138:
to be 24,000 miles (39,000 km). Using this measurement, knowing that earth's circumference is 40,007.683 km makes the Arabic mile little more than 1,666.994 metres. With
Firuzabadi in his famous dictionary saying that a mile equals 3000 old dhira (ie cubit) this makes the dhira about 0.5556647
142:
Another estimate given by his astronomers was 56⅔ Arabic miles (111.8 kilometres (69.5 mi) per degree), which corresponds to a circumference of 40,248 kilometres (25,009 mi), very close to the current values of 111.3 kilometres (69.2 mi) per degree and 40,068 kilometres
67:
to fit an astronomical approximation of 1 minute of an arc of latitude measured along a north–south meridian. The distance between two pillars whose latitudes differed by 1 degree in a north–south direction was measured using sighting pegs along a flat desert plane.
247:(The Book of Curiosities of the Sciences and Marvels for the Eyes), 2.1 "On the mensuration of the Earth and its division into seven climes, as related by Ptolemy and others," (ff. 22b-23a)
317:
275:
Paul Lunde. “Al-Faraghani and the Short Degree.” The Middle East and the Age of
Discovery Aramco World Magazine Exhibition Issue, 43:3. pp. 15–17.
90:(661–750), the "Umayyad mile" was roughly equivalent to 2,285 metres (7,497 ft), or a little more than 2 kilometres (6,600 ft), or about 2
56:
312:
152:
51:. Its precise length is disputed, lying between 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) and 2,000 metres (6,600 ft). It was used by medieval
294:
261:, 2.1" On the mensuration of the Earth and its division into seven Climes, es related by Ptolemy and others, "(ff. 22b-23)
202:
Cytryn-Silverman, Katia (2007). "The Fifth Mīl from
Jerusalem: Another Umayyad Milestone from Southern Bilād Al-shām".
139:
metres which is consistent with the tradition that kaaba height's is 27 dhira and its current height of 15 metres.
322:
135:
79:
used the legal cubit as his unit of measurement, then an Arabic mile was 1,995 meters long. If he used
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111:
107:
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115:
52:
48:
32:
87:
306:
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91:
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83:'s surveying cubit, it was 1,925 meters long or 1.04 nautical miles (1.93 km)
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64:
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Bulletin of the School of
Oriental and African Studies, University of London
126:, in modern Syria. They found the cities to be separated by one degree of
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223:
119:
123:
72:
157:
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distance to be 66⅔ Arabic miles and thus calculated the
143:(24,897 mi) circumference, respectively.
282:Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science
188:
8:
179:
177:
318:Geography in the medieval Islamic world
279:Rashed, Roshdi; Morelon, Régis (1996),
173:
16:Historical unit of length used by Arabs
7:
259:Gharā'ib al-funūn wa-mulah al-+uyūn
245:Gharā'ib al-funūn wa-mulah al-`uyūn
153:Ancient Arabic units of measurement
97:
36:
14:
59:. The predecessor of the modern
1:
313:Obsolete units of measurement
102:Around 830 AD, Caliph
98:Al-Ma'mun's arc measurement
339:
200:See: p. 608 (note 11) in:
94:, for every Umayyad mile.
216:10.1017/S0041977X07000857
189:Rashed & Morelon 1996
106:commissioned a group of
185:Mathematical Geography
130:and the corresponding
75:in an Arabic mile. If
136:Earth's circumference
191:, pp. 185–201)
183:Edward S. Kennedy,
43:) was a historical
112:Muslim geographers
108:Muslim astronomers
63:, it extended the
71:There were 4,000
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187:, pp=187–8, in (
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53:Arab geographers
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323:Units of length
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116:arc measurement
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210:(3): 603–610.
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114:to perform an
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92:biblical miles
88:Umayyad period
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163:Biblical mile
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118:from Tadmur (
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61:nautical mile
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34:
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26:
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270:Bibliography
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184:
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132:meridian arc
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85:
70:
40:
29:Arabian mile
28:
24:
20:
18:
86:During the
77:al-Farghani
57:astronomers
45:Arabic unit
307:Categories
65:Roman mile
287:Routledge
232:162314029
104:Al-Ma'mun
81:al-Ma'mun
224:40378940
147:See also
128:latitude
120:Palmyra
293:
230:
222:
73:cubits
49:length
41:al-mīl
33:Arabic
25:Arabic
228:S2CID
220:JSTOR
169:Notes
124:Raqqa
122:) to
37:الميل
27:, or
291:ISBN
158:mile
110:and
55:and
21:Arab
19:The
212:doi
47:of
309::
289:,
226:.
218:.
208:70
206:.
176:^
39:,
35::
23:,
234:.
214::
31:(
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