47:
140:
107:
64:
407:. The author notes that Aristotle's right hand (traditionally the favored hand), which rests on the bust of Homer, is both higher and painted in lighter shades than the left hand on the gold chain given to him by Alexander. He also said that the two objects represents his contrasting values: the bust being his persisting values, while the chain is his ever-changing values.
428:
Beranek mentions that the gold chain is a token of great honor, since receiving gold is an old practice that recognizes someone's greatest achievement. Beranek believed that the appeal of the painting is how it engages the viewers. As the audience watches
Aristotle as he is deep in thought, they can
362:
argued that it was
Aristotle in the painting by analyzing his facial features, his clothes and the objects he holds. According to Held, Aristotle is known for his long hair and beard, fancy jewelry and extravagant dresses, which can be seen in other paintings that featured him between the sixteenth
437:
There are stacked books in the background painted in a realistic manner, which gives them importance to the scene. According to Suthor, they represent the lingering reminder of a great poet. Aristotle's hand has a warm color when it touches the bust of Homer, which implies a special bond
Aristotle
402:
Aristotle, world-weary, looks at the bust of blind, humble Homer, on which he rests one of his hands. This has variously been interpreted as the man of sound methodical science deferring to art, or as the wealthy and famous philosopher, wearing the jeweled belt given to him by
Alexander the Great,
393:
To
Theodore Rousseau, there is meaning to how Rembrandt draws Aristotle's eyes. The shadows that partially conceal Aristotle's eyes show that he is lost in his thoughts. The eyes usually hint at a person's inner thoughts, but the use of shadows implies that there is a mystery to what Aristotle is
250:
was the perfect match, since
Rembrandt represented the study of mankind while the cosmographer represents the study of the heavens. However, Guercino's piece disappeared for no apparent reason. According to Charles Mee, perhaps Don Antonio did not think it was good enough. Rembrandt later created
375:
According to
Charles Mee, the main theme of Rembrandt's paintings is the idea of contemplation. The people in his paintings stare as if they are lost in thought, which makes this his most commonly used theme. To achieve this, he picked a white gown to make Aristotle look more dignified. Also, he
237:
nobleman named Don
Antonio Ruffo, who did not request any particular subject. Despite not knowing what Rembrandt would create, he was already eager to hang it in his Hall of Fame. Don Antonio planned to commission companion pieces for Rembrandt's painting from the
959:
Jürgen Müller: "So ist die Seele wie die Hand" – Rembrandts
Aristoteles mit der Büste des Homer, in: Bild, Blick, Berührung. Optische und taktile Wahrnehmung in den Künsten, ed. by Tina Zürn, Steffen Haug and Thomas Helbig, Munich 2019, pp.
415:
Carroll suggested that
Aristotle is focusing on the ideas relating to the objects instead of the objects themselves. She uses Rembrandt's other paintings with the same themes of contemplation to support her claim. For example, his
367:. Held also connects Aristotle with the bust of Homer and Alexander's chain. Aristotle is known to be a commentator of Homer and Alexander the Great, which led Held to believe that it must be Aristotle in the painting.
403:
envying the life of the poor blind bard. It has also been suggested that this is Rembrandt's commentary on the power of portraiture. The interpretation of methodical science deferring to art is discussed at length in
394:
feeling at that moment. Rousseau also mentions Rembrandt's use of various brushstrokes and limited use of colors. These art choices are supposed to imply the different moods he felt while he was painting this piece.
1836:
605:
1820:
277:
in London. When Hume died, his descendants sold it to Rodolphe Kann in Paris. Kann had a huge collection of notable valuables, but after his death, Rembrandt's painting was sent to other American collectors.
1812:
438:
feels with Homer. While the bust of Homer seems more visible than Alexander's chain, Rembrandt makes the chain seem as if it were protruding from the frame, thus giving it as much prominence as the bust.
489:
376:
painted a black apron, since the color black represents melancholy. All of these elements helped create a feeling of deep contemplation, which is what the viewers could find relatable. The
1310:
1286:
322:
There has been confusion over the identity of the man in the painting because Don Antonio Ruffo did not specifically request a subject for his commission. It has been thought to be
1578:
2489:
420:
shows St. Paul pondering what he will write in his book, not solely on the book itself. For Rembrandt's bust, it represents his "attribute for learning", or his educated past.
1422:
1118:
1995:
1852:
2035:
2019:
1650:
1318:
1278:
1983:
1778:
1682:
2469:
2274:
1142:
1967:
1916:
1844:
1714:
1514:
1350:
1190:
2114:
1086:
2474:
2437:
1690:
1674:
1382:
936:
2380:
2218:
1374:
1366:
2499:
2146:
2075:
1951:
1522:
1230:
1023:
1924:
1706:
1554:
1174:
2320:
2051:
2043:
2011:
1642:
1610:
1446:
1238:
1134:
711:
1326:
2494:
2059:
2027:
1722:
1546:
1358:
1270:
295:
46:
2484:
2459:
2234:
1908:
1342:
1254:
1206:
1061:
2242:
2095:
2083:
2067:
2003:
1828:
1494:
1182:
1158:
1049:
465:
2249:
990:
2259:
2178:
2104:
1666:
1414:
1390:
1262:
1045:
1041:
310:. During the renovation of the Rembrandt wing of the Metropolitan Museum, the painting was re-titled in November 2013 as
2360:
2099:
1570:
1406:
1294:
1246:
1094:
1078:
1876:
1860:
1602:
1530:
1462:
1438:
1126:
1053:
2352:
2304:
2154:
1770:
1746:
1730:
1562:
1470:
996:
287:
253:
214:
126:
217:. The mysterious tone in the painting has led several scholars to different interpretations of Rembrandt's theme.
2479:
2269:
1975:
1868:
1804:
1762:
1634:
1586:
1501:
1222:
1214:
1110:
339:
96:
2138:
1932:
1454:
1166:
1150:
307:
2464:
2194:
2162:
1786:
1658:
1016:
2202:
1892:
1398:
1070:
2328:
2296:
2288:
2280:
2186:
1302:
377:
17:
2417:
2368:
2312:
1538:
1486:
452:
213:'s collection. It was bought and sold by several collectors until it was eventually purchased by the
1900:
1198:
274:
258:
139:
106:
63:
2403:
2336:
1959:
1334:
1102:
1009:
942:
900:
843:
749:
586:
380:
was well underway by the 1650s, making Rembrandt's theme of contemplation a relatable subject.
2410:
2226:
1884:
932:
822:, January 25, 2016, accessed May 1, 2019, https://smarthistory.org/rembrandt-aristotle-homer/.
707:
2210:
2130:
1738:
1618:
1430:
924:
892:
835:
807:
741:
629:
578:
331:
202:
2388:
2122:
1754:
1698:
1478:
323:
155:
302:
to critique the sale (and by extension the power of money in art) with his own painting
2393:
1626:
700:
359:
327:
180:
657:
2453:
2398:
2344:
2170:
535:
447:
291:
210:
456:. It explores Rembrandt's insight on society as he contemplates the value of money.
343:
91:
826:
Carroll, Margaret Deutsch (1984). "Rembrandt's 'Aristotle': Exemplary Beholder".
273:
In 1815, it was sent to Sir Abraham Hume and he lent it to an exhibition at the
247:
946:
1032:
299:
198:
194:
83:
57:
970:
928:
979:
732:
Carroll, Margaret (1984). "Rembrandt's 'Aristotle': Exemplary Beholder".
243:
975:
bust via photogrammetric survey of a plaster cast of the Louvre's marble
883:
Rousseau, Theodore (1962). "Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer".
569:
Rousseau, Theodore (1962). "Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer".
164:
904:
847:
753:
590:
355:
100:
364:
351:
335:
234:
896:
839:
745:
582:
286:
Eventually, it was purchased in 1961 for $ 2.3 million by the
239:
206:
350:. Schama presents a substantial argument that it was the ancient
868:
Knox, Sanka (1961-11-16) "Museum Gets Rembrandt for 2.3 Million
1005:
954:
The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Aristotle with a Bust of Homer.
985:
151:
778:. Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press. p. 133.
298:
at public or private sale. This inspired the American artist
1001:
118:
143.5 cm (56.5 in) × 136.5 cm (53.7 in)
1311:
Pendant portraits of Maerten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit
1287:
Diana Bathing with her Nymphs with Actaeon and Callisto
919:
Suthor, Nicola (2018). "Clair-Obscure II: Light Play".
342:. The identity of the subject was also challenged by
2379:
2258:
2094:
1943:
1796:
1060:
693:
691:
689:
687:
147:
132:
122:
114:
90:
79:
71:
53:
32:
856:Rembrandt's Aristotle and Other Rembrandt Studies.
699:
534:
358:who is depicted in Rembrandt's painting. In 1969,
201:wearing a gold chain and contemplating a sculpted
702:Rembrandt's Aristotle and Other Rembrandt Studies
405:Rembrandt's Aristotle and Other Rembrandt Studies
923:. Princeton University Press. pp. 126–157.
1119:Bust of a Man Wearing a Gorget and Plumed Beret
1996:Self-Portrait Wearing a White Feathered Bonnet
2036:Self-Portrait with Beret and Turned-Up Collar
2020:Self-Portrait in a Black Beret and Gold Chain
1017:
8:
1423:The Archangel Raphael Leaving Tobias' Family
233:was painted in 1653, as a commission from a
2490:Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art
1984:Portrait of a Young Man with a Golden Chain
658:"Rembrandt, Aristotle with a Bust of Homer"
261:for Ruffo, both ten years after completing
1683:Ahasuerus and Haman at the Feast of Esther
1024:
1010:
1002:
294:, United States. At the time this was the
138:
105:
62:
45:
29:
209:. It was created as a commission for Don
446:The painting forms the central theme of
296:highest amount ever paid for any picture
1845:Portrait of a Man Rising from His Chair
1191:The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp
885:The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin
606:"Museum Gets Rembrandt for 2.3 Million"
571:The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin
476:
231:Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer
190:Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer
39:Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer
18:Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer
1087:Suffer little children to come unto me
282:Purchase by Metropolitan Museum of Art
1675:Moses Breaking the Tablets of the Law
973:Imaginary Portrait of the Blind Homer
769:
767:
765:
763:
7:
2219:Descent from the Cross by Torchlight
1375:Samson Threatening His Father-In-Law
727:
725:
723:
656:Beranek, Saskia (January 25, 2016).
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
564:
562:
560:
558:
556:
554:
552:
550:
548:
528:
526:
524:
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
484:
482:
480:
185:Aristoteles bij de buste van Homerus
1952:Self-Portrait with Dishevelled Hair
956:metmuseum.org. Retrieved 2014-04-08
338:and seventeenth-century Dutch poet
1925:Portrait of a Man with Arms Akimbo
1707:The Conspiracy of Claudius Civilis
193:, is an oil-on-canvas painting by
25:
2052:Self-Portrait as the Apostle Paul
1651:Jacob Blessing the Sons of Joseph
1643:The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Deijman
1447:Landscape with the Good Samaritan
877:Rembrandt's Portrait: A Biography
810:. Art Institute of Chicago. 1963.
632:. Art Institute of Chicago. 1963.
537:Rembrandt's Portrait: A Biography
490:"The Metropolitan Museum of Art:
2470:Cultural depictions of Aristotle
2275:Cultural depictions of Rembrandt
2060:Self-Portrait as Zeuxis Laughing
1547:Abraham Serving the Three Angels
2235:The Virgin and Child with a Cat
1909:Portrait of Catharina Hooghsaet
1343:The Prodigal Son in the Brothel
1255:The Storm on the Sea of Galilee
858:Princeton University Press 1969
2243:Christ Presented to the People
2084:Self-Portrait at the Age of 63
2068:Self-Portrait with Two Circles
2004:Self-Portrait at the Age of 34
1829:Portrait of Jacob de Gheyn III
1779:The Return of the Prodigal Son
1595:Aristotle with a Bust of Homer
1183:Andromeda Chained to the Rocks
992:Aristotle with a Bust of Homer
981:Aristotle with a Bust of Homer
816:Aristotle with a Bust of Homer
706:. Princeton University Press.
492:Aristotle with a Bust of Homer
466:List of paintings by Rembrandt
411:Margaret Deutsch Carroll, 1984
312:Aristotle with a Bust of Homer
263:Aristotle with a Bust of Homer
176:Aristotle with a Bust of Homer
33:Aristotle with a Bust of Homer
1:
2308: (1954 documentary film)
1723:Syndics of the Drapers' Guild
1415:The Preacher Eleazar Swalmius
1263:A Lady and Gentleman in Black
865:. Simon & Schuster, 2004.
363:and seventeenth centuries in
2475:Cultural depictions of Homer
1407:Landscape with Arched Bridge
1351:Raising of the Cross (study)
1247:The Shipbuilder and his Wife
1143:The Parable of the Rich Fool
1079:The Stoning of Saint Stephen
814:Beranek, Saskia "Rembrandt,
429:contemplate along with him.
1877:Portrait of Petronella Buys
1861:Portrait of Marten Soolmans
1837:Aeltje Pietersdr Uylenburgh
1715:Saint Matthew and the Angel
1603:A Woman Bathing in a Stream
1531:The Holy Family with Angels
1515:The Woman Taken in Adultery
1463:The Girl in a Picture Frame
1439:The Wedding Feast of Samson
1127:Tobit and Anna with the Kid
879:. Simon and Schuster, 1988.
2516:
2500:Dutch Golden Age paintings
2305:Rembrandt: A Self-Portrait
2115:Joseph and Potiphar's Wife
1731:Homer Dictating his Verses
1471:The Scholar at the Lectern
997:Rembrandt Research Project
604:Knox, Sanka (1961-11-16).
288:Metropolitan Museum of Art
254:Homer Dictating his Verses
246:. Guercino decided that a
215:Metropolitan Museum of Art
127:Metropolitan Museum of Art
27:1653 painting by Rembrandt
2427:
2361:I Am Rembrandt's Daughter
2270:Bibliography of Rembrandt
1976:Self-Portrait in a Gorget
1869:Portrait of Oopjen Coppit
1805:Portrait of Nicolaes Ruts
1763:Young Woman with a Lapdog
1691:The Denial of Saint Peter
1223:Philosopher in Meditation
1215:Old Man with a Gold Chain
1111:The Baptism of the Eunuch
1039:
161:
156:The Met object ID: 437394
97:Dutch Golden Age painting
44:
37:
2139:The Artist and his Model
1933:Portrait of Dirck van Os
1853:Oval Portrait of a Woman
1455:Still Life with Peacocks
1367:The Entombment of Christ
1167:Anna and the Blind Tobit
1151:The Artist in his Studio
308:Art Institute of Chicago
2495:Oil on canvas paintings
2147:The Death of the Virgin
1787:Landscape with a Castle
1659:Courtesan at her Mirror
1231:The Abduction of Europa
793:. Simon & Schuster.
789:Heller, Joseph (2004).
389:Theodore Rousseau, 1962
306:, which is held at the
257:and a lost painting of
2485:17th-century portraits
2460:Paintings by Rembrandt
1893:Portrait of Maria Trip
1579:Descent from the Cross
1555:Susanna and the Elders
1399:The Blinding of Samson
1319:Descent from the Cross
1279:Descent from the Cross
1175:The Raising of Lazarus
929:10.2307/j.ctt1zkjxmf.7
340:Pieter Cornelisz Hooft
184:
2187:Hundred Guilder Print
1611:Bathsheba at Her Bath
1239:Adoration of the Magi
1135:The Flight into Egypt
921:Rembrandt's Roughness
808:"Heart of the Matter"
776:Rembrandt's Roughness
698:Held, Julius (1969).
630:"Heart of the Matter"
541:. Simon and Schuster.
533:Mee, Charles (1988).
378:Scientific Revolution
2418:Vereniging Rembrandt
2369:The Rembrandt Affair
2353:Rembrandt's J'Accuse
2313:Rembrandt fecit 1669
1487:Concord of the State
1359:The Rape of Ganymede
1271:Raising of the Cross
872:Retrieved 2014-04-08
828:Artibus et Historiae
734:Artibus et Historiae
681:Schama, pp. 582–591.
424:Saskia Beranek, 2016
2203:Goldweigher's Field
2179:Portrait of Jan Six
1901:Portrait of Jan Six
1821:Portrait of a Woman
1383:The Standard Bearer
1207:Christ on the Cross
1199:Christ with a Staff
433:Nicola Suthor, 2018
304:Heart of the Matter
275:British Institution
259:Alexander the Great
152:RKDimages ID: 53707
136:Rodolphe Kann
2356:(2008 documentary)
2337:Stealing Rembrandt
2324: (1995 novel)
2321:The Anatomy Lesson
1960:Rembrandt Laughing
1495:David and Jonathan
1327:Belshazzar's Feast
1159:Samson and Delilah
1103:Balaam and the Ass
418:St. Paul in Prison
2447:
2446:
2332: (1999 film)
2300: (1942 film)
2292: (1940 film)
2284: (1936 film)
2227:The Three Crosses
1917:Portrait of a Man
1885:A Polish Nobleman
1813:Portrait of a Man
1667:Saint Bartholomew
1042:Lists of drawings
938:978-0-691-17244-6
913:Rembrandt's Eyes.
398:Julius Held, 1969
269:Subsequent owners
187:), also known as
172:
171:
16:(Redirected from
2507:
2480:Portraits of men
2440:
2433:
2211:Doctor Fautrieus
2131:River with Trees
1739:The Jewish Bride
1619:The Polish Rider
1571:The Kitchen Maid
1431:The Stone Bridge
1095:History Painting
1026:
1019:
1012:
1003:
950:
908:
875:Mee, Charles L.
861:Heller, Joseph.
851:
811:
795:
794:
786:
780:
779:
774:Suthor, Nicola.
771:
758:
757:
729:
718:
717:
705:
695:
682:
679:
673:
672:
670:
668:
653:
634:
633:
626:
620:
619:
617:
616:
601:
595:
594:
566:
543:
542:
540:
530:
505:
504:
502:
501:
486:
348:Rembrandt's Eyes
165:edit on Wikidata
143:
142:
110:
109:
67:
66:
49:
30:
21:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2436:
2431:
2423:
2389:Rembrandt, Iowa
2375:
2261:
2254:
2250:Mughal drawings
2195:Conus Marmoreus
2163:The Three Trees
2123:Bearded Old Man
2102:
2090:
1939:
1792:
1755:David and Uriah
1699:Titus as a Monk
1479:The Night Watch
1056:
1035:
1030:
967:
939:
918:
897:10.2307/3257965
882:
840:10.2307/1483193
825:
806:
803:
798:
788:
787:
783:
773:
772:
761:
746:10.2307/1483193
731:
730:
721:
714:
697:
696:
685:
680:
676:
666:
664:
655:
654:
637:
628:
627:
623:
614:
612:
603:
602:
598:
583:10.2307/3257965
568:
567:
546:
532:
531:
508:
499:
497:
496:. Metmuseum.org
488:
487:
478:
474:
462:
444:
435:
426:
413:
400:
391:
386:
373:
324:Albertus Magnus
320:
284:
271:
228:
223:
168:
154:
137:
104:
61:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2513:
2511:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2465:1653 paintings
2462:
2452:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2438:Stolen in 1990
2434:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2415:
2407:
2401:
2396:
2394:Rembrandtplein
2391:
2385:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2365:
2357:
2349:
2341:
2333:
2325:
2317:
2309:
2301:
2293:
2285:
2277:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2239:
2231:
2223:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2135:
2127:
2119:
2110:
2108:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2080:
2072:
2064:
2056:
2048:
2040:
2032:
2024:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1980:
1972:
1964:
1956:
1947:
1945:
1944:Self-portraits
1941:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1929:
1921:
1913:
1905:
1897:
1889:
1881:
1873:
1865:
1857:
1849:
1841:
1833:
1825:
1817:
1809:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1775:
1767:
1759:
1751:
1743:
1735:
1727:
1719:
1711:
1703:
1695:
1687:
1679:
1671:
1663:
1655:
1647:
1639:
1631:
1627:Slaughtered Ox
1623:
1615:
1607:
1599:
1591:
1587:Saul and David
1583:
1575:
1567:
1563:Head of Christ
1559:
1551:
1543:
1535:
1527:
1523:Joseph's Dream
1519:
1511:
1499:
1491:
1483:
1475:
1467:
1459:
1451:
1443:
1435:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1410:(c. 1636-1637)
1403:
1395:
1387:
1379:
1371:
1363:
1355:
1347:
1339:
1331:
1323:
1315:
1307:
1299:
1291:
1283:
1275:
1267:
1259:
1251:
1243:
1235:
1227:
1219:
1211:
1203:
1195:
1187:
1179:
1178:(c. 1630–1632)
1171:
1163:
1155:
1147:
1139:
1131:
1123:
1115:
1107:
1099:
1091:
1083:
1075:
1066:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1054:self-portraits
1040:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1006:
1000:
999:
988:
977:
966:
965:External links
963:
962:
961:
957:
951:
947:j.ctt1zkjxmf.7
937:
916:
911:Schama, Simon
909:
891:(5): 149–156.
880:
873:
870:New York Times
866:
859:
854:Held, Julius
852:
823:
812:
802:
799:
797:
796:
781:
759:
719:
712:
683:
674:
635:
621:
610:New York Times
596:
577:(5): 149–156.
544:
506:
475:
473:
470:
469:
468:
461:
458:
450:'s 1988 novel
443:
442:In other media
440:
434:
431:
425:
422:
412:
409:
399:
396:
390:
387:
385:
384:Interpretation
382:
372:
369:
319:
318:Misconceptions
316:
283:
280:
270:
267:
227:
224:
222:
219:
170:
169:
162:
159:
158:
149:
145:
144:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
94:
88:
87:
81:
77:
76:
73:
69:
68:
55:
51:
50:
42:
41:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2512:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:Rembrandtpark
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2345:Nightwatching
2342:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2257:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2171:The State Bed
2168:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2076:Self-Portrait
2073:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2044:Self-Portrait
2041:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2028:Self-Portrait
2025:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2012:Self-Portrait
2009:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1968:Self-Portrait
1965:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1635:Pallas Athene
1632:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1004:
998:
994:
993:
989:
987:
983:
982:
978:
976:
974:
969:
968:
964:
958:
955:
952:
948:
944:
940:
934:
930:
926:
922:
917:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
881:
878:
874:
871:
867:
864:
860:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
834:(10): 35–56.
833:
829:
824:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
804:
800:
792:
785:
782:
777:
770:
768:
766:
764:
760:
755:
751:
747:
743:
740:(10): 35–56.
739:
735:
728:
726:
724:
720:
715:
713:9780691038629
709:
704:
703:
694:
692:
690:
688:
684:
678:
675:
663:
662:Smart History
659:
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
636:
631:
625:
622:
611:
607:
600:
597:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
565:
563:
561:
559:
557:
555:
553:
551:
549:
545:
539:
538:
529:
527:
525:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
513:
511:
507:
495:
493:
485:
483:
481:
477:
471:
467:
464:
463:
459:
457:
455:
454:
449:
448:Joseph Heller
441:
439:
432:
430:
423:
421:
419:
410:
408:
406:
397:
395:
388:
383:
381:
379:
370:
368:
366:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
317:
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
292:New York City
289:
281:
279:
276:
268:
266:
264:
260:
256:
255:
249:
245:
241:
236:
232:
225:
220:
218:
216:
212:
211:Antonio Ruffo
208:
204:
200:
197:that depicts
196:
192:
191:
186:
182:
178:
177:
166:
160:
157:
153:
150:
146:
141:
135:
131:
128:
125:
121:
117:
113:
108:
102:
98:
95:
93:
89:
85:
82:
78:
74:
70:
65:
59:
56:
52:
48:
43:
40:
36:
31:
19:
2420:(foundation)
2409:
2372:(2010 novel)
2367:
2364:(2008 novel)
2359:
2351:
2343:
2335:
2327:
2319:
2311:
2303:
2295:
2287:
2279:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2153:
2145:
2137:
2129:
2121:
2113:
2082:
2074:
2066:
2058:
2050:
2042:
2034:
2026:
2018:
2010:
2002:
1994:
1988:
1982:
1974:
1966:
1958:
1950:
1931:
1923:
1915:
1907:
1899:
1891:
1883:
1875:
1867:
1859:
1851:
1843:
1835:
1827:
1819:
1811:
1803:
1785:
1777:
1769:
1761:
1753:
1745:
1737:
1729:
1721:
1713:
1705:
1697:
1689:
1681:
1673:
1665:
1657:
1649:
1641:
1633:
1625:
1617:
1609:
1601:
1594:
1593:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1561:
1553:
1545:
1537:
1529:
1521:
1513:
1506:
1502:
1493:
1485:
1477:
1469:
1461:
1453:
1445:
1437:
1429:
1421:
1413:
1405:
1397:
1389:
1381:
1373:
1365:
1357:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1301:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1221:
1213:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1181:
1173:
1165:
1157:
1149:
1141:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1093:
1085:
1077:
1069:
991:
980:
972:
971:3D model of
953:
920:
912:
888:
884:
876:
869:
863:Picture This
862:
855:
831:
827:
820:Smarthistory
819:
815:
791:Picture This
790:
784:
775:
737:
733:
701:
677:
665:. Retrieved
661:
624:
613:. Retrieved
609:
599:
574:
570:
536:
498:. Retrieved
491:
453:Picture This
451:
445:
436:
427:
417:
414:
404:
401:
392:
374:
347:
346:in his book
344:Simon Schama
321:
311:
303:
285:
272:
262:
252:
248:cosmographer
230:
229:
189:
188:
175:
174:
173:
38:
2348:(2007 film)
2340:(2003 film)
2316:(1977 film)
2260:Works about
2190:(1647–1649)
2103:(including
2071:(1665–1669)
1782:(1662–1669)
1582:(1650–1652)
1542:(1645–1648)
1242:(1632–1633)
915:Knopf, 1999
360:Julius Held
148:Identifiers
2454:Categories
1590:(c. 1652)
1071:The Senses
801:References
615:2014-04-08
500:2014-04-08
221:Background
115:Dimensions
2432:Contested
2411:Rembrandt
2404:Rembrandt
2381:Namesakes
2329:Rembrandt
2297:Rembrandt
2289:Rembrandt
2281:Rembrandt
2262:Rembrandt
2079:(c. 1669)
1936:(c. 1662)
1797:Portraits
1758:(c. 1665)
1638:(c. 1655)
1458:(c. 1639)
1354:(c. 1635)
1346:(c. 1635)
1303:Artemisia
1218:(c. 1631)
1170:(c. 1630)
1162:(1629–30)
1130:(c. 1626)
1074:(1624–25)
1062:Paintings
1050:paintings
1033:Rembrandt
995:, in the
300:Otis Kaye
199:Aristotle
195:Rembrandt
84:oil paint
58:Rembrandt
2406:(crater)
2155:The Mill
2105:etchings
2096:Drawings
1989:disputed
1987:(1635) (
1979:(c.1629)
1771:Lucretia
1747:Lucretia
1539:The Mill
1046:etchings
460:See also
354:painter
244:Guercino
242:painter
235:Sicilian
123:Location
92:Movement
86:, canvas
2414:(train)
1750:(1664)
1622:(1655)
1335:Minerva
1258:(1633)
1090:(1620s)
984:in the
905:3257965
848:1483193
754:1483193
591:3257965
356:Apelles
332:Ariosto
240:Italian
226:Origins
101:Baroque
2246:(1655)
2238:(1654)
2230:(1653)
2222:(1652)
2214:(1652)
2206:(1651)
2198:(1650)
2182:(1647)
2174:(1646)
2166:(1643)
2158:(1641)
2150:(1639)
2142:(1639)
2134:(1634)
2126:(1634)
2118:(1634)
2100:prints
2087:(1669)
2063:(1662)
2055:(1662)
2047:(1660)
2039:(1659)
2031:(1658)
2023:(1654)
2015:(1652)
2007:(1640)
1999:(1635)
1971:(1629)
1963:(1628)
1955:(1628)
1928:(1658)
1920:(1657)
1912:(1657)
1904:(1654)
1896:(1639)
1888:(1637)
1880:(1635)
1872:(1634)
1864:(1634)
1856:(1633)
1848:(1633)
1840:(1632)
1832:(1632)
1824:(1632)
1816:(1632)
1808:(1631)
1774:(1666)
1766:(1665)
1742:(1664)
1734:(1663)
1726:(1662)
1718:(1661)
1710:(1661)
1702:(1660)
1694:(1660)
1686:(1660)
1678:(1659)
1670:(1657)
1662:(1657)
1654:(1656)
1646:(1656)
1630:(1655)
1614:(1654)
1606:(1654)
1598:(1653)
1574:(1651)
1566:(1648)
1558:(1647)
1550:(1646)
1534:(1645)
1526:(1645)
1518:(1644)
1510:(1643)
1498:(1642)
1490:(1642)
1482:(1642)
1474:(1641)
1466:(1641)
1450:(1638)
1442:(1638)
1434:(1637)
1426:(1637)
1418:(1637)
1402:(1636)
1394:(1636)
1386:(1636)
1378:(1635)
1370:(1635)
1362:(1635)
1338:(1635)
1330:(1635)
1322:(1634)
1314:(1634)
1306:(1634)
1298:(1634)
1290:(1634)
1282:(1633)
1274:(1633)
1266:(1633)
1250:(1633)
1234:(1632)
1226:(1632)
1210:(1631)
1202:(1631)
1194:(1631)
1186:(1631)
1154:(1628)
1146:(1627)
1138:(1627)
1122:(1626)
1114:(1626)
1106:(1626)
1098:(1626)
1082:(1625)
960:73–88.
945:
935:
903:
846:
818:," in
752:
710:
667:May 1,
589:
365:Europe
336:Virgil
103:
80:Medium
60:
54:Artist
1391:Danaë
1295:Flora
943:JSTOR
901:JSTOR
844:JSTOR
750:JSTOR
587:JSTOR
472:Notes
371:Theme
352:Greek
328:Tasso
207:Homer
181:Dutch
163:[
133:Owner
2098:and
1507:Ruth
1505:and
1503:Boaz
933:ISBN
708:ISBN
669:2019
203:bust
75:1653
72:Year
986:RKD
925:doi
893:doi
836:doi
742:doi
579:doi
290:in
205:of
2456::
1052:,
1048:,
1044:,
941:.
931:.
899:.
889:20
887:.
842:.
830:.
762:^
748:.
736:.
722:^
686:^
660:.
638:^
608:.
585:.
575:20
573:.
547:^
509:^
479:^
334:,
330:,
326:,
314:.
265:.
183::
99:,
2107:)
1991:)
1025:e
1018:t
1011:v
949:.
927::
907:.
895::
850:.
838::
832:5
756:.
744::
738:5
716:.
671:.
618:.
593:.
581::
503:.
494:"
179:(
167:]
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
