46:
222:
33:
318:
which have needle-shaped crystals which irritate the skin, mouth, tongue, and throat, and result in swelling of the throat, difficulty breathing, burning pain, and upset stomach. However, their acrid taste, coupled with the almost immediate tingling sensation in the mouth when consumed, means that
302:
or leaf-like hood, often with purple spotting. The interior of the spathe can be greenish or a dull purple to brownish color. The flowers are hidden from sight, clustered at the base of the spadix with a ring of female flowers at the bottom and a ring of male flowers above them. Above the male
303:
flowers is a ring of hairs forming an insect trap. Insects are attracted to the spadix by its foul odor and a temperature warmer than the ambient temperature. The insects are trapped beneath the ring of hairs and are dusted with
307:
by the male flowers before escaping and carrying the pollen to the spadices of other plants, where they pollinate the female flowers. The spadix is a mid-to pale purple.
621:
314:
which remain after the spathe and other leaves have withered away. These attractive red to orange berries are extremely poisonous. The berries contain oxalates of
634:
397:
165:
358:
Throughout the area it is found in deciduous woodland or on the edges of coniferous woodland, preferring partial shade and somewhat moist conditions.
569:
582:
556:
750:
438:
269:
608:
243:
247:
504:
686:
639:
745:
232:
401:
691:
251:
236:
45:
457:
509:
149:
587:
530:
495:
310:
In late spring and early summer, the lower ring of (female) flowers forms a cluster of bright red
712:
40:
339:
Several characteristics set the two species apart including the tuber, which is horizontal with
626:
660:
517:
434:
665:
647:
295:
83:
673:
328:
311:
70:
678:
740:
734:
291:
96:
717:
522:
347:. The coloring of the interior of the spathe is another marked characteristic of
595:
489:
221:
106:
480:
32:
561:
543:
704:
652:
699:
474:
201:
574:
315:
205:
197:
185:
181:
116:
600:
304:
299:
287:
193:
189:
451:
398:"Arum orientale M.Bieb. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science"
336:, however, has a much more limited distribution than A. maculatum.
548:
57:
613:
535:
126:
455:
215:
319:
large amounts are rarely taken, and serious harm is unusual.
188:. It is found in southeastern Europe as far west as
464:
286:appear in autumn followed in late spring by the
298:, which is partially enclosed in a pale green
8:
250:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
452:
31:
20:
366:Within the genus, it belongs to subgenus
270:Learn how and when to remove this message
389:
332:are found, they are easily confused.
7:
424:
422:
420:
418:
248:adding citations to reliable sources
380:has a chromosome count of 2n = 28.
14:
220:
44:
692:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:86097-1
1:
400:. 2019-07-12. Archived from
767:
282:The plain green leaves of
155:
148:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
751:Plants described in 1808
290:borne on a poker-shaped
196:. Its primary range is
429:Boyce, Peter (1993).
322:In areas where both
244:improve this section
180:is a woodland plant
728:
727:
661:Open Tree of Life
458:Taxon identifiers
343:but discoid with
280:
279:
272:
173:
172:
141:A. orientale
758:
721:
720:
708:
707:
695:
694:
682:
681:
669:
668:
656:
655:
643:
642:
630:
629:
617:
616:
604:
603:
591:
590:
578:
577:
565:
564:
552:
551:
539:
538:
526:
525:
513:
512:
500:
499:
498:
485:
484:
483:
453:
446:
444:
433:. London: HMSO.
426:
413:
412:
410:
409:
394:
275:
268:
264:
261:
255:
224:
216:
161:
49:
48:
35:
21:
16:Species of plant
766:
765:
761:
760:
759:
757:
756:
755:
746:Flora of Europe
731:
730:
729:
724:
716:
711:
703:
698:
690:
685:
677:
672:
664:
659:
651:
648:Observation.org
646:
638:
633:
625:
620:
612:
607:
599:
594:
586:
581:
573:
568:
560:
555:
547:
542:
534:
529:
521:
516:
508:
503:
494:
493:
488:
479:
478:
473:
460:
450:
449:
441:
428:
427:
416:
407:
405:
396:
395:
391:
386:
364:
356:
276:
265:
259:
256:
241:
225:
214:
204:, and southern
169:
163:
157:
144:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
764:
762:
754:
753:
748:
743:
733:
732:
726:
725:
723:
722:
718:wfo-0000280604
709:
696:
683:
670:
657:
644:
631:
618:
605:
592:
579:
566:
553:
540:
527:
514:
501:
496:Arum orientale
486:
470:
468:
466:Arum orientale
462:
461:
456:
448:
447:
439:
431:The Genus Arum
414:
388:
387:
385:
382:
372:Dischroochiton
363:
360:
355:
352:
278:
277:
228:
226:
219:
213:
210:
184:of the family
177:Arum orientale
171:
170:
164:
159:Arum orientale
153:
152:
146:
145:
138:
136:
132:
131:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
87:
86:
81:
74:
73:
68:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
37:
36:
28:
27:
25:Arum orientale
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
763:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
738:
736:
719:
714:
710:
706:
701:
697:
693:
688:
684:
680:
675:
671:
667:
662:
658:
654:
649:
645:
641:
636:
632:
628:
623:
619:
615:
610:
606:
602:
597:
593:
589:
584:
580:
576:
571:
567:
563:
558:
554:
550:
545:
541:
537:
532:
528:
524:
519:
515:
511:
506:
502:
497:
491:
487:
482:
476:
472:
471:
469:
467:
463:
459:
454:
442:
440:0-11-250085-4
436:
432:
425:
423:
421:
419:
415:
404:on 2019-07-12
403:
399:
393:
390:
383:
381:
379:
375:
373:
370:, subsection
369:
361:
359:
353:
351:
350:
346:
342:
337:
335:
331:
330:
325:
320:
317:
313:
308:
306:
301:
297:
293:
292:inflorescence
289:
285:
274:
271:
263:
253:
249:
245:
239:
238:
234:
229:This section
227:
223:
218:
217:
211:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
178:
167:
162:
160:
154:
151:
150:Binomial name
147:
143:
142:
137:
134:
133:
130:
129:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
85:
82:
79:
76:
75:
72:
71:Tracheophytes
69:
66:
63:
62:
59:
56:
53:
52:
47:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
465:
430:
406:. Retrieved
402:the original
392:
378:A. orientale
377:
376:
371:
367:
365:
357:
349:A. orientale
348:
345:A. orientale
344:
341:A. maculatum
340:
338:
334:A. orientale
333:
329:A. maculatum
327:
324:A. orientale
323:
321:
309:
284:A. orientale
283:
281:
266:
257:
242:Please help
230:
176:
175:
174:
158:
156:
140:
139:
127:
90:
77:
64:
24:
18:
596:iNaturalist
490:Wikispecies
212:Description
107:Alismatales
84:Angiosperms
735:Categories
674:Plant List
408:2024-08-22
384:References
679:kew-16301
445:pp. 90-97
294:called a
260:July 2019
231:does not
135:Species:
54:Kingdom:
700:Tropicos
627:10239624
481:Q4069834
475:Wikidata
362:Taxonomy
316:saponins
202:Bulgaria
113:Family:
97:Monocots
705:2101930
614:86097-1
575:5330604
536:1133095
354:Habitat
312:berries
288:flowers
252:removed
237:sources
206:Ukraine
198:Romania
192:and in
186:Araceae
182:species
166:M.Bieb.
123:Genus:
117:Araceae
103:Order:
58:Plantae
666:759814
653:136720
640:491976
601:506269
562:185836
510:411439
437:
305:pollen
300:spathe
296:spadix
194:Turkey
190:Vienna
168:, 1808
622:IRMNG
557:EUNIS
549:ABGOR
91:Clade
78:Clade
65:Clade
741:Arum
687:POWO
635:NCBI
609:IPNI
588:4356
583:GRIN
570:GBIF
544:EPPO
523:H2R7
505:BOLD
435:ISBN
368:Arum
326:and
235:any
233:cite
128:Arum
713:WFO
531:EoL
518:CoL
246:by
737::
715::
702::
689::
676::
663::
650::
637::
624::
611::
598::
585::
572::
559::
546::
533::
520::
507::
492::
477::
417:^
374:.
208:.
200:,
93::
80::
67::
443:.
411:.
273:)
267:(
262:)
258:(
254:.
240:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
