:skyscraperpage.com
715:
685:
652:
620:
585:
518:
488:
453:
418:
381:
318:
293:
276:Rennie's Mill Road
238:Great Fire of 1892
229:Great Fire of 1892
212:Great Fire of 1846
204:
193:Great Fire of 1892
181:Lombard Romanesque
173:
161:Great Fire of 1846
125:Great Fire of 1846
46:Great Fire of 1892
38:
2161:
2160:
2003:Tallest buildings
1864:
1863:
1065:"The Stone House"
1039:"Retreat Cottage"
858:"Mallard Cottage"
702:
701:
597:Tallest hotel in
332:Tallest buildings
260:Colonial Building
16:(Redirected from
2186:
2148:
2147:
2034:Memorial Stadium
1891:
1884:
1877:
1868:
1825:Washington, D.C.
1629:
1622:
1615:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1588:"Southcott Hall"
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1400:"Cabot Place II"
1396:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1091:"Harris Cottage"
1087:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:
989:. Archived from
979:
973:
972:
970:
968:
953:
947:
946:
944:
942:
923:
917:
916:
898:
892:
891:
889:
887:
876:
870:
869:
867:
865:
854:
848:
847:
845:
843:
836:"Anderson House"
832:
826:
825:
807:
801:
800:
798:
796:
778:
772:
771:
769:
767:
749:
548:
540:351 Water Street
444:(Cabot Place II)
393:The home of the
362:
336:
322:Queen Anne style
21:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2135:
2109:
2063:
2012:
1983:Quidi Vidi Lake
1958:Grand Concourse
1921:
1900:
1895:
1865:
1860:
1829:
1686:
1636:
1633:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1571:
1569:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1544:"Scotia Centre"
1542:
1541:
1537:
1527:
1525:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1505:
1503:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1480:
1478:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1455:
1453:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1430:
1428:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1383:
1381:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1317:
1315:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1295:
1293:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1269:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1247:
1245:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1221:
1219:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1199:
1197:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1180:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1152:
1150:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1126:
1124:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1100:
1098:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1074:
1072:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1048:
1046:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1022:
1020:
1011:
1010:
1006:
996:
994:
993:on 5 April 2013
981:
980:
976:
966:
964:
955:
954:
950:
940:
938:
925:
924:
920:
913:
900:
899:
895:
885:
883:
878:
877:
873:
863:
861:
856:
855:
851:
841:
839:
834:
833:
829:
822:
809:
808:
804:
794:
792:
780:
779:
775:
765:
763:
751:
750:
746:
742:
720:
704:
660:
443:
426:
334:
285:
157:
120:
108:Mallard Cottage
84:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2192:
2190:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2166:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2114:Transportation
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2071:
2069:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1973:Neighbourhoods
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1933:Bannerman Park
1929:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1871:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
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1688:
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1685:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1657:
1646:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1624:
1617:
1609:
1602:
1601:
1579:
1557:
1535:
1513:
1488:
1463:
1438:
1413:
1391:
1369:
1350:
1325:
1312:"Kelvin House"
1303:
1292:. Parks Canada
1277:
1255:
1244:. Parks Canada
1229:
1207:
1185:
1178:
1160:
1149:. Parks Canada
1134:
1123:. Parks Canada
1108:
1097:. Parks Canada
1082:
1071:. Parks Canada
1056:
1045:. Parks Canada
1030:
1019:. Parks Canada
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2075:Architecture
2074:
2008:Water Street
1938:Bowring Park
1917:City Council
1785:Philadelphia
1765:Miami Modern
1750:Jacksonville
1671:
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1582:
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991:the original
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830:
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790:Parks Canada
785:
776:
764:. Retrieved
761:Parks Canada
756:
753:"St. John's"
747:
703:
509:Fortis Place
319:
306:mansard roof
298:
294:
283:1892 to 1949
242:
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155:1846 to 1892
133:
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118:1820 to 1846
93:
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26:
1993:Signal Hill
1805:San Antonio
1800:Puerto Rico
1770:New Orleans
1755:Kansas City
1660:Quebec City
1318:26 November
1296:26 November
1270:26 November
1248:26 November
1222:26 November
1200:20 November
1153:21 November
1127:21 November
1101:21 November
1075:21 November
1049:21 November
1023:21 November
997:21 November
967:21 November
941:21 November
886:21 November
864:21 November
842:20 November
782:"St. Johns"
316:Winterholme
217:Latin Cross
104:Signal Hill
2168:Categories
1978:Pippy Park
1948:Cape Spear
1905:Government
1851:Costa Rica
1672:St. John's
1528:1 February
1506:28 October
1481:28 October
1456:28 October
1431:28 October
1406:1 February
1384:1 February
1343:28 October
740:References
159:After the
2105:The Rooms
2090:LSPU Hall
1943:Buildings
1926:Geography
1820:St. Louis
1760:Las Vegas
1705:Allentown
1682:Vancouver
326:pediments
67:) or the
2150:Category
2121:Metrobus
1795:Portland
1790:Plymouth
1730:Columbus
1655:Montreal
1364:CBC News
795:6 August
766:6 August
718:See also
342:Building
96:hip roof
50:downtown
2068:Culture
1841:Bermuda
1815:Seattle
1745:Houston
1735:Detroit
1725:Chicago
1720:Buffalo
1710:Atlanta
1677:Toronto
1594:1 March
1572:2 March
1550:1 March
2085:People
2017:Sports
1912:Mayors
1856:Mexico
1834:Others
1715:Boston
1700:Albany
1667:Ottawa
1650:Quebec
1642:Canada
1176:
909:
818:
351:Floors
348:Height
189:Galway
1780:Omaha
936:LXXIX
357:Notes
345:Image
1846:Cuba
1596:2011
1574:2011
1552:2011
1530:2011
1508:2019
1483:2019
1458:2019
1433:2019
1408:2011
1386:2011
1345:2019
1320:2012
1298:2012
1272:2012
1250:2012
1224:2012
1202:2012
1174:ISBN
1155:2012
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1103:2012
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999:2012
969:2012
943:2012
907:ISBN
888:2012
866:2012
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816:ISBN
797:2012
768:2012
694:1964
663:1855
629:1987
594:1987
557:2013
527:2014
497:1988
462:1996
429:1888
390:1959
354:Year
339:Rank
110:and
673:10
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361:Ref
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36:.
20:)
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