1571:
416:
57:. This asymmetrical campaign against Ethiopian control left the Ethiopian military at a disadvantage and so it embarked on a policy of destroying Eritrean villages. It was hoped that this would prevent the separatists from continuing their campaign. Listed below are some of the major civilian
1490:
1465:
648:
1475:
113:
Students suspected of being members of the ELF were hanged in the centre of town. Parents of the slain were forced, by the
Ethiopian Army, to unhang their dead children and take them home.
1043:
217:
Students and youth suspected of supporting the ELF were publicly executed by hanging. Family members were forced to attend the execution and cut down their children from the noose.
1440:
1028:
898:
1425:
1460:
1302:
677:
652:
627:
248:
During an engagement with the EPLF and ELF the
Ethiopian Army attacked the church where villagers had taken refuge. The massacre is known is Eritrea as Black Saturday.
1255:
1430:
1632:
1470:
1525:
1048:
1450:
1327:
1038:
160:
The entire village was rounded up into the local mosque and the mosque's doors were locked, the building was then razed and survivors were shot.
1535:
1392:
1607:
918:
908:
46:
1530:
1435:
1272:
1245:
993:
553:
1612:
1540:
1455:
857:
723:
449:
779:
234:
Shortly after an EPLF attack on two
Ethiopian divisions, Ethiopian troops fire upon civilians gathered in Churches, homes and schools.
1617:
1093:
903:
1520:
1515:
1332:
536:
1337:
1282:
1240:
1230:
1063:
943:
913:
1485:
1260:
1053:
973:
968:
923:
366:
The dead were mostly women and children as the men had moved to the towns to eke out a living for their impoverished village.
1510:
1480:
1397:
1352:
1312:
1200:
1158:
1133:
1098:
963:
958:
1627:
1579:
1372:
1322:
1317:
1250:
1210:
1068:
1023:
1622:
1402:
1387:
1287:
1235:
1220:
1190:
1170:
1148:
1118:
1083:
1073:
1003:
988:
983:
978:
953:
948:
429:
29:
1382:
1377:
1367:
1307:
1297:
1292:
1277:
1215:
1185:
1153:
1108:
1088:
1078:
1033:
1008:
998:
812:
Johnson, Michael; Johnson, Trish (April 1981). "Eritrea: The
National Question and the Logic of Protracted Struggle".
1584:
1407:
1362:
1357:
1347:
1342:
1225:
1195:
1180:
1175:
1165:
1128:
1113:
1058:
1018:
1013:
1267:
1205:
1143:
1138:
754:
Ethiopia: "Mengistu has
Decided to Burn Us like Wood": Bombing of Civilians and Civilian Targets by the Air Force
38:
1123:
878:
606:
850:
203:
Students were strangled to death using piano strings, their bodies were dumped in alleyways and doorsteps.
1103:
579:
488:
128:
Ethiopian Army entered the village killing all civilians men and burning down the village totally.
42:
1574:
843:
560:
1556:
787:
752:
698:
532:
727:
453:
264:
After several ELF attacks on the town the
Ethiopian Army retaliated on the local population.
123:
99:
Several villages wiped out and the throats of men slit in front of their wives and children.
821:
174:
Ethiopian Army units surrounded the village killing civilians and burning down the village.
144:
The village elders were rounded up for supporting the
Eritrean Liberation Front and killed.
50:
592:
825:
421:
1601:
554:"Eritrea Re-photographed: Landscape Changes in the Eritrean Highlands 1890–2004"
17:
411:
791:
155:
867:
295:
The villagers were machine gunned in front of a river to prevent escape.
290:
139:
58:
767:"Lives Shaped By War" (Press release). National Union of Eritrean Women.
393:
332:
259:
34:
835:
377:
275:
228:
198:
62:
54:
839:
508:{Wrong, Michelle, " I didn't do it for you", pg 227, image 1.}
400:
Throughout the conflict
Ethiopia used "anti-personnel gas"
780:"Rebels Say Ethiopian Planes Killed 50 in Port Bombings"
649:"The Milwaukee Journal – Google News Archive Search"
1549:
1501:
1416:
932:
887:
678:"The Saturday Citizen – Google News Archive Search"
628:"The Montreal Gazette – Google News Archive Search"
483:
481:
479:
477:
475:
473:
471:
450:"40th anniversary of Hazemo Massacre commemorated"
672:
670:
337:Killed by aerial attacks.50 ELF Martyr Eritrea
61:committed by both the Ethiopian Empire and the
33:was fought as a guerrilla campaign by two main
851:
724:"32nd Anniversary of Hirgigo Massacre marked"
8:
858:
844:
836:
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
747:
745:
72:
441:
588:
577:
7:
1633:Massacres of the Ethiopian Civil War
826:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a097304
47:Eritrean People's Liberation Front
25:
1570:
1569:
1044:Democratic Republic of the Congo
529:Historical Dictionary of Eritrea
414:
37:liberation fronts, first by the
703:Eritrea Ministry Of Information
398:Aerial attacks, cluster bombs
1:
699:"The unforgettable massacres"
1608:Eritrean War of Independence
1446:Eritrean War of Independence
1441:Croatian War of Independence
430:Eritrean War of Independence
30:Eritrean War of Independence
607:"Dates in Eritrean History"
1649:
1613:Lists of events in Eritrea
41:(ELF) and then, after the
1618:Lists of massacres by war
1565:
1461:Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
874:
39:Eritrean Liberation Front
879:List of massacres at sea
53:, and later the Marxist
1261:List of Palestine lists
1256:Palestinian territories
531:. The Scarecrow Press.
489:"Eritrean Martyrs' Day"
390:50 killed, 110 wounded
374:67 killed, 125 wounded
231:, Surrounding villages
1526:Indigenous Australians
994:Bosnia and Herzegovina
587:Cite journal requires
1303:São Tomé and Príncipe
527:Killion, Tom (1998).
85:Description of event
1628:Massacres in Eritrea
1580:Massacres by country
778:Ap (24 April 1990).
730:on 30 September 2007
456:on 30 September 2007
1623:Massacres in Africa
899:Mandatory Palestine
49:(EPLF) against the
43:Eritrean Civil Wars
1491:WWII in Yugoslavia
1466:Sudanese civil war
1431:Algerian Civil War
1426:1948 Palestine war
1049:Dominican Republic
784:The New York Times
655:on 17 January 2016
1595:
1594:
1585:Massacres by year
1557:List of genocides
1476:Greco-Turkish War
1451:Finnish Civil War
405:
404:
16:(Redirected from
1640:
1573:
1572:
1471:Syrian civil war
909:Ottoman Bulgaria
860:
853:
846:
837:
830:
829:
820:(319): 181–195.
809:
803:
802:
800:
798:
775:
769:
768:
764:
758:
749:
740:
739:
737:
735:
726:. Archived from
720:
714:
713:
711:
709:
695:
689:
688:
686:
684:
674:
665:
664:
662:
660:
651:. Archived from
645:
639:
638:
636:
634:
624:
618:
617:
615:
613:
603:
597:
596:
590:
585:
583:
575:
573:
571:
565:
559:. Archived from
558:
549:
543:
542:
524:
509:
506:
500:
499:
497:
495:
485:
466:
465:
463:
461:
452:. Archived from
446:
424:
419:
418:
417:
73:
51:Ethiopian Empire
21:
18:Asmara massacres
1648:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1591:
1561:
1545:
1531:Nizari Ismailis
1504:
1497:
1419:
1412:
1328:Solomon Islands
1246:North Macedonia
937:
935:
928:
892:
890:
889:By past country
883:
870:
864:
834:
833:
814:African Affairs
811:
810:
806:
796:
794:
777:
776:
772:
766:
765:
761:
750:
743:
733:
731:
722:
721:
717:
707:
705:
697:
696:
692:
682:
680:
676:
675:
668:
658:
656:
647:
646:
642:
632:
630:
626:
625:
621:
611:
609:
605:
604:
600:
586:
576:
569:
567:
566:on 4 March 2006
563:
556:
551:
550:
546:
539:
526:
525:
512:
507:
503:
493:
491:
487:
486:
469:
459:
457:
448:
447:
443:
438:
420:
415:
413:
410:
382:Aerial attacks
371:3–4 April 1990
71:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1646:
1644:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1600:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1541:Turkish people
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1039:Czech Republic
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
940:
938:
933:
930:
929:
927:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
895:
893:
888:
885:
884:
882:
881:
875:
872:
871:
865:
863:
862:
855:
848:
840:
832:
831:
804:
770:
759:
757:, 24 July 1990
751:Africa Watch,
741:
715:
690:
666:
640:
619:
598:
589:|journal=
544:
537:
510:
501:
467:
440:
439:
437:
434:
433:
432:
426:
425:
422:Eritrea portal
409:
406:
403:
402:
396:
391:
388:
387:24 April 1990
384:
383:
380:
375:
372:
368:
367:
364:
361:
358:
354:
353:
351:
348:
343:
339:
338:
335:
330:
327:
323:
322:
320:
317:
314:
310:
309:
307:
304:
301:
297:
296:
293:
288:
285:
281:
280:
278:
273:
270:
266:
265:
262:
257:
254:
250:
249:
246:
243:
240:
236:
235:
232:
226:
223:
219:
218:
215:
212:
209:
205:
204:
201:
196:
193:
189:
188:
186:
183:
180:
176:
175:
172:
169:
166:
162:
161:
158:
153:
150:
146:
145:
142:
137:
134:
130:
129:
126:
121:
119:
118:6 August 1970
115:
114:
111:
108:
105:
101:
100:
97:
94:
91:
87:
86:
83:
80:
77:
70:
67:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1645:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1521:Hazara people
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1500:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1393:United States
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1094:Great Britain
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
939:
931:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
904:Ottoman Syria
902:
900:
897:
896:
894:
886:
880:
877:
876:
873:
869:
861:
856:
854:
849:
847:
842:
841:
838:
827:
823:
819:
815:
808:
805:
793:
789:
785:
781:
774:
771:
763:
760:
756:
755:
748:
746:
742:
729:
725:
719:
716:
704:
700:
694:
691:
679:
673:
671:
667:
654:
650:
644:
641:
629:
623:
620:
608:
602:
599:
594:
581:
562:
555:
552:Louise Latt.
548:
545:
540:
538:0-8108-3437-5
534:
530:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
511:
505:
502:
490:
484:
482:
480:
478:
476:
474:
472:
468:
455:
451:
445:
442:
435:
431:
428:
427:
423:
412:
407:
401:
397:
395:
392:
389:
386:
385:
381:
379:
376:
373:
370:
369:
365:
362:
359:
356:
355:
352:
349:
347:
344:
341:
340:
336:
334:
331:
328:
325:
324:
321:
318:
315:
312:
311:
308:
305:
302:
299:
298:
294:
292:
289:
286:
283:
282:
279:
277:
274:
271:
268:
267:
263:
261:
258:
255:
252:
251:
247:
244:
241:
238:
237:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
220:
216:
213:
210:
207:
206:
202:
200:
197:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
178:
177:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
159:
157:
154:
151:
148:
147:
143:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
116:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
84:
81:
78:
75:
74:
68:
66:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
1536:Palestinians
1516:Azerbaijanis
1486:World War II
1445:
1333:South Africa
936:or territory
919:Soviet Union
891:or territory
817:
813:
807:
795:. Retrieved
783:
773:
762:
753:
732:. Retrieved
728:the original
718:
706:. Retrieved
702:
693:
681:. Retrieved
657:. Retrieved
653:the original
643:
631:. Retrieved
622:
612:26 September
610:. Retrieved
601:
580:cite journal
570:26 September
568:. Retrieved
561:the original
547:
528:
504:
494:26 September
492:. Retrieved
458:. Retrieved
454:the original
444:
399:
345:
284:August 1975
28:
26:
1481:World War I
1436:Bosnian War
1343:South Sudan
1338:South Korea
1283:Puerto Rico
1273:Philippines
1241:North Korea
1231:New Zealand
1064:El Salvador
944:Afghanistan
914:Roman Judea
708:28 February
357:1988-12-05
342:1988-05-04
326:April 1988
313:1985-10-19
300:1976-12-30
269:1975-04-17
253:1975-03-09
239:1975-02-02
222:1975-02-14
192:1974-12-28
179:1974-07-10
165:1970-12-01
149:1970-11-30
133:1970-01-17
90:1967-07-24
55:Derg regime
1602:Categories
1456:Kosovo War
1054:East Timor
974:Bangladesh
969:Azerbaijan
934:By country
924:Yugoslavia
797:31 January
436:References
211:Approx 70
107:Approx 50
104:Late 1967
1575:Massacres
1511:Armenians
1398:Venezuela
1353:Sri Lanka
1313:Singapore
1201:Lithuania
1159:Jerusalem
1134:Indonesia
1099:Guatemala
964:Australia
959:Argentina
868:massacres
866:Lists of
792:0362-4331
319:Mogoraib
245:Wekiduba
185:Om Hajer
156:Besikdira
59:massacres
45:, by the
1550:See also
1503:By group
1373:Thailand
1323:Slovenia
1318:Slovakia
1251:Pakistan
1211:Malaysia
1069:Ethiopia
1024:Colombia
734:11 March
408:See also
306:Hirgigo
291:Om Hajer
272:235-470
140:Elabared
110:Akordat
82:Location
35:Eritrean
1403:Vietnam
1388:Ukraine
1288:Romania
1236:Nigeria
1221:Myanmar
1191:Lebanon
1171:Jamaica
1149:Ireland
1124:Iceland
1119:Hungary
1084:Germany
1074:Finland
1029:Croatia
1004:Burundi
989:Bolivia
984:Belgium
979:Belarus
954:Algeria
949:Albania
683:6 April
659:6 April
633:6 April
460:26 July
394:Massawa
363:She'eb
350:Shebah
346:unknown
333:Agordat
276:Hirgigo
260:Agordat
242:80-103
124:Missian
96:Hazemo
1418:By war
1383:Uganda
1378:Turkey
1368:Taiwan
1308:Serbia
1298:Rwanda
1293:Russia
1278:Poland
1216:Mexico
1186:Latvia
1154:Israel
1109:Guyana
1104:Guinea
1089:Greece
1079:France
1034:Cyprus
1009:Canada
999:Brazil
790:
535:
378:Afabet
229:Asmara
214:Keren
199:Asmara
79:Deaths
1408:Yemen
1363:Syria
1358:Sudan
1348:Spain
1226:Nepal
1196:Libya
1181:Kenya
1176:Japan
1166:Italy
1129:India
1114:Haiti
1059:Egypt
1019:China
1014:Chile
564:(PDF)
557:(PDF)
360:400+
287:~250
225:3000
208:1971
182:170+
168:800+
1268:Peru
1206:Mali
1144:Iraq
1139:Iran
799:2023
788:ISSN
736:2007
710:2022
685:2015
661:2015
635:2015
614:2006
593:help
572:2006
533:ISBN
496:2006
462:2007
303:105
256:258
171:Ona
152:120
93:172
76:Date
69:List
63:Derg
27:The
822:doi
316:39
195:45
136:60
1604::
818:80
816:.
786:.
782:.
744:^
701:.
669:^
584::
582:}}
578:{{
513:^
470:^
329:3
65:.
859:e
852:t
845:v
828:.
824::
801:.
738:.
712:.
687:.
663:.
637:.
616:.
595:)
591:(
574:.
541:.
498:.
464:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.