46:
33:
309:, which are specialized hyphal stalks for asexual reproduction, typically measure 120â700 Ξm in length. Conidiophores terminate in small vesicles (10â15 Ξm in diameter) that are biseriate (i.e., with two successive layers of cells interposing the vesicle and conidia). The first layer of cells are called metulae upon which
294:
Colonies vary greatly in colour, growth rate, and surface characteristics depending upon growth conditions. By contrast, microscopic morphology tends to be consistent independent of growth parameters. Colonies are typically white at the start of development, and change to yellow, orange, and green,
257:
can grow at a larger temperature range from 4â40 °C. The fungus can also tolerate a wide pH range, and is particularly resistant to alkaline conditions. The soil depth at which the fungus can be found is variable (down to 50 cm), but it appears to be particularly abundant in deeper soils.
526:, with the most abundant being glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Other proteins include sorbitol reductase, catalase, enolase, malate dehydrogenase, and Asp v 13. It is common in developed countries to measure IgG responses in humans.
363:
nitrobenzoyl ester isolated from hyphae have been shown to be potent inhibitor of human breast and colon cancer cell lines. Other extracted compounds that are cytotoxic towards cancer cells include xanthones,
1387:
Carmona, Eleonara; MB Fialha; EB Buchgnani; GD Coelho; MR Brocheto-Braga; JA Jorge (January 2005). "Production, purification and characterization of a minor form of xylanase from
Aspergillus versicolor".
285:
has been isolated from areas with high saline levels including the Dead Sea. Other extreme habitats from which the fungus has been reported include peat bogs, deglaciated Arctic soil, and uranium mines.
1136:
Lee, Yoon Mi; Yoon Mi Lee; Min Jeong Kim; Huayue Li; Ping Zhang; Baoquan Bao; Ka Jeong Lee; Jee H. Jung (May 2013). "Marine-Derived
Aspergillus Species as a Source of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites".
281:
as it is able to survive in solutions that are up to 30% NaCl or 40% sucrose. This makes the fungus an economically important spoilage organism for stored grains, rice, tea, and spices. Additionally,
193:
commonly found in damp indoor environments and on food products. It has a characteristic musty odor associated with moldy homes and is a major producer of the hepatotoxic and carcinogenic
545:
is also useful in the industrial production and purification of xylanase, which is often used to degrade xylan in waste products from hardwood manufacturing and agricultural activities.
1098:
Jeya, M.; S. Thiagarajan; J. Lee; P. Gunasekaran (February 2009). "Identification of New GH 10 and GH 11 Xylanase Genes from
Aspergillus versicolor MKU3 by Genome-Walking PCR".
295:
often with pink or flesh hues intermixed, as they mature. Reverse pigmentation is often variable as well, especially for incubation periods greater than two weeks in duration.
541:
is very effective at removing lead ions, adsorbing 45 mg of lead per gram of dry fungal biomass. The process proceeds quickly with 80% of ions adsorbed within an hour.
815:
Liang, Yinan; Wendy Zhao; Jiangping Xu; David Miller (January 2011). "Characterization of two related exoantigens from the biodeteriogenic fungus
Aspergillus versicolor".
537:
Fungi provide an effective, economic, and environmentally-friendly method of removing harmful wastes that accumulate as byproducts of industrial activities. For example,
253:
is a highly resilient fungus, explaining its wide global distribution in a variety of environmental conditions. Although it grows optimally between 22 and 26 °C,
1562:
243:
is a highly ubiquitous species commonly isolated from soil, plant debris, marine environments, and indoor air environments. It is among the most common of indoor
1601:
529:
Additionally, mycotoxins can act as immunosuppressants, which may explain some increased prevalence of frequent infections among inhabitants of damp buildings.
1448:
1352:
Bairagi, HImadri; Motiar Khan; Lalitagauri Ray; Arun Guha (February 2011). "Adsorption profile of lead on
Aspergillus versicolor: A mechanistic probing".
1536:
1273:
Shi, C.; JD Miller (May 2011). "Characterization of the 41 kDa allergen Asp v 13, a subtilisin-like serine protease from
Aspergillus versicolor".
247:, often reported in dust and in water-damaged building materials, such as wallboards, insulation, textiles, ceiling tiles, and manufactured wood.
1624:
1637:
507:
is insensitive to these treatments and the infection can persist even after months or years of treatment. Studies have shown that like other
584:
1226:
Benndorf, D; A Muller; K Bock; O Manuwald; O Herbarth; M von Bergen (April 2008). "Identification of spore allergens from the indoor mould
613:
1510:
1007:
954:
885:
Pasanen, Pertti; Anne Korpi; Pentti
Kalliokoski; Anna-Liisa Pasanen (January 1997). "Growth and volatile metabolite production of
1701:
1673:
686:
Englehart, Steffen; Annette Loock; Dirk
Shutlarek; Helmut Sagunski; Annette Lommel; Harald Farber; Martin Exner (August 2012).
1588:
1055:
Kis-Papo, T; A. Oren; S.P. Wasser; E. Nevo (January 2003). "Survival of filamentous fungi in hypersaline Dead Sea water".
776:
Fomicheva, FM; Vasilenko OV; Marfenina OE (March 2006). "Comparative morphological, ecological, and molecular studies of
483:, so it is suspected that human exposured to sterigmatocystins occur through micro-fragments derived from the colonies.
349:
45:
1606:
376:. Additional studies on the fungus have demonstrated various metabolites with activity against bacteria such as
1629:
372:. Anthraquinone appears yellowish in appearance, and like other pigment molecules, it is regularly produced by
317:
are spherical, approximately 2.5â3.5 Ξm in diameter, and may have smooth or slightly roughened surfaces.
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1416:
389:
385:
140:
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in plant cell walls. Xylanase is a secondary metabolite controlled through gene-specific induction and
1706:
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1528:
1484:
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is able to grow on a variety of surfaces, including those that are nutrient-deficient, because it is
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1161:
1115:
1080:
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797:
668:
162:
40:
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as cause of onychomycosis: report of 12 cases and susceptibility testing to antifungal drugs".
1650:
1471:
1369:
1331:
1290:
1247:
1200:
1179:
Torres-Rodriguez, JM; Madrenys-Brunet, N; Siddat, M; Lopez-Jodra, O; Jimenez, T (July 1998). "
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360:
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exhibit antibacterial, fungicidal, insecticidal, and cytotoxic properties. For example, a
269:
characteristics, meaning that it can grow in conditions with low water activity (down to a
397:
King, Andrew M.; Sarah A. Reid-Yu; Wenliang Wang; Dustin T. King; Gianfranco De
Pascale;
313:
are borne. The vesicles are variable in shape but are often described as "spoon-shaped".
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999:
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32:
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87:
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is an opportunistic pathogen and is considered to be an important causative agent of
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117:
1149:
1111:
1068:
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77:
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218:
The fungus was first described by Jean-Paul
Vuillemin in 1903 under the name
1515:
1497:
278:
266:
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57:
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1335:
1294:
1251:
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isolates and sterigmatocystin in carpet dust from damp indoor environments"
452:
403:"Aspergillomarasmine A overcomes metallo-Îē-lactamase antibiotic resistance"
1463:
1204:
1575:
1433:
341:
310:
306:
426:
1541:
664:
314:
1554:
1580:
302:
190:
67:
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1502:
847:
Nielsen, KF (March 2003). "Mycotoxin production by indoor molds".
1642:
1489:
1326:
1309:
647:
Bjurman, J; Kristensson, J (June 1992). "Volatile production by
522:
There are more than 20 allergens that have been identified from
1414:
780:(Vuill.) Tiraboschi strains isolated from different ecotopes".
401:; Timothy R. Walsh; Brian K. Coombes; Gerard D. Wright (2014).
1185:
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
463:, are typically produced in relatively low concentrations by
990:
Pettersson, Olga (2011). "Fungal Xerophiles (Osmophiles)".
651:
as a possible cause of odor in houses affected by fungi".
471:, which can account for up to 1% of the total biomass of
1310:"Mycotoxins of Aspergilli; Exposure and health effects"
503:, which is often treated with topical azoles. However,
499:. There have been reported cases of the fungus causing
1423:
817:
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation
228:by Carlo Tiraboschi in 1908. Presently, the genus
332:for most growth substances and the macronutrient
273:of 0.75â0.81 in the optimal temperature range).
515:is highly sensitive to terbinafine, which has
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8:
842:
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838:
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31:
20:
1325:
715:
442:
189:is a slow-growing species of filamentous
1100:Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering
553:
479:of 1). Not many spores are produced by
1035:MycoCosm: The Fungal Genomics Resource
1021:
1019:
972:
962:
696:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
210:is an eye, nose, and throat irritant.
459:Mycotoxins, such as nidulotoxins and
7:
1617:0812b3b9-fff7-4047-a2c8-600353a94f92
305:that appear glassy and transparent.
1000:10.1002/9780470015902.a0000376.pub2
491:Like other members of its species,
222:, and was later moved to the genus
1197:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1998.tb00949.x
14:
388:has been reported to inhibit two
261:Like other members of its genus,
1308:Reijula, K; T Tuomi (May 2003).
1244:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01603.x
475:under optimal conditions (e.g. a
44:
708:10.1128/AEM.68.8.3886-3890.2002
1354:Journal of Hazardous Materials
994:. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1:
1402:10.1016/j.procbio.2004.01.010
1366:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.064
903:10.1016/S0160-4120(97)00027-5
861:10.1016/S1087-1845(03)00026-4
355:Many metabolites produced by
344:, an enzyme that breaks down
156:(Vuillemin) Tiraboschi (1908)
1287:10.1016/j.molimm.2011.05.010
947:10.1016/0016-7061(82)90042-8
350:carbon catabolite repression
340:has high activity levels of
849:Fungal Genetics and Biology
829:10.1016/j.ibiod.2010.11.005
220:Sterigmatocystis versicolor
172:Sterigmatocystis versicolor
1728:
1150:10.1007/s10126-013-9506-3
1112:10.1007/s12257-008-0112-6
1069:10.1007/s00248-002-3006-8
923:Domsch, Klaus H. (2007).
891:Environment International
794:10.1134/S0026261706020123
688:"Occurrence of Toxigenic
277:is also considered to be
168:
161:
146:
139:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
929:. Vol. 28. p.
926:Compendium of soil fungi
467:. The only exception is
1702:Fungi described in 1903
1314:Frontiers in Bioscience
778:Aspergillus verseicolor
751:Fungal Genomics Program
1425:Aspergillus versicolor
1228:Aspergillus versicolor
1181:Aspergillus versicolor
1029:Aspergillus versicolor
887:Aspergillus versicolor
745:Aspergillus versicolor
690:Aspergillus versicolor
649:Aspergillus versicolor
616:Aspergillus versicolor
587:Aspergillus versicolor
543:Aspergillus versicolor
326:Aspergillus versicolor
299:Aspergillus versicolor
251:Aspergillus versicolor
241:Aspergillus versicolor
186:Aspergillus versicolor
150:Aspergillus versicolor
25:Aspergillus versicolor
519:fungicidal activity.
395:proteins in bacteria.
390:antibiotic resistance
386:Aspergillomarasmine A
1390:Process Biochemistry
1281:(15â16): 1827â1834.
1275:Molecular Immunology
1138:Marine Biotechnology
399:Natalie C. Strynadka
321:Secondary metabolism
939:1982Geode..28...63M
427:10.1038/nature13445
419:2014Natur.510..503K
665:10.1007/BF00437151
301:has long, septate
265:displays moderate
132:A. versicolor
1689:
1688:
1651:Open Tree of Life
1417:Taxon identifiers
1057:Microbial Ecology
628:on 21 August 2013
413:(7506): 503â506.
182:
181:
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16:Species of fungus
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1594:BMSSYS0000001984
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889:in house dust".
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702:(8): 3886â3890.
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677:
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624:. Archived from
610:
604:
603:
601:
599:
581:
469:sterigmatocystin
456:
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380:and yeasts like
336:. Additionally,
230:Sterigmatocystis
198:sterigmatocystin
175:Vuillemin (1903)
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533:Industrial uses
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378:M. tuberculosis
361:sesquiterpenoid
323:
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157:
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1712:Fungus species
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1396:(1): 359â364.
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1341:Free full text
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659:(3): 173â178.
653:Mycopathologia
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539:A. versicolor
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524:A. versicolor
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513:A. versicolor
510:
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505:A. versicolor
502:
501:onychomycosis
498:
497:aspergillosis
494:
493:A. versicolor
486:
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481:A. versicolor
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473:A. versicolor
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393:carbapenemase
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374:A. versicolor
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357:A. versicolor
353:
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509:Aspergillus
382:C. albicans
330:autotrophic
267:xerophillic
225:Aspergillus
203:Aspergillus
119:Aspergillus
1696:Categories
1040:17 October
756:17 October
632:17 October
598:17 October
549:References
334:riboflavin
290:Morphology
279:osmophilic
98:Eurotiales
78:Ascomycota
74:Division:
1440:Q10420082
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511:species,
435:0028-0836
311:phialides
206:species,
195:mycotoxin
126:Species:
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1568:10382270
1524:Fungorum
1461:BioLib:
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1434:Wikidata
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1085:24597888
1077:12545316
869:12781669
802:28377806
726:12147486
673:25079049
593:MycoBank
517:in vitro
453:24965651
342:xylanase
214:Taxonomy
163:Synonyms
104:Family:
54:Domain:
1666:1197589
1542:5259999
1490:1028730
1232:Allergy
1205:9731962
935:Bibcode
487:Disease
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415:Bibcode
315:Conidia
236:Ecology
114:Genus:
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1679:100498
1663:uBio:
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1674:WoRMS
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1607:46472
1563:IRMNG
1516:20498
1511:EUNIS
1477:5VTN2
1256:S2CID
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245:molds
68:Fungi
1638:OBIS
1630:5191
1602:NCBI
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1498:EPPO
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1291:PMID
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1042:2013
1004:ISBN
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1398:doi
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