448:. The IUCN estimates there are more than 1000 Arabian oryx in the wild, with 6000–7000 held in captivity worldwide in zoos, preserves, and private collections. Some of these are in large fenced enclosures (free-roaming), including those in Syria (Al Talila), Bahrain, Qatar, and UAE. This is the first time the IUCN has re-classified a species as vulnerable after it had been listed as extinct in the wild. The Arabian oryx is also listed in
1975:
410:
17:
367:
has been host to an inter-governmental body known as The
Coordinating Committee for the Conservation of the Arabian Oryx, which oversees the coordination of conservation efforts for this species within the Arabian Peninsula. In 2012, GSCAO carried out an Arabian Oryx Disease Survey which was funded
157:
Five
Arabian oryx were delivered to the Phoenix Zoo in 1963 (four in June and one in September). A baby was born to the herd in October 1963 from a conception en route, and another was born in spring 1964, bringing the starting population of the Phoenix Zoo herd to seven. The four oryx donated by
249:(bovine tuberculosis) in the founder generation, a "buffer generation" was introduced in the herd. Since then, calves produced by the founder herd are removed from their dam immediately after birth and hand-reared. These hand-reared second generation oryx are regularly tested for
1085:
356:. In 2007 the United Arab Emirates started releasing animals into Umm Al Zumul. As of 2009 there have been about 100 animals released. As part of this initiative, a similar program is being developed to reintroduce this extinct species into its natural habitats in Yemen and
375:
The
Arabian oryx are periodically released in protected areas, such as the Qasr Al Sarab Protected Area. As of 2017, it is estimated that around 10,000 Arabian oryx, of which 5,000 are estimated to be in Abu Dhabi, are currently in the United Arab Emirates.
173:
Reintroductions started in 1982 in Oman. As of 2009 there have been reintroductions in Oman, Saudi Arabia, Israel, the United Arab
Emirates, and Jordan. At this time, populations in the United Arab Emirates and Jordan are still not considered in the
215:
as the main reason for this decision. The
Arabian oryx population on the site has been reduced from 450 oryx in 1996 to only 65 in 2007, mostly due to poaching and illegal live capture. There are now fewer than four breeding pairs left on the site.
239:
Between the initial 1986 founding and 1996, 33 additional oryx (including some from the "World Herd") have been introduced to the founder generation of
Arabian oryx at the NWRC. Since 1996, all additions to the population have been through births.
257:
agents, and join the breeding nucleus only when tests are consecutively negative. After breeding, they produce the third generation of oryx, which are tuberculosis free and mother-reared, and of which more than 80% are reintroduced into the wild.
89:. He believed that any oryx still existing would be exterminated within the next few years and recommended that a captive breeding program be started to save the species. Michael Crouch, then Assistant Adviser in the Eastern
44:
in 1963 from only nine oryx and the Saudi
Arabian herd started in 1986 from private collections and some "World Herd" stock by the Saudi National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC). As of 2009 there have been reintroductions in
292:
In Israel the reintroduction program was established in 1978 when four pairs of
Arabian oryx were purchased. At this time the IUCN Redbook reported wild populations totaling 90–100 animals in three locations in Northern
388:
Special
Economic Zone Authority signed a sponsorship agreement in April 2007. Under this agreement, EAD is sponsoring the million three-year project which includes reintroduction of the Arabian oryx into the
305:, and in 2013 they began to spread to the central Negev and the population keeps increasing. In addition to the natural population increase, every year around six animals are released to the wild in Israel.
440:
In 1986, as a result of the reintroduction efforts, the IUCN re-listed the
Arabian oryx from extinct in the wild to endangered. By 2009, the Arabian oryx was protected by law in all areas where it appears.
284:. As of 2009, the IUCN Red List estimates the oryx population on this reserve at about 800 individuals. There is currently some debate about whether animals in this reserve should be considered "wild."
165:, individuals were sent to other zoos and parks (including the San Diego Wild Animal Park) to start their herds. Most of the Arabian oryx in the wild today have ancestors from the Phoenix Zoo.
197:
These oryx became the core of the Oman herd in the wild, though there were several other releases of captive bred animals over the next two decades. The area of their release became the
2034:
1290:
81:
The Arabian oryx was known to be in decline since the early 1900s in the Arabian Peninsula. By the 1930 there were two separate populations isolated from each other. In 1960,
178:(IUCN) Red List wild oryx count. The population in Oman is still receiving supplementary forage, and the introduction into Jordan was after the last update of the Red List.
1150:
313:
prohibition can be enforced, and because of this the Israeli population grows annually. Apart from the wild oryx population in Israel, there are a few dozen oryx in the
1398:
1393:
1028:
175:
653:
325:. The reintroduction of oryx in Israel is one of a few successful programs reintroducing animals into nature in Israel; others include the introduction of the
1795:
469:
1627:
1845:
194:. The oryx were initially kept in large pens outdoors, but were released to the wild on January 31, 1982, in the Omani Central Desert and Coastal Hills.
142:
of Kenya, with help from Manahil and Mahra tribesmen. One male from this group later died of capture stress. The seven donated oryx were: one from the
120:. One of the first captive breeding programs at any zoo, this program had the specific goal of saving and then reintroducing Arabian oryx in the wild.
1963:
1897:
505:
1825:
2039:
2029:
2019:
1143:
2024:
229:
2004:
1116:
93:, drew attention to the fact that each spring, small groups of oryx still emerged onto the gravel plains in the northeast corner of the
1880:
1617:
1892:
1270:
826:
755:
901:
1860:
1386:
1136:
154:. One of the oryx from Sheikh Jaber Abdullah al-Sabah died before delivery as well, leaving nine oryx to start the "World Herd."
1935:
1727:
1666:
1220:
161:
The breeding program at the Phoenix Zoo was very successful, and the zoo celebrated its 225th Arabian oryx birth in 2002. From
929:
708:
186:
By 1980 the number of Arabian oryx in captivity had increased to the point that reintroduction to Oman was attempted from the
2014:
2009:
1644:
1326:
1210:
1170:
314:
273:
615:
269:
desert or "Empty Quarter". As of 2009, the IUCN Red List estimates the oryx population on this reserve at 160 individuals.
224:
Organized captive breeding of the Arabian oryx in Saudi Arabia began in April 1986, when 57 oryx from the farm of the late
1978:
1717:
1552:
1376:
1356:
113:
679:
1940:
1683:
1478:
1473:
1351:
369:
1534:
1110:
1091:
1958:
1865:
1850:
1463:
1366:
1260:
1104:
657:
1800:
1408:
1200:
345:
117:
477:
127:
where another species of oryx already lived and flourished. The Kenyan plan was dropped because of an outbreak of
40:
starting in 1982. Initial reintroduction was primarily from two herds: the "World Herd" originally started at the
1840:
1820:
1805:
1775:
1671:
854:
187:
800:
1999:
1968:
1885:
1855:
1835:
1443:
1361:
1346:
1336:
1311:
1306:
262:
134:
There were originally four individuals captured and seven donated for this project. The four were captured in
955:
560:
1810:
1712:
1659:
1418:
1341:
212:
393:
Protected Area, rehabilitating the habitat, and helping local residents to improve their living standards.
1875:
1870:
1790:
1785:
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1770:
1752:
1737:
1591:
1250:
318:
225:
198:
128:
37:
1122:
1830:
1815:
1636:
1557:
1529:
1524:
1483:
1453:
1448:
1413:
1331:
1275:
1215:
1205:
513:
348:
directed the capture of two breeding pairs of the oryx for the nucleus of a captive-breeding program in
1029:"Arabian Oryx Makes History as First Species to Be Upgraded from "Extinct in the Wild" to "Vulnerable""
535:
384:
The reintroduction project for Jordan began when the Environment Agency of Abu Dhabi (EAD) and the Al
158:
King Saud arrived at the Phoenix Zoo in July 1964, bringing the population of the "World Herd" to 11.
1925:
1915:
1722:
1519:
1468:
1458:
1423:
1321:
1316:
1280:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1180:
1159:
684:
364:
151:
58:
138:(now Yemen) near the border of Oman by an expedition led by the late Major Ian Grimwood, then chief
1732:
1707:
1700:
1622:
1544:
1265:
1255:
1225:
1004:
330:
245:
208:
33:
396:
Twenty oryx (12 males and 8 females) were released into the Wadi Rum Protected Area in July 2009.
1688:
1562:
1493:
1285:
85:
reported that Arabian oryx appeared to be extinct in its former range along the southern edge of
70:
793:"Oman's Arabian Oryx Sanctuary: first site ever to be deleted from UNESCO's World Heritage List"
276:
in 1989. This 2,244 km (866 sq mi) fenced reserve is home to reintroduced oryx,
1945:
1654:
1612:
1498:
1381:
751:
747:
191:
90:
1123:
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List Web site
265:. The reserve covers about 12,000 km (4,600 sq mi) at the western edge of the
1676:
1371:
1195:
999:
778:
322:
266:
162:
86:
1403:
281:
204:
On June 28, 2007, Oman's Arabian Oryx Sanctuary was the first site to be removed from the
830:
915:
423:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
123:
The initial plan of the Fauna and Flora Preservation Society was to establish a herd in
1433:
326:
1993:
1930:
1920:
1693:
1584:
1572:
1567:
990:
981:
740:
597:
445:
82:
66:
1607:
1190:
1017:
Database entry includes justification for why this species is listed as vulnerable.
716:
329:(a proxy for the extinct Syrian onager), and the very successful reintroduction of
250:
94:
50:
25:
619:
108:
was a program of the Phoenix Zoo and the Fauna and Flora Preservation Society of
1053:
139:
41:
777:
Lopez, Larry (1980-05-31). "Arizona Zoo Saves Rare Antelope From Extinction".
353:
143:
233:
1747:
1579:
879:
131:, and the oryx destined for Kenya were shipped to the Phoenix Zoo instead.
16:
1128:
211:. UNESCO cited the Omani government's decision to open 90% of the site to
1503:
1230:
390:
310:
254:
277:
1111:
The Arabian oryx conservation programme in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
858:
1488:
792:
349:
342:
309:
is the only country in which the Arabian oryx was reintroduced where
306:
302:
294:
205:
147:
109:
62:
54:
1061:
561:"Saudi Arabian "conservation programme for Arabian oryx" Web site"
449:
444:
In June 2011, the Arabian oryx was re-listed as vulnerable by the
385:
298:
232:
were brought to the National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) near
124:
15:
564:
849:
847:
357:
135:
46:
1132:
403:
150:
Jaber Abdullah al-Sabah, and two pairs from the collection of
476:. Ministry of Information, Sultanate of Oman. Archived from
539:
821:
819:
817:
272:
A free ranging herd was established in the newly created
261:
Reintroduction of a wild population began in 1995 in the
703:
701:
97:, where he thought a capture attempt would be possible.
746:. Washington, D.C., Covelo, CA: Island Press. pp.
536:"The Arabian Oryx Project (Sultanate of Oman) Web site"
301:
Desert. As of 2014 there are around 130 animals in the
591:
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
1908:
1763:
1600:
1543:
1512:
1432:
1299:
1179:
930:"UAE releases 20 Arabian Oryx in Jordan's Wadi Rum"
902:"Arabian Oryx programme boosts UAE's biodiversity"
739:
680:"Phoenix Zoo helped saved [sic] oryx"
499:
497:
495:
1399:Other effective area-based conservation measures
2035:Nature conservation in the United Arab Emirates
1394:Integrated Conservation and Development Project
1005:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T15569A50191626.en
176:International Union for Conservation of Nature
1144:
643:. Fauna and Flora Preservation Society, 1960.
8:
602:The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017
980:IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2017).
596:IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2017).
352:, which would lead to the formation of the
1151:
1137:
1129:
1003:
504:Stanley-Price, Mark (July–August 1982).
20:Arabian oryx at Chay Bar Yotvata, Israel
461:
855:"The Arabian Oryx Project (regional)"
709:"The Arabian Oryx Project – Timeline"
7:
956:"The Arabian oryx returns to Jordan"
803:from the original on 18 January 2008
512:. Saudi Aramco World. Archived from
370:Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi (EAD)
230:King Khalid Wildlife Research Center
991:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
715:. Sultanate of Oman. Archived from
654:"Phoenix Zoo Species Survival Plan"
32:), also called the white oryx, was
1086:"Operation Oryx" resurrects a myth
14:
1271:Conservation biology of parasites
263:'Uruq Bani Ma'arid Protected Area
1974:
1973:
1387:Tropical rainforest conservation
1291:Vulnerability and susceptibility
408:
317:, a few breeding couples in the
116:), with financial help from the
1936:NatureServe conservation status
1221:Conservation-induced extinction
1105:The Arabian Oryx Project (Oman)
1327:Conservation management system
1211:Conservation-dependent species
1171:Index of conservation articles
1117:ARKive Web site (Arabian Oryx)
1107:archive Retrieved 21 June 2011
1092:Oryx Antelopes: A Bibliography
900:Gulf News (23 November 2017).
827:"Captive Breeding at the NWRC"
678:McKinnon, Shaun (2010-11-15).
315:Yotvata Hai-Bar Nature Reserve
274:Mahazat as-Sayd Protected Area
1:
2040:Nature conservation in Israel
2030:Nature conservation in Jordan
1553:Assisted natural regeneration
1357:Ecoregion conservation status
341:In the early 1960s, the late
114:Fauna and Flora International
2020:Conservation-reliant species
1941:Special Area of Conservation
1479:Landscape-scale conservation
1474:High conservation value area
1352:Community-based conservation
1027:Platt, John (17 June 2011).
954:Hume, Jessica (2009-07-31).
797:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
641:A Look at Threatened Species
2025:Nature conservation in Oman
1959:List of conservation issues
1367:Evidence-based conservation
1261:Mutualisms and conservation
1125:Retrieved 25 September 2009
1119:Retrieved 25 September 2009
1094:Retrieved 25 September 2009
1088:Retrieved 25 September 2009
2056:
2005:Mammals of the Middle East
1409:Roadless area conservation
1201:Compassionate conservation
1054:"Appendices I, II and III"
346:Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan
226:King Khalid bin Abdul Aziz
188:San Diego Wild Animal Park
118:World Wide Fund for Nature
69:classifies the species as
1954:
1166:
616:"Historical distribution"
417:This section needs to be
1796:Central African Republic
1444:Conservation designation
1362:Environmental protection
1347:Conspicuous conservation
1337:Conservation photography
1312:Conservation development
1307:Conservation agriculture
321:and a small herd in the
152:King Saud bin Abdul Aziz
38:reintroduced to the wild
1535:Human–wildlife conflict
1419:Site-based conservation
1342:Conservation psychology
1160:Conservation of species
742:Last Animals at the Zoo
372:, in the range states.
253:and a variety of other
1592:Species reintroduction
1251:Latent extinction risk
1113:Retrieved 21 June 2011
1033:scientificamerican.com
506:"The Yalooni Transfer"
363:Since March 1999, the
319:Jerusalem Biblical Zoo
243:Due to an outbreak of
199:Arabian Oryx Sanctuary
129:hoof-and-mouth disease
21:
2015:Wildlife conservation
2010:Animal reintroduction
1964:List of organisations
1618:Hawaiian honeycreeper
1558:Ecosystem restoration
1530:Habitat fragmentation
1525:Fortress conservation
1484:Marine protected area
1454:Conservation easement
1449:Conservation district
1414:Roadside conservation
1332:Conservation movement
1276:Species translocation
1216:Conservation genetics
1206:Conservation behavior
998:: e.T15569A50191626.
738:Tudge, Colin (1992).
65:, and as of 2013 the
19:
1926:Planetary boundaries
1916:Conservation officer
1520:Conservation refugee
1469:Habitat conservation
1459:Conservation reserve
1424:Wetland conservation
1322:Conservation grazing
1317:Conservation finance
1281:Conservation welfare
1246:In-situ conservation
1241:Extinction threshold
1236:Ex-situ conservation
685:The Arizona Republic
510:saudiaramcoworld.com
365:Emirate of Abu Dhabi
337:United Arab Emirates
77:Decline of a species
59:United Arab Emirates
36:as of 1972, but was
1266:Nature conservation
1256:Marine conservation
1226:Conservation status
331:Persian fallow deer
246:Mycobacterium bovis
209:World Heritage List
34:extinct in the wild
1563:Island restoration
1494:Open space reserve
1286:Threatened species
918:. Arabianoryx.org.
916:"UAE Fact Profile"
470:"The Arabian Oryx"
190:to Jaaluni in the
22:
1987:
1986:
1946:Soil conservation
1499:Wildlife corridor
1382:Forest protection
1377:Forest management
438:
437:
192:Jiddat al-Harasis
91:Aden Protectorate
2047:
1977:
1976:
1861:Papua New Guinea
1753:Cryopreservation
1718:Gray nurse shark
1372:Flagship species
1196:Captive breeding
1153:
1146:
1139:
1130:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1007:
977:
971:
970:
968:
967:
951:
945:
944:
942:
941:
926:
920:
919:
912:
906:
905:
897:
891:
890:
888:
887:
876:
870:
869:
867:
866:
857:. Archived from
851:
842:
841:
839:
838:
829:. Archived from
823:
812:
811:
809:
808:
789:
783:
782:
779:Associated Press
774:
768:
767:
765:
764:
745:
735:
729:
728:
726:
724:
705:
696:
695:
693:
692:
675:
669:
668:
666:
665:
656:. Archived from
650:
644:
637:
631:
630:
628:
627:
618:. Archived from
612:
606:
605:
593:
576:
575:
573:
572:
563:. Archived from
557:
551:
550:
548:
547:
538:. Archived from
532:
526:
525:
523:
521:
501:
490:
489:
487:
485:
480:on 4 August 2011
466:
433:
430:
424:
412:
411:
404:
323:Ramat Gan Safari
87:Ar-Rub' al-Khali
2055:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2000:Mammals of Asia
1990:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1950:
1904:
1759:
1677:Indian elephant
1596:
1539:
1508:
1504:30 by 30 target
1435:
1428:
1404:Riparian buffer
1295:
1182:
1175:
1162:
1157:
1101:
1082:
1077:
1076:
1066:
1064:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1037:
1035:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1010:
1008:
979:
978:
974:
965:
963:
953:
952:
948:
939:
937:
934:uaeinteract.com
928:
927:
923:
914:
913:
909:
899:
898:
894:
885:
883:
878:
877:
873:
864:
862:
853:
852:
845:
836:
834:
825:
824:
815:
806:
804:
791:
790:
786:
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771:
762:
760:
758:
737:
736:
732:
722:
720:
719:on 31 July 2008
707:
706:
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690:
688:
677:
676:
672:
663:
661:
652:
651:
647:
638:
634:
625:
623:
614:
613:
609:
598:"Oryx leucoryx"
595:
594:
579:
570:
568:
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558:
554:
545:
543:
534:
533:
529:
519:
517:
503:
502:
493:
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468:
467:
463:
458:
434:
428:
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422:
413:
409:
402:
382:
339:
290:
282:houbara bustard
222:
213:oil prospecting
184:
171:
169:Reintroductions
103:
79:
12:
11:
5:
2053:
2051:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1992:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1971:
1969:List of people
1966:
1961:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1905:
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1902:
1901:
1900:
1890:
1889:
1888:
1881:United Kingdom
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1767:
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1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1728:Painted turtle
1725:
1720:
1715:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1669:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1652:
1647:
1645:American bison
1639:
1634:
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1620:
1610:
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1602:
1598:
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1565:
1560:
1555:
1549:
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1538:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1516:
1514:
1510:
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1507:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
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1446:
1440:
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1427:
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1401:
1396:
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1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1187:
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1177:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1167:
1164:
1163:
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1127:
1126:
1120:
1114:
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1099:External links
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1089:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1045:
1019:
972:
962:. The National
960:thenational.ae
946:
936:. UAE Interact
921:
907:
892:
871:
843:
813:
784:
769:
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730:
697:
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645:
632:
607:
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491:
460:
459:
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436:
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416:
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398:
381:
378:
338:
335:
327:Persian onager
289:
286:
221:
218:
183:
180:
170:
167:
106:Operation Oryx
102:
101:Operation Oryx
99:
78:
75:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2052:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
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2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
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2003:
2001:
1998:
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1995:
1980:
1972:
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1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1931:IUCN Red List
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1921:De-extinction
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1899:
1896:
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1893:United States
1891:
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1586:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1573:afforestation
1571:
1570:
1569:
1568:Reforestation
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
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1199:
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1055:
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1046:
1034:
1030:
1023:
1020:
1006:
1001:
997:
993:
992:
987:
985:
984:Oryx leucoryx
976:
973:
961:
957:
950:
947:
935:
931:
925:
922:
917:
911:
908:
903:
896:
893:
881:
875:
872:
861:on 2009-03-17
860:
856:
850:
848:
844:
833:on 2011-09-04
832:
828:
822:
820:
818:
814:
802:
798:
794:
788:
785:
780:
773:
770:
759:
757:1-55963-158-9
753:
749:
744:
743:
734:
731:
718:
714:
710:
704:
702:
698:
687:
686:
681:
674:
671:
660:on 2011-07-16
659:
655:
649:
646:
642:
639:Talbot, Lee:
636:
633:
622:on 2011-09-04
621:
617:
611:
608:
603:
599:
592:
590:
588:
586:
584:
582:
578:
567:on 2011-09-04
566:
562:
556:
553:
542:on 2010-03-15
541:
537:
531:
528:
516:on 2011-06-10
515:
511:
507:
500:
498:
496:
492:
479:
475:
471:
465:
462:
455:
453:
451:
447:
446:IUCN Red List
442:
432:
420:
415:
406:
405:
399:
397:
394:
392:
387:
379:
377:
373:
371:
366:
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312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
287:
285:
283:
279:
275:
270:
268:
267:RubĘż al-Khali
264:
259:
256:
252:
248:
247:
241:
237:
235:
231:
227:
219:
217:
214:
210:
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137:
132:
130:
126:
121:
119:
115:
111:
107:
100:
98:
96:
92:
88:
84:
83:Lee M. Talbot
76:
74:
72:
68:
67:IUCN Red List
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
43:
39:
35:
31:
30:Oryx leucoryx
27:
18:
1694:Bengal Tiger
1650:Arabian oryx
1649:
1641:Land mammal
1628:Golden eagle
1464:Gap analysis
1191:Biodiversity
1181:Conservation
1065:. Retrieved
1057:
1048:
1036:. Retrieved
1032:
1022:
1009:. Retrieved
995:
989:
983:
975:
964:. Retrieved
959:
949:
938:. Retrieved
933:
924:
910:
895:
884:. Retrieved
882:. Al Ain Zoo
874:
863:. Retrieved
859:the original
835:. Retrieved
831:the original
805:. Retrieved
796:
787:
772:
761:. Retrieved
741:
733:
721:. Retrieved
717:the original
713:oryxoman.com
712:
689:. Retrieved
683:
673:
662:. Retrieved
658:the original
648:
640:
635:
624:. Retrieved
620:the original
610:
601:
569:. Retrieved
565:the original
555:
544:. Retrieved
540:the original
530:
518:. Retrieved
514:the original
509:
482:. Retrieved
478:the original
473:
464:
452:Appendix I.
443:
439:
426:
418:
395:
383:
374:
362:
340:
291:
271:
260:
251:tuberculosis
244:
242:
238:
223:
220:Saudi Arabia
203:
196:
185:
172:
160:
156:
133:
122:
105:
104:
95:Protectorate
80:
51:Saudi Arabia
29:
26:Arabian oryx
23:
1866:South Sudan
1851:New Zealand
1545:Restoration
1011:12 November
520:31 December
429:August 2023
146:, two from
140:game warden
42:Phoenix Zoo
1994:Categories
1801:Costa Rica
1764:By country
1684:Slow loris
1660:Polar bear
1513:Key issues
1300:Approaches
1080:References
966:2015-05-10
940:2009-09-25
886:2019-03-18
865:2009-09-25
837:2009-09-25
807:2008-01-16
763:2009-10-06
691:2011-04-10
664:2009-09-25
626:2009-09-25
571:2009-09-25
546:2009-09-25
354:city's zoo
255:pathogenic
144:London Zoo
71:vulnerable
1841:Mauritius
1821:Indonesia
1806:Hong Kong
1776:Australia
1748:Seed bank
1738:Sea otter
1608:Arthropod
1580:Rewilding
1434:Protected
1058:cites.org
880:"History"
474:omanet.om
1979:Category
1886:Scotland
1856:Pakistan
1836:Malaysia
1672:Elephant
1601:By taxon
1231:Endemism
801:Archived
391:Wadi Rum
311:poaching
297:and the
280:and the
234:At-Ta'if
1909:Related
1898:forests
1846:Namibia
1826:Ireland
1811:Iceland
1723:Manatee
1713:Dolphin
1667:Cheetah
1183:biology
1067:20 June
1038:20 June
750:, 127.
723:21 June
484:21 June
419:updated
368:by the
278:gazelle
163:Phoenix
1876:Uganda
1871:Sweden
1791:Canada
1786:Brazil
1781:Belize
1771:Angola
1744:Plant
1733:Salmon
1708:Marine
1623:Raptor
1585:marine
1489:Marxan
754:
400:Impact
380:Jordan
350:Al Ain
343:Sheikh
307:Israel
303:Aravah
288:Israel
206:UNESCO
148:Sheikh
110:London
63:Jordan
61:, and
57:, the
55:Israel
1831:Italy
1816:India
1689:Tiger
1637:Fungi
1436:areas
1062:CITES
456:Notes
450:CITES
386:Aqaba
299:Negev
295:Arava
125:Kenya
112:(now
1701:Wolf
1655:Bear
1613:Bird
1069:2011
1040:2011
1013:2021
996:2017
752:ISBN
725:2011
522:2012
486:2011
358:Iraq
182:Oman
136:Aden
47:Oman
24:The
1000:doi
748:126
228:in
1996::
1060:.
1056:.
1031:.
994:.
988:.
958:.
932:.
846:^
816:^
799:.
795:.
711:.
700:^
682:.
600:.
580:^
508:.
494:^
472:.
360:.
333:.
236:.
201:.
73:.
53:,
49:,
1152:e
1145:t
1138:v
1071:.
1042:.
1015:.
1002::
986:"
982:"
969:.
943:.
904:.
889:.
868:.
840:.
810:.
781:.
766:.
727:.
694:.
667:.
629:.
604:.
574:.
549:.
524:.
488:.
431:)
427:(
421:.
28:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
