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Arizona SB 1062

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567:"Government shall not substantially burden a person's freedom of religion. The right to act or refuse to act in a manner motivated by a sincerely held religious belief may not be substantially burdened unless the government proves by clear and convincing evidence that it has a compelling governmental interest in infringing the specific act or refusal to act and has used the least restrictive means to further that interest. A "burden" shall include indirect burdens such as withholding benefits, assessing penalties, or an exclusion of programs or access to facilities." 96:
laws, as an expression of religious belief. "To permit this," wrote Justice Scalia, "would make the professed doctrines of religious belief superior to the law of the land, and in effect to permit every citizen to become a law unto himself." He wrote that neutral laws of general applicability do not
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groups had opposed the bill. As state law already allows businesses to refuse services to anyone for any given reason, business owners noted that refusing services to LGBT people was currently allowed anyway. They would only be losing business by discriminating and do not need extra protections for
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in the article from "a religious assembly or institution" to also include "any individual, association, partnership, corporation, church," "estate, trust, foundation or other legal entity", and would have allowed for religious-freedom as a claim or defense in lawsuits "regardless of whether the
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SB 1062 was intended to amend Section 41-1493 of the Arizona Revised Statutes, which prevents "any law, including state and local laws, ordinances, rules, regulations and policies" from "substantially burden" a person's exercise of religion, unless the burden is the least restrictive means of
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June 2012 ballot initiative to amend the North Dakota Constitution would preventing the government from burdening the sincere exercise of religious liberty by a person or religious organization, absent proof of a compelling governmental interest, and then only by use of the least restrictive
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Arizona SB 1062 was similar, at the time, to bills in five other states—South Dakota, Kansas, Idaho, Tennessee, Colorado, and Maine—that all failed or faced major setbacks as of February 2014. Other bills centered on the same core issues are:
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Bill would affirm the "right to act or refuse to act in a manner substantially motivated by a sincerely held religious tenet or belief whether or not the exercise is compulsory or a central part or requirement of the person's religious tenets or
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Arizona lawmakers were concerned about a 2013 New Mexico Supreme Court ruling that weakened its state's RFRA, which was passed as a religious exemption to its own public accommodation law prohibiting the denial of services based on a person's
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against a business that religiously objected to accommodating a same-sex wedding, critics, a few media outlets, and opponents argued that the intent was to allow businesses to refuse to serve the LGBT community, specifically in the cases of
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something they cannot be sued for. Erwin Chemerinsky, dean of the UC Irvine law school, argued that the bill was harmful and "sends a message that the state is bigoted." Supporters of the bill included two conservative groups, the
101:, because such a requirement would create "a private right to ignore generally applicable laws". Strict scrutiny would require a law to be the least restrictive means of furthering a compelling government interest. The meaning of 242:
stated that it was "following the issue in Arizona and will continue to do so should the bill be signed into law", prompting concerns from Arizona business leaders that signing of SB1062 would lead to the pulling of
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Bill states "no individual, religious entity or government official had to provide any service if it would be contrary to the sincerely held religious beliefs of the individual or religious entity regarding sex or
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While proponents said the bill was intended to protect the right of business owners to refuse services based on religious objections and was a direct response to the New Mexico Supreme Court's ruling in
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Bill meant to "protect the citizens and businesses of South Dakota regarding speech pertaining to views on sexual orientation and to provide for the defense of such citizens and businesses."
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had called on its congregants to support the bill. Three lawmakers who initially voted for the bill, including Senate Majority Whip Adam Driggs, had encouraged Governor Brewer to veto it.
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It was one of several similar bills in U.S. state legislatures allowing individuals to refuse service based on religion, with some bills specifically protecting religious disapproval of
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to amend an existing law to give any individual or legal entity an exemption from any state law if it substantially burdened their exercise of religion, including Arizona law requiring
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Bill would require the government to show compelling interest if it chooses to enforce a law that substantially burdens one's religious beliefs.
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Bill would prohibit the state or any of its agencies and local governments from "substantially burdening a person's free exercise of religion."
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as gay. He referred to the bill as a "game changer," and noted the national controversy surrounding its passage, as prompting his decision.
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on February 20. The vote tally in the Senate was 17 for, 13 against, and in the House, 33 for, 27 against. On February 26, Governor
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to amend a law currently giving religious assemblies or institutions a religious exemption from any law. The bill was passed by the
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Ballot initiative "intended to exempt a person from supporting same-sex ceremonies in violation of deeply held religious beliefs."
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Ballot initiative failed in statewide primary election on June 12, 2012–60,465 voting for, 107,680 voting against (36.0%-64.0%).
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Bill states "the government could not infringe upon a person's religious freedom except in cases of 'compelling state interest."
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that the state's RFRA could not be invoked between two parties if the government was not a party to the legal proceedings.
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vetoed the bill after significant national attention. There are not enough votes in the legislature to override the veto.
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Bill Text: AZ SB1062 | 2014 | Fifty-first Legislature 2nd Regular | Introduced. LegiScan. 2014-02-25
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Bill states "that government should not substantially burden religious exercise without compelling justification."
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states "that government should not substantially burden religious exercise without compelling justification."
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furthering a "compelling government interest". SB 1062 would have revised it by expanding the definition of
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ballot measure failed in Arizona's 1990 elections. The issue was rendered moot by the vetoing of the bill.
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people, although Arizona law at the time provided no protection against discrimination on the basis of
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signed the approved bill into law two days later and the law has been in effect since July 1, 2015.
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signed the approved bill into law three days later and the law became effective on July 1, 2014.
1245:"Maine Senate nixes bill aimed at protecting religious freedom; opponents say it's unnecessary" 1009: 986: 877: 781: 284:
is quoted as: "designed to make sure governments cannot burden the free exercise of religion."
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Bill says state and local governments cannot put a substantial burden on religious practices.
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Bill "designed to make sure governments cannot burden the free exercise of religion."
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Bill "designed to make sure governments cannot burden the free exercise of religion."
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as gay. He identified the day that the bill passed the Senate as a "game changer".
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Arizona Senate Passes Bill Allowing Discrimination On Basis Of Religious Freedom.
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The national controversy surrounding the bill prompted Arizona State Senator
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Arizona Senate: Business owners can cite religion to refuse service to gays.
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Q&A: What's behind Arizona plan to let businesses refuse to serve gays?
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that the RFRA was inapplicable to state laws, some states passed their own
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Bill would have allowed individuals to deny service to gays and lesbians.
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Bill would have allowed individuals to deny service to gays and lesbians.
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Bill would have allowed individuals to deny service to gays and lesbians.
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Bill would have allowed individuals to deny service to gays and lesbians.
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SB 1062 forcing Brewer to consider issues tied to faith, discrimination.
1167:"Business leaders worried bill could prompt NFL to relocate Super Bowl" 23: 782:"Arizona Gov. Jan Brewer vetoes controversial anti-gay bill, SB 1062" 1227:"Arizona Senate Passes Bill Allowing Religious-Based Discrimination" 441:
Bill would allow individuals to deny service to gays and lesbians.
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3 GOP senators who voted for SB 1062 asking Brewer to veto bill.
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Arizona's Anti-Gay Bill Inspired This State Lawmaker To Come Out
59:-controlled state legislature and vetoed by Republican Governor 41: 780:
Shoichet, Catherine E.; Abdullah, Halimah (February 26, 2014).
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Bill allowing discrimination on religious grounds is offered.
754:"Governor of Arizona Vetoes Bill on Denying Service to Gays" 505:
Being rewritten, no action likely this legislative session.
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Gonzales v. O Centro Espirita Beneficente Uniao do Vegetal
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Discrimination against LGBTQ people in the United States
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version has not been placed on that chamber's calendar.
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Opposition to same-sex marriage in the United States
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on February 19, along party lines and passed by the
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Arizona lawmakers pass controversial anti-gay bill.
959:Bill Chappell; Mark Memmott (February 26, 2014). 287:Governor signed and in effect since July 1, 2015. 50:First Amendment to the United States Constitution 961:"Arizona Gov. Brewer Vetoes Controversial Bill" 1144:The Republic | azcentral.com. 02-24-2014" 747: 745: 354:Approved by House and Senate on March 25. The 427:Approved by House and Senate on April 1. The 175:, one of the bill's most strident opponents, 8: 1276:"Georgia may follow Arizona's anti-gay lead" 720:"Religious Freedom Restoration Act: SB 1062" 300:Rejected along party lines in February 2013. 590:refused to take up bill in wake of state's 109:. The US Congress responded by passing the 824:"Arizona Sen. Gallardo discloses he's gay" 563:Kentucky Religious Freedom Restoration Act 193:government is a party to the proceeding." 82:The United States Supreme Court ruled in 987:"Arizona Gov. Jan Brewer vetoes SB 1062" 652: 650: 626:Freedom of religion in the United States 985:Abdullah, Halimah (February 26, 2014). 902: 900: 862: 860: 858: 856: 854: 852: 850: 848: 846: 844: 714: 712: 710: 646: 231:, both of whom worked on the bill. The 1361:"SB 192 – Nevada 2013 Regular Session" 1032: 1030: 752:Santos, Fernanda (February 26, 2014). 574:signed, went into effect July 1, 2014. 531:Not approved for ballot as of March 1. 317:version withdrawn on February 27. The 90:neutral laws of general applicability, 40:. It was widely reported as targeting 817: 815: 685:"Public Accommodation Discrimination" 7: 1225:Merevick, Tony (February 19, 2014). 1206:Merevick, Tony (February 19, 2014). 657:Shadee Ashtari (February 20, 2014). 393:leaders refused to take up the bill. 103:neutral law of general applicability 1251:. February 18, 2014. Archived from 1187:Fuller, Jaime (February 24, 2014). 1008:Christie, Bob (February 26, 2014). 548:Judiciary Committee on February 18. 338:Judiciary Committee on February 15. 263:Similar legislation in other states 148:The bill was introduced by Senator 1337:Vogellas, Ed (February 26, 2013). 1274:Bookman, Jay (February 24, 2014). 1165:Wilson, Ryan (February 25, 2014). 1120:. Azstarnet.com. February 19, 2014 1088:"Sanchez, Ray and Miguel Marquez. 867:Dave, Paresh (February 22, 2014). 119:Religious Freedom Restoration Acts 88:(1990) that a person may not defy 14: 1068:. Azstarnet.com. January 16, 2014 938:The Arizona Republic. 02-23-2014" 607:No action on bill as of March 13. 111:Religious Freedom Restoration Act 822:Pitzl, Mary Jo (March 5, 2014). 478:No action on bill as of March 1. 444:No action on bill as of March 1. 1118:Arizona Daily Star. 02-19-2014" 1066:Arizona Daily Star. 01-16-2014" 107:elaborated by the court in 1993 1469:LGBTQ law in the United States 1038:"Text of the Senate Bill 1062" 873:Los Angeles Times. 02-22-2014" 1: 97:have to meet the standard of 1407:Text of the Senate Bill 1062 1094:. Cnn.com. February 21, 2014 663:Huffington Post. 02-20-2014" 204:Elane Photography v. Willock 171:Following the veto, Senator 142:Elane Photography v. Willock 85:Employment Division v. Smith 910:. Azleg.gov. Archived from 278:The Legislature passed the 233:Arizona Catholic Conference 55:The bill was passed by the 1485: 934:"Wingett Sanchez, Yvonne. 257:Martin Luther King Jr. Day 229:Alliance Defending Freedom 724:Center for Arizona Policy 518:Withdrawn on February 25. 371:Withdrawn on February 19. 281:Conscience Protection Act 225:Center for Arizona Policy 1449:LGBTQ history in Arizona 1092:CNN/cnn.com. 02-21-2014" 689:Arizona Attorney General 240:National Football League 1412:Legislative proceedings 1417:March 1, 2014, at the 636:LGBT rights in Arizona 631:Kansas House Bill 2453 465:refused to take it up. 410:on February 18 and by 63:on February 26, 2014. 1464:2014 in LGBTQ history 665:. Huffingtonpost.com 253:Pasadena, California 94:public accommodation 31:public accommodation 1385:. One Common Ground 1341:. Reviewjournal.com 1193:The Washington Post 695:on November 3, 2013 1317:Washingtonpost.com 1114:"Fischer, Howard. 1062:"Fischer, Howard. 759:The New York Times 592:gay marriage fight 133:sexual orientation 46:sexual orientation 1292:. Lgbtqnation.com 1140:"Pitzl, Mary Jo. 908:"Format Document" 878:Los Angeles Times 659:"Ashtar, Shadee. 461:on Apr 22, 2013. 247:, similar to how 38:same-sex marriage 1476: 1439:Arizona statutes 1395: 1394: 1392: 1390: 1379: 1373: 1372: 1370: 1368: 1357: 1351: 1350: 1348: 1346: 1334: 1328: 1327: 1325: 1323: 1308: 1302: 1301: 1299: 1297: 1286: 1280: 1279: 1271: 1265: 1264: 1262: 1260: 1255:on March 1, 2014 1241: 1235: 1234: 1222: 1216: 1215: 1203: 1197: 1196: 1184: 1178: 1177: 1175: 1173: 1162: 1156: 1155: 1153: 1151: 1136: 1130: 1129: 1127: 1125: 1110: 1104: 1103: 1101: 1099: 1084: 1078: 1077: 1075: 1073: 1058: 1052: 1051: 1049: 1047: 1042: 1034: 1025: 1024: 1022: 1020: 1005: 999: 998: 996: 994: 982: 976: 975: 973: 971: 956: 950: 949: 947: 945: 930: 924: 923: 921: 919: 914:on March 5, 2014 904: 895: 894: 892: 890: 885:on March 3, 2015 881:. Archived from 864: 839: 838: 836: 834: 819: 810: 805: 799: 798: 796: 794: 777: 771: 770: 768: 766: 749: 740: 739: 737: 735: 730:on March 1, 2014 726:. Archived from 716: 705: 704: 702: 700: 691:. Archived from 681: 675: 674: 672: 670: 654: 565:, which quotes; 389:on February 12. 249:Super Bowl XXVII 209:same-sex couples 1484: 1483: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1475: 1474: 1473: 1444:2014 in Arizona 1429: 1428: 1419:Wayback Machine 1403: 1398: 1388: 1386: 1381: 1380: 1376: 1366: 1364: 1359: 1358: 1354: 1344: 1342: 1336: 1335: 1331: 1321: 1319: 1311:Fuller, Jaime. 1310: 1309: 1305: 1295: 1293: 1288: 1287: 1283: 1273: 1272: 1268: 1258: 1256: 1243: 1242: 1238: 1224: 1223: 1219: 1205: 1204: 1200: 1186: 1185: 1181: 1171: 1169: 1164: 1163: 1159: 1149: 1147: 1146:. Azcentral.com 1138: 1137: 1133: 1123: 1121: 1112: 1111: 1107: 1097: 1095: 1086: 1085: 1081: 1071: 1069: 1060: 1059: 1055: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1036: 1035: 1028: 1018: 1016: 1007: 1006: 1002: 992: 990: 984: 983: 979: 969: 967: 958: 957: 953: 943: 941: 940:. Azcentral.com 932: 931: 927: 917: 915: 906: 905: 898: 888: 886: 869:"Dave, Paresh. 866: 865: 842: 832: 830: 828:Arizona Central 821: 820: 813: 806: 802: 792: 790: 779: 778: 774: 764: 762: 751: 750: 743: 733: 731: 718: 717: 708: 698: 696: 683: 682: 678: 668: 666: 656: 655: 648: 644: 617: 612: 414:on February 20. 265: 245:Super Bowl XLIX 199: 185: 150:Steve Yarbrough 137:gender identity 99:strict scrutiny 80: 20:Arizona SB 1062 17: 12: 11: 5: 1482: 1480: 1472: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1431: 1430: 1427: 1426: 1421: 1409: 1402: 1401:External links 1399: 1397: 1396: 1374: 1352: 1329: 1303: 1281: 1266: 1236: 1217: 1198: 1179: 1157: 1131: 1105: 1079: 1053: 1026: 1000: 977: 951: 925: 896: 840: 811: 800: 772: 741: 706: 676: 645: 643: 640: 639: 638: 633: 628: 623: 621:Indiana SB 101 616: 613: 611: 610: 609: 608: 605: 597: 596: 595: 585: 577: 576: 575: 569: 551: 550: 549: 542: 534: 533: 532: 529: 521: 520: 519: 516: 508: 507: 506: 503: 495: 494: 493: 490: 481: 480: 479: 476: 471:North Carolina 468: 467: 466: 455: 447: 446: 445: 442: 434: 433: 432: 425: 417: 416: 415: 404: 396: 395: 394: 383: 374: 373: 372: 369: 361: 360: 359: 352: 349:Indiana SB 101 341: 340: 339: 332: 324: 323: 322: 312: 303: 302: 301: 298: 290: 289: 288: 285: 270: 264: 261: 198: 195: 184: 181: 173:Steve Gallardo 79: 76: 68:Steve Gallardo 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1481: 1470: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1436: 1434: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1404: 1400: 1384: 1378: 1375: 1363:. 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Index

Arizona
bill
public accommodation
same-sex marriage
LGBT
sexual orientation
First Amendment to the United States Constitution
Republican
Jan Brewer
Steve Gallardo
come out
Employment Division v. Smith
public accommodation
strict scrutiny
elaborated by the court in 1993
Religious Freedom Restoration Act
ruled in 1997
Religious Freedom Restoration Acts
Gonzales v. O Centro Espirita Beneficente Uniao do Vegetal
sexual orientation
gender identity
Elane Photography v. Willock
Steve Yarbrough
Republican
Senate
state House
Jan Brewer
Steve Gallardo
came out
same-sex couples

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