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from orienting itself to an export industry. Secondary reasons include the restrictive rules and regulations on beef of importing countries. For instance, Argentina agreed with the United States on an annual restriction of 20,000 tons. While these rules were not always in place in previous years/decades, Argentina still has not become a massive exporter of beef, but an exporter nonetheless.
784:
377:
25:
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Argentina exported 32, 300 tons of beef in 1876-1880, which increased to 34,400 in 1886-1890. The development of a strong beef export industry in
Argentina took a long time to develop due to several factors, including the slow development of a refrigerated meat industry, competition from American beef producers, and low demand for animal foodstuffs in Europe.
128:
570:. Prices of meat in Argentina increased faster than the inflation in recent years and the government would like to limit inflation as well as increasing supply for the domestic market. From June on, it then slightly opened up the market again to Chile, Colombia or Israel but kept restrictions for the rest of 2021.
654:
The IPCVA is made up of a range of partners involved in
Argentine beef production and export, from experienced cattle farmers to managers. This broad expertise in various fields aims to allow the IPCVA to organize beef production and beef sales professionally. As a fairly young institution, the IPCVA
606:
However, farmers as well as the export industry started to realize that there is a steadily increasing demand for safer and more reliable brands. To meet customer expectations, several initiatives have been taken. There are certificates handed out by private organizations, such as breed associations.
938:
The high consumption per capita shows that beef is profoundly integrated into traditional
Argentine cuisine. However, as can be seen, beef exports are not an essential part of the Argentine economy. This is in large part because Argentina consumes most of its beef and the industry has been prevented
519:
was kept artificially high by the government, by means of the combination of a special tariff applied to cattle imports from
Argentina, to protect the domestic producers, and a runaway inflation. The riots lasted from October 22 until October 27, and between 200 and 250 people were killed over this
950:
removed the restrictions when he became president of
Argentina. Volume of beef exported substantially increased. In 2005, Argentina couldn't sell more than 700,000 metric tons outside the country. In 2015, only 200,000 metric tons was exported. In May 2021, the new government decided to ban export
562:
These measures met harsh criticism from livestock farmers, the meat processing industry, and the export sector; some analysts have said that it will be useless in the long term and harm
Argentina's international image, besides causing large monetary losses. Other analysts have said it is the only
450:
Railway building within
Argentina and the invention of refrigerated trains and ships in the late 19th century made an export market and Argentina's beef export industry started to thrive. From 1864 to 1888, the number of cattle in Argentina increased from just over 10 million to nearly 23 million.
1029:
were first introduced to
Argentina by Don Carlos Guerrero in 1879. They are generally found in temperate climates. Instead of focusing on crossbreeding in order to strength their qualities, Argentine farmers decided to focus on a purebred evolution based on natural and high-quality nutrition.
602:
Food safety or quality labels are rarely used in
Argentina, and a major initiative has been called for on this issue. There is no label certified by the government. The unsatisfactory situation concerning food safety becomes immediately clear by looking at the fact that the Argentine National
446:
and exported to Europe in limited quantities. In the 19th century, Buenos Aires would develop into a cattle-processing complex of stockyards, warehouses, and meat-salting facilities. The
Anchorena family of Basque immigrants were influential in the 19th century cattle industry in Argentina.
582:(FMD) were found in 2001, for the first time in 60 years. Although FMD is usually harmless to people, the virus is easily spread between animals, making the slaughter of sick animals necessary. Argentine beef was banned by more than 60 countries, including the United States and
626:
in order to assure their origin and quality. However, most of those projects have only scant participation; certificates and labels will only gain reputation and acceptance among consumers only if there is a sufficiently large percentage of producers participating.
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is known for its high yield of beef. It was first introduced to Argentina in 1858, and is characterized by its juice and flavor consistency. Just as the Argentina's Shorthorn has evolved, so did the Argentine Hereford through crossbreeding with local breeds.
554:
On 8 March 2006, after unsuccessfully trying to control the rising prices of beef in the internal market (26% since the beginning of that year), the Argentine government banned beef exports for 180 days (with the exception of prearranged shipments and the
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said in 2003 that Argentina had regained "foot-and-mouth free with vaccination" status. A few years later, new cases of FMD were discovered in a herd of cattle in a northern province of Argentina. As a result, Chile banned the import of Argentine meat.
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The flipped seasons between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres meant that Argentine beef came onto the market at a time of year when beef was less at hand in the Northern Hemisphere, which further lifted the potential export market in the
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Even while beef exports are not fully developed for a larger contribution to the Argentine economy, Argentina has been a major player in the world beef market for many years, due in large part to the reputation of Argentine beef.
534:
Argentina has the world's second-highest consumption rate of beef, with yearly consumption at 55 kg per person. In 2006, livestock farmers kept between 50 and 55 million head of cattle, mostly in the fertile pastures of the
712:
The IPCVA is developing the first beef consumption map in Argentina. Through complete research of the domestic market, an "X-Ray" of the beef consumption in the whole country will be set up and used for marketing and promotion
1102:. Focusing on size and strength, farmers paid little attention to their quality of meat and therefore to refinement. Characteristics: wide opened and round horns; long and tall; projecting shoulders and deep hips.
744:
This adds up to 1.80 Argentine pesos per slaughtered animal. At a killing rate of 13 million animals per year, it totals 23,400,000 Argentine pesos. This is a budget of around €6,325,000 per year (March 28, 2006).
955:. It had exported 933,000 tons of meat in the 12 previous months before the ban. The country slightly opened its industry to export during 2021. The government proposed to continue restrictions in 2022.
2731:
985:
Nowadays, Argentina's Shorthorn breed has been bred to greatly improve its meat quality thanks to hybridisation (crossbreeding) as has been demonstrated at the National Agropecuarian Technology Center.
724:
team, has a contract with the IPCVA to eat Argentine beef. This prestigious sport is seen as key to promoting the meat, especially because prestige is one of the key factors of the Argentine beef image.
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was introduced to Argentina in 1826 and was the first foreign breed to enter the country. As in many other countries, Argentina's selection was designated to produce not only meat but milk as well.
1332:
1412:
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has had to define an image which allows the identification of the main product, beef. Three key factors influence this image: history, tradition, and prestige. All of them are considered to be
520:
period, while more than 500 were injured. The financial losses were staggering. This revolt emphasized that the social problems were far more serious than what the authorities believed.
1079:
is an animal used for pulling loads. Many different breeds can be found spread over the world since they were crossbred in order to pass on their tolerance to hot weather and strength.
708:
However, with the export restrictions for beef set by the Argentine government, these measures may be of little use. Therefore, the IPCVA also focuses on promotion work in Argentina:
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1596:
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Son muy comunes –casi mayoritarias- las reuniones en torno a la comida. Las reuniones familiares en domingos generalmente son en torno a un asado o un buen plato de pastas.
578:
Argentina's cattle industry had become a key growth driver in the economy, with Argentina ranking fourth in cow meat exports. Thus, it was crushing news when new cases of
1610:
559:). On 26 May, the ban was replaced by a quota, to be in force between June and November, equivalent to 40% of the amount of beef exported in the same period of 2005.
2746:
1654:
651:— the Argentine Beef Promotion Institute (IPCVA) was founded in December 2001. Furthermore, the IPCVA is also concerned with promotional work in Argentina itself.
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Inspection Services audited and approved only 35 slaughterhouses in 2003 on Good Manufacturing Practices and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP).
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2736:
1336:
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2721:
149:
136:
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https://web.archive.org/web/20070928031617/http://www.ifama.org/conferences/2005Conference/Symp_Presentations/CaseConference/2I_Palau.ppt#270,14,7
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551:. The national government applies a 15% tax on beef exports and has applied further restrictions since March 2006 to keep domestic prices low.
283:
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2606:
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adequate measure that deals with inflation and that the industry is the only one in Argentina profitable enough to sustain such a policy.
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owners built large houses, important buildings in Buenos Aires and elsewhere, and contributed to politics, philanthropy, and society. The
192:
87:
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to ensure that only meat coming from an Angus is described as Angus. Furthermore, the association supports other certificates like the
2716:
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Characteristics: considerable size; wide back and forequarters. A couple of centuries ago, they used to lack symmetry and uniformity.
2940:
831:
174:
109:
52:
1316:"BiografĂa de Chile | Historia de Chile - BiografĂas - Germán Riesco Errázuriz: 1854-1916 - Impulsor de las reformas legislativas"
2554:
442:
In 1785, British whalers established a beef-salting industry in Buenos Aires. The salted beef was sold on the domestic market as
439:
and a small national market, the cattle multiplied rapidly, with some contemporary observers describing the animals as a menace.
1655:
https://web.archive.org/web/20060519152344/http://www.napavintners.com/news/Temporary%20stuff/150%20dpi/Beef%20Tenderloin150.jpg
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Work to consolidate Argentine beef quality and security, contributing to the efficiency of productive and industrial processes."
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1315:
805:
356:
38:
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Argentina annually produces about two 240-gram steaks per person worldwide and has six steaks more standing on its pastures.
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To increase sales in foreign countries and to improve the production and reliability of beef produced in Argentina, a public
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https://web.archive.org/web/20060509171551/http://www.spectrumcommodities.com/education/commodity/statistics/cattle.html
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These huge promotions are expensive. Therefore, the IPCVA arranged to get the following contributions for its budget:
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794:
80:
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2018:
656:
349:
309:
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813:
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141:
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Characteristics: light colored; clear hump between the shoulders; large horns; hot climate and insect tolerance.
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91:
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https://web.archive.org/web/20070308110825/http://www.ifama.org/conferences/2003Conference/papers/jatibFOOD.pdf
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Following the rising demand for high-quality beef, new breeds and selective crossbreeding have been developed.
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218:
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1705:(Eastern Edition): Argentine Cows Plan Moved to Feedlots: Turner, Taos; New York, NY; September 1, 2004; pg. 1
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686:. To promote the product, a big banquet was held at the Helsinki Oasis Hotel with the Argentine ambassador.
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2076:
2008:
850:
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Nacido en el centro de las costumbres gauchas, el asado se impuso como el plato nacional por excelencia.
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The IPCVA has become a major instrument to improve the international competitiveness of Argentine beef.
2427:
1645:
https://web.archive.org/web/20070524114708/http://www2.onleben.t-online.de/dyn/c/90/58/24/9058246.html
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Plan and develop promotion strategies to contribute to the improvement of domestic consumption levels.
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2800:
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https://web.archive.org/web/20060512201420/http://www.slowfoodsiena.it/foto2/ungheria_olga_gulash.JPG
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760:
Design and develop marketing strategies to improve Argentine beef products' competitiveness overseas.
470:
393:
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1520:
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2210:
2090:
1561:
264:
44:
2215:
2115:
1932:
1877:
1723:
975:
1413:"Cepo a la carne: El Gobierno busca mantener para 2022 el esquema administrado de exportaciones"
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Characteristics: high yield of beef; wide back; early maturity; rustling ability and hardiness.
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each winter in Buenos Aires became a major part of the social season since it started in 1886.
1962:
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1952:
1912:
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Several activities have been undertaken to make Argentine beef better known in the world:
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191:
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2523:
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1812:
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http://www.viarural.com.ar/viarural.com.ar/ganaderia/asociaciones/shorthorn/default.htm
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Identify and create demand for Argentine beef products in domestic and foreign markets.
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https://archive.today/20121127112516/http://www.inta.gov.ar/ins/en/agriculture.htm
1434:
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Besides the breed associations, different pilot projects have been initiated. The
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In May 2021, the government decided to ban beef export for a month except for the
1459:
2701:
2584:
2492:
2477:
2442:
2407:
2250:
2240:
2205:
2165:
2120:
2056:
2013:
2003:
1937:
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1922:
1892:
1872:
1847:
1832:
1817:
1804:
1762:
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783:
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400:, with a production of 3 million tons (only behind the USA, Brazil and China).
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1988:
1942:
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717:
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The IPCVA participated in the International Food and Drink Exhibition held in
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of the Pampas. Landowners became wealthy from beef production and export, and
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1267:
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to better know consumers' preferences to design specific promotion campaigns.
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1603:
https://web.archive.org/web/20060515034045/http://www.angus.org.ar/carne.htm
1498:
1370:"Argentine authorities want to continue restrictions on beef export in 2022"
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753:
The long-term goals of the IPCVA are described as follows on their website:
548:
2365:
2255:
127:
1569:
1163:
693:, to negotiate a special contract to ease export of Argentine beef to the
2482:
2335:
2325:
2135:
2110:
2023:
1993:
1095:
1022:
679:
507:, heightened taxes for the import of Argentine cattle in 1905 led to the
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487:
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2528:
2380:
2360:
2315:
2225:
2175:
1957:
1867:
1822:
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1247:
998:
683:
419:, and is typical of Argentine families to gather on Sundays around one.
1132:) and served often as part of a wider selection of grilled meat, with
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2180:
2160:
2066:
1998:
1967:
1837:
1696:
1099:
1060:
672:
583:
544:
540:
481:
460:
443:
436:
423:
1259:
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Qualitative soundings are being developed in the main cities of the
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Characteristics: maternal skills; highly fertile; growth capacity;
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2305:
2290:
2245:
2220:
2195:
2071:
2051:
2038:
1983:
1649:
1123:
1109:
1072:
958:
634:
536:
504:
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Argentine beef and its production have played a major part in the
427:
407:
381:
375:
1640:
http://www.lavache.com/vamonde/images/france/charol/charolais.jpg
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project is an example of these; its approach has been to ear-tag
1743:
1739:
1708:
1562:
http://www.carilat.de/suedamerika/argentinien/landwirtschaft.htm
1384:"Argentina Halts Beef Export for 30 days, Farmers Stop Commerce"
1076:
961:
is the main client, buying 75% of beef exported from Argentina.
516:
397:
389:
2634:
1712:
1207:[Gastronomy] (in Spanish). Argentina.ar. Archived from
2345:
1629:
1579:
777:
121:
59:
18:
1499:"Cattle — Breeds of Livestock, Department of Animal Science"
607:
For instance, the Argentine Angus Association established a
1480:
946:
From 2006 to 2015, beef exports were restricted by quota.
678:
An Argentine Beef Festival was arranged last February in
1128:
Beef is traditionally cooked over charcoal flame (as an
1182:(in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Grupo ClarĂn. 28 April 2010
1063:, and devoted to the production of both beef and milk.
889:
Percentage of beef exports over total Argentine exports
844:
Statistics for Argentine beef production and exports:
737:
1.25 Argentine pesos from producers per killed animal
396:. In 2019, Argentina was the 4th largest producer of
2846:
2793:
2755:
2668:
2595:
2547:
2516:
2089:
2037:
1976:
1803:
1796:
1750:
1333:"Argentina consumes 58,8 kg a year per capita"
740:
0.55 Argentine pesos from packers per packed animal
649:
Instituto de PromociĂłn de la Carne Vacuna Argentina
539:. The country is currently the third-largest beef
415:(1888), by Ignacio Manzoni. Asado is considered a
1164:Argentina's livestock production in 2019, by FAO
589:After an aggressive vaccination programme, the
1286:"A Nineteenth-Century Argentine Cattle Empire"
2646:
1724:
1327:
1325:
997:Produced with the objective of responding to
357:
8:
1398:"Informe de exportaciones de marzo de 2021"
812:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
426:were first brought to Argentina in 1536 by
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2653:
2639:
2631:
2592:
1800:
1731:
1717:
1709:
1635:http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/cattle/
1248:"The Argentine Refrigerated Meat Industry"
530:2006 Argentine restriction of beef exports
364:
350:
186:
832:Learn how and when to remove this message
689:Representatives of the IPCVA traveled to
175:Learn how and when to remove this message
110:Learn how and when to remove this message
846:
152:of all important aspects of the article.
73:This article includes a list of general
1411:Bertello, Fernando (30 November 2021).
1156:
1059:in 1880, to the fertile regions of the
511:, one of the first massive protests in
296:
246:
210:
203:
2742:2018–present Argentine monetary crisis
1540:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1533:
1090:Brought to Argentina around 1910, the
148:Please consider expanding the lead to
2737:Argentine currency controls (2011–15)
7:
1279:
1277:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1037:; thin skin; short and smooth hair.
897:Percentage of worldwide beef exports
810:adding citations to reliable sources
663:International and national promotion
2616:2008 US beef protest in South Korea
1055:, it was first introduced from the
591:Office International des Epizooties
392:is a key component of traditional
79:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
34:This article has multiple issues.
2905:
2555:Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
1674:Classical Cooking the Modern Way
1001:'s food market expansion during
782:
331:
190:
126:
64:
23:
1650:http://www.argentinebeef.org.ar
1481:"AsociaciĂłn Argentina de AnGus"
1357:Argentina suspends beef exports
140:may be too short to adequately
42:or discuss these issues on the
639:A cattle yard in Buenos Aires.
435:. Due to the geography of the
320:Cookbook: Cuisine of Argentina
150:provide an accessible overview
1:
1431:"Cattle Breeds --- Shorthorn"
1005:'s industrial revolution the
574:Foot-and-mouth disease crisis
247:Ingredients and types of food
951:for a month, except for the
645:nongovernmental organization
1630:http://www.hereford.org.ar/
1580:http://www.pampasplains.com
1456:"Cattle Breeds -- Hereford"
1284:Brown, Jonathan C. (1978).
1106:Recipes with Argentine beef
657:unique selling propositions
631:Promotion of Argentine beef
2957:
1121:
1044:
934:Domestic market and export
527:
2902:
2747:Historical exchange rates
1094:breed is originally from
613:Ternero Angus Certificado
2941:Agriculture in Argentina
2560:Beef hormone controversy
2438:Steak and kidney pudding
1146:Agriculture in Argentina
916:2.8 million tonnes/year
865:GDP share of agriculture
720:, the Argentine women's
2682:Railway nationalization
1703:The Wall Street Journal
1699:, March 18, 2006, pg 69
1680:The Wall Street Journal
924:55 kg/person/year
609:Carne Angus Certificada
94:more precise citations.
2191:Calf's liver and bacon
2009:Frankfurter Rindswurst
1119:
921:Consumption per capita
851:Gross domestic product
640:
580:foot-and-mouth disease
479:to the history of the
420:
386:
2717:Railway privatisation
2678:Agricultural colonies
2271:Hortobágyi palacsinta
1246:Jones, E. G. (1929).
1178:[The asado].
1113:
908:13 million head/year
873:Total revenue on beef
716:"Las Leonas' Secret"—
638:
411:
379:
2912:Argentina portal
2874:Provincial economies
2732:2008 farmers' strike
2662:Economy of Argentina
2453:Steak and oyster pie
2201:Chateaubriand (dish)
2104:List of steak dishes
1667:Books and newspapers
1503:www.ansi.okstate.edu
1290:Agricultural History
884:US$ 500–700 million
806:improve this section
729:Funding of the IPCVA
471:culture of Argentina
338:Argentina portal
2869:Ministry of Economy
2712:Convertibility plan
2391:Roast beef sandwich
2211:Chicken-fried steak
1828:Chateaubriand steak
1687:, February 13, 2006
1211:on 17 February 2011
881:Beef export revenue
543:in the world after
199:Part of a series on
16:Culinary ingredient
2833:Telecommunications
2585:Ractopamine - Beef
2428:Shooter's sandwich
2296:Karađorđeva šnicla
2116:Blanquette de veau
1933:Standing rib roast
1878:Restructured steak
1768:Cow–calf operation
1613:2018-12-13 at the
1585:2017-10-27 at the
1372:. 3 December 2021.
1120:
1035:climate adaptation
749:Goals of the IPCVA
641:
421:
387:
2936:Argentine cuisine
2918:
2917:
2727:2007–10 recession
2628:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2085:
2084:
1051:Derived from the
1047:Holando-Argentino
1041:Holando-Argentina
976:northeast England
928:
927:
842:
841:
834:
620:Pampas Del Salado
493:agricultural show
394:Argentine cuisine
374:
373:
211:Regional cuisines
205:Argentine cuisine
185:
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120:
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57:
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2910:
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2908:
2879:Provinces by HDI
2813:Defence industry
2722:1998–2002 crisis
2655:
2648:
2641:
2632:
2593:
2580:Meat on the bone
2433:Soup Number Five
2356:Pozharsky cutlet
2146:Beef noodle soup
2131:Beef bourguignon
1801:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1710:
1575:Animal Husbandry
1570:TED Case Studies
1568:
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1519:. Archived from
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1506:
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1485:www.angus.org.ar
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1471:
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1468:
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1458:. Archived from
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1433:. Archived from
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1401:
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1380:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1360:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1335:. Archived from
1329:
1320:
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1305:
1281:
1272:
1271:
1243:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1216:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1187:
1172:
1166:
1161:
1071:Originally from
1021:Originally from
974:Originally from
860:US$ 537 billion
847:
837:
830:
826:
823:
817:
786:
778:
366:
359:
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90:this article by
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2687:Five-Year Plans
2664:
2659:
2629:
2620:
2596:US beef imports
2591:
2543:
2512:
2503:Vitello tonnato
2458:Steak au poivre
2403:Salisbury steak
2156:Beef Stroganoff
2126:Beef Wellington
2081:
2033:
2019:Montreal smoked
1972:
1913:Shoulder tender
1792:
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1615:Wayback Machine
1599:) Final remarks
1587:Wayback Machine
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1517:"Archived copy"
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1254:(26): 156–172.
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1116:bife de chorizo
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913:Beef production
905:Total slaughter
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803:
787:
776:
751:
731:
665:
633:
600:
576:
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515:. The price of
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385:in preparation.
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315:Argentine chefs
277:Argentine pizza
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135:This article's
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2321:Mongolian beef
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1813:Baseball steak
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1552:External links
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1386:. 20 May 2021.
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948:Mauricio Macri
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219:Central Region
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2794:Other sectors
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2570:Carcass grade
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2563:
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2558:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2534:Water buffalo
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:Related meats
2515:
2509:
2508:Wallenbergare
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2488:Veal Milanese
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2459:
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2446:
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2423:Suea rong hai
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2334:
2332:
2331:Nilagang baka
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
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2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2266:Hamburg steak
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2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
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1773:Feeder cattle
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1692:The Economist
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1685:New York City
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1523:on 2007-09-29
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1205:"GastronomĂa"
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1180:VĂa RestĂł.com
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822:November 2023
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791:This section
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457:United States
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2894:Trade unions
2806:Central Bank
2764:
2697:Austral plan
2418:Sha cha beef
2311:London broil
2286:Jellied veal
2281:Italian beef
2261:Hayashi rice
2151:Beef on weck
2029:Meat extract
1858:Hanger steak
1843:Filet mignon
1788:Osorno Steer
1783:Organic beef
1757:
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1567:(in English)
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804:Please help
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36:Please help
33:
2757:Agriculture
2702:Spring plan
2612:South Korea
2493:Veal Orloff
2478:Tiyula itum
2443:Steak Diane
2408:Saltimbocca
2251:Gored gored
2241:Ginger beef
2216:Cordon bleu
2206:Cheesesteak
2166:Boiled beef
2121:Beef olives
2004:Corned beef
1928:Skirt steak
1923:Top sirloin
1873:Ranch steak
1848:Flank steak
1833:Chuck steak
1818:Blade steak
1763:Beef cattle
1559:(in German)
1186:29 December
1134:chimichurri
1057:Netherlands
473:, from the
272:Main dishes
255:Ingredients
92:introducing
2925:Categories
2707:BONEX plan
2575:Darkcutter
2498:Veal Oscar
2473:Tafelspitz
2413:Selat solo
2398:Ropa vieja
2386:Roast beef
2371:Ragout fin
2276:Iga penyet
2236:French dip
1953:Tenderloin
1908:Short ribs
1903:Short loin
1853:Flap steak
1751:Production
1527:2006-05-01
1466:2006-05-01
1441:2006-05-01
1343:2011-07-23
1176:"El asado"
1152:References
1114:Argentine
774:Statistics
718:Las Leonas
509:meat riots
100:March 2017
75:references
39:improve it
2859:Companies
2692:Rodrigazo
2565:Beef ring
2351:Pot roast
2301:Kare-kare
2171:Bruscitti
2099:Beefsteak
2077:Testicles
1977:Processed
1888:Rib steak
1778:Kobe beef
1417:La NaciĂłn
1302:0002-1482
1268:0013-0427
1252:Economica
1092:Charolais
1086:Charolais
980:shorthorn
970:Shorthorn
793:does not
675:in March.
598:Labelling
549:Australia
463:markets.
413:The asado
310:Etiquette
239:Patagonia
234:Northeast
224:Northwest
158:July 2021
142:summarize
45:talk page
2889:Taxation
2483:Tongseng
2336:Ossobuco
2326:Neobiani
2136:Beef bun
2111:Balbacua
2024:Pastrami
1994:Bresaola
1963:Trotters
1797:Products
1611:Archived
1583:Archived
1536:cite web
1140:See also
1096:Burgundy
1053:Holstein
1023:Scotland
1007:Hereford
993:Hereford
713:purposes
680:Helsinki
541:exporter
513:Santiago
497:La Rural
488:estancia
461:European
297:See also
284:Desserts
2838:Tourism
2801:Banking
2780:Whaling
2775:Tobacco
2680:·
2670:History
2529:Beefalo
2468:Tartare
2381:Rendang
2361:Puchero
2316:Mechado
2226:Dendeng
2186:Cachopo
2176:Bulgogi
1958:Tri-tip
1918:Sirloin
1883:Rib eye
1868:Picanha
1823:Brisket
1215:24 July
1003:Britain
999:England
814:removed
799:sources
697:market.
684:Finland
482:gauchos
428:Spanish
404:History
305:History
88:improve
2828:Mining
2818:Energy
2770:Timber
2607:Taiwan
2539:Żubroń
2366:P'tcha
2256:Gyūdon
2181:Bulalo
2161:Bistek
2091:Dishes
2067:Tripas
2062:Tendon
2057:Tongue
2014:Ground
1999:Cabeza
1948:T-bone
1838:Fajita
1697:London
1672:Pauli
1300:
1266:
1100:France
1075:, the
1061:Pampas
1025:, the
978:, the
900:7.36%
868:10.5%
673:London
647:, the
624:calves
584:Canada
545:Brazil
537:Pampas
444:tasajo
437:Pampas
424:Cattle
289:Drinks
265:Cheese
77:, but
2847:Other
2602:Japan
2548:Other
2376:Rawon
2341:Pares
2306:Kitfo
2291:Kalio
2246:Galbi
2221:Daube
2196:Cansi
2072:Tripe
2052:Heart
2047:Brain
2039:Offal
1984:Jerky
1943:Shank
1938:Strip
1893:Round
1863:Plate
1130:asado
1124:Asado
1073:India
959:China
505:Chile
476:asado
382:Asado
2931:Beef
2785:Wine
2765:Beef
2463:Tapa
1989:Aged
1968:Tail
1898:Rump
1805:Cuts
1744:veal
1742:and
1740:Beef
1542:link
1298:ISSN
1264:ISSN
1217:2013
1188:2012
1077:Zebu
1067:Zebu
797:any
795:cite
547:and
517:meat
459:and
398:beef
390:Beef
260:Beef
229:Cuyo
2346:Pho
2231:Feu
1256:doi
892:3%
855:PPP
808:by
503:In
2927::
1695:,
1683:,
1538:}}
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