1071:. La Cegua is a witch who resides in the woods. She takes on several facades. At times she appears in a white corn leaf dress with a veil covering her face. It is said that she has long black hair covering over her face. She is also said to wear a Guarumo Tree leaf dress and her voice is made rasping and hollow by plantain leaves covering her teeth. Others say that her face is ghostly and that her eyes stare into her victim's souls. Still another version says that she is believed to have the face of a horse. Nicaraguans also say that she walks through the woods and back roads naked, waiting for her next victim. Men are drawn to her fantastical silhouette. The words she speaks to these men are so horrific that the victim goes insane instantaneously – something from which they never recover. La Cegua is believed to have super-human abilities and is able to walk through solid objects, gravitate above ground and fly at extreme speeds in her efforts to lure men into her trap. To save yourself from such an encounter you should carry mustard seeds and throw them before her. She apparently will stop to try and pick up the magical seeds. As with other myths in Nicaraguan folklore, the tale of La Cegua is believed to ensure that men come straight home after work.
1040:-- The Nicaraguan folkloric legend of La Mocuana is believed to be based on genuine history and it is thought that La Mocuana was a living Indian princess. Her father was hospitable to the Spanish conquerors at first but then ordered them to leave. Soon the Spanish forces returned to take over the village and take their gold. The chief of the village had hidden the treasure and his daughter, La Mocuana, was the only other individual who knew its whereabouts. During a battle between the two groups the tribe gained victory. Some time later the son of one of the Spanish soldiers came to live near the village and soon fell in love with La Mocuana. She too fell in love with him and they planned to run away together. She gave him her father’s treasure so that they could have something for their lives together. The Spaniard preferred to keep the gold for himself and sealed La Mocuana in a cave, running away with the treasure. La Mocuana escaped through the back of the cave. The heartbroken princess began to wander the woods and was driven mad by the thoughts of betrayal and feelings of guilt. Country people say that her sad figure can be seen on dark nights. She is also said to lure drunkards and philanderers to her cave where they disappear.
1048:– There is a good white cadejo and an evil black cadejo. Both are spirits that appear at night to travellers. The white cadejo to protect them from harm during their journey, and the black cadejo (sometimes an incarnation of the devil) to kill them. The cadejos usually appear in the form of a large, cow-sized shaggy dog with burning red eyes and a goat's hooves, although in some areas they have more bull-like characteristics. According to the stories, those who have attempted to kill the black cadejo have failed and perished.
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Nicaragua, who would be kidnapped by the
Spaniards, chained onto ox-driven carts and taken to work the mines. There they would die and not be seen again until their corpses were driven on those same carts to be disposed of. Such carts became a symbol of death and when heard approaching, the indigenous people would flee into the woods.
214:, the Nahua and Oto-mangue peoples who populated the western half of the country have been assimilated into the mainstream culture for the most part, blending into the mestizo population. In the east, however, several Chibcha groups have maintained a distinct identity as well as the preservation of their languages, such as the
699:. In many communities, a rich lore has grown up around the celebrations of patron saints, such as Managua's Saint Dominic (Santo Domingo), honored in August with two colorful, often riotous, day-long processions through the city. The high point of Nicaragua's religious calendar for the masses is neither
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is a satirical drama and was the first literary work of the pre-Columbian
Nicaragua. It is regarded as one of Latin America's most distinctive colonial-era expressions and as Nicaragua's signature folkloric masterpiece combining music, dance and theater. El GĂĽegĂĽense is performed during the feast of
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that formed the cosmogonic view of the world that indigenous people had. Some of these stories are still known in
Nicaragua. Like many Latin American countries, the Spanish conquerors have had the most effect on both the culture and the literature. Nicaraguan literature has historically been an
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Education is free for all
Nicaraguans. Elementary education is free and compulsory, however, many children in rural areas are unable to attend due to lack of schools and other reasons. Communities located on the Caribbean coast have access to education in their native languages. The majority of
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came to power in 1979, they inherited an educational system that was one of the poorest in Latin
America. Under the Somozas, limited spending on education and generalized poverty, which forced many adolescents into the labor market, constricted educational opportunities for Nicaraguans. A 1980
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and pulled by two skeletal oxen. It could supposedly be heard at night because of the sound of chains it made being dragged along the streets. If the "Carreta Nagua" stops at one's home, surely a resident is to die. The old tale is believed to have been established by the indigenous people of
1085:("The bride from Tola") – Apocryphal legend of a maiden who went insane after her fiancé stood her up at the altar. In current usage, to say that someone was "left like the bride from Tola" is a uniquely Nicaraguan idiom meaning that someone was stood up or left "holding the bag". The city of
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as their first language, but they speak a very fluent
Spanish as a second language. The languages in the North and South Atlantic Regions are influenced by English, Dutch, Portuguese, Spanish and French. Many of the indigenous people on the Caribbean coast speak native languages such as the
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came to
Nicaragua during the nineteenth century, but only during the twentieth century have Protestant denominations gained large followings in the Caribbean Coast of the country. Popular religion revolves around the saints, who are perceived as intermediaries between human beings and God.
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form of
Spanish is dominant in both speech and publications. The first nation to formally adopt the voseo dialect, Nicaragua is one of two Central American nations (Costa Rica is the other) that use voseo Spanish as its written and spoken form of the language. The usage is also seen in
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Recent immigration by
Spanish speakers has largely influenced younger generations, and an increasing number of people are either bilingual at home or speak Spanish only. In eastern Nicaragua there is a relatively large population of people of mixed African descent, as well as a smaller
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The theatrical play was written by an anonymous author in the 16th century, making it one of the oldest theatrical/dance works of the
Western Hemisphere. It was passed down orally for many centuries until it was finally written down and published into a book in 1942.
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are expected to lend their authority to important state occasions, and their pronouncements on national issues are closely followed. They can also be called upon to mediate between contending parties at moments of political crisis.
1021:" in 2005 making Nicaragua the only country in Central America and one of six in Latin America to have 2 proclaimed masterpieces by UNESCO. The first proclaimed masterpiece was the "Oral traditions and expressions" of the
760:). This music is played at social functions as a sort of background music. The marimba is made with hardwood plates, placed over bamboo or metal tubes of varying lengths. It is played with two or four
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Spanish is taught as the principal language. English is taught to students during their high school years and tends to be the national second language. Other languages, particularly
497:. In addition, many ethnic groups in Nicaragua have maintained their ancestral languages, while also speaking Spanish or English; these include Chinese, Arabic, Italian, and German.
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195:', or Maypole, which is celebrated during the Maypole Festival, during the month of May. The music is sensual with intense rhythms. The celebration is derived from the British
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901:" award for their successful literacy campaign. This was followed by the literacy campaigns of 1982, 1986, 1987, 1995 and 2000, all of which were also awarded by UNESCO.
403:, have maintained their ancestral languages, which are minority languages, while also speaking Spanish and/or English. These minority languages include Chinese, Arabic,
1079:– Sometimes called the Woman in White or the Weeping Woman is the ghost of a woman crying for her dead children. Her appearances are sometimes held to presage death.
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Roman Catholicism came to Nicaragua in the sixteenth century with the Spanish conquest and remained until 1939 the established faith. Protestantism and other
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649:. Religious freedom, which has been guaranteed since 1939, and religious tolerance is promoted by both the Nicaraguan government and the constitution.
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groups and membership in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints are growing rapidly have been growing since the 1990s. There are also strong
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is sometimes referred to, is spoken by 90% of the country's population. In the Caribbean coast many afro-Nicaraguans and creoles speak English and
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853:. 18% of Nicaragua's total budget is invested in primary, secondary and higher education. University level institutions account for 6% of 18%.
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78:. Nahua heritage can still be seen in Nicaraguan culture especially in its cuisines, the etymologies of many of its place names, and even
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Marimba of Nicaragua is uniquely played by a sitting performer holding the instrument on his knees. He is usually accompanied by a bass
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literacy campaign, using secondary school students, university students as well as teachers as volunteer teachers, reduced the overall
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Nicaragua's higher education consists of 48 universities and 113 colleges and technical institutes which serve student in the areas of
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814:, higher education has financial, organic and administrative autonomy, according to the law. Also, freedom of subjects is recognized.
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Due to the African influence in the East Coast, there exists a different kind of music. It is the popular dance music called '
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who is regarded as the most important literary figure in Nicaragua, referred to as the "Father of Modernism" for leading the
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as their first language. Also in the Caribbean coast, many Indigenous people speak their native languages, such as the
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also have their original languages preserved, in addition to having the ability to usually speak Spanish and English.
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rate from 50.3% to 12.9% within only five months. The key large scale programs of the Sandinistas included a massive
1196:"Reconstructing the population history of Nicaragua by means of mtDNA, Y-chromosome STRs, and autosomal STR markers"
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1110:– The legend of a woman whose fiancé stood her up at the altar. People say that her ghost walks around the city of
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Nicaraguans legends are similar to those found in other Latin American countries. Some popular legends include:
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important source of poetry in the Spanish-speaking world, with internationally renowned contributors such as
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and indigenous languages. Its culture is similar to that of former and present British colonies in the
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1593:"Showcasing Nicaragua's Folkloric Masterpiece – El Gueguense – and Other Performing and Visual Arts"
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869:(March–August, 1980), social program, which received international recognition for their gains in
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searching for her fiancé or other young lonely men. She is called la taconuda for wearing giant
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music of Indigenous and especially Spanish influences. Musical instruments include the
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1617:"Nicaragua facts, information, pictures – Encyclopedia.com articles about Nicaragua"
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celebration, as adapted and transformed by the Afro-Nicaraguans on the Caribbean or
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American countries. The eastern half of the country, on the other hand, was once a
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Religion is a significant part of the culture of Nicaragua and forms part of the
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661:. Practicing Roman Catholics are no longer the majority and are declining while
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In the Caribbean coast, many Afro-Nicaraguans and creoles speak English and
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519:/j/ (/x/) is aspirated; it is soft like the /h/ in English (e.g.: Yahoo).
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community exists in Nicaragua and is known for its popular music called
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The Caribbean coast of Nicaragua is known for a lively, sensual form of
1949:
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516:/s/ at the end of a syllable or before a consonant is pronounced like .
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1722:"List of masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity"
1697:"List of masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity"
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is spoken by about 90% of the country's population. In Nicaragua, the
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1099:– An old Nicaraguan folk tale about a haunted cart that is driven by
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Carlos MejĂa Godoy, a prominent Nicaragua musician and composer.
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National Institute of Statistics and Census of Nicaragua (INEC)
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There is no confusion between /l/ and /r/, as in the Caribbean.
58:, and Spanish influence. The western part was colonized by the
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and trade-related services. The educational system includes 1
79:
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Although Nicaragua has no official religion it is nominally
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Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
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sounds and flavors. The west of Nicaragua was colonized by
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El GĂĽegĂĽense represents folklore of Nicaragua, therefore,
1642:"Event Calendar – National Museum of the American Indian"
1245:
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in English (top), Spanish (middle) and Miskito (bottom).
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selected from the Roman Catholic calendar, with annual
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Of the many cultures that were present before European
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that is especially loud and celebrated during the May
512:
Some characteristics of Nicaraguan phonology include:
849:. In 2005, almost 400,000 (7%) of Nicaraguans held a
407:, and Italian, among others. Nicaragua was home to 3
1434:"Central American Countries of the Future 2005/2006"
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1968:
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935:literary movement at the end of the 19th century.
1356:"Nicaragua's new gov't to enforce free education"
90:origin, eastern Nicaragua is mostly of Chibcha,
1927:Federal Republic of Central America (1823–1838)
66:in that western Nicaragua was dominated by the
1771:"Folklore in Nicaragua – By Nicaragua Channel"
845:, 5 Bilingual secondary schools and dozens of
133:Music and religious icons find their roots in
97:The northern region, however, is inhabited by
2404:
1876:
810:higher education institutions are located in
8:
1298:(in Spanish). pp. 42–43. Archived from
82:analysis. While western Nicaragua is mostly
2697:Semi-autonomous territories are in italics.
2420:Culture of Latin America and the Caribbean
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2397:
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2227:
2148:
2055:
1974:
1883:
1869:
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1543:"Nicaragua Pre-election Delegation Report"
745:and others common across Central America.
715:are constructed in homes and workplaces.
638:
1799:(in Spanish). La Prensa. Archived from
1187:
711:, during which elaborate altars to the
247:
1843:Art, Literature & Cultural Events
1795:Sánchez Ricarte, Noelia (2007-03-14).
1405:"Human Capital: Educationand Training"
1323:
1321:
1319:
756:and Guallatiri (a small guitar like a
615:
525:/s/, /z/ and in some cases /c/ (as in
62:and its culture is similar to western
1857:Art, history, politics, & more...
1520:. Stanford University. Archived from
687:Most localities, from the capital of
411:, one of which was never classified.
125:A Nicaragua Independence Day Parade,
7:
1937:United States occupation (1912–1933)
1518:"Historical Background of Nicaragua"
795:are popular throughout the country.
676:communities on the Caribbean coast.
547:Religious affiliation in Nicaragua
145:and has a similar culture to other
1797:"Tola con brĂşjula para el turismo"
1060:is probably a romanization of the
691:to small rural communities, honor
415:is also of particular interest to
160:is spoken domestically along with
25:
1545:. Global Exchange. Archived from
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2512:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1129:
1486:"Nicaragua's Literacy Campaign"
1006:) from January 17 to the 27th.
938:Other literary figures include
841:English-language university, 3
639:Source: 2005 Nicaraguan Census
1960:Post-Sandinista period (1990–)
1:
1955:Sandinista period (1979–1990)
1275:"Colegio Aleman Nicaraguense"
972:Pablo Alberto Cuadra Arguello
843:Bilingual university programs
504:, can be found sporadically.
1436:. 2005-08-01. Archived from
1150:Public holidays in Nicaragua
897:awarded Nicaragua with the "
554:
551:
2274:Water supply and sanitation
847:English Language Institutes
610:
602:
594:
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987:
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802:
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395:in Nicaragua, such as the
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101:people and descendants of
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1977:
1942:Somoza Family (1936–1979)
1056:– Also called Cihuanaba,
867:National Literacy Crusade
2694:
2063:Administrative divisions
1922:Mexican rule (1822–1823)
1827:(in Spanish and English)
1289:"2005 Nicaraguan Census"
1251:"Languages of Nicaragua"
1224:"Languages of Nicaragua"
450:Central American Spanish
429:Central American Spanish
413:Nicaraguan Sign Language
1747:"Folklore in Nicaragua"
1569:"Literacy in Nicaragua"
1354:Liu, Dan (2006-12-06).
956:Alfredo AlegrĂa Rosales
508:Phonetics and phonology
401:Palestinian Nicaraguans
364:Spanish, or Nicañol as
33:Celebrating the annual
1834:Nicaraguan Literature
1460:"Nicaragua: Education"
1172:Latin American culture
805:Education in Nicaragua
728:
633:among other religions.
446:
245:Languages of Nicaragua
240:Languages of Nicaragua
130:
94:, and African origin.
44:
2502:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1466:. Library of Congress
1385:"Nicaragua Education"
1336:. Library of Congress
1330:"Nicaragua: Religion"
1089:in the department of
960:Carlos MartĂnez Rivas
916:Nicaraguan literature
911:Nicaraguan literature
899:Nadezhda K. Krupskaya
893:. In September 1980,
726:
709:Immaculate Conception
540:Religion in Nicaragua
440:
124:
35:"AlegrĂa por la vida"
32:
2716:Culture of Nicaragua
2130:Territorial disputes
1621:www.encyclopedia.com
1145:Museums of Nicaragua
964:Pablo Antonio Cuadra
952:José Coronel Urtecho
631:traditional religion
529:) are pronounced as
117:Culture and language
48:Culture of Nicaragua
2524:Trinidad and Tobago
2436:Antigua and Barbuda
922:with the myths and
920:pre-Columbian times
591:Jehovah's Witnesses
397:Chinese Nicaraguans
70:, specifically the
2475:Dominican Republic
2199:Telecommunications
1824:Nicaraguan Culture
1652:on 6 December 2007
1484:Hanemann, Ulrike.
1160:Nicaraguan cuisine
733:Music of Nicaragua
729:
447:
433:Nicaraguan Spanish
391:In addition, many
366:Nicaraguan Spanish
360:Source: Ethnologue
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74:, a branch of the
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2110:National Assembly
2078:Foreign relations
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1850:Arte NicaragĂĽense
1775:www.nicaragua.com
1567:B. Arrien, Juan.
1458:Gilbert, Dennis.
1328:Dennis, Gilbert.
1017:proclaimed it a "
1004:Carazo Department
998:San Sebastián in
918:can be traced to
851:university degree
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502:Romance languages
495:Garifuna language
409:extinct languages
386:Garifuna language
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16:(Redirected from
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1917:Spanish conquest
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1097:La Carreta Nagua
1083:La Novia de Tola
948:Claribel AlegrĂa
940:Ernesto Cardenal
823:computer systems
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1672:"El GĂĽegĂĽense"
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1803:on 2007-06-30
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2364:Bibliography
2283:
2244:Demographics
2166:Central Bank
2105:Armed Forces
2088:Human rights
2068:Constitution
1845:(in Spanish)
1836:(in Spanish)
1805:. Retrieved
1801:the original
1790:
1778:. Retrieved
1774:
1765:
1754:. Retrieved
1750:
1741:
1729:. Retrieved
1725:
1716:
1704:. Retrieved
1700:
1691:
1679:. Retrieved
1675:
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1650:the original
1645:
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1624:. Retrieved
1620:
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1600:. Retrieved
1596:
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1562:
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1547:the original
1537:
1526:. Retrieved
1522:the original
1512:
1501:. Retrieved
1494:the original
1489:
1479:
1468:. Retrieved
1463:
1453:
1442:. Retrieved
1438:the original
1428:
1417:. Retrieved
1413:the original
1409:ProNicaragua
1408:
1399:
1388:. Retrieved
1379:
1368:. Retrieved
1364:the original
1359:
1349:
1338:. Retrieved
1333:
1307:. Retrieved
1300:the original
1295:
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1258:. Retrieved
1254:
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1227:
1218:
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1165:
1164:
1107:
1096:
1082:
1074:
1068:
1067:which means
1064:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1037:
1032:
1012:
1008:
995:El GĂĽegĂĽense
994:
993:
990:El GĂĽegĂĽense
983:El GĂĽegĂĽense
982:
937:
914:
855:
835:construction
831:agroforestry
816:
808:
773:Palo de Mayo
766:
747:
736:
696:
686:
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647:constitution
644:
526:
511:
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390:
363:
212:colonization
209:
193:Palo de Mayo
190:
188:population.
182:
154:protectorate
137:culture and
132:
105:, mostly of
96:
88:Oto-manguean
86:of Nahua or
76:Pipil people
68:Nahua people
52:Mesoamerican
47:
46:
34:
26:
2561:El Salvador
2507:Saint Lucia
2496:Puerto Rico
2156:Agriculture
2093:LGBT rights
1987:Earthquakes
1947:Sandinistas
1210:"Nicaragua"
1108:La Taconuda
929:RubĂ©n DarĂo
891:land reform
875:health care
858:Sandinistas
819:electronics
769:dance music
713:Virgin Mary
663:evangelical
571:Evangelical
555:Percentage
64:El Salvador
2556:Costa Rica
2312:Mass media
2302:Literature
2239:Corruption
2173:(currency)
2083:Government
1992:Ecoregions
1950:v. Contras
1807:2007-07-13
1756:2021-02-19
1726:unesco.org
1701:unesco.org
1602:2007-08-03
1578:2007-08-01
1553:2007-05-09
1528:2007-05-09
1503:2007-07-02
1470:2007-07-02
1444:2007-08-01
1419:2007-08-01
1390:2007-05-09
1370:2007-05-09
1360:CHINA VIEW
1340:2007-10-30
1309:2007-10-30
1260:2007-05-09
1255:Ethnologue
1233:2007-09-08
1228:Ethnologue
1183:References
1076:La Llorona
1038:La Mocuana
933:modernismo
905:Literature
863:illiteracy
785:soca music
739:Nicaraguan
666:Protestant
443:Bluefields
441:A sign in
324:4,347,000
168:, such as
139:Amerindian
99:Indigenous
84:Indigenous
2679:Venezuela
2617:Argentina
2576:Nicaragua
2566:Guatemala
2428:Caribbean
2259:Languages
2249:Education
2209:Transport
2125:President
2073:Elections
2032:Volcanoes
2012:Mountains
1970:Geography
1892:Nicaragua
1841:Marcaacme
1046:El Cadejo
883:childcare
879:education
856:When the
799:Education
789:reggaeton
701:Christmas
617:Includes
552:Religion
459:Argentina
417:linguists
254:Speakers
251:Language
166:Caribbean
127:Matagalpa
113:descent.
103:Europeans
2710:Category
2669:Suriname
2659:Paraguay
2637:Colombia
2571:Honduras
2470:Dominica
2453:Barbados
2373:Category
2269:Religion
2171:CĂłrdoba
2120:Politics
2051:Politics
1896:articles
1780:21 April
1731:21 April
1706:21 April
1681:21 April
1656:21 April
1626:21 April
1574:. UNESCO
1166:General:
1123:See also
1053:La Cegua
1023:Garifuna
1000:Diriamba
871:literacy
827:sciences
783:. Also,
777:Garifuna
758:mandolin
674:Moravian
670:Anglican
619:Buddhism
581:Moravian
534:Religion
471:Colombia
467:Paraguay
304:154,400
290:GarĂfuna
234:Language
228:Garifuna
218:and the
186:Garifuna
180:, etc.
38:Carnaval
2674:Uruguay
2642:Ecuador
2622:Bolivia
2490:Jamaica
2480:Grenada
2464:Curaçao
2448:Bahamas
2350:Outline
2317:Museums
2292:Cuisine
2284:Culture
2223:Society
2204:Tourism
2161:Banking
2144:Economy
2002:Islands
1912:Nicarao
1904:History
1065:"Cihua"
1062:nahuatl
1029:Legends
812:Managua
762:hammers
743:marimba
737:Modern
697:fiestas
689:Managua
651:Bishops
627:Judaism
483:Miskito
463:Uruguay
423:Spanish
374:Miskito
354:30,000
320:Spanish
300:Miskito
284:20,334
280:English
270:Chinese
224:Miskito
201:May Day
197:Maypole
170:Jamaica
162:Spanish
158:English
151:British
135:Iberian
129:, 2007.
111:Spanish
92:Miskito
72:Nicarao
60:Spanish
56:Chibcha
2654:Guyana
2627:Brazil
2599:Mexico
2581:Panama
2551:Belize
2378:Portal
2264:Health
2184:Energy
2027:Rivers
1894:
1646:si.edu
1490:UNESCO
1015:UNESCO
895:UNESCO
889:, and
887:unions
793:reggae
754:guitar
750:fiddle
705:Easter
608:Other
603:15.7%
575:21.6%
565:58.5%
527:cerrar
405:German
334:6,700
314:3,000
294:1,500
274:7,000
260:Arabic
222:. The
176:, the
174:Belize
156:, and
107:German
2632:Chile
2485:Haiti
2442:Aruba
2357:Index
2307:Music
2007:Lakes
1997:Fauna
1572:(PDF)
1497:(DOC)
1303:(PDF)
1292:(PDF)
1116:heels
1101:Death
1091:Rivas
1069:woman
1058:Cegua
781:Punta
719:Music
623:Islam
611:1.6%
600:None
595:0.9%
585:1.6%
454:voseo
143:Spain
2664:Peru
2458:Cuba
2297:Film
1782:2018
1733:2018
1708:2018
1683:2018
1658:2018
1628:2018
1087:Tola
950:and
825:and
791:and
703:nor
672:and
629:and
493:and
491:Rama
487:Sumo
431:and
399:and
384:and
382:Rama
378:Sumo
340:Rama
330:Sumo
264:400
226:and
220:Sumo
216:Rama
199:for
109:and
42:Maua
344:24
80:DNA
40:in
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1294:.
1253:.
1242:^
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1025:.
974:,
970:,
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962:,
958:,
954:,
946:,
942:,
885:,
881:,
877:,
873:,
833:,
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752:,
625:,
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