490:
538:
60:
1365:
104:
51:
79:
700:
764:
watershed. In preparation for an ESA listing, the US FWS began implementing a "Candidate
Conservation Agreement with Assurances" (CCAA). This agreement protects cooperating landowners from being prosecuted under the ESA "takings" clause so long as they fulfill specific obligations, spelled out in a
711:
Spawning takes place in the spring. Adult fish seek shallow areas of rivers with fine, sand substrate and moderate current. Males are territorial and court females by flashing their colourful dorsal fins; the fins are also used to brace receptive females during the vibratory release of
740:
Arctic grayling are considered a secure species throughout their range. Although some populations at the southern extent of its native range have been extirpated, it remains widespread elsewhere and is not listed on the
720:. The fish are nonguarders: the eggs are left to mix with the substrate. Although the Arctic grayling does not excavate a nest, the highly energetic courtship and mating tends to kick up fine material which covers the
724:. The zygote is small (approximately 3 mm or 0.1 in in diameter) and the embryo will hatch after two to three weeks. The newly hatched embryo remains in the substrate until all the
1119:
765:
contractual arrangement and intended to restore the dwindling population. Finally, in 2014 the FWS determined not to list the grayling under ESA, due to the effectiveness of the CCAA.
521:
spines and by the presence of a larger number of soft rays in these fins. There is a dark midlateral band between the pectoral and pelvic fins, and the flanks may possess a pink
1210:
Summer abundance of Arctic grayling in the Chena River, 2005 by Klaus G Wuttig; Steven M Stroka; Alaska. Division of Sport Fish.; Alaska. Division of
Commercial Fisheries.
672:
The Arctic grayling occurs primarily in cold waters of mid-sized to large rivers and lakes, returning to rocky streams to breed. The various subspecies are omnivorous.
1564:
851:
1777:
1639:
1757:
1068:
1792:
1807:
501:
Arctic grayling grow to a maximum recorded length of 76 cm (30 in) and a maximum recorded weight of 3.8 kg (8.4 lb). Of typical
1716:
1538:
1093:
1590:
957:
1767:
991:
1126:
1797:
937:
489:
1241:
1158:
976:
1772:
1675:
1042:
1175:
FWS (2004). U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service Species Assessment and Listing Priority Assignment Form for fluvial Arctic grayling (
1802:
467:
1595:
953:
1200:
Length and age at maturity of Arctic grayling in the Snake River during 2003 / by Alfred L. DeCicco and Andrew D. Gryska.
757:
537:
1577:
1460:
1176:
1504:
728:
has been absorbed. They emerge at a length of around 12 to 18 mm (0.5 to 0.7 in), at which time they form
1364:
760:(FWS). This unique southernmost population is now extirpated from all areas of the basin with the exception of the
103:
59:
1644:
1517:
435:
423:
1309:
1281:
582:
1734:
1288:
1213:
1203:
1787:
1782:
1349:
749:
586:
494:
1428:
1017:
1390:
1334:
1329:
1299:
1234:
1101:
753:
729:
1125:. Barrow, Alaska, USA. North Slope Borough, Department of Wildlife Management. p. 98. Archived from
1465:
1275:
1195:
Pat Munday's rating of Big Hole
Watershed Committee effectiveness in Big Hole River grayling restoration
621:. Lake dwelling forms of Arctic grayling have been introduced in suitable lake habitats throughout the
198:
1265:
1680:
1486:
1437:
1324:
995:
642:
1354:
1344:
1339:
1314:
506:
68:
1631:
1762:
1319:
1294:
829:
773:
455:
223:
214:
98:
1209:
1199:
1618:
1569:
901:
1652:
1473:
1227:
933:
638:
1667:
1657:
1608:
922:
824:
594:
562:
376:
50:
1442:
1069:"Gone nearly a century, Michigan anglers can again catch Arctic grayling | Bridge Michigan"
634:
622:
614:
431:
419:
369:
1179:
of the Upper
Missouri River), commonly called Montana Arctic grayling. November 30, 2004.
768:
The Arctic grayling is economically important; it is a "key subsistence species" for the
1512:
1499:
761:
732:
at the river margins. The juveniles grow quickly during their first two years of life.
666:
578:
574:
570:
407:
145:
1751:
1603:
1304:
1154:
815:
806:
781:
742:
725:
704:
630:
618:
610:
474:
439:
391:
88:
83:
1707:
1478:
699:
566:
387:
873:
1626:
1551:
1422:
693:
626:
598:
573:. There are remnant native populations of fluvial Arctic grayling in the upper
522:
427:
31:
17:
1375:
769:
673:
590:
550:
514:
379:
165:
155:
1252:
689:
502:
175:
115:
1582:
1413:
1701:
1525:
1452:
1407:
1167:
606:
602:
518:
135:
684:, and fish eggs form the most important food items. Larger specimens of
1729:
1721:
1543:
1530:
1219:
883:. East Stoke, Wareham, U.K.: Institute of Freshwater Ecology. p. 3
777:
658:
646:
558:
415:
411:
403:
365:
1556:
721:
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605:. They occur naturally in the Arctic Ocean basin in Siberia from the
554:
399:
395:
373:
125:
1384:
1194:
681:
536:
505:
appearance, the Arctic grayling is distinguished from the similar
488:
478:
1120:"A Field Guide to the Common Fishes of the North Slope of Alaska"
589:"). Fluvial Arctic grayling have been reestablished in the upper
1189:
713:
662:
1491:
1388:
1223:
669:
populations that live in lakes and spawn in tributary streams.
717:
549:
Arctic grayling are widespread in Arctic Ocean drainages from
458:
from specimens collected in Russia. The name of the genus
1118:
George, Craig; Moulton, Larry; Johnson, Michele (2009).
994:. Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. Archived from
874:"The Ecology and Management of the European Grayling
657:
Several life history forms of Arctic grayling occur:
597:. The native range formerly extended south into the
1691:
1397:
752:once merited a high priority for listing under the
1113:
1111:
529:has been recorded as reaching an age of 18 years.
703:10 in (25 cm) Arctic grayling from the
426:. They were also stocked at Toppings Lake by the
925:; Williams, Ted (2007). "Grayling-Summer 1992".
780:and it is one of the most important species for
541:Native and introduced range of Arctic grayling,
927:About Trout: The Best of Robert J. Behnke from
902:"Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Arctic Grayling"
852:"Synonyms of Thymallus arcticus (Pallas, 1776)"
565:in Canada. They do not occur naturally in the
557:and in Arctic and Pacific drainages to central
665:populations that live and spawn in lakes; and
450:The scientific name of the Arctic grayling is
1235:
343:(Weiss, Knizhin, Kirillov & Froufe, 2006)
8:
830:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T135593A4155692.en
750:population in the upper Missouri river basin
477:originates from the faint smell of the herb
454:. It was named in 1776 by German zoologist
1190:EcoRover blog about Big Hole River grayling
661:populations that live and spawn in rivers;
418:, an introduced population is found in the
1385:
1242:
1228:
1220:
77:
58:
49:
40:
828:
1018:"Arctic Grayling: Sailfish Of The North"
872:Ingram, A.; Ibbotson, A.; Gallagher, M.
698:
434:in Utah, as well as alpine lakes of the
958:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
797:
240:
30:For the butterfly with this name, see
7:
1778:Freshwater fish of the United States
1735:3F02C369-433F-4497-AF21-8B967037A59A
1518:f3394de2-1c2d-4686-9cf9-b8ea1ef30c9d
1758:IUCN Red List least concern species
816:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
932:. Globe Pequot. pp. 157–162.
805:Freyhof, J.; Kottelat, M. (2008).
25:
1793:Fish of the Western United States
1214:Alaska State Publications Program
1204:Alaska State Publications Program
1067:House, Kelly (October 12, 2023).
481:, which emanates from the flesh.
1808:Taxa named by Peter Simon Pallas
1363:
776:, it is raised commercially for
102:
758:US Fish & Wildlife Service
692:and the immature fish feed on
493:Arctic grayling caught in the
1:
1768:Freshwater fish of the Arctic
386:is widespread throughout the
1798:Fauna of the Rocky Mountains
1177:distinct population segment
340:Thymallus arcticus lenensis
332:Thymallus tricolor montanus
316:Thymallus signifer tricolor
252:Thymallus arcticus arcticus
1824:
29:
1372:
1361:
1282:Thymallus baicalolenensis
1261:
462:first given to grayling (
436:Boulder Mountains (Idaho)
430:and in lakes in the high
235:previous scientific names
229:
222:
204:
197:
99:Scientific classification
97:
75:
66:
57:
48:
43:
1171:. February 2012 version.
1157:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
904:. U.S. Geological Survey
1773:Freshwater fish of Asia
1350:Montana Arctic grayling
1310:Yellow-spotted grayling
1289:Thymallus brevicephalus
745:of threatened species.
643:Sierra Nevada Mountains
625:including lakes in the
617:in some tributaries of
587:Montana Arctic grayling
422:and other lakes in the
414:. In the U.S. state of
406:, as well as the upper
1803:Fish described in 1776
1335:Upper Yenisei grayling
1330:East Siberian grayling
1049:. Natureserve Explorer
754:Endangered Species Act
708:
546:
498:
284:Coregonus thymalloides
1094:"arctic grayling web"
823:: e.T135593A4155692.
702:
593:, a tributary of the
571:Columbia river basins
540:
492:
473:by Swedish zoologist
1513:Fauna Europaea (new)
1300:Thymallus burejensis
1132:on November 12, 2017
998:on November 28, 2016
992:"Thymallus arcticus"
954:"Thymallus arcticus"
513:) by the absence of
303:(Valenciennes, 1848)
300:Thymalus ontariensis
1345:Lower Amur grayling
876:Thymallus thymallus
696:and insect larvae.
466:) described in the
69:Conservation status
1443:Thymallus_arcticus
1429:Thymallus arcticus
1399:Thymallus arcticus
1320:Kamchatka grayling
1295:Mongolian grayling
1161:Thymallus arcticus
1045:Thymallus arcticus
980:Kenneth Lee Graham
809:Thymallus arcticus
774:Alaska North Slope
709:
547:
543:Thymallus arcticus
499:
456:Peter Simon Pallas
452:Thymallus arcticus
361:Thymallus arcticus
324:Thymallus montanus
308:Thymallus tricolor
295:(Richardson, 1823)
292:Salmo thymalloides
287:(Richardson, 1823)
279:(Richardson, 1823)
276:Thymallus signifer
271:(Richardson, 1823)
263:(Richardson, 1823)
260:Coregonus signifer
208:Thymallus arcticus
1745:
1744:
1653:Open Tree of Life
1391:Taxon identifiers
1382:
1381:
1340:European grayling
1266:Adriatic grayling
939:978-1-59921-203-6
923:Behnke, Robert J.
707:, Paxson, Alaska.
639:Cascade Mountains
613:drainages and in
507:European grayling
352:
351:
344:
336:
328:
320:
312:
304:
296:
288:
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272:
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256:
248:
237:
92:
16:(Redirected from
1815:
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1416:
1386:
1367:
1325:Kosogol grayling
1244:
1237:
1230:
1221:
1172:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1131:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1105:
1100:. Archived from
1090:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1073:www.bridgemi.com
1064:
1058:
1057:
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645:as far south as
595:Beaverhead River
577:drainage in the
563:British Columbia
468:1758 edition of
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190:T. arcticus
107:
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44:Arctic grayling
41:
21:
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1427:
1426:
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1406:
1393:
1383:
1378:
1368:
1359:
1276:Baikal grayling
1271:Arctic grayling
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977:Fishing Wyoming
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738:
655:
635:Uinta Mountains
623:Rocky Mountains
615:European Russia
535:
487:
470:Systema Naturae
448:
432:Uinta Mountains
424:White Mountains
370:freshwater fish
356:Arctic grayling
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27:Species of fish
23:
22:
18:Arctic Grayling
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12:
11:
5:
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1819:
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1788:Fish of Russia
1785:
1783:Fish of Canada
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1743:
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1693:Salmo arcticus
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1500:Fauna Europaea
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1315:Loire grayling
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1184:External links
1182:
1181:
1180:
1173:
1155:Froese, Rainer
1150:
1149:
1144:
1143:
1107:
1104:on 2007-08-16.
1085:
1059:
1034:
1022:www.denali.org
1009:
983:
969:
945:
938:
929:Trout Magazine
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789:
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772:people of the
762:Big Hole River
737:
734:
654:
651:
583:Red Rock basin
579:Big Hole River
575:Missouri River
534:
531:
527:T. a. arcticus
495:Colville River
486:
483:
447:
444:
408:Missouri River
350:
349:
347:
346:
335:(Milner, 1874)
327:(Milner, 1874)
268:Salmo signifer
255:(Pallas, 1776)
247:(Pallas, 1776)
244:Salmo arcticus
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1355:Yalu grayling
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1306:
1305:Amur grayling
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782:Sport fishing
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756:(ESA) by the
755:
751:
746:
744:
743:IUCN Red List
735:
733:
731:
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705:Gulkana River
701:
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679:
675:
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668:
667:potamodromous
664:
660:
652:
650:
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644:
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636:
633:and the high
632:
631:central Idaho
628:
624:
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619:Pechora river
616:
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475:Carl Linnaeus
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440:central Idaho
437:
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156:Salmoniformes
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84:Least Concern
74:
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35:
34:
19:
1692:
1398:
1287:
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1166:
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1136:November 11,
1134:. Retrieved
1127:the original
1102:the original
1097:
1088:
1076:. Retrieved
1072:
1062:
1051:. Retrieved
1044:
1037:
1025:. Retrieved
1021:
1012:
1000:. Retrieved
996:the original
986:
979:
972:
961:. Retrieved
948:
930:
926:
917:
906:. Retrieved
896:
885:. Retrieved
875:
867:
856:. Retrieved
846:
834:. Retrieved
820:
814:
808:
800:
767:
748:The fluvial
747:
739:
736:Conservation
710:
685:
671:
656:
629:in Wyoming,
553:, Canada to
548:
542:
526:
511:T. thymallus
510:
500:
469:
464:T. thymallus
463:
459:
451:
449:
410:drainage in
383:
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319:(Cope, 1865)
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207:
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189:
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176:
38:
32:
1627:NatureServe
1552:iNaturalist
1423:Wikispecies
1098:www.fws.gov
1078:19 November
1027:19 November
878:(Linnaeus)"
836:19 November
784:in Alaska.
694:zooplankton
690:piscivorous
686:T. arcticus
680:and insect
674:Crustaceans
627:Teton Range
599:Great Lakes
523:iridescence
485:Description
428:Teton Range
384:T. arcticus
33:Oeneis bore
1752:Categories
1708:Q122991525
1376:Salmonidae
1250:Grayling (
1212:Hosted by
1202:Hosted by
1053:2014-02-28
963:2014-02-27
908:2014-02-27
887:2014-02-27
858:2014-02-26
854:. Fishbase
663:lacustrine
653:Life cycle
591:Ruby River
551:Hudson Bay
503:thymalline
420:Lee Valley
380:Salmonidae
166:Salmonidae
1763:Thymallus
1253:Thymallus
793:Citations
637:in Utah,
601:basin in
497:of Alaska
460:Thymallus
184:Species:
177:Thymallus
122:Kingdom:
116:Eukaryota
1702:Wikidata
1632:2.105890
1570:11188892
1526:FishBase
1450:BioLib:
1408:Wikidata
1374:Family:
1168:FishBase
603:Michigan
446:Taxonomy
224:Synonyms
162:Family:
136:Chordata
132:Phylum:
126:Animalia
112:Domain:
89:IUCN 3.1
1730:ZooBank
1722:4409511
1544:5711974
1148:Sources
1002:May 21,
770:Iñupiat
722:zygotes
688:become
678:insects
659:fluvial
647:Arizona
611:Yenisei
559:Alberta
545:in U.S.
416:Arizona
412:Montana
404:Siberia
392:Pacific
372:in the
366:species
364:) is a
172:Genus:
152:Order:
142:Class:
87: (
1681:254571
1668:173824
1665:uBio:
1658:713375
1609:135593
1596:162016
1505:304780
1492:204794
1414:Q81014
936:
730:shoals
682:larvae
567:Fraser
555:Alaska
515:dorsal
402:, and
400:Alaska
396:Canada
388:Arctic
377:family
374:salmon
217:, 1776
215:Pallas
1676:WoRMS
1645:70285
1616:NAS:
1583:61093
1565:IRMNG
1557:51361
1479:56Q7X
1466:71161
1453:15828
1130:(PDF)
1123:(PDF)
881:(PDF)
788:Notes
533:Range
479:thyme
1717:GBIF
1640:NCBI
1604:IUCN
1591:ITIS
1539:GBIF
1531:2693
1461:BOLD
1138:2017
1080:2023
1029:2023
1004:2017
934:ISBN
838:2021
821:2008
778:food
726:yolk
716:and
714:milt
641:and
581:and
569:and
561:and
519:anal
517:and
390:and
382:.
354:The
1619:943
1578:ISC
1487:EoL
1474:CoL
1438:ADW
825:doi
718:roe
609:to
438:in
368:of
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1732::
1719::
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1476::
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1165:.
1110:^
1096:.
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676:,
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607:Ob
585:("
525:.
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966:.
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861:.
840:.
827::
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807:"
509:(
358:(
91:)
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
