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374:(hard, bony flap that protects the gills). The color in females is plainer with spotted opercula. Its size is dependent on how old the fish is. A Sacramento perch at age 1 would measure 6–13 cm, at age 2 it would be 12–19 cm, and the growth rate will begin to slow. The largest of this species ever recorded was 73 cm
506:
systems. Aquaponics farms in
California are incorporating the use of this endangered species in their systems for growing vegetables. This also serves as a restoration project for breeding Sacramento perch in order to release them back into native waters and add diversity to the wild population. With
480:
them, but spawning can also occur side by side with sperm and egg being released at the same time. The male cares for the fertilized eggs for several days until they hatch, defending them against predators. When the eggs hatch they are tiny planktonic fish which rise to the surface to feed and grow
365:
This species is a deep-bodied fish with long dorsal and anal fins. The mouth is large with numerous small teeth found on its jaws, tongue, and roof of its mouth. Its scales are large and brown on the sides and top of the fish and create a metallic greenish-purple shine. The
Sacramento perch is most
471:
occurs from late March through early August, with peak times being late May and Early June when water temperatures are between 18 and 29 °C. The
Sacramento perch reaches breeding age at 2–3 years old. The perch gather in shallow waters usually where there are rock piles, submerged roots, or
280:
The
Sacramento perch's native habitat is in sluggish, heavily vegetated, waters of sloughs and lakes. It can reach a maximum overall length of 73 cm (29 in) and a maximum weight of 1.4 kg (3.1 lb), and it has been reported to live as long as nine years. Its adaptability to
507:
the rising temperatures in
California, the mosquito population has been growing. A study shows that Sacramento perch bred in captivity prefer eating mosquito larvae. These results show that this species has the potential to be used to help control these growing populations in California
523:, where the Sacramento perch were abundant at one time but due to the construction of heavy infrastructure, could not persist. This species is now being reintroduced upstream of its native habitats in gravel pit ponds. However, due to limited genetic diversity,
390:
at elevations below 100 m. The
Sacramento perch was very popular for recreational fishing. It was so abundant that this species was commonly used as a food fish eaten regularly. It inhabited sloughs, slow-moving rivers of the
459:
larvae. Smaller perches mostly feed on small crustaceans and as they grow larger move on to aquatic insects and even other fish. This fish is most active at dawn and dusk, but can feed at any time of the day or night.
472:
other substrates nearby. The males each defend their own small territories and dig nests for the females to lay their eggs in. These nest areas are vigorously defended from other males by chasing, biting, and flaring
707:
Schwartz, May, R.S., B. (2008). "Genetic
Evaluation of Isolated Populations for use in Reintroductions Reveals Significant Genetic Bottlenecks in Potential Stocks of Sacramento Perch".
531:. To prevent this, reintroduction programs have been pulling only the most diverse fish from current populations and closely monitoring the diversity of the new populations using
494:
The
Sacramento perch is a very resilient species of fish with a wide range of diet. It is adapted to withstand low water clarity, high temperatures, even water with high
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and other surface organisms. The
Sacramento perch is an opportunistic species and will generally prey upon whatever is in abundance and have even been shown to eat
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midge larvae and pupae found on the bottom or in aquatic plants during winter months. During the summer months, this fish will mostly feed on
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511:. Although populations of Sacramento perch are not as numerous today as they were in the past, many programs today are focusing on
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different habitats is high, and it can survive on a wide variety of food sources. As young perch, they consume mainly small
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belongs to the family
Centrarchidae. This family mainly includes species of sunfish. Although called the Sacramento perch,
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populations of Sacramento perch that are still maintaining themselves and those reside in Clear Lake and
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flaps at each other. Females spawn by releasing their eggs into the nest followed by the male quickly
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423:. Sacramento perch are quite rare now and found primarily in warm, turbid, and alkaline farm ponds,
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all-tackle world record for the species stands at 1.44 kg (3 lb 3 oz) caught from
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identifiable by its irregular vertical bars. Breeding males and females are slightly sexually
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Newell, C. (2013). "Pudah Creek and Cashe Creek as Suitable Habitats for Sacramento Perch".
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Aquatic insects are critical to the Sacramento perch's diet. This fish mostly feeds on
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Bay Delta Fish You've Never Heard Of: Sacramento Perch; by Chris Clarke; July 9, 2015
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Miller, C. (2011). "Preliminary Report on Feeding Trials of Sacramento Perch".
502:, which is why this native species has been chosen as the primary fish used in
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427:, and recreational lakes that it has been introduced into. There are only two
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for a couple weeks before settling down into the vegetation at the bottom.
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407:. This species has been eliminated from 90% of its natural habitat due to
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357:
references the irregular vertical bar markings on the sides of the fish.
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117:
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353:, derives from the Greek άρχος (ruler) and οπλίτης (bearing a shield).
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them across California waterways again. Potential habitats include
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Historically, the Sacramento perch was found throughout the
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370:in color. The males become darker and have purple
308:strictly speaking; the perches are members of the
773:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22697611A93624242.en
273:, but widely introduced throughout the western
709:Transactions of the American Fisheries Society
694:. University of California Press, pp. 376–380.
597:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T202432A2744850.en
321:. This species is also the only member of the
8:
733:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
435:drainage as well as gravel pit ponds in the
923:
59:
40:
31:
771:
595:
627:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
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335:is currently the only species of genus
826:
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543:The Sacramento perch is considered a
7:
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759:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
583:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
253:) is an endangered sunfish (family
259:Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta
25:
289:and then smaller fish as adults.
285:and eventually move on to insect
1193:IUCN Red List endangered species
887:
873:
84:
748:BirdLife International (2016).
910:New International Encyclopedia
343:had originally assigned it to
1:
388:Central Valley of California
1203:Endemic fauna of California
692:Inland Fishes of California
1239:
1218:Salinas River (California)
752:Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
421:interspecific competition
325:that resides west of the
219:
212:
193:
186:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
904:"Sacramento Perch"
766:: e.T22697611A93624242.
653:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
485:Relationship with people
967:Archoplites interruptus
937:Archoplites interruptus
895:Archoplites interruptus
881:Archoplites interruptus
657:Archoplites interruptus
621:Archoplites interruptus
576:Archoplites interruptus
555:in California in 1995.
399:rivers, and lakes with
298:Archoplites interruptus
250:Archoplites interruptus
223:Centrarchus interruptus
197:Archoplites interruptus
1208:Fish described in 1854
825:Cite journal requires
527:has occurred in these
1152:Paleobiology Database
590:: e.T202432A2744850.
231:Centrarchus maculosus
884:at Wikimedia Commons
572:NatureServe (2013).
529:isolated populations
349:. The generic name,
845:"Perch, Sacramento"
690:Moyle, P.B. (1976)
667:. May 2023 version.
490:Restoration efforts
437:Calaveras Reservoir
409:habitat destruction
401:emergent vegetation
179:A. interruptus
51:Conservation status
419:fish species, and
1223:San Joaquin River
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1179:
1139:Open Tree of Life
929:Taxon identifiers
878:Media related to
799:Fisheries Science
721:10.1577/t07-241.1
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35:Sacramento perch
16:(Redirected from
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1213:Sacramento River
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464:Breeding pattern
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623:(Girard, 1854)"
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533:genetic markers
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27:Species of fish
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898:at Wikispecies
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868:External links
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333:A. interruptus
317:in the family
302:A. interruptus
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413:egg predation
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275:United States
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267:Salinas River
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255:Centrarchidae
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188:Binomial name
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777:. Retrieved
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729:cite journal
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601:. Retrieved
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553:Crowley Lake
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382:Distribution
376:total length
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323:centrarchids
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226:Girard, 1854
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29:
1113:NatureServe
1051:iNaturalist
961:Wikispecies
779:13 November
603:13 November
517:Putah Creek
478:fertilizing
361:Description
355:Interruptus
351:Archoplites
346:Centrarchus
337:Archoplites
283:crustaceans
234:Ayres, 1854
159:Archoplites
138:Perciformes
18:Archoplites
1187:Categories
559:References
525:inbreeding
521:Clear Lake
504:aquaponics
500:alkalinity
449:chironomid
425:reservoirs
405:Clear Lake
271:California
66:Endangered
545:game fish
474:opercular
368:dimorphic
304:is not a
269:areas in
173:Species:
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
1118:2.104724
1069:11278899
1025:FishBase
952:Q2152200
946:Wikidata
855:June 15,
849:igfa.org
664:FishBase
509:wetlands
496:salinity
469:Spawning
457:mosquito
453:plankton
417:invasive
403:such as
372:opercula
319:Percidae
293:Taxonomy
214:Synonyms
144:Family:
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
1170:1021622
1043:2394479
913:. 1905.
539:Angling
397:Salinas
327:Rockies
207:, 1854)
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
1157:348677
1144:778317
1131:201701
1095:202432
1082:168175
1017:207374
1001:ECOS:
981:151209
851:. IGFA
632:22 May
547:; the
429:native
393:Pajaro
341:Girard
339:, but
287:larvae
265:, and
263:Pajaro
205:Girard
167:, 1861
1165:WoRMS
1102:NAS:
1064:IRMNG
1056:94516
994:67Q8C
314:Perca
310:genus
306:perch
1126:NCBI
1090:IUCN
1077:ITIS
1038:GBIF
1030:3362
1004:2307
976:BOLD
857:2019
831:help
781:2021
764:2016
735:link
634:2023
605:2021
588:2013
549:IGFA
519:and
498:and
443:Diet
395:and
243:The
165:Gill
1105:374
1012:EoL
989:CoL
768:doi
717:doi
713:137
592:doi
415:by
1189::
1167::
1154::
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1128::
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907:.
847:.
822::
820:}}
816:{{
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727:{{
711:.
699:^
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642:^
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247:(
203:(
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
