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and is non-toxic. All other parts of the yew are toxic, including the seed housed inside the aril. If the seed is crushed, breaks or splits in the stomach of a human, bird or another animal, it will result in poisoning. Birds digest the fleshy aril as a food source, and pass the seeds out in their
370:), the aril starts out as a small, green band at the base of the seed, then turns brown to red as it enlarges and surrounds the seed, eventually becoming fleshy and scarlet in color at maturity. The aril is attractive to fruit-eating
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typical of most gymnosperms, the reproductive structure of the yew consists of a single seed that becomes surrounded by a fleshy, cup-like covering. This covering is derived from a highly modified cone scale.
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of the ovary. The fleshy, edible pericarp splits neatly in two halves, then falling away or being eaten to reveal a brightly coloured pseudaril around the black seed.
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seed. Arils and arillodes are often edible enticements that encourage animals to transport the seed, thereby assisting in seed dispersal.
252:), an arillode forms from a different point on the seed coat. The term "aril" is sometimes applied to any fleshy appendage of the seed in
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Anderson, E. & Owens, J. N. (2003). Analysing the reproductive biology of Taxus: should it be included in
Coniferales?
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is sometimes distinguished: whereas an aril grows from the attachment point of the seed to the
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Banerji, I.; Chaudhuri, K.L. (1944), "A contribution to the life history of
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400:. In pre-European times the aril of the kahikatea was a food source for
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is sometimes called an arillode or false aril. It grows partly from the
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Ramos-Ordonez, M. F.; Arizmendi, M. D. C.; Marquez-Guzman, J. (2012).
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fruits are highly developed arils surrounding the seed rather than a
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Membranous or fleshy appendage that partly or wholly covers a seed
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The Kew Plant
Glossary: an Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Terms
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The juicy, swollen, red stalk which holds the seed is known as
573:"The fruit of Bursera: Structure, maturation and parthenocarpy"
422:, fleshy structures attached to the seeds of many plant species
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434:, a fleshy epidermal layer of a seed coat, as in pomegranate
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Proceedings of the Indian
Academy of Sciences, Section B
428:, a fleshy cone borne chiefly by junipers and cypresses
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layer. Such arils are also found in a few species of
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78:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
511:"Arils And Aril-Like Structures In Woody Ranales"
356:The fleshy aril that surrounds each seed in the
268:are aril-like structures commonly found on the
287:-like structure, called (among other names) a
230:that partly or completely covers the seed. An
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138:Learn how and when to remove this message
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32:Atlas (mythology) § Etruscan Aril
360:is a highly modified seed cone scale.
45:, a type of organic chemical radical.
34:. For the Malaysian entertainer, see
7:
490:Beentje, H.; Williamson, J. (2010),
297:taxa. The edible false fruit of the
293:. False fruit are found in numerous
226:, is a specialized outgrowth from a
76:adding citations to reliable sources
530:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1973.tb02092.x
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404:. The washed arils were called
63:needs additional citations for
550:. Cambridge University Press.
276:species that develop from the
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30:For the Etruscan deity, see
544:Marshall, C. (1992-04-30).
154:An aril that surrounds the
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496:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
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547:Fruit and Seed Production
174:The edible white aril of
662:"Kahikatea, Dacrycarpus"
627:(kahikatea) description"
625:Dacrycarpus dacrydioides
393:Dacrycarpus dacrydioides
385:Dacrycarpus dacrydioides
364:In European yew plants (
41:Not to be confused with
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668:. 2011. Archived from
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509:Endress, P.K. (1973).
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283:The aril may create a
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591:10.1093/aobpla/pls027
375:droppings, promoting
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410:and were eaten raw.
390:The kahikatea tree,
184:and partly from the
72:improve this article
672:on 12 January 2012
666:web.auckland.ac.nz
470:10.1007/BF03049502
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222:), also called an
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36:Aril (entertainer)
643:The small fruit (
333:. Instead of the
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16:(Redirected from
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498:: Kew Publishing
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196:(pronounced
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188:of the seed.
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128:January 2008
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70:Please help
65:verification
62:
398:New Zealand
315:gymnosperms
290:false fruit
274:Burseraceae
156:nutmeg seed
715:Categories
705:Acta Hort.
585:: pls027.
578:AoB Plants
439:References
432:Sarcotesta
295:Angiosperm
266:Pseudarils
242:(from the
236:false aril
186:integument
98:newspapers
420:Elaiosome
377:dispersal
331:kahikatea
244:funiculus
182:funiculus
731:Conifers
609:23115709
478:82241185
456:Sonn.",
426:Galbulus
414:See also
329:and the
323:conifers
311:pericarp
278:mesocarp
232:arillode
18:Arillate
600:3484315
327:lleuque
270:pyrenes
260:of the
224:arillus
162:called
112:scholar
633:. 2011
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303:lychee
299:longan
262:nutmeg
114:
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87:"Aril"
85:
685:koroi
646:koroi
474:S2CID
407:koroi
402:Māori
372:birds
347:Taxus
335:woody
307:ackee
285:fruit
249:hilum
240:ovary
160:spice
119:JSTOR
105:books
678:2011
639:2011
605:PMID
583:2012
552:ISBN
338:cone
319:yews
305:and
258:mace
228:seed
194:aril
164:mace
91:news
43:aryl
595:PMC
587:doi
525:doi
466:doi
383:In
358:yew
272:of
246:or
234:or
192:An
74:by
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