849:, saw the traditional art museum as a useless public institution, one that focused more on fashion and conformity rather than education and uplift. Indeed, Dana's ideal museum would be one best suited for active and vigorous use by the average citizen, located near the center of their daily movement. In addition, Dana's conception of the perfect museum included a wider variety of objects than the traditional art museum, including industrial tools and handicrafts that encourage imagination in areas traditionally considered mundane. This view of the art museum envisions it as one well-suited to an industrial world, indeed enhancing it. Dana viewed paintings and sculptures as much less useful than industrial products, comparing the museum to a department store. In addition, he encouraged the active lending-out of a museum's collected objects in order to enhance education at schools and to aid in the cultural development of individual members of the community. Finally, Dana saw branch museums throughout a city as a good method of making sure that every citizen has access to its benefits. Dana's view of the ideal museum sought to invest a wider variety of people in it, and was self-consciously not elitist.
191:
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335:
1338:, the official national museum, and controlling organization for most major art and cultural museums in Washington, D.C., national museums with major art collections, as well as other national historic and cultural facilities nationwide. The Smithsonian also—directly or indirectly, and through traveling exhibits—coordinates some federal government support of museums (art and other), nationally. Also partners with many museums throughout the United States, each designated as a "Smithsonian Affiliate" institution.
548:
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1287:(MA) is a professional membership organisation based in London for museum, gallery, and heritage professionals, museums, galleries and heritage organisations, and companies that work in the museum, gallery, and heritage sector of the United Kingdom. It also offers international membership. Started in 1889, it is the oldest museum association in the world, and has over 5,000 individual members, 600 institutional members, and 250 corporate members.
22:
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number, compared to other kinds of art museums, makes university art museums perhaps the largest category of art museums in the country. While the first of these collections can be traced to learning collections developed in art academies in
Western Europe, they are now associated with and housed in centers of higher education of all types.
110:
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is a major factor in social mobility (for example, getting a higher-paid, higher-status job). The argument states that certain art museums are aimed at perpetuating aristocratic and upper class ideals of taste and excludes segments of society without the social opportunities to develop such interest.
720:
Most larger paintings from about 1530 onwards were designed to be seen either in churches or palaces, and many buildings built as palaces now function successfully as art museums. By the 18th century additions to palaces and country houses were sometimes intended specifically as galleries for viewing
565:
constitute collections of art developed, owned, and maintained by all kinds of schools, community colleges, colleges, and universities. This phenomenon exists in the West and East, making it a global practice. Although easily overlooked, there are over 700 university art museums in the US alone. This
816:
Museums are more than just mere 'fixed structures designed to house collections.' Their purpose is to shape identity and memory, cultural heritage, distilled narratives and treasured stories. Many art museums throughout history have been designed with a cultural purpose or been subject to political
1007:
There are a number of online art catalogues and galleries that have been developed independently of the support of any individual museum. Many of these, like
American Art Gallery, are attempts to develop galleries of artwork that are encyclopedic or historical in focus, while others are commercial
744:
The late 19th century saw a boom in the building of public art galleries in Europe and
America, becoming an essential cultural feature of larger cities. More art galleries rose up alongside museums and public libraries as part of the municipal drive for literacy and public education.
1785:
137:
An institution dedicated to the display of art can be called an art museum or an art gallery, and the two terms may be used interchangeably. This is reflected in the names of institutions around the world, some of which are considered art galleries, such as the
909:
Most art museums have only limited online collections, but a few museums, as well as some libraries and government agencies, have developed substantial online catalogues. Museums, libraries, and government agencies with substantial online collections include:
458:
in 1793 as a public museum for much of the former French royal collection marked an important stage in the development of public access to art by transferring the ownership to a republican state; but it was a continuation of trends already well established.
896:. Research suggests that the context in which an artwork is being presented has significant influence on its reception by the audience, and viewers shown artworks in a museum rated them more highly than when displayed in a "laboratory" setting
840:
The question of the place of the art museum in its community has long been under debate. Some see art museums as fundamentally elitist institutions, while others see them as institutions with the potential for societal education and uplift.
42:
294:
was put on public display. A series of museums on different subjects were opened over subsequent centuries, and many of the buildings of the
Vatican were purpose-built as galleries. An early royal treasury opened to the public was the
1142:
United States: Museums page, listing (with links) the national museums of the United States, in the "History, Arts, and
Culture" subsection of the "Citizens" section of the U.S. federal government's general information website
1777:
856:, for instance, argued that in spite the apparent freedom of choice in the arts, people's artistic preferences (such as classical music, rock, traditional music) strongly tie in with their social position. So called
1133:
1039:
There are also online galleries that have been developed by a collaboration of museums and galleries that are more interested with the categorization of art. They are interested in the potential use of
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is similar to an art gallery, presenting sculpture in an outdoor space. Sculpture has grown in popularity with sculptures installed in open spaces on both a permanent and temporary basis.
562:
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1222:
International Centre for the Study of the
Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM): an intergovernmental organization dedicated to the conservation of cultural heritage.
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47:
46:
43:
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There are relatively few local/regional/national organizations dedicated specifically to art museums. Most art museums are associated with local/regional/national organizations for
48:
253:, could be hired from shops outside. The treasuries of cathedrals and large churches, or parts of them, were often set out for public display and veneration. Many of the grander
1807:
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records of these kinds of art are often shown in galleries, however. Most museums and large art galleries own more works than they have room to display. The rest are held in
1837:
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was not formed by opening an existing royal or princely art collection to the public, but was created from scratch as a joint project of some Czech aristocrats in 1796.
245:, entrance was restricted to people of certain social classes who were required to wear the proper apparel, which typically included the appropriate accessories, silver
1172:– the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization—the leading global organization for the preservation and presentation of world cultures and arts.
2808:
2608:
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808:. Some critics argue these galleries defeat their purposes because their dramatic interior spaces distract the eye from the paintings they are supposed to exhibit.
45:
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in 1817. This established the gallery as a series of interconnected rooms with largely uninterrupted wall spaces for hanging pictures and indirect lighting from
411:
for public viewing. After much debate, the idea was eventually abandoned due to the great expense, and twenty years later, the collection was bought by
Tsaritsa
1705:
1236:
861:
The fine arts thus perpetuate social inequality by creating divisions between different social groups. This argument also ties in with the
Marxist theory of
470:
was built before the French
Revolution for the public display of parts of the royal art collection, and similar royal galleries were opened to the public in
3128:
2230:
1571:
852:
Since the 1970s, a number of political theorists and social commentators have pointed to the political implications of art museums and social relations.
1044:
within museums and the requirements for post-processing of terms that have been gathered, both to test their utility and to deploy them in useful ways.
2016:
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654:
260:
Special arrangements were made to allow the public to see many royal or private collections placed in galleries, as with most of the paintings of the
1315:
1097:
214:. Although these collections of art were not open to the general public, they were often made available for viewing for a section of the public. In
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1092:
888:, and is thus clearly designed with a political agenda. It has been argued that such buildings create feelings of subjugation and adds to the
44:
2250:
1642:
1487:
1446:
2029:; "There are currently 2,335,338 records available, which represent more than 4,000,000 objects. 1,018,471 records have one or more images".
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1731:
1303:
306:
Privately funded museums open to the public began to be established from the 17th century onwards, often based around a collection of the
2163:
3007:
2323:
1277:
1190:
1139:
United States: ART MUSEUMS, ART CENTERS, and NON-PROFIT ART ORGANIZATIONS web page, sorted by state, on the website Art
Collecting.com.
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has "406,000 hi-res images of public-domain works from the collection that can be downloaded, shared, and remixed without restriction".
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3017:
2907:
1811:
1270:
1195:
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83:. It might be in public or private ownership, be accessible to all, or have restrictions in place. Although primarily concerned with
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1936:
1910:
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readings. Art museums also frequently host themed temporary exhibitions, which often include items on loan from other collections.
241:
of the social elite were often made partially accessible to sections of the public, where art collections could be viewed. At the
177:
The phrase "art gallery" is also sometimes used to describe businesses which display art for sale, but these are not art museums.
3071:
3042:
2985:
1833:
1401:
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948:(Museum of Modern Art), with holdings that include more than 150,000 individual pieces in addition to approximately 22,000 films.
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34:
1990:
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could be toured by the respectable for a tip to the housekeeper, during the long periods when the family were not in residence.
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is one example of a site that is experimenting with this collaborative philosophy. The participating institutions include the
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167:
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995:
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In the second half of the 18th century, many private collections of art were opened to the public, and during and after the
226:, often donated their collections to temples. It is unclear how easy it was in practice for the public to view these items.
2995:
2684:
1411:
1180:
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998:, Bengaluru, India, with over 18,000+ artefacts online, including paintings, photographs, textiles, sculptures and prints.
2269:
1540:
87:, art museums are often used as a venue for other cultural exchanges and artistic activities, such as lectures, jewelry,
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Latin America: Museums in Latin America, on the website of the Latin American Network Information Center (LANIC) of the
1082:
1052:
986:
777:
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has over 4,000,000 objects of all types available online, of which 1,018,471 have one or more images (as of June 2019).
272:
became a major industry from the 18th century onwards, and cities made efforts to make their key works accessible. The
3002:
2980:
2801:
2193:
2067:
1396:
1264:
951:
704:
1755:
1209:
Small Museum Association, an all-volunteer organization serving small museums in the mid-Atlantic region and beyond.
942:, with over 215,000 works, 150,000 of which are illustrated, including paintings, prints and photographic portraits.
529:
and finally completed in 1874. It is located at 1661 Pennsylvania Avenue NW. Renwick designed it after the Louvre's
3027:
2912:
2115:
1406:
1324:
United States, Florida: Florida Art Museum Directors Association—an affiliate of the Florida Association of Museums
1216:
1060:
927:
753:
491:
155:
114:
2086:
973:, with over 80,000 works in various databases, with a large number of images, as well as another 140,000 drawings.
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505:
is generally considered to have been the first art museum in the United States. It was originally housed in the
334:
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A limited number of such sites have independent importance in the art world. The large auction houses, such as
785:
748:
Over the middle and late twentieth century, earlier architectural styles employed for art museums (such as the
487:
354:
1579:
288:, whose collections are still owned by the Pope, trace their foundation to 1506, when the recently discovered
2012:
2990:
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2508:
2316:
1335:
1203:
1056:
976:
749:
730:
514:
510:
498:
483:
290:
53:
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1311:
United States, western states: Museums West Consortium, an association of 13 museums of the American West.
3022:
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2789:
2043:
482:
remained in the private hands of the monarch, and the first purpose-built national art galleries were the
395:
was donated to it for public viewing. In 1777, a proposal to the British government was put forward by MP
307:
207:
3049:
2970:
2955:
2716:
2603:
2566:
1376:
1121:
1024:
254:
238:
218:, religious institutions began to function as an early form of art gallery. Wealthy Roman collectors of
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1219:
dedicated to helping museums, libraries, and archives improve the ways of caring for their collections.
547:
1922:
John Cotton Dana, A plan for a new museum, the kind of museum it will profit a city to maintain (1920)
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323:
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80:
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964:
921:
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642:
552:
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215:
1893:
The Whole Picture: The colonial story of the art in our museums & why we need to talk about it
1479:
826:
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2880:
2706:
2556:
2309:
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1982:
1371:
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form of the entire building solely intended to be an art gallery was arguably established by Sir
673:), although many have also been removed to galleries. Various forms of 20th-century art, such as
273:
261:
1727:
2278:
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3032:
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2701:
2515:
2434:
2365:
2256:
2246:
2224:
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1932:
1906:
1638:
1416:
526:
455:
365:
346:
338:
300:
372:, many royal collections were nationalized, even where the monarchy remained in place, as in
268:
in Paris and could be visited for most of the 18th century. In Italy, the art tourism of the
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2736:
2731:
2721:
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1974:
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842:
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intervention. In particular, national art galleries have been thought to incite feelings of
773:
709:
693:
617:) within a museum with a more varied collection are referred to as specific galleries, e.g.
614:
530:
502:
479:
424:
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350:
311:
230:
139:
21:
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369:
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122:
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Throughout history, large and expensive works of art have generally been commissioned by
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serves as a central source of reproductions of artwork, with access limited to museums,
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2746:
2643:
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2360:
1426:
1421:
1366:
915:
416:
408:
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384:
1023:, maintain large online databases of art which they have auctioned or are auctioning.
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in 1661, is considered to be the first museum of art open to the public in the world.
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2535:
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1986:
1962:
1874:
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958:
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regimes have historically exercised more control over administration of art museums.
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163:
118:
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866:
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1079:(listing links to articles on many specific museums, worldwide, sorted by country)
1012:
601:. Also frequently, a series of rooms dedicated to specific historic periods (e.g.
533:
addition. At the time of its construction, it was known as "the American Louvre".
1634:
Public Access to Art in Paris: A Documentary History from the Middle Ages to 1800
1632:
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84:
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has 399,189 objects available online, of which 153,309 have one or more images.
574:
2929:
2824:
2679:
2633:
2588:
2578:
2481:
2476:
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1931:
P., Bourdieu, Distinction (1979), translated into English by R., Nice (1984),
1157:
1041:
1028:
821:. This has occurred in both democratic and non-democratic countries, although
726:
682:
658:
650:
392:
269:
1978:
1670:
1225:
International Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (IIC)
2598:
2488:
2405:
2336:
1949:
Le Palais-Royal des Orléans (1692–1793): Les travaux entrepris par le Régent
889:
862:
126:
2189:
2064:
845:, an American librarian and museum director, as well as the founder of the
1447:"New guidance for reopening of museums, galleries and the heritage sector"
1160:
or museums in general. Many of these organizations are listed as follows:
2829:
2726:
2466:
2451:
2422:
2375:
1752:
1353:
United States, New York, New York City: Museums Council of New York City
1153:
893:
880:
in Paris are situated in buildings of considerable emotional impact. The
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582:
443:
2290:
2107:
837:
in 1933 by the new Nazi authorities for not being politically suitable.
2583:
2493:
2370:
2355:
2083:
1016:
924:, prints (C19 on) and photographs collection (several million entries).
670:
657:. Instead, public access to these materials is provided by a dedicated
634:
578:
556:
431:
377:
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2503:
2498:
2417:
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1114:
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834:
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638:
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451:
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315:
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211:
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76:
26:
1134:
Category:Institutions accredited by the American Alliance of Museums
979:, with over 108,000 works catalogued, though with only 6,000 images.
276:
began in 1471 with a donation of classical sculpture to the city of
1905:
Peter-Klaus Schuster: Die Alte Nationalgalerie. DuMont, Köln 2003,
1215:
The Artists' Materials Center: An applied research organization at
884:
in Paris is for instance located in the former Royal Castle of the
109:
2412:
1356:
United States, Texas, Houston: Houston Museum District Association
713:
703:
662:
573:
546:
373:
358:
333:
250:
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or political leaders and been displayed in temples, churches, and
189:
171:
108:
40:
30:
20:
478:
and other capitals. In Great Britain, however, the corresponding
2039:
281:
277:
2305:
1350:
United States, New York, New York City: Art Museum Partnership
1247:
Japan: Japan Association of Art Museums (English language page)
1200:
International Association of Curators of Contemporary Art (IKT)
129:, was the most-visited art museum in the United States and the
1250:
Japan: Japanese Association of Museums (English language page)
985:
The Mona Lisa Database of French Museums – Joconde *(from the
72:
1963:"Effects of Context and Genuineness in the Experience of Art"
954:, with over 330,000 works, most with images. Good for prints.
1321:
United States, California: California Association of Museums
490:
opened to the public a decade later in 1824. Similarly, the
1308:
United States, western states: Western Museums Association
605:) or other significant themed groupings of works (e.g. the
1778:"Renwick modeled it after the Louvre's Tuileries addition"
1241:
Canada: Canadian Art Museum Directors Organization (CAMDO)
403:, who had amassed one of the greatest such collections in
154:, and some of which are considered museums, including the
1031:, and other professionals or professional organizations.
543:
University art museums and galleries in the United States
1728:"Renwick Gallery of the Smithsonian American Art Museum"
1698:"Renwick Gallery of the Smithsonian American Art Museum"
1341:
United States, Florida, Miami Miami Art Museums Alliance
1961:
Susanne GrĂĽner; Eva Specker & Helmut Leder (2019).
992:
Gallery Photoclass South Korea Art Gallery – since 2002
653:
are typically not permanently displayed for reasons of
318:, opened in 1683 to house and display the artefacts of
1834:"Smithsonian Plans Overhaul of D.C.'s Renwick Gallery"
2267:
2108:"People & Portraits – National Portrait Gallery"
1297:
Regional, provincial, and state museum organizations
597:
term, the display rooms in museums are often called
2948:
2817:
2755:
2619:
2544:
2343:
1939:. Especially chapter one "Aristochracy of Culture".
1212:
North American Reciprocal Museum Association (NARM)
438:, Munich) was opened to the public in 1779 and the
1329:District, local and community museum organizations
1273:, and specifically their Museum Education Division
1008:efforts to sell the work of contemporary artists.
1302:Canada, Ontario: Ontario Museum Association and
872:Furthermore, certain art galleries, such as the
407:, and house it in a specially built wing of the
349:, through its lineage which extends back to the
2809:Timeline of 20th century printmaking in America
2234:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). pp. 60–64.
105:Art gallery § Art museums versus galleries
1951:at the Wayback Machine (archived 7 July 2007).
2317:
829:was for example dismissed as director of the
8:
1237:Australian Museums and Galleries Association
2013:"British Museum collection database online"
1474:
1472:
669:often remain where they have been created (
131:eighth-most visited art museum in the world
16:Building or space for the exhibition of art
2324:
2310:
2302:
2190:"National Gallery of Art – The Collection"
1292:Other organizations (for multiple museums)
721:art, and designed with that in mind. The
570:Galleries as a specific section in museums
399:to buy the art collection of the late Sir
353:, which included a collection of works by
71:is a building or space for the display of
2040:"Prints & Photographs Online Catalog"
1572:"Sir Robert Walpole's pictures in Russia"
1541:"Geschichte - Vom Geld und von der Kunst"
768:of Amsterdam's Rijksmuseum) succumbed to
202:was periodically open for public viewing.
1316:Western Association for Art Conservation
1098:List of largest art museums in the world
681:, also usually exist outside a gallery.
121:, named for its central location on the
2274:
1438:
1164:International and topical organizations
2118:from the original on 21 September 2013
1840:from the original on 10 September 2013
1836:. Associated Press. 19 February 2013.
1637:. Penn State Press. pp. 281–283.
1093:List of most visited museums by region
2046:from the original on 5 September 2011
1776:Boyle, Katherine (18 February 2013).
996:Museum of Art & Photography (MAP)
776:. Examples of this trend include the
341:, the world's first public art museum
264:, which were housed in a wing of the
7:
1993:from the original on 24 January 2020
1612:from the original on 6 November 2014
1304:Ontario Association of Art Galleries
1280:of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC)
1244:Canada: Canadian Museums Association
563:University art museums and galleries
555:'s art museum, the oldest museum in
310:type. The first such museum was the
222:and other precious objects, such as
1520:from the original on 30 August 2021
1457:from the original on 11 August 2021
1278:American Institute for Conservation
1191:Association of Art Museum Directors
509:, built in 1859. Now a part of the
3129:Types of art museums and galleries
2908:Index of painting-related articles
1651:from the original on 5 August 2019
1271:National Art Education Association
1196:Independent Curators International
1186:Association of Art Museum Curators
1065:San Francisco Museum of Modern Art
802:San Francisco Museum of Modern Art
525:art. The building was designed by
14:
2196:from the original on 24 June 2012
1788:from the original on 24 July 2020
1602:"Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence"
1344:United States, New Mexico, Taos:
967:, with over 233,000 works online.
629:Visual art not shown in a gallery
462:The building now occupied by the
233:onwards, areas in royal palaces,
2289:
2277:
2239:Saumarez Smith, Charles (2021).
2164:"Databases | Louvre Museum"
2144:from the original on 5 June 2019
2019:from the original on 10 May 2013
1734:from the original on 27 May 2013
1677:from the original on 13 May 2020
1570:Moore, Andrew (2 October 1996).
1490:from the original on 14 May 2019
1402:List of most visited art museums
1176:International Council of Museums
1104:International and national lists
1088:List of most visited art museums
905:Museums with major web presences
766:Renaissance Revival architecture
537:University museums and galleries
2245:. London: Thames & Hudson.
2220:Lindsay, David Alexander Edward
2097:. Retrieved on 11 January 2014.
1764:Smithsonian American Art Museum
1551:from the original on 3 May 2021
1314:United States, western states:
1259:American Association of Museums
1136:, alphabetical list with links.
2242:The art museum in modern times
1334:United States, Washington DC:
168:National Museum of Western Art
1:
1967:Empirical Studies of the Arts
1766:. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
1412:List of single-artist museums
1181:Association of Art Historians
1128:University of Texas at Austin
450:Gallery). The opening of the
434:royal collection (now in the
357:and purchased by the city of
2847:Museum collection management
2770:Art history (academic study)
2649:alternative exhibition space
1255:American Alliance of Museums
1083:List of most visited museums
389:Old Royal Library collection
3008:Colossal sculptures in situ
2712:Artist-in-residence program
2166:. Louvre.fr. Archived from
1673:. Smithsonian Institution.
1397:List of largest art museums
1265:American Federation of Arts
661:located within the museum.
3152:
3018:Contemporary art galleries
2913:Outline of the visual arts
1871:Dictionary of Architecture
1631:Berger, Robert W. (1999).
1539:Dieffenbacher, Christoph.
1407:List of national galleries
1217:Carnegie Mellon University
1061:Metropolitan Museum of Art
987:French Ministry of Culture
952:Boston Museum of Fine Arts
928:Metropolitan Museum of Art
833:(Old National Gallery) in
800:, and the redesign of the
754:Metropolitan Museum of Art
540:
492:National Gallery in Prague
486:, founded in 1814 and the
194:The art collection at the
156:Metropolitan Museum of Art
115:Metropolitan Museum of Art
102:
3124:Art museums and galleries
3088:
1895:. Cassell. pp. 9–18.
961:, with over 85,000 works.
940:National Portrait Gallery
708:The Leaning House at the
3072:Most expensive paintings
2859:Conservation-restoration
2661:Contemporary art gallery
1979:10.1177/0276237418822896
1810:. Fodors. Archived from
1808:"Renwick Gallery Review"
1758:7 September 2013 at the
1484:dictionary.cambridge.org
1392:Contemporary art gallery
786:Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
729:with his design for the
633:Works on paper, such as
488:National Gallery, London
387:was established and the
355:Hans Holbein the Younger
3080:works by living artists
2842:Classificatory disputes
2231:Encyclopædia Britannica
2042:. Library of Congress.
1891:Procter, Alice (2020).
1510:"Definition of GALLERY"
1336:Smithsonian Institution
1204:College Art Association
1057:Cleveland Museum of Art
977:National Gallery of Art
731:Dulwich Picture Gallery
515:William Wilson Corcoran
511:Smithsonian Institution
499:Corcoran Gallery of Art
484:Dulwich Picture Gallery
54:National Gallery of Art
35:most-visited art museum
2225:"Museums of Art"
2138:"website, 6 June 2019"
2074:, accessed 7 June 2019
1230:National organizations
1003:Online art collections
717:
586:
559:
421:State Hermitage Museum
342:
308:cabinet of curiosities
255:English country houses
208:religious institutions
203:
134:
60:
38:
2717:Artist-run initiative
2604:Visual arts education
2084:Search the collection
2015:. Britishmuseum.org.
1877:, 4th ed. 1991, s.v.
1377:Artist-run initiative
1122:Museums of modern art
1025:Bridgeman Art Library
707:
577:
550:
513:, the Renwick housed
337:
193:
112:
91:, music concerts, or
51:
37:in the world in 2022.
24:
3013:Contemporary artists
2876:Destination painting
2673:Single-artist museum
2562:Conservator-restorer
2070:10 June 2019 at the
1753:Hours and Directions
1283:United Kingdom: The
1120:World (modern art):
957:Fine Art Museums of
831:Alte Nationalgalerie
794:Centre Pompidou-Metz
780:in New York City by
593:being originally an
446:around 1789 (as the
291:Laocoön and His Sons
243:Palace of Versailles
231:Late Medieval period
229:In Europe, from the
196:Palace of Versailles
160:Museum of Modern Art
148:Neue Nationalgalerie
3003:Art reference books
2797:History of painting
2381:Fine-art photograph
2089:11 May 2021 at the
1814:on 10 November 2013
1782:The Washington Post
1708:on 12 February 2011
1702:The Washington Post
1582:on 10 December 2008
1285:Museums Association
1111:World Heritage Site
965:Harvard Art Museums
922:Library of Congress
687:reserve collections
581:, an art museum in
553:University of Tartu
413:Catherine the Great
322:that were given to
186:Private collections
75:, usually from the
3098:Visual arts portal
3028:National galleries
2881:Eclecticism in art
2836:Catalogue raisonné
2707:Artist cooperative
1696:Yardley, William.
1606:Web Gallery of Art
1545:St.Galler Tagblatt
1372:Artist cooperative
876:in London and the
782:Frank Lloyd Wright
718:
689:, on or off-site.
587:
560:
419:and housed in the
343:
274:Capitoline Museums
262:Orleans Collection
204:
135:
61:
39:
3111:
3110:
2702:Artist collective
2516:Site-specific art
2366:Cultural artifact
2252:978-0-500-02243-6
2170:on 7 October 2011
1671:"Renwick Gallery"
1644:978-0-271-04434-7
1576:Magazine Antiques
1417:Pop-up exhibition
1053:Guggenheim Museum
778:Guggenheim Museum
609:or collection of
527:James Renwick Jr.
517:'s collection of
456:French Revolution
366:French Revolution
347:Kunstmuseum Basel
339:Kunstmuseum Basel
324:Oxford University
301:Kingdom of Saxony
49:
3141:
3134:Types of museums
3067:Stolen paintings
2935:Sociology of art
2886:Economics of art
2737:Sculpture garden
2722:Artist-run space
2521:Social sculpture
2391:Installation art
2326:
2319:
2312:
2303:
2294:
2293:
2282:
2281:
2273:
2264:
2235:
2227:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2104:
2098:
2081:
2075:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1914:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1888:
1882:
1867:Nikolaus Pevsner
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1773:
1767:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1704:. Archived from
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1578:. Archived from
1567:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1476:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1443:
1382:Artist-run space
984:
874:National Gallery
858:cultural capital
843:John Cotton Dana
812:Cultural aspects
774:Deconstructivism
710:Tartu Art Museum
694:sculpture garden
619:Egyptian Gallery
615:Ashmolean Museum
599:public galleries
503:Washington, D.C.
480:Royal Collection
425:Saint Petersburg
351:Amerbach Cabinet
312:Ashmolean Museum
140:National Gallery
89:performance arts
50:
3151:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3093:Painting portal
3084:
2991:sculpture parks
2944:
2903:Elements of art
2871:Cultural policy
2813:
2765:Timeline of art
2751:
2742:Sculpture trail
2621:
2615:
2540:
2457:Performance art
2339:
2330:
2300:
2288:
2276:
2268:
2253:
2238:
2218:
2215:
2213:Further reading
2210:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2147:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2121:
2119:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2091:Wayback Machine
2082:
2078:
2072:Wayback Machine
2063:
2059:
2049:
2047:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2022:
2020:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1994:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1947:
1943:
1930:
1926:
1921:
1917:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1817:
1815:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1791:
1789:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1760:Wayback Machine
1751:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1711:
1709:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1652:
1645:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1615:
1613:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1585:
1583:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1554:
1552:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1514:Merriam-Webster
1508:
1507:
1503:
1493:
1491:
1478:
1477:
1470:
1460:
1458:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1363:
1346:Taos art colony
1331:
1299:
1294:
1276:United States:
1269:United States:
1263:United States:
1257:, formerly the
1253:United States:
1232:
1166:
1150:
1132:United States:
1106:
1077:List of museums
1073:
1037:
1005:
982:
907:
902:
854:Pierre Bourdieu
814:
702:
679:performance art
631:
572:
545:
539:
507:Renwick Gallery
452:Musée du Louvre
436:Alte Pinakothek
370:Napoleonic Wars
332:
286:Vatican Museums
216:classical times
188:
183:
123:Upper East Side
107:
101:
58:Washington D.C.
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3116:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3069:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3043:by nationality
3040:
3030:
3025:
3023:Modern artists
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2973:
2968:
2966:Art techniques
2963:
2958:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2856:
2855:
2854:
2852:deaccessioning
2844:
2839:
2832:
2827:
2821:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2794:
2793:
2792:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2757:History of art
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2747:Virtual museum
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2644:Art exhibition
2641:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2559:
2554:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2526:Soft sculpture
2523:
2518:
2513:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2361:Conceptual art
2358:
2353:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2340:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2321:
2314:
2306:
2299:
2298:
2286:
2266:
2265:
2251:
2236:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2181:
2155:
2129:
2112:www.npg.org.uk
2099:
2076:
2057:
2031:
2004:
1973:(2): 138–152.
1953:
1941:
1924:
1915:
1898:
1883:
1851:
1825:
1799:
1768:
1745:
1719:
1688:
1662:
1643:
1623:
1593:
1562:
1531:
1501:
1468:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1427:Virtual museum
1424:
1422:Vanity gallery
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1367:Art exhibition
1362:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1274:
1267:
1261:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1165:
1162:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1072:
1069:
1036:
1033:
1004:
1001:
1000:
999:
993:
990:
980:
974:
968:
962:
955:
949:
943:
937:
931:
925:
919:
916:British Museum
906:
903:
901:
900:Online museums
898:
886:ancient regime
813:
810:
701:
698:
630:
627:
571:
568:
541:Main article:
538:
535:
442:collection in
409:British Museum
401:Robert Walpole
385:British Museum
331:
330:Public museums
328:
326:in a bequest.
303:in the 1720s.
239:country houses
187:
184:
182:
179:
100:
97:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3147:
3146:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3087:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3050:Photographers
3048:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2996:single artist
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2971:Art movements
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2956:Art magazines
2954:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2897:
2896:art valuation
2894:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2810:
2807:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2780:Art movements
2778:
2776:
2775:Art manifesto
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2697:Arts festival
2695:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2618:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2536:Artwork title
2534:
2532:
2531:Stained glass
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2430:New media art
2428:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2351:Appropriation
2349:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2327:
2322:
2320:
2315:
2313:
2308:
2307:
2304:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2271:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2195:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2143:
2139:
2133:
2130:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2066:
2061:
2058:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2005:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1937:0-7100-9609-7
1934:
1928:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1911:3-8321-7370-6
1908:
1902:
1899:
1894:
1887:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1875:Penguin Books
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1852:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1826:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1749:
1746:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1720:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1692:
1689:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1663:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1627:
1624:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1594:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1566:
1563:
1550:
1547:(in German).
1546:
1542:
1535:
1532:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1502:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1480:"art gallery"
1475:
1473:
1469:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1442:
1439:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
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1730:. Frommers.
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1706:the original
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1580:the original
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2656:Art gallery
2639:Art commune
2629:Art auction
2472:Printmaking
2401:Mixed media
2396:Kinetic art
2333:Visual arts
2296:Visual arts
2192:. Nga.gov.
2095:Rijksmuseum
1863:Hugh Honour
1616:17 December
1387:Arts centre
1235:Australia:
1029:art dealers
983:(in French)
934:Rijksmuseum
819:nationalism
806:Mario Botta
798:Shigeru Ban
790:Frank Gehry
651:photographs
643:watercolors
607:gypsotheque
454:during the
397:John Wilkes
393:manuscripts
297:Green Vault
99:Terminology
69:art gallery
3118:Categories
3076:sculptures
2930:Provenance
2825:Art market
2732:Commission
2680:Art school
2668:Art museum
2634:Art colony
2622:and events
2482:street art
2477:Public art
2261:1233310517
1997:11 October
1586:14 October
1433:References
1158:humanities
1063:, and the
1042:folksonomy
1035:Folksonomy
1021:Christie's
772:, such as
750:Beaux-Arts
727:John Soane
659:print room
613:as in the
270:Grand Tour
103:See also:
85:visual art
81:collection
65:art museum
3055:Sculptors
2961:Art media
2923:sculpture
2864:paintings
2785:Criticism
2567:paintings
2557:Collector
2489:Sculpture
2406:bricolage
2337:art world
1987:150115587
1524:30 August
1494:30 August
1461:30 August
1113:(s) (per
1013:Sotheby's
894:fine arts
735:skylights
716:, Estonia
589:The word
585:, Finland
531:Tuileries
127:Manhattan
3033:Painters
2918:painting
2830:The arts
2790:feminist
2727:Biennale
2467:Portrait
2452:Painting
2423:graffiti
2376:Fine art
2335:and the
2222:(1911).
2194:Archived
2142:Archived
2116:Archived
2087:Archived
2068:Archived
2065:MMA site
2044:Archived
2017:Archived
1991:Archived
1838:Archived
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1756:Archived
1732:Archived
1675:Archived
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1455:Archived
1361:See also
1154:the arts
675:land art
635:drawings
583:Helsinki
523:European
519:American
444:Florence
432:Bavarian
166:and the
158:and the
133:in 2022.
3038:by name
2981:largest
2818:Related
2802:outline
2584:Curator
2572:frescos
2509:tallest
2494:carving
2445:virtual
2440:digital
2435:history
2371:Drawing
2356:Collage
2344:Artwork
2270:Portals
2200:16 June
2174:16 June
2050:16 June
1879:Gallery
1844:18 July
1818:18 July
1792:18 July
1738:18 July
1712:18 July
1143:USA.gov
1109:World:
1017:Bonhams
760:or the
671:in situ
667:mosaics
639:pastels
591:gallery
579:Ateneum
557:Estonia
378:Bavaria
299:of the
280:by the
235:castles
212:palaces
181:History
79:'s own
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2685:Europe
2620:Places
2609:Europe
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2589:Dealer
2579:Critic
2552:Artist
2504:statue
2499:relief
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2148:7 June
2023:7 June
1985:
1935:
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1655:28 May
1641:
1451:GOV.UK
1318:(WAAC)
1170:UNESCO
1115:UNESCO
1059:, the
1055:, the
1019:, and
971:Louvre
882:Louvre
878:Louvre
835:Berlin
784:, the
762:Gothic
663:Murals
649:, and
647:prints
476:Munich
472:Vienna
468:Madrid
448:Uffizi
440:Medici
417:Russia
405:Europe
316:Oxford
282:Papacy
249:and a
200:France
152:Berlin
144:London
93:poetry
77:museum
33:, the
27:Louvre
2949:Lists
2940:Style
2594:Model
2545:Roles
2413:Mural
1983:S2CID
1555:3 May
1206:(CAA)
714:Tartu
464:Prado
374:Spain
359:Basel
251:sword
172:Tokyo
31:Paris
2284:Arts
2257:OCLC
2247:ISBN
2202:2012
2176:2012
2150:2019
2124:2013
2052:2012
2025:2019
1999:2020
1933:ISBN
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1657:2018
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1588:2007
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