66:
99:
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774:
52:
106:
73:
387:) Dinkha Eshaya in 1981. The village was completely destroyed and its inhabitants displaced by the Iraqi government in 1987 by which time Araden's population had grown to 220 families, and there were two schools. The churches at Araden were spared destruction after negotiations with the Iraqi forces.
408:
after the commencement of
Operation Tigris Shield in June 2018, and Turkish airstrikes had disrupted farming. As of 2021, Araden is inhabited by 220 Assyrians with 54 families, all of whom are Chaldean Catholics. Beside Assyrians, the village is populated by Kurds from the Berwarî and Mizîrî tribes.
365:
in 1961, Araden was inhabited by c. 3000 people, with 350 families, in which year the village was bombed and then razed by 700 Iraqi government forces, dispersing the villagers, some of whom were killed by government-allied
Kurdish irregulars under the leadership of Mahmud Agha Zebari, father of the
317:
It is suggested that one or all of the churches of Mart Shmune, Sultana
Mahdokht, and Mar Awda may have been constructed over a thousand years ago. Local tradition attests that the church of Sultana Mahdokht was constructed by a pilgrim who was instructed to build a church there in a dream from the
403:
had constructed 90 houses, a school, and hall, restored 25 houses and the churches, and developed the village's infrastructure. The village was populated by 320 Chaldean
Catholics in 2012, however, only 46 families reside at Araden as of 2013. It was reported that the vicinity of the village was
341:
missionaries. Therefore, in 1850, 50-75 Chaldean
Catholic families inhabited Araden, and were served by two functioning churches and one priest as part of the archdiocese of Amadiya. By 1913, the community had expanded to 650 Chaldean Catholics, with two priests, two schools, and one functioning
417:
Araden has a hot-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). Summers are hot and dry while winters are cold and wet. The village is located at an altitude of 1169m with an average annual temperature of 13.4°C and an annual precipitation of 956mm.
394:
in 1991 spurred some of the village's former inhabitants to return, and a number of houses were rebuilt with the support of Hanna Kello, Chaldean
Catholic Archbishop of Amadiya, in 1992-1993. By 2004, Araden's population had grown to 35 families, and in early 2009, 234
377:. Araden was rebuilt in subsequent years, but its population continued to be targeted, resulting in the murder of three Assyrians in 1974-1975, and assassination of the village
373:
At the war's end in 1971, c. 80 families returned to Araden, but most were forced to take refuge elsewhere in 1975 after the resumption of violence with the eruption of the
1414:
The Fate Of
Assyrian Villages Annexed To Today's Dohuk Governorate In Iraq And The Conditions In These Villages Following The Establishment Of The Iraqi State In 1921
357:
The village's population fluctuated dramatically, as it grew to approximately 5000 Assyrians, with 474 families, in 1954, then decreased to 1049 people in the
1519:
1509:
134:
905:
897:
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65:
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968:
374:
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807:
98:
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346:
in c. 1933, and the church of Mart Shmune was rebuilt in 1935. A small Jewish community resided at Araden until their
1384:
Iraq and the
Assyrian Unimagining: Illuminating Scaled Suffering and a Hierarchy of Genocide from Simele to Anfal
1143:
1136:"The Struggle to Exist Part I: An Introduction to the Assyrians and their Human Rights Situation in the New Iraq"
1051:
785:
318:
saint after he had discovered a relic of the saint's arm. The population of Araden were likely adherents of the
1253:
279:
1436:
The
Chaldean Catholic Church: A study in modern history, ecclesiology and church-state relations (2003–2013)
305:
According to local tradition, the name of the village is derived from "ara" ("land" in Syriac) and "aden" ("
400:
286:
186:
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358:
1249:
323:
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production, and the earliest surviving manuscript copied at Araden is dated to 1571.
1503:
856:
758:
615:
384:
294:
268:
215:
329:
The inhabitants of Araden were converted to
Chaldean Catholicism in the 1830s by
283:
1434:
1198:"Death from above: Iraqi border villages bear the brunt of Turkish air strikes"
1404:
Reforging a Forgotten History: Iraq and the Assyrians in the Twentieth Century
219:
1174:
149:
136:
898:"Exploring Iraq Today: Implications for Christians and Muslims in Australia"
861:
210:
1135:
391:
198:
1456:"2009 - ناوی پاریزگا. يه که کارگيرييه كانی پاریزگاكانی هه ریمی کوردستان"
1412:
51:
42:
351:
347:
1492:
The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318–1913
752:
322:
long before the 14th century. The village was a notable centre of
264:
169:
1103:
1101:
399:
Assyrians, with 72 families, resided at Araden. By 2011, the
1027:
1025:
939:
937:
935:
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931:
929:
927:
925:
923:
1372:
Awde, Nicholas; Lamassu, Nineb; Al-Jeloo, Nicholas (2007).
1275:"Aradin climate: Weather Aradin & temperature by month"
1477:
Sabar, Yona (1998). "The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Aradhin".
1118:
1116:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1374:
Aramaic (Assyrian/Syriac) Dictionary & Phrasebook
751:
Thomas Reis (1898-1965), Chaldean Catholic Bishop of
748:(1870-1939), Chaldean Catholic Archbishop of Amadiya.
309:" in Syriac), and thus translates to "land of Eden".
761:(1920-2013), Chaldean Catholic Archbishop of Kirkuk.
955:
209:
197:
185:
175:
165:
30:
1167:"Christian Communities in the Kurdistan Region"
1250:"The Dialects of Kurdish: K-039 Sersink, Iraq"
293:, and Mar Awda. There is also a church of the
8:
1305:
1031:
1016:
1004:
992:
421:
342:church. The village was inhabited by 515
27:
1463:Kurdistan Region Statistics Office (KRSO)
1046:
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831:Alternatively transliterated as Aradin.
824:
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208:
164:
129:
57:
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401:Supreme Committee of Christian Affairs
1092:
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196:
184:
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7:
1171:Iraqi Kurdistan Christianity Project
883:
252:
1520:Historic Jewish communities in Iraq
956:Awde, Lamassu & Al-Jeloo (2007)
244:
236:
16:For the town of ancient Crete, see
1510:Populated places in Dohuk Province
969:"Sultan Mahdokht Church in Araden"
896:Nasir Butrous (19 November 2014).
85:Location in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
14:
906:Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne
25:Village in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
1196:Adam Lucente (16 January 2019).
784:
772:
104:
97:
71:
64:
50:
1485:. Harrassowitz Verlag: 197–209.
1402:Donabed, Sargon George (2015).
1381:Donabed, Sargon George (2010).
271:in the Bamarni Sub-District of
1052:"Mart Shmoni Church in Araden"
105:
72:
1:
1479:Mediterranean Language Review
1433:Girling, F. Kristian (2015).
1420:. Translated by Mary Challita
1406:. Edinburgh University Press.
1515:Assyrian communities in Iraq
1465:(in Kurdish), pp. 1–179
808:List of Assyrian settlements
1147:. February 2010. p. 32
688:Average precipitation days
544:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
474:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
88:Show map of Iraqi Kurdistan
1536:
1490:Wilmshurst, David (2000).
1252:(in English and Kurdish).
791:Church of Sultana Mahdokht
731:
424:
278:In the village, there are
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1144:Assyria Council of Europe
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150:37.1056222°N 43.3185222°E
130:
58:
49:
40:
1254:University of Manchester
425:Climate data for Araden
375:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
1344:"Archbishop André Sana"
363:First Iraqi–Kurdish War
267:. It is located in the
1173:. 2012. Archived from
390:The conclusion of the
361:. At the onset of the
155:37.1056222; 43.3185222
1494:. Peeters Publishers.
1411:Eshoo, Majed (2004).
732:Source: Climate Data
295:Sacred Heart of Jesus
1319:"Bishop Thomas Reis"
1225:"Population Project"
1056:Mesopotamia Heritage
973:Mesopotamia Heritage
1376:. Hippocrene Books.
1295:. Climate-Data.org.
1177:on 24 November 2020
1110:, pp. 217–219.
1078:, pp. 197–198.
946:, pp. 311–312.
366:Kurdish politician
146: /
1348:Catholic-Hierarchy
1323:Catholic-Hierarchy
779:Mart Shmuni Church
320:Church of the East
255:) is a village in
1306:Wilmshurst (2000)
1229:Shlama Foundation
1032:Wilmshurst (2000)
1017:Wilmshurst (2000)
1005:Wilmshurst (2000)
993:Wilmshurst (2000)
803:Assyrians in Iraq
736:
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406:Turkish Air Force
280:Chaldean Catholic
257:Dohuk Governorate
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1293:"Aradin Climate"
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1279:Climate-Data.org
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865:. 31 August 2011
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333:, archbishop of
291:Sultana Mahdokht
261:Kurdistan Region
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1123:Girling (2015)
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359:census of 1957
354:in 1950-1951.
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18:Araden (Crete)
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131:Coordinates:
118:Araden (Iraq)
100:
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1491:
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1467:, retrieved
1462:
1443:. Retrieved
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1422:. Retrieved
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1391:. Retrieved
1383:
1373:
1365:Bibliography
1351:. Retrieved
1347:
1338:
1326:. Retrieved
1322:
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1269:
1257:. Retrieved
1244:
1232:. Retrieved
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1207:. Retrieved
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1179:. Retrieved
1175:the original
1170:
1161:
1149:. Retrieved
1142:
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1093:Eshoo (2004)
1076:Sabar (1998)
1071:
1059:. Retrieved
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976:. Retrieved
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910:. Retrieved
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867:. Retrieved
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618:mm (inches)
416:
389:
378:
372:
356:
328:
316:
304:
282:churches of
277:
269:Sapna valley
228:
227:
141:43°19′6.68″E
138:37°6′20.24″N
22:
884:KRSO (2009)
331:Joseph Audo
187:Governorate
153: /
1504:Categories
1469:6 February
814:References
759:André Sana
348:emigration
324:manuscript
1234:19 August
912:15 August
862:Ishtar TV
839:Citations
413:Geography
397:displaced
344:Assyrians
339:Dominican
301:Etymology
211:Time zone
1445:5 August
1393:30 April
1353:8 August
1328:8 August
1209:6 August
1181:5 August
1151:5 August
1061:6 August
978:6 August
869:5 August
857:"Aradin"
797:See also
614:Average
392:Gulf War
199:District
1424:30 July
1259:6 April
766:Gallery
683:(37.6)
609:(42.6)
604:(24.3)
594:(47.1)
589:(57.0)
584:(64.6)
579:(64.6)
574:(57.0)
569:(47.3)
564:(38.3)
559:(30.6)
554:(25.0)
549:(21.7)
539:(67.0)
529:(55.9)
524:(72.1)
519:(85.6)
514:(94.5)
509:(94.5)
504:(86.7)
499:(73.6)
494:(62.4)
489:(51.4)
479:(39.6)
385:headman
380:mukhtar
335:Amadiya
313:History
245:ئهرادن
241:Kurdish
166:Country
43:Village
35:ئهرادن
678:(5.6)
673:(3.7)
668:(2.0)
663:(0.2)
658:(0.0)
653:(0.0)
648:(0.2)
643:(2.4)
638:(5.1)
633:(6.3)
628:(5.9)
623:(6.2)
430:Month
352:Israel
337:, and
287:Shmune
249:Syriac
233:Arabic
229:Araden
176:Region
112:Araden
79:Araden
32:Araden
1459:(PDF)
1440:(PDF)
1418:(PDF)
1388:(PDF)
1139:(PDF)
901:(PDF)
819:Notes
753:Zakho
599:(34)
534:(45)
484:(43)
469:Year
237:أرادن
220:UTC+3
204:Amedi
192:Dohuk
1471:2021
1447:2020
1426:2020
1395:2020
1355:2020
1330:2020
1261:2022
1236:2021
1211:2020
1183:2020
1153:2020
1063:2020
980:2020
914:2020
871:2020
602:−4.3
587:13.9
582:18.1
577:18.1
572:13.9
557:−0.8
552:−3.9
547:−5.7
537:19.4
527:13.3
522:22.3
517:29.8
512:34.7
507:34.7
502:30.4
497:23.1
492:16.9
487:10.8
466:Dec
463:Nov
460:Oct
457:Sep
454:Aug
451:Jul
448:Jun
445:May
442:Apr
439:Mar
436:Feb
433:Jan
307:Eden
284:Mart
265:Iraq
253:ܐܪܕܢ
170:Iraq
727:66
700:10
697:10
681:956
676:142
636:130
631:159
626:151
621:157
607:5.9
592:8.4
567:8.5
562:3.5
477:4.2
370:.
350:to
259:in
216:AST
1506::
1483:10
1481:.
1461:,
1346:.
1321:.
1277:.
1227:.
1200:.
1169:.
1141:.
1115:^
1100:^
1083:^
1054:.
1039:^
1024:^
971:.
922:^
903:.
859:.
846:^
724:8
721:6
718:5
715:1
712:0
709:0
706:1
703:7
694:9
691:9
671:94
666:52
641:60
297:.
289:,
275:.
263:,
251::
247:,
243::
239:,
235::
1449:.
1428:.
1397:.
1357:.
1332:.
1281:.
1263:.
1238:.
1213:.
1185:.
1155:.
1065:.
982:.
916:.
873:.
755:.
661:4
656:1
651:1
646:5
597:1
532:7
482:6
383:(
231:(
222:)
218:(
20:.
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