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Arthur Waldron

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Asian and Chinese history and culture, often dealing with the complex webs of causes that produce nationalism and related phenomena. His most recent publications have dealt with issues of Chinese patriotism, national identity, and military tactics in the Second World War. Waldron's research interests include twentieth century Chinese history, China's policies toward and conflicts with her neighbors, and Asian international relations. He is currently working on a study of the attempts to create a constitutional order in the aftermath of the Qing Dynasty.
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Building on his War College experience, Waldron has continued at the University of Pennsylvania to research and teach comparative warfare and strategic analysis, ranging the world and recorded history, while also, in keeping with Sinological training, offering seemingly more conventional courses on
403:, with Chinese characteristics." Waldron has claimed that in China "he pollution might kill your infants; the hospitals are terrible, the food is adulterated, the system corrupt and unpredictable" and that the "disintegration of the People’s Republic of China is now under way.” During the 414:
As a deterrent against China, in 2021 he proposed the nuclear armament of China's neighbors: "I believe just as Britain and France have a nuclear deterrent independent of the U.S., so should Japan, Australia and perhaps Taiwan and South Korea, which also face direct nuclear threats."
323:"—which turned out to be a constantly evolving compound of fact and myth, as well in recent times as a potent patriotic symbol. According to Waldron's book, actual wall building was best understood as an aspect of larger frontier strategy, never a single grand project in itself. 357:(his was the first book in any language, Chinese included, to analyze the conflict) so utterly disrupted the existing political and power structures of China as to create a vacuum, along with the conditions for the emergence, in the following year, of the radical nationalist 334:, who served as U.S. minister to China in the 1920s until his 1929 resignation. In 1992, Waldron published MacMurray's memorandum of 1935, which foresaw the coming of conflict between the United States and Japan and was greatly esteemed by such later diplomats as 274:
Waldron has lived and studied in China, Japan, Taiwan, France, England, and the former Soviet Union, where he earned a certificate in Russian language proficiency. He occasionally consults for the U.S. government, and was a founding member of the Congressional
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in England. He attended Harvard College from which he graduated summa cum laude in 1971, receiving the Sophia Freund Prize, given to the student ranked academically highest in his class. In 1981 he received a Ph.D. in history, also from Harvard.
31: 361:. That war brought the demise of much that had been standard in Chinese politics and international relations, often since the nineteenth century, while opening the way for the mass, strongly leftist, and nationalist politics (the phrase " 1114:(1996). "Book Reviews : Arthur WALDRON, From War to Nationalism: China's Turning Point, 1924–1925. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1995. 366 pp., with glossary, bibliography, maps, and index. ISBN: 0-521-47238-5 (hc)". 739: 385:." He recommends that "ather than search pointlessly for understanding, win-win propositions, etc....it is time to hammer them in private on rights and military behavior." He co-signed an open letter to 276: 811: 279:(2000-) as well as one of twelve outside experts on the top-secret Tilelli Commission (2000–2001) which evaluated the CIA's China operations. He has represented the United States in 1016: 683: 888: 736: 1213: 381:. He has called American China policy since 1978 "ur greatest foreign policy failure." In 2000, he "oppose the grant of permanent normal trade relations for the 299:
who lived to the north often turned hostile. This led him to study the two debates over the recovery of the northwest loop of the Yellow River, known as the
240: 1208: 307:(復套議) and were the topic of his PhD dissertation. After additional research, mostly undertaken at Princeton, this thesis culminated in his first book, 719: 399: 803: 538: 349:(軍閥), a term often taken as indigenous but that Waldron has demonstrated is borrowed from Japanese Marxist writings —produced his third book, 365:" dramatically enters the English vocabulary in 1925) that becomes increasingly strong thereafter, ultimately bringing Communist rule in 1949. 572: 768: 704: 1038: 378: 751: 1008: 951: 680: 210:
in particular, often with a focus on the origins and development of nationalism, and the study of war and violence in general.
1203: 268: 863: 620: 354: 295:(1368–1644) history at Harvard, during which he focused on why the relationship between the sedentary Ming and the nomadic 1218: 568: 244: 1233: 252: 903: 598: 408: 165: 982: 331: 203: 202:. Since 1997, Waldron has been the Lauder Professor of International Relations in the department of history at the 137: 833: 763:
Arthur Waldron, "From War to Nationalism: China's Turning Point, 1924-1925", (Cambridge University Press, 2003),
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Also while at Princeton Waldron began working on the history and diplomacy of the early Republican (pre-
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Arthur Waldron, "The Great Wall of China: From History to Myth," (Cambridge University Press, 1992),
390: 312: 260: 248: 149: 780: 564: 353:, in 1995. This presents a novel argument showing how the large-scale but almost entirely unstudied 737:
How the Peace was Lost: The 1935 Memorandum, Developments Affecting American Policy in the Far East
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The People in Arms: Military Myth and National Mobilization since the French Revolution
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The People in Arms: Military Myth and National Mobilization since the French Revolution
179: 175: 161: 959: 1197: 1143: 436: 183: 65: 690:, China Heritage Newsletter, The Australian National University, No. 1 (March 2005). 726:, Princeton University, Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library blog (21 September 2010). 386: 292: 624: 478: 463: 394: 342: 223: 115: 1127: 671:“The Recovery of the Ordos: A Ming Strategic Debate” Harvard University, 1981. 327: 300: 255:. Prior to arriving at the University of Pennsylvania, Waldron taught at, the 1181: 1135: 1089: 1173: 316: 199: 30: 1009:"'COVID-19 Probably Originated in a Wuhan Lab' -- Professor Arthur Waldron" 594: 377:
Waldron is a frequent commentator and critic of the Chinese government and
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to show that although multiple walls had been built at various times, the
1039:"Biden's radical change in nuclear weapons policy favors China | Opinion" 1097: 296: 243:
in Washington, D.C. He is a former director of Asian studies with the
1164:. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2003. Pp. xi, 268. $ 65.00". 219: 61: 1081: 541:. International Assessment and Strategy Center. 2004. Archived from 382: 207: 1160:(2004). "Book review: Daniel Moran and Arthur Waldron, editors. 681:"The Great Wall of China: Tangible, Intangible and Destructible" 407:, he suggested the possibility that the virus originated at the 456:“Developments Affecting American Policy in the Far East” (1992) 341:
Parallel research on China during the same period—that of the "
862:, Sophie Richardson, Orville Schell, Robert A. Kapp, Arthur. 746:”, Arthur Waldron (ed.), (Stanford, CA: Hoover Press, 1992), 267:. In 2003–2004 he was visiting professor of history, at the 925:"Spared a War: Abe's Victory and Japan's Rearmament - FPRI" 864:"Should Obama Cancel Xi's Visit -- Or Serve Him a Big Mac?" 283:
meetings with Korea, Taiwan, China, Japan and Russia.
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Photograph of Waldron taken by Richard Greenly in 2014
781:"Chinese Military History Society Suggested Readings" 330:) period in China. A major source was the papers of 263:, and as adjunct professor of East Asian Studies at 423:Waldron is married; he and his wife have two sons. 171: 155: 133: 107: 92: 82: 72: 40: 21: 514:. University of Pennsylvania Department of History 277:US-China Economic and Security Review Commission 239:Waldron is a founder and vice president of the 717:Escape to the Diamond Mountains in Korea, 1928 460:From War to Nationalism: China’s Turning Point 1066:The Great Wall of China: From History to Myth 433:The Great Wall of China: from History to Myth 309:The Great Wall of China: From History to Myth 222:on December 13, 1948. Waldron studied at the 87:The Great Wall of China: From History to Myth 8: 887:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 241:International Assessment and Strategy Center 597:. American Association of Chinese Studies. 454:How the Peace Was Lost: The 1935 Memorandum 623:. The Jamestown Foundation. Archived from 29: 18: 251:, Washington, D.C., and a member of the 198:(born December 13, 1948) is an American 506: 504: 502: 500: 496: 880: 802:Chang, Gordon G. (December 31, 2018). 533: 531: 529: 1214:University of Pennsylvania historians 1064:Farmer, Edward L. (1992). "Review of 1019:from the original on January 22, 2021 983:"In Hong Kong, It's Now a Revolution" 601:from the original on December 8, 2014 575:from the original on November 2, 2014 379:American foreign policy towards China 7: 303:. The debates are called in Chinese 981:Chang, Gordon G. (August 5, 2019). 565:"AEI Expands Asian Studies Program" 319:had given rise to the idea of the " 1209:University of Pennsylvania faculty 1070:Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 814:from the original on June 29, 2022 469:Zhongguo jiaohui daxue shi luncong 14: 950:Waldron, Arthur (June 12, 2017). 929:Foreign Policy Research Institute 355:Second Zhili-Fengtian War of 1924 448:Zhong-Xi wenhua yu jiaohui daxue 647:"Panel finds CIA soft on China" 442:The Modernization of Inner Asia 338:, with introduction and notes. 1166:The American Historical Review 269:Katholieke Universiteit Leuven 226:in Watertown, Connecticut and 16:American historian (born 1948) 1: 952:"There is no Thucydides Trap" 735:John Van Antwerp MacMurray, “ 569:American Enterprise Institute 245:American Enterprise Institute 311:, which drew upon extensive 253:Council on Foreign Relations 206:. He works chiefly on Asia, 172:Other academic advisors 409:Wuhan Institute of Virology 1250: 1128:10.1177/0920203X9601100154 722:February 16, 2013, at the 383:People’s Republic of China 332:John Van Antwerp MacMurray 204:University of Pennsylvania 138:University of Pennsylvania 783:. Kansas State University 189: 100: 96:Xiaowei Yu (1988-present) 28: 686:August 15, 2012, at the 400:Griff nach der Weltmacht 742:March 19, 2023, at the 450:中西文化與教會大學 (Ed.) (1991) 351:From War to Nationalism 124:international relations 118:, integrative history, 116:comparative nationalism 1204:Harvard College alumni 539:"Arthur Waldron, Ph.D" 359:May Thirtieth Movement 257:U.S. Naval War College 166:Joseph F. Fletcher Jr. 1174:10.1086/ahr/109.1.149 987:The National Interest 962:on September 18, 2019 471:中國教會大學史論叢 (Ed.)(1995) 45:Arthur Nelson Waldron 1219:American sinologists 1068:by Arthur Waldron". 391:Trump Administration 313:documentary research 261:Princeton University 249:Jamestown Foundation 218:Waldron was born in 1234:Historians of China 931:. November 28, 2017 715:Helene Van Rossum, 571:. October 1, 1997. 363:Chinese nationalism 1045:. November 4, 2021 860:Evan A. Feigenbaum 462:1924-1925 (1995); 389:in support of the 228:Winchester College 1116:China Information 627:on April 26, 2009 405:COVID-19 pandemic 193: 192: 142:Naval War College 102:Scientific career 1241: 1186: 1185: 1154: 1148: 1147: 1112:van de Ven, Hans 1108: 1102: 1101: 1061: 1055: 1054: 1052: 1050: 1035: 1029: 1028: 1026: 1024: 1004: 998: 997: 995: 993: 978: 972: 971: 969: 967: 958:. 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Kennan 291:Waldron studied 265:Brown University 157:Doctoral advisor 120:military history 58: 55:13 December 1948 54: 52: 33: 19: 1249: 1248: 1244: 1243: 1242: 1240: 1239: 1238: 1194: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1156: 1155: 1151: 1110: 1109: 1105: 1082:10.2307/2719176 1063: 1062: 1058: 1048: 1046: 1037: 1036: 1032: 1022: 1020: 1006: 1005: 1001: 991: 989: 980: 979: 975: 965: 963: 949: 948: 944: 934: 932: 923: 922: 918: 908: 906: 901: 900: 896: 879: 872: 870: 857: 856: 852: 842: 840: 838:www.govinfo.gov 832: 831: 827: 817: 815: 808:The Daily Beast 801: 800: 796: 786: 784: 779: 778: 774: 762: 758: 744:Wayback Machine 734: 730: 724:Wayback Machine 714: 710: 698: 694: 688:Wayback Machine 679: 675: 670: 666: 656: 654: 645: 644: 640: 630: 628: 621:"Board Members" 619: 618: 614: 604: 602: 593: 592: 588: 578: 576: 563: 562: 558: 548: 546: 545:on May 29, 2015 537: 536: 527: 517: 515: 510: 509: 498: 493: 429: 421: 375: 373:Political views 289: 237: 216: 148: 144: 140: 128:Russian history 112:Chinese history 73:Alma mater 68: 59: 56: 50: 48: 47: 46: 36: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1247: 1245: 1237: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1206: 1196: 1195: 1188: 1187: 1149: 1122:(1): 190–193. 1103: 1056: 1030: 1007:Fenton, Josh. 999: 973: 942: 916: 894: 868:Foreign Policy 850: 825: 794: 772: 769:978-0521523325 756: 728: 708: 705:978-0521427074 692: 673: 664: 653:. 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Kuhn 159: 153: 152: 135: 131: 130: 109: 105: 104: 98: 97: 94: 90: 89: 84: 83:Known for 80: 79: 74: 70: 69: 60: 44: 42: 38: 37: 34: 26: 25: 23:Arthur Waldron 22: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1246: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1229:Living people 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1201: 1199: 1192: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1158:Black, Jeremy 1153: 1150: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1107: 1104: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1060: 1057: 1044: 1040: 1034: 1031: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1003: 1000: 988: 984: 977: 974: 961: 957: 953: 946: 943: 930: 926: 920: 917: 905: 898: 895: 890: 884: 869: 865: 861: 854: 851: 839: 835: 829: 826: 813: 809: 805: 798: 795: 782: 776: 773: 770: 766: 760: 757: 753: 752:0-8179-9151-4 749: 745: 741: 738: 732: 729: 725: 721: 718: 712: 709: 706: 702: 696: 693: 689: 685: 682: 677: 674: 668: 665: 652: 648: 642: 639: 626: 622: 616: 613: 600: 596: 590: 587: 574: 570: 566: 560: 557: 544: 540: 534: 532: 530: 526: 513: 507: 505: 503: 501: 497: 490: 486:(forthcoming) 485: 482: 480: 476: 473: 470: 467: 465: 461: 458: 455: 452: 449: 446: 443: 440: 438: 437:ebook edition 434: 431: 430: 426: 424: 419:Personal life 418: 416: 412: 410: 406: 402: 401: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 372: 370: 366: 364: 360: 356: 352: 348: 344: 339: 337: 333: 329: 324: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 286: 284: 282: 278: 272: 270: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 234: 232: 229: 225: 221: 213: 211: 209: 205: 201: 197: 188: 185: 184:Richard Pipes 181: 177: 174: 170: 167: 163: 160: 158: 154: 151: 147: 143: 139: 136: 132: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 110: 106: 103: 99: 95: 91: 88: 85: 81: 78: 75: 71: 67: 66:United States 63: 57:(age 75) 43: 39: 32: 27: 20: 1191: 1165: 1161: 1152: 1119: 1115: 1106: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1059: 1049:November 11, 1047:. 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Index


Boston
United States
Harvard
Chinese history
comparative nationalism
military history
international relations
Russian history
University of Pennsylvania
Naval War College
Brown
Princeton
Doctoral advisor
Philip A. Kuhn
Joseph F. Fletcher Jr.
Yingshih Yü
Frederick Mote
Richard Pipes
historian
University of Pennsylvania
China
Boston
Taft School
Winchester College
International Assessment and Strategy Center
American Enterprise Institute
Jamestown Foundation
Council on Foreign Relations
U.S. Naval War College

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