1456:'s astrology writings, it is described, that last time the starting-point of the sidereal zodiac agreed with the tropical zodiac occurred in AD 498. A year after these points were in exact agreement, the Sun crossed the equator about fifty seconds of space into the constellation Pisces. The year following it was one minute and forty seconds into Pisces, and so it has been creeping backward ever since, until at the present time the Sun crosses the equator in about nine degrees in the constellation Pisces. Based on this approach, it will thus be about 600 years before it actually crosses the celestial equator in the constellation Aquarius. However this is only one of many approaches and so this must remain speculation at this point of time.
1087:) framing the bull-slaying image β one holding a torch pointing up and the other a torch pointing down. These torch-bearers are sometimes depicted with one of them (torch up) holding or associated with a Bull and a tree with leaves, and the other (torch down) holding or associated with a Scorpion and a tree with fruit. Ulansey interprets these torch-bearers as representing the spring equinox (torch up, tree with leaves, Bull) and the autumn equinox (torch down, tree with fruit, Scorpion) in Taurus and Scorpius respectively, which is where the equinoxes were located during the preceding "Age of Taurus" symbolized in the tauroctony as a whole.
1701:
Pisces, followed by
Aquarius, Capricorn, and so on, until the last sub-period β Aries. Charles Carter indicated there was some merit to this approach. If applying the dwadasamsa sub-period system geometrically for example the first sub-period in the Aquarian Age is Capricorn, followed by Sagittarius, Scorpio, and so on, until the last sub-period β Aquarius. This approach is adopted by Terry MacKinnell, Patrizia Norelli-Bachelet and David Williams applied his (threefold division) geometrically thus supporting this approach.
1270:
1076:, which is located directly above Taurus the Bull: The same location occupied by Mithras in the tauroctony image. Mithras' killing of the Bull, by this reasoning, represented the power possessed by this new god to shift the entire cosmic structure, turning the cosmic sphere so that the location of the spring equinox left the constellation of Taurus (a transition symbolized by the killing of the Bull), and the Dog, Snake, Raven, and Scorpion likewise lost their privileged positions on the celestial equator.
1193:. Though incorrect, some oriental astronomers at the time believed that the precessional cycle was 24,000 years which included twelve astrological ages of 2,000 years each. Dionysius believed that if the planetary alignment marked the end of an age (i.e. the Pisces age), then the birth of Jesus Christ marked the beginning of the Age of Pisces 2,000 years earlier. He therefore deducted 2,000 years from the May 2000 conjunction to produce AD 1 for the incarnation of Christ.
1327:
851:(c. 190β120 BCE) is often credited with the discovery of the precession of the equinoxes, a fundamental astronomical phenomenon that plays a crucial role in the concept of astrological ages. Precession refers to the gradual shift in the orientation of Earth's axis of rotation, which causes the positions of the equinoxes to move slowly westward along the ecliptic, completing a full cycle approximately every 26,000 years.
1600:("The Start of the Aquarian Age, an Astronomical Question?"). Based on the boundaries accepted by IAU in 1928, Haupt's article investigates the start of the Age of Aquarius by calculating the entry of the spring equinox point over the parallel cycle (d = β 4Β°) between the constellations Pisces and Aquarius and reaches, using the usual formula of precession (Gliese, 1982), the year 2595. However Haupt concludes:
1494:
800:". For example, Ray Grasse states that an astrological age does not begin at an exact day or year. Paul Wright states that a transition effect does occur at the border of the astrological ages. Consequently, the beginning of any age cannot be defined to a single year or a decade but blend its influences with the previous age for a period of time until the new age can stand in its own right. In
1359:. By now (the yellow grid) it has shifted (red arrow) to somewhere in the constellation of Pisces. Note that this is an astronomical description of the precessional movement and the vernal equinox position in a given constellation may not imply the astrological meaning of an Age carrying the same name, as they (ages and constellations) only have an exact alignment in the "
388:
33:
1684:
sub-periods in natural order. For example, the twelve dwadasamsa of
Aquarius are Aquarius, Pisces, Aries, Taurus, and so on, until the last dwadasamsa β Capricorn. Technically this approach is based on attributes of both the twelfth and thirteenth harmonics of the zodiacal signs and can be considered to be halfway between the 12th and 13th harmonics.
1543:
1476:
1388:'moving' from west to east at the rate of one degree approximately every 72 years. One degree is about twice the diameter of the Sun or Moon as viewed from Earth. The easiest way to notice this slow movement of the stars is at any fixed time each year. The most common fixed time is at the vernal equinox around 21 March each year.
788:, many constellations overlap, a problem only eliminated in the past 200 years by the adoption of official constellation boundaries. For example, by 2700 CE the vernal point will have moved into Aquarius, but from a classical-era point of view, the vernal point will also point to Pisces due to the pre-boundary overlap.
822:
found from 2000 BC to AD 1, Pisces age AD 1 to AD 2000, the
Aquarian Age AD 2000 β AD 4000, and so on. This approach is inconsistent with the precession of the equinoxes. Based on precession of the equinoxes, there is a one-degree shift approximately every 72 years, so a 30-degree movement requires 2160 years to complete.
1737:
has been the heliacal rising constellation for some centuries. The stars disappear about one hour before dawn depending upon magnitude, latitude, and date. This one hour represents approximately 15 degrees difference compared to the contemporary method based on the position of the Sun among the zodiacal constellations.
1736:
The heliacal rising constellation at the vernal equinox is based on the last zodiacal constellation rising above the
Eastern Horizon just before dawn and before the light of the approaching Sun obliterates the stars on the eastern horizon. Currently at the vernal equinox the constellation of Aquarius
1674:
The most popular method of sub-dividing astrological ages is to divide each age equally into twelve sub-periods with the first sub-period Aries, followed by Taurus, Gemini, and so on, until the last sub-division, Pisces. Charles Carter was an early advocate of this approach. Technically this approach
1604:
Though it cannot be expected that astrologers will follow the official boundaries of the constellations, there will be an attempt to calculate the entry of the spring equinox point into the constellation of
Aquarius. As briefly has been shown, the results and methods of astrology in many areas, such
924:
mentions that both theories were being discussed. The
Indians around the 5th century AD preferred the trepidation theory but because they had observed the movement of the fixed stars by 25 degrees since ancient times (since around 1325 BC), they considered that trepidation swung back and forth around
430:
The following table of astrological ages was compiled by Neil Mann, giving commonly cited durations for each era, as well as developments in human history typically believed to have been influenced by the vernal equinox sign of their age. He notes that the claims of zodiac influences on human history
1350:
from one direction to another, then the equatorial plane of the Earth (indicated with the circular grid around the equator) and the associated celestial equator will move too. Where the celestial equator intersects the ecliptic (red line) there are the equinoxes. As seen from the drawing, the orange
1700:
Geometric Order (Retrograde) β The other approach is to arrange the sub-periods geometrically and reverse the direction of the sub-periods in line with the retrograde order of the astrological ages. For example, if applying the Aries to Pisces method, the first sub-period of any astrological age is
1440:
Modern day astronomers have defined boundaries, but this is a recent development by astronomers who are divorced from astrology, and cannot be assumed to be correct from the astrological perspective. While most astronomers and some astrologers agree that the fiducial point occurred in or around the
1424:
point and, if the fiducial point could be found, fairly exact timeframes of all the astrological ages could be accurately determined if the method used to determine the astrological ages is based on the equal-sized 30 degrees per age and do not correspond to the exact constellation configuration in
858:
This discovery was groundbreaking because it revealed that the celestial sphere was not as fixed as previously thought. Hipparchus' calculation of the precession rate was remarkably close to the modern value, estimating it at roughly 1Β° per century, which is only slightly different from the current
830:
An established school of thought is that an age is also influenced by the sign opposite to the one of the astrological age. Referring back to the precession of the
Equinoxes, as the Sun crosses one constellation in the Northern Hemisphere's spring Equinox (21 March), it will cross the opposite sign
1683:
The alternative approach is to apply a method commonly used in Vedic astrology but with long antecedents also in
Western astrology. This method also divides each astrological age into twelve sub-periods but the first sub-period for each sign is the same as the sign itself, then with the following
1014:
is concerned, one scholar of
Mithraism, David Ulansey, has interpreted Mithras as a personification of the force responsible for precession. He argues that the cult was a religious response to Hipparchus's discovery of precession, which β from the ancient geocentric perspective β amounted to the
854:
Hipparchus made this discovery while comparing his observations of the positions of stars with records from earlier astronomers, particularly those from
Babylon. He noticed that the positions of certain fixed stars had shifted relative to the equinoxes over time, an observation that could not be
821:
Many astrologers find ages too erratic based on either the vernal point moving through the randomly sized zodiacal constellations or sidereal zodiac and, instead, round all astrological ages to exactly 2000 years each. In this approach the ages are usually neatly aligned so that the Aries age is
1723:
Terry MacKinnell has developed an alternative approach to calibrating precession of the equinoxes to determine the Astrological Age. His major point of departure from the traditional modern approach is how he applies the vernal equinox to the zodiacal constellations. Instead of referring to the
1403:
This means the Sun crosses the equator at the vernal equinox moving backward against the fixed stars from one year to the next at the rate of one degree in seventy-two years, one constellation (on average) in about 2148 years, and the whole twelve signs in about 25,772 years, sometimes called a
1696:
Natural Order β The most common way is to arrange the sub-periods so that they go forward in the natural order. Therefore, if the Aries to Pisces method is adopted for example in the Aquarian Age, the first sub-period is Aries, followed by Taurus, Gemini and so on until the last sub-division β
1661:
Many research astrologers believe that the astrological ages can be divided into smaller sections along the lines of 'wheels within wheels'. The most common method is to divide each astrological ages into twelve sub-periods. There are two common ways of undertaking this process and two ways of
1387:
In graphical terms, the Earth behaves like a spinning top, and tops tend to wobble as they spin. The spin of the Earth is its daily (diurnal) rotation. The spinning Earth slowly wobbles over a period slightly less than 26,000 years. From our perspective on Earth, the stars are ever so slightly
1748:
Using this approach, the astrological ages arrive about half an age earlier compared to the common contemporary approach to calibrating precession based on modern mathematical techniques. Thus, MacKinnell has the Aquarian Age arriving in the 15th century while most astrologers have the Age of
1728:
constellation on the day of the vernal equinox. This approach is based on the ancient approach to astronomical observations (the same ancient period that also saw the invention of the zodiacal constellations) prior to the development of mathematical astronomy by the ancient Greeks in the 1st
1183:
Anno Mundi 6000 (approximately AD 500) was thus equated with the Second Coming of Christ and the end of the world. Since this date had already passed in the time of Dionysius, he therefore searched for a new end of the world at a later date. He was heavily influenced by ancient cosmology, in
1006:
Cumont's views are no longer followed. Today, the cult and its beliefs are recognized as a synthesis of late-classical Greco-Roman thought, with an astrological component even more astrology-centric than Roman beliefs generally were during the early Roman Empire. The details remain debated.
1188:
that places a strong emphasis on planetary conjunctions. This doctrine says that when all the planets were in conjunction that this cosmic event would mark the end of the world. Dionysius accurately calculated that this conjunction would occur in May AD 2000. Dionysius then applied another
879:
The recognition of precession had profound implications for astrology, particularly in the development of the concept of astrological ages. As the equinoxes precess through the zodiac, they mark the beginning and end of these ages, each lasting roughly 2,160 years, based on the 12 zodiacal
1090:
From this, Ulansey concludes that Mithraic iconography was an "astronomical code" whose secret was the existence of a new cosmic divinity, unknown to those outside the cult, whose fundamental attribute was his ability to shift the structure of the entire cosmos, and thereby to control the
708:
Definitive details on the astrological ages are lacking or disputed. The 20th-century British astrologer Charles Carter stated that "It is probable that there is no branch of Astrology upon which more nonsense has been poured forth than the doctrine of the precession of the equinoxes."
1072:β that is, the constellations that correspond to the animals depicted in the tauroctony β all lay on the celestial equator (the location of which is shifted by the precession) and thus had privileged positions in the sky during that epoch. Mithras himself represents the constellation
1091:
astrological forces believed at that time to determine human existence. That gave him the power to grant his devotees success during life and salvation after death (i.e., a safe journey through the planetary spheres and a subsequent immortal existence in the sphere of the stars).
1697:
Pisces. This is the approach made by Charles Carter. If the dwadasamsa sub-period is adopted they also progress in the natural order of the signs. For example, the twelve dwadasamsa of Aquarius are Aquarius, Pisces, Aries, Taurus, and so on, until the last dwadasamsa β Capricorn.
1436:
astrologers. Vedic astrologers do not have unanimity on the exact location in space of their sidereal zodiac. This is because the sidereal zodiac is superimposed upon the irregular zodiacal constellation, and there are no unambiguous boundaries of the zodiacal constellations.
1371:
The Earth, in addition to its diurnal (daily) rotation upon its axis and annual rotation around the Sun, incurs a precessional motion involving a slow periodic shift of the axis itself: approximately one degree every 72 years. This motion, which is caused mostly by the Moon's
1629:
indicates that he has collected over 90 dates provided by researchers for the start of the Age of Aquarius and these dates have a range of over 2,000 years commencing in the 15th century AD. The range of dates for the possible start of the Aquarian Age range from 1447 to
855:
explained by the prevailing astronomical models of his time. In his work, Hipparchus noted that the position of the vernal equinox had shifted by about 2Β° relative to the stars over the course of a century, which implied a slow, continuous motion of the celestial sphere.
1441:
3rd to 5th centuries AD, there is no consensus on any exact date or tight timeframe within these three centuries. A number of dates are proposed by various astronomers and even wider timeframes by astrologers. (For an alternative approach to calibrating precession, see
835:(the Virgin); so a few refer to the Piscean age as the 'Age of Pisces-Virgo'. Adopting this approach, the Age of Aquarius would become the Age of Aquarius-Leo. In his writings Ray Grasse also espouses the link between each sign of the zodiac and its opposite sign.
1740:
Each age is composed of 30 degrees, therefore, 15 degrees represents about half an age or about 1080 years. Based on the heliacal rising method, the Age of Aquarius arrived about 1,080 years earlier than the modern system. John H Rogers in part one of his paper
1714:
and the retrograde order of the astrological ages, there are alternative, esoteric, innovative, fringe and newly expressed ideas about the astrological ages which have not established credibility in the wider astrological community or among archaeoastronomers.
1167:
and astrological ages. Dionysius' desire to replace Diocletian years (Diocletian persecuted Christians) with a calendar based on the incarnation of Christ was to prevent people from believing the imminent end of the world. At the time it was believed that the
905:
school believed that the fixed stars first moved one way, then moved the other way β similar to a giant pendulum. It was believed that the 'swinging' stars first moved 8 degrees one direction, then reversed this 8 degrees travelling the other direction.
1115:
assumed a changing rate (trepidation) of one degree per 66 years. The tables of the Shah (Zij-i Shah) originate in the sixth century, but are lost, but many later Arabic and Persian astronomers and astrologers refer to them and also use this value.
1237:, he stated that in his time, the vernal point (zero degrees tropical Aries) was located at 2 degrees (sidereal) Pisces. This suggests that by whatever method of calculation he was employing, Pico expected the vernal point to shift into (sidereal)
1256:) determined the cause of precession and established the rate of precession at 1 degree per 72 years, very close to the best value measured today, thus demonstrating the magnitude of the error in the earlier value of 1 degree per century.
988:
of the Roman god Mithras. The near-total lack of written descriptions or scripture necessitates a reconstruction of beliefs and practices from the archaeological evidence, such as that found in Mithraic temples (in modern times called
1056:, a constellation of the zodiac. In the astrological age that preceded the time of Hipparchus, the vernal equinox had taken place when the Sun was in the constellation of Taurus, and during that previous epoch the constellations of
723:
state that it is impossible to state the exact date for the start of any astrological age and acknowledge that many astrologers believe the Age of Aquarius has arrived while many say the world is at the end of the Age of Pisces.
2928:
Rothwangl, Sepp (2010). "The Cosmological Circumstances and Results of the Anno Domini Invention: Anno Mundi 6000, Great Year, Precession, End of the World Calculations". In Tymieniecka, Anna-Teresa; Grandpierre, Attila (eds.).
1732:
Of all the key techniques used in ancient times, the most common in Babylon (most likely the source of astrology) and most other ancient cultures were based on phenomena that occurred close to the eastern or western horizons.
1652:
There is an expectation that the Aquarian Age will usher in a period of group consciousness. Marcia Moore and Mark Douglas write that the lighting up of the earth artificially by electricity is a sign of the Age of Aquarius.
1399:
appears to have applied around 127 BC when he calculated precession. Since each sign of the zodiac is composed of 30 degrees, each astrological age might be thought to last about 72 (years) Γ 30 (degrees) = about 2160 years.
764:
into twelve astrological ages. There are two popular methods. One method is to divide the Great Year into twelve astrological ages of approximately equal lengths of around 2156 years per age based on the
1180:. It was believed that based on the Anno Mundi calendar Jesus was born in the year 5500 (or 5500 years after the world was created) with the year 6000 of the Anno Mundi calendar marking the end of the world.
735:
says that much of the uncertainty related to the astrological ages is because many astrologers have a poor understanding of the meaning of the astrological symbolism and "even poorer historical knowledge".
1420:, and the tropical zodiac used by western astrologers basically align. Technically this is when the tropical and sidereal "first point in Aries" (Aries 0Β°) coincided. This alignment is often called the
1330:
Precessional movement as seen from 'outside' the celestial sphere. The rotation axis of the Earth describes over a period of about 25,800 years a small circle (blue) among the stars, centred on the
744:
Though so many issues are contentious or disputed, there are two aspects of the astrological ages that have virtually unanimous consensusβfirstly, the theorized link of the astrological ages to the
880:
constellations. The shift from one age to another is thought to bring about significant cultural and spiritual changes, a belief that has influenced astrological thought since antiquity.
1346:
is seen from outside constellations appear in mirror image. Also note that the daily rotation of the Earth around its axis is opposite to the precessional rotation. When the polar axis
808:
there are six pages listing researchers and their proposed dates for the start of the Age of Aquarius indicating that many researchers believe that each age commences at an exact date.
719:
expressed a similar opinion about the astrological ages. Spencer characterizes the concept as being "fuzzy", "speculative", and the least-defined area of astrological lore. Derek and
405:
Astrologers have been interested in relating world history to the astrological ages since the late 19th century; however, most astrologers study horoscopes, not astrological ages.
2909:
Rothwangl, Sepp (2003). "Consideration of the Origin of the Yearly Count in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars. Cosmology Through Time". In Giobbi, G.; Colafrancesco, S. (eds.).
1342:. The orange axis was the Earth's rotation axis 5000 years ago when it pointed to the star Thuban. The yellow axis, pointing to Polaris is the situation now. Note that when the
2911:
Cosmology Through Time: Ancient and Modern Cosmologies in the Mediterranean Area: Conference Proceedings, Astronomical Observatory of Rome, Monteporzio Catone, June 17β20, 2001
960:, professor of astrology at the University of Bologna in the early 14th century, continued to have faith in trepidation but believed it swung 10 degrees in either direction.
91:
1143:(973β1048), "al Canon al Masud" or "The MasΚΏΕ«dic Canon"; Arabic fixed star catalogue of 1 October 1112 (ed. Paul Kunitzsch); and "Libros del Saber de AstronomΓa" by
1029:: the image of Mithras killing a bull that was placed at the center of every Mithraic temple. In the standard tauroctony, Mithras and the bull are accompanied by a
944:
of 36,000 years rather than trepidation. However some scholars gave credence to both theories based on the addition of another sphere which is represented in the
752:; secondly, that, due to the nature of the precession of the equinoxes, the progression of the ages proceeds in reverse direction through the zodiacal signs.
332:
1745:
also states that using the ancient heliacal rising method compared to the (modern) solar method produces a result that is approximately 1,000 in advance.
777:. Another method is to significantly vary the duration of each astrological age based on the passage of the vernal equinox measured against the actual
1724:
position of the Sun at the vernal equinox (a 'modern' mathematical technique developed by the Greeks in the late 1st millennium BC), he refers to the
831:
in the spring Equinox in the Southern Hemisphere (21 September). For instance, the Age of Pisces is complemented by its opposite astrological sign of
402:
do not necessarily believe in astrology as a science, but rather study the cultural traditions of societies that did refer extensively to astrology.
1594:
examined the question of when the Age of Aquarius begins in an article published in 1992 by the Austrian Academy of Science: with the German title
144:
901:. One school believed that at 1 degree shift per 100 years, the sphere of fixed stars would return to its starting point after 36,000 years. The
1408:. However the length of the ages are decreasing with time as the rate of precession is increasing. Therefore, no two ages are of equal length.
1111:
was too slow, another rate of precession that was too fast also gained popularity in the 1st millennium AD. By the fourth century AD, Theon of
3180:
3161:
3126:
3107:
3069:
3033:
3014:
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2957:
2938:
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2783:
2761:
2678:
2659:
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2621:
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2583:
1291:
638:
108:
1605:
as concerning the Aquarian Age, are controversial on their own and cannot be called scientific because of the many esoteric elements.
876:
became the standard reference for astronomers for many centuries and solidified the concept of precession in the astronomical canon.
3088:
1313:
1662:
applying these sub-periods. Furthermore, some astrologers divide the ages in different ways. For example, David Williams employs a
784:
The method based on the zodiacal constellations has a flaw in that from the reckoning of classical-era astronomer/astrologers like
379:
Astrologers do not agree upon exact dates for the beginning or ending of the ages, with given dates varying by hundreds of years.
2457:, p. 57, the ancient Roman astrologer Manilius used dwadasamsa but called them dodecatemorion (sometimes 'duodecatemorion').
1561:
598:
781:. Each of those twelve sections of the Great Year can be called either an astrological age, Precessional Age, or a Great Month.
766:
325:
1710:
Due to the lack of consensus of almost all aspects of the astrological ages, except for the astrological ages relationship to
731:
that "there is considerable dispute over the exact starting and ending times for the different Great Ages." Paul Wright in
1253:
1218:
1003:. Cumont's continuity hypothesis led him to believe that the astrological component was a late and unimportant accretion.
1011:
949:
745:
1711:
1377:
1226:
1202:
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1100:
2211:
Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, "Astronomy and Civilization in the New Enlightenment: Passions of the Skies", Springer, p 96
1284:
1278:
376:
associated with that age, while other astrologers believe that astrological ages do not influence events in any way.
1127:
or "Star Tables Based on the Indian Calculation Method"(c. 800); "Tabulae probatae" or "az-Zig al-mumtan" (c. 830);
3200:
471:
318:
49:
372:
Some astrologers believe that during a given age, some events are directly caused or indirectly influenced by the
2816:
1572:, the edges of the 88 official constellations became defined in astronomical terms. The edge established between
1339:
720:
594:
1384:
at the time of the vernal equinox, measured against the background of fixed stars, gradually changes with time.
1295:
1233:
no longer existed in the constellation of Aries. Pico not only knew that the vernal point had shifted back into
353:, parallels major changes in the development of human society, culture, history, and politics. There are twelve
1577:
1549:
1238:
1807:
1073:
902:
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period, two schools of thought developed about the slow shift of the fixed sphere of stars as discovered by
778:
554:
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268:
205:
59:
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1234:
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computed the positions of the sun, moon, and planets relative to the fixed stars. The Italian astronomer
1765:
1351:
grid, 5000 years ago one intersection of equator and ecliptic, the vernal equinox was close to the star
1230:
1084:
1061:
985:
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273:
134:
96:
64:
995:), which were real or artificial caves representing the cosmos. Until the 1970s most scholars followed
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124:
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However this fiducial point is difficult to determine because while there is no ambiguity about the
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Babylonian Star-Lore: An Illustrated Guide to the Star-Lore and Constellations of Ancient Babylonia
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195:
103:
74:
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and he commented on the position of the vernal point in his day. Pico was aware of the effects of
796:
Many astrologers consider the entrance into a new astrological age a gradual transition called a "
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Rogers, John H. (1998). "Origins of the ancient constellations: I. The Mesopotamian traditions".
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In astrology, an astrological age has usually been defined by the constellation or superimposed
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of the fixed stars) was moving in a previously unknown way. Ulansey's analysis is based on the
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for calculating the period "Era of the Flood" dated as 3360 BCE or 259 years before the Indian
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The renowned Persian Jewish astronomer and astrologer Masha'Allah (c.740 β 815 CE) employed
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calendar theoretically commenced with the creation of the world based on information in the
1020:
953:
945:
872:(c. 150 CE), where he further refined and expanded upon Hipparchus' observations. Ptolemy's
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210:
185:
149:
79:
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Pingree, David (1972). "Precession and Trepidation in Indian Astronomy before A.D. 1200".
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published a massive attack on astrological predictions, but he did not object to all of
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432:
422:
301:
1729:
millennium BC. All ancient astronomical observations were based on visual techniques.
3194:
3145:
2384:
Haupt, Herman, "Der Beginn des Wassermannzeitalters, eine astronomische Frage?", 1992
1771:
1177:
590:
1432:
used by western astrologers, the same cannot be said of the sidereal zodiac used by
2812:
1795:
1619:
1493:
1433:
1249:
1169:
1160:
1120:
996:
917:
712:
670:
622:
562:
2867:
Pingree, David Edwin (1976). "The Recovery of early Greek astronomy from India".
1395:
in which the Sun actually appears at the vernal equinox. This is the method that
1172:
and end of the world would occur 500 years after the birth of Jesus. The current
697:
Predicted to feature humanitarianism and innovations in communication and travel
1569:
1453:
1132:
1080:
1057:
937:
417:
2888:
2859:
1692:
There are two ways of applying the above sub-periods to the astrological ages.
1783:
1405:
1396:
1364:
1185:
1173:
1128:
1112:
1104:
1049:
1025:
961:
941:
898:
894:
761:
582:
366:
1416:
Approximately every 26,000 years the zodiacal constellations, the associated
909:
Theon of Alexandria in the 4th century AD includes trepidation when he wrote
2724:
1449:
1421:
1352:
1222:
1206:
1140:
991:
981:
646:
634:
354:
350:
24:
369:, comprising 25,772 solar years, at the end of which another cycle begins.
32:
2931:
Astronomy and Civilization in the New Enlightenment: Passions of the Skies
2350:
976:
Hipparchus' discovery of precession of the equinoxes may have created the
412:
concept of the Age of Aquarius referring to major societal changes of the
1381:
1069:
928:
The significant early exponent of the 'circular 36,000' years method was
868:
862:
Hipparchus' findings were later documented by the Alexandrian astronomer
650:
626:
3044:
1622:'s interpretation states that the Age of Aquarius will begin in AD 2062.
387:
2371:
1749:
Aquarius arriving in the 27th century, almost 700 years in the future.
1519:
Heindel-Rosicrucian interpretation: began c. AD 498 and ends c. AD 2654
1502:
1498:
1373:
1108:
933:
929:
921:
674:
467:
31:
2701:
MacKinnell, Terry (2002b). "The Mysterious Zodiacal Constellations".
1663:
1565:
1136:
1000:
914:
431:
are biased, relying on widely varying dates for events and selective
358:
86:
1666:
sub-division whereby each age is divided into three equal sections.
1542:
1501:
carved with Greek letters into marble in the ancient Greek ruins of
1338:) and with an angular radius of about 23.4Β°: the angle known as the
2671:
Signs of the Times: Unlocking the Symbolic Language of World Events
1442:
16:
Time period in ancient historical and astrological theories of time
2714:
MacKinnell, Terry (JuneβJuly 2002). "A New Look at the Old Ages".
1492:
1475:
1325:
678:
586:
386:
2324:"Precession of the Earth's Axis β Wolfram Demonstrations Project"
1801:
1597:"Der Beginn des Wassermannzeitalters, eine astronomische Frage?"
1580:
locates the beginning of the Aquarian Age around the year 2600.
2673:. Charlottesville, Virginia: Hampton Roads Publishing Company.
936:
by later scholars, the Christian and Muslim astronomers of the
844:
Hipparchus and the discovery of the precession of the equinoxes
2795:
The Gnostic Circle: A Synthesis in the Harmonies of the Cosmos
1263:
395:
There are three broad perspectives on the astrological ages:
1155:
There exists evidence that the modern calendar developed by
999:
in identifying Mithras as a continuation of the Persian god
1977:
1975:
1938:
1936:
1516:
Neil Mann interpretation: began c. AD 1 and ends c. AD 2150
3154:
The Jesus Mysteries: Was the "Original Jesus" a Pagan God?
1241:
age 144 years later as a one degree shift takes 72 years.
3083:. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press.
1445:
in New, alternative, and fringe theories section below).
2754:
The Easter Computus and the Origins of the Christian Era
1834:
1832:
1675:
is based on the twelfth harmonic of the zodiacal signs.
1119:
These later astronomers-astrologers or sources include:
365:. One cycle of the twelve astrological ages is called a
2372:"Considerations About the Start of the Age of Aquarius"
1099:
Though the one degree per hundred years calculated for
416:, popularized in the 1967 musical (and subsequent 1979
3102:. Tempe, Arizona: American Federation of Astrologers.
2725:"W.B. Yeats and a Vision: The Astrological Great Year"
2525:
2523:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
585:
and the rise of its associated civilizations, such as
2124:
2122:
1048:
According to Ulansey, the tauroctony is a schematic
2688:MacKinnell, Terry (June 2001). "The Cusp of Ages".
1412:
First point of Aries alignment β the fiducial point
1159:in the 6th century AD commencing with the birth of
2988:Cosmos and Psyche: Intimations of a New World View
1899:
1897:
1895:
1768: β Relationship between astrology and science
1762: β Concept of time in the religion of Thelema
2578:. Bournemouth, Great Britain: Wessex Astrologer.
1217:The 15th century Italian Renaissance philosopher
3062:Julius Africanus und die Christliche Weltchronik
2490:
1641:Hermann Haupt interpretation: begins c. AD 2595.
859:measurement of approximately 1Β° every 72 years.
2898:Journal of the British Astronomical Association
1602:
3119:The Great Ages & Other Astrological Cycles
2718:. National Council for Geocosmic Research Inc.
1719:Alternative approach to calibrating precession
1443:Alternative approach to calibrating precession
2652:The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy
2614:Anno Domini: The Origins of the Christian Era
1688:Sub-period direction (forward or retrograde?)
326:
8:
3045:"Mithraism: The Cosmic Mysteries of Mithras"
2417:
2405:
2017:
1942:
1595:
733:The Great Ages and Other Astrological Cycles
2553:
1045:and two identical young men, with torches.
673:, Christianity (symbolised early on as the
2747:. York Harbor, Maine: Arcane Publications.
2514:
2502:
2478:
2346:
2344:
2224:
1981:
1209:, believed to have commenced in 3101 BCE.
333:
319:
20:
2351:A Rosicrucian Spiritual Astrology library
2264:
2260:
2248:
1616:Neil Mann interpretation: begins AD 2150.
1314:Learn how and when to remove this message
748:of the Earth and commonly referred to as
3175:. United Kingdom: Simon & Schuster.
3081:Viator: Medieval and Renaissance Studies
2429:
2365:
2363:
2236:
2220:
2144:
2101:
1812: β American documentary film series
1780: β Planets visible to the naked eye
1452:contemporary approach to precession, in
1277:This section includes a list of general
760:Astrologers use many ways to divide the
437:
2541:
2393:
2199:
2187:
2175:
2077:
2065:
2005:
1927:
1915:
1886:
1874:
1862:
1838:
1828:
1189:astronomical timing mechanism based on
1083:also contains two torch-bearing twins (
291:
218:
167:
116:
41:
23:
2635:. American Federation of Astrologers.
2595:An Introduction to Political Astrology
2529:
2466:
2441:
2288:
2156:
2128:
2089:
2053:
2041:
2029:
1993:
1966:
1954:
1850:
2743:Moore, Marcia; Douglas, Mark (1971).
2454:
2276:
2140:
2113:
1743:Origins of the ancient constellations
349:is a time period which, according to
7:
3100:Simplified Astronomy for Astrologers
2969:The Babylonian Theory of the Planets
2869:Journal for the History of Astronomy
2840:Journal for the History of Astronomy
1903:
952:in the 12th and 13th centuries. The
911:Small Commentary to the Handy Tables
391:The traditional western Zodiac signs
2793:Norelli-Bachelet, Patrizia (1994).
1380:in which the Sun's position on the
984:, a 1st β 4th century neo-Platonic
966:De revolutionibus orbium coelestium
932:and, due to the status placed upon
2821:Parkers' Encyclopedia of Astrology
1706:New, alternative, and fringe myths
1560:In 1928, at the Conference of the
1363:", meaning once in each c. 25800 (
1283:it lacks sufficient corresponding
450:Typical astrological associations
14:
1548:When the March equinox occurs in
1481:When the March equinox occurs in
1229:and knew that the first point of
756:Ages of equal or variable lengths
357:ages corresponding to the twelve
3064:(in German). Walter de Gruyter.
2304:. Fordham.edu. p. letter 17
1562:International Astronomical Union
1541:
1474:
1268:
1135:, al-Zij (c. 880); and al-Sufi,
826:Ages involving the opposite sign
2776:The Exact Sciences in Antiquity
2597:. Great Britain: L. N. Fowler.
1497:An early Christian inscription
1184:particular the doctrine of the
3028:. Princeton University Press.
3007:A History of Western Astrology
2971:. Princeton University Press.
2631:Ennis, Stephanie Jean (1983).
2302:"Internet History Sourcebooks"
1804: β Age or era in Hinduism
1798: β Late Roman solar deity
1774: β Theological discipline
1526:Age of Aquarius (Aquarian Age)
92:Traditions, types, and systems
1:
3121:. Edinburgh: Parlando Press.
2752:Mosshammer, Alden A. (2009).
2745:Astrology, the Divine Science
1792: β Global climate cycles
1219:Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
1213:Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
980:, colloquially also known as
913:. In the 5th century AD, the
817:Ages exactly 2,000 years each
2703:The International Astrologer
2576:The Book of World Horoscopes
1627:The Book of World Horoscopes
950:Toledo School of Translators
806:The Book of World Horoscopes
537:, beginning of urbanization
3024:Toomer, G. J., ed. (1998).
2952:. London: Victor Gollancz.
2756:. Oxford University Press.
2654:. Oxford University Press.
1712:precession of the equinoxes
1670:Aries to Pisces sub-periods
1636:Constellation boundary year
1465:Age of Pisces (Piscean Age)
1378:precession of the equinoxes
1227:precession of the equinoxes
1203:precession of the equinoxes
1191:precession of the equinoxes
1165:precession of the equinoxes
1101:precession of the equinoxes
750:precession of the equinoxes
3222:
2889:10.1177/002182867600700202
2860:10.1177/002182867200300104
2612:Declercq, Georges (2000).
2418:Moore & Douglas (1971)
2406:Moore & Douglas (1971)
2328:demonstrations.wolfram.com
2018:Moore & Douglas (1971)
1943:Parker & Parker (2009)
1529:
1163:at AD 1 was influenced by
581:Invention of writing, the
472:Settlement of the Americas
109:Astrological organizations
50:Worship of heavenly bodies
3079:White, Lynn, ed. (1970).
3060:Wallraff, Martin (2012).
2823:. London: Watkins Media.
2227:, pp. 254, 270, 328.
1340:obliquity of the ecliptic
964:refers to trepidation in
866:in his seminal work, the
595:Indus Valley civilization
3156:. Random House Digital.
3098:Williams, David (2009).
2986:Tarnas, Richard (2006).
2967:Swerdlow, N. M. (2014).
2933:. Springer Netherlands.
2593:Carter, Charles (1951).
2396:, pp. 485, 489β495.
1648:Astrological predictions
1583:The Austrian astronomer
3043:Ulansey, David (1991).
3005:Tester, S. Jim (1987).
2950:True as the Stars Above
2491:Norelli-Bachelet (1994)
1460:Present and future ages
1298:more precise citations.
1070:Scorpius (The Scorpion)
779:zodiacal constellations
717:True as the Stars Above
625:in India, onset of the
555:Pre-Pottery Neolithic C
535:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
515:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A
60:Astrology and astronomy
2948:Spencer, Neil (2000).
2778:. Dover Publications.
2716:NCGR Member Newsletter
2159:, pp. 161β2, 196.
1786: β Length of time
1679:Dwadasamsa sub-periods
1607:
1596:
1506:
1368:
468:Lascaux cave paintings
392:
36:
3171:White, Gavin (2008).
3117:Wright, Paul (2007).
3009:. The Boydell Press.
2650:Evans, James (1998).
1766:Astrology and science
1496:
1329:
1085:Cautes and Cautopates
1058:Canis Minor (The Dog)
1019:(i.e., the outermost
773:) moving through the
727:Ray Grasse states in
496:Pre-Pottery Neolithic
390:
97:Astrology and science
35:
2990:. New York: Viking.
2669:Grasse, Ray (2002).
2291:, pp. 209, 214.
1625:Nicholas Campion in
1376:, gives rise to the
1361:first point of Aries
1197:Mashallah ibn Athari
1145:Alfonso X of Castile
849:Hipparchus of Nicaea
492:Last Glacial Maximum
55:History of astrology
2881:1976JHA.....7..109P
2852:1972JHA.....3...27P
2723:Mann, Neil (2007).
2633:Decanates and Dwads
2544:, pp. 488β495.
2092:, pp. 113β127.
2068:, pp. 489β495.
1865:, pp. 480β495.
1790:Milankovitch cycles
1657:Sub-periods of ages
1611:Zodiacal 30 degrees
1511:Zodiacal 30 degrees
1448:As an example of a
1365:Great Sidereal Year
1260:Calculation aspects
1107:and promulgated by
1015:discovery that the
968:published in 1543.
704:Contentious aspects
643:classical antiquity
561:, beginning of the
517:and beginning of B
3026:Ptolemy's Almagest
2913:. Italy: Mimesis.
2554:MacKinnell (2002b)
2408:, Acknowledgments.
2355:Esoteric Christian
1507:
1369:
1095:Rate of precession
1066:Corvus (The Raven)
978:Mithraic Mysteries
893:In the early post-
740:Consensus approach
729:Signs of the Times
393:
220:Astrological signs
37:
3201:Astrological ages
3182:978-0-9559037-0-0
3163:978-0-609-80798-9
3128:978-0-9556514-0-3
3109:978-0-86690-172-7
3071:978-3-11-091688-1
3035:978-0-691-00260-6
3016:978-0-85115-446-6
2997:978-0-670-03292-1
2978:978-1-4008-6486-7
2959:978-0-575-06769-1
2940:978-90-481-9748-4
2920:978-88-8483-152-1
2830:978-1-905857-71-5
2804:978-0-87728-411-6
2785:978-0-486-22332-2
2763:978-0-19-172006-2
2680:978-1-57174-309-1
2661:978-0-19-509539-5
2642:978-0-86690-239-7
2623:978-2-503-51050-7
2604:978-0-85243-004-0
2585:978-1-902405-15-5
2572:Campion, Nicholas
2515:Neugebauer (1969)
2503:Neugebauer (1969)
2479:MacKinnell (2001)
2370:Rothwangl, Sepp.
2357:astrology library
2225:Mosshammer (2009)
1982:MacKinnell (2002)
1889:, pp. 124β5.
1853:, pp. 50β60.
1324:
1323:
1316:
1157:Dionysius Exiguus
1062:Hydra (The Snake)
715:in his 2000 book
701:
700:
635:Phoenician Empire
400:Archeoastronomers
374:astrological sign
363:western astrology
343:
342:
3213:
3186:
3167:
3132:
3113:
3094:
3075:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3039:
3020:
3001:
2982:
2963:
2944:
2924:
2905:
2892:
2863:
2834:
2808:
2789:
2772:Neugebauer, Otto
2767:
2748:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2719:
2710:
2697:
2684:
2665:
2646:
2627:
2608:
2589:
2557:
2551:
2545:
2539:
2533:
2527:
2518:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2494:
2488:
2482:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2451:
2445:
2444:, pp. 75β6.
2439:
2433:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2409:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2367:
2358:
2348:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2265:Rothwangl (2010)
2261:Rothwangl (2003)
2258:
2252:
2249:Rothwangl (2003)
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2218:
2212:
2209:
2203:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2138:
2132:
2126:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2003:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1890:
1884:
1878:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1778:Classical planet
1599:
1593:
1585:Hermann F. Haupt
1545:
1478:
1344:celestial sphere
1334:northpole (blue
1319:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1299:
1294:this section by
1285:inline citations
1272:
1271:
1264:
1021:celestial sphere
1012:axial precession
954:Alfonsine tables
948:produced by the
946:Alfonsine tables
864:Claudius Ptolemy
802:Nicholas Campion
786:Claudius Ptolemy
746:axial precession
438:
347:astrological age
335:
328:
321:
21:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3183:
3170:
3164:
3144:
3140:
3138:Further reading
3135:
3129:
3116:
3110:
3097:
3091:
3078:
3072:
3059:
3050:
3048:
3042:
3036:
3023:
3017:
3004:
2998:
2985:
2979:
2966:
2960:
2947:
2941:
2927:
2921:
2908:
2895:
2866:
2837:
2831:
2811:
2805:
2792:
2786:
2770:
2764:
2751:
2742:
2733:
2731:
2729:Yeatsvision.com
2722:
2713:
2700:
2690:The FAA Journal
2687:
2681:
2668:
2662:
2649:
2643:
2630:
2624:
2611:
2605:
2592:
2586:
2570:
2566:
2561:
2560:
2552:
2548:
2540:
2536:
2528:
2521:
2513:
2509:
2501:
2497:
2489:
2485:
2477:
2473:
2465:
2461:
2452:
2448:
2440:
2436:
2430:Williams (2009)
2428:
2424:
2416:
2412:
2404:
2400:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2368:
2361:
2349:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2307:
2305:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2287:
2283:
2275:
2271:
2259:
2255:
2247:
2243:
2237:Declercq (2000)
2235:
2231:
2221:Wallraff (2012)
2219:
2215:
2210:
2206:
2198:
2194:
2186:
2182:
2174:
2163:
2155:
2151:
2145:Swerdlow (2014)
2139:
2135:
2127:
2120:
2112:
2108:
2102:Swerdlow (2014)
2100:
2096:
2088:
2084:
2076:
2072:
2064:
2060:
2056:, pp. 7β8.
2052:
2048:
2040:
2036:
2028:
2024:
2016:
2012:
2004:
2000:
1992:
1988:
1980:
1973:
1965:
1961:
1953:
1949:
1941:
1934:
1926:
1922:
1914:
1910:
1902:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1873:
1869:
1861:
1857:
1849:
1845:
1837:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1755:
1726:heliacal rising
1721:
1708:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1659:
1650:
1587:
1558:
1534:
1532:Age of Aquarius
1528:
1491:
1467:
1462:
1430:tropical zodiac
1418:sidereal zodiac
1414:
1393:sidereal zodiac
1320:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1290:Please help to
1289:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1247:
1215:
1199:
1153:
1125:Zij al Sindhind
1097:
974:
891:
886:
884:Post-Hipparchus
846:
841:
828:
819:
814:
794:
792:Age transitions
775:sidereal zodiac
769:(also known as
758:
742:
706:
619:Akkadian Empire
597:, near-Eastern
494:, beginning of
385:
339:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3219:
3217:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3187:
3181:
3168:
3162:
3146:Freke, Timothy
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3127:
3114:
3108:
3095:
3089:
3076:
3070:
3057:
3040:
3034:
3021:
3015:
3002:
2996:
2983:
2977:
2964:
2958:
2945:
2939:
2925:
2919:
2906:
2893:
2864:
2835:
2829:
2809:
2803:
2797:. Aeon Books.
2790:
2784:
2768:
2762:
2749:
2740:
2720:
2711:
2698:
2685:
2679:
2666:
2660:
2647:
2641:
2628:
2622:
2609:
2603:
2590:
2584:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2546:
2542:Campion (2004)
2534:
2519:
2507:
2505:, p. 106.
2495:
2483:
2471:
2459:
2446:
2434:
2422:
2420:, p. 686.
2410:
2398:
2394:Campion (2004)
2386:
2377:
2359:
2340:
2315:
2293:
2281:
2279:, p. 149.
2269:
2253:
2241:
2229:
2213:
2204:
2200:Pingree (1976)
2192:
2188:Pingree (1972)
2180:
2176:Ulansey (1991)
2161:
2149:
2133:
2118:
2106:
2094:
2082:
2080:, p. 119.
2078:Spencer (2000)
2070:
2066:Campion (2004)
2058:
2046:
2034:
2032:, p. 263.
2022:
2020:, p. 676.
2010:
2008:, p. 489.
2006:Campion (2004)
1998:
1986:
1971:
1959:
1947:
1932:
1930:, p. 115.
1928:Spencer (2000)
1920:
1918:, p. 485.
1916:Campion (2004)
1908:
1891:
1887:Spencer (2000)
1879:
1877:, p. 117.
1875:Spencer (2000)
1867:
1863:Campion (2004)
1855:
1843:
1841:, p. 116.
1839:Spencer (2000)
1827:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1775:
1769:
1763:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1720:
1717:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1689:
1686:
1680:
1677:
1671:
1668:
1658:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1623:
1617:
1557:
1554:
1530:Main article:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1490:
1487:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1413:
1410:
1322:
1321:
1276:
1274:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1246:
1243:
1214:
1211:
1198:
1195:
1152:
1149:
1103:as defined by
1096:
1093:
1052:. The bull is
973:
970:
958:Cecco d'Ascoli
890:
887:
885:
882:
845:
842:
840:
837:
827:
824:
818:
815:
813:
812:Other opinions
810:
793:
790:
767:vernal equinox
757:
754:
741:
738:
705:
702:
699:
698:
695:
692:
689:
682:
681:
667:
664:
661:
654:
653:
639:Ancient Israel
631:Ancient Greece
615:
612:
609:
602:
601:
579:
576:
573:
566:
565:
559:Late Neolithic
552:
549:
546:
539:
538:
532:
529:
526:
519:
518:
512:
509:
506:
499:
498:
488:
485:
482:
475:
474:
465:
462:
459:
452:
451:
448:
445:
442:
433:cherry picking
428:
427:
406:
403:
384:
381:
359:zodiacal signs
341:
340:
338:
337:
330:
323:
315:
312:
311:
310:
309:
304:
296:
295:
289:
288:
287:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
223:
222:
216:
215:
214:
213:
211:Meteorological
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
170:
169:
165:
164:
163:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
119:
118:
114:
113:
112:
111:
106:
100:
99:
94:
89:
84:
83:
82:
77:
67:
62:
57:
52:
44:
43:
39:
38:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3218:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3184:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3165:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3130:
3124:
3120:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3101:
3096:
3092:
3090:0-520-01702-1
3086:
3082:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3063:
3058:
3046:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3027:
3022:
3018:
3012:
3008:
3003:
2999:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2980:
2974:
2970:
2965:
2961:
2955:
2951:
2946:
2942:
2936:
2932:
2926:
2922:
2916:
2912:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2817:Parker, Julia
2814:
2813:Parker, Derek
2810:
2806:
2800:
2796:
2791:
2787:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2759:
2755:
2750:
2746:
2741:
2730:
2726:
2721:
2717:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2686:
2682:
2676:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2653:
2648:
2644:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2619:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2596:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2555:
2550:
2547:
2543:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2530:Rogers (1998)
2526:
2524:
2520:
2517:, p. 98.
2516:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2499:
2496:
2492:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2472:
2469:, p. 76.
2468:
2467:Carter (1951)
2463:
2460:
2456:
2450:
2447:
2443:
2442:Carter (1951)
2438:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2423:
2419:
2414:
2411:
2407:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2390:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2373:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2303:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2289:Tester (1987)
2285:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2217:
2214:
2208:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2157:Tester (1987)
2153:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2129:Toomer (1998)
2125:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2110:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2095:
2091:
2090:Grasse (2002)
2086:
2083:
2079:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2054:Wright (2007)
2050:
2047:
2044:, p. 14.
2043:
2042:Grasse (2002)
2038:
2035:
2031:
2030:Grasse (2002)
2026:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1999:
1996:, p. 75.
1995:
1994:Carter (1951)
1990:
1987:
1984:, p. 10.
1983:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1967:Wright (2007)
1963:
1960:
1956:
1955:Grasse (2002)
1951:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1851:Tarnas (2006)
1847:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1772:Astrotheology
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1744:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1705:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1687:
1685:
1678:
1676:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1656:
1654:
1647:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1601:
1598:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1546:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1525:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1472:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1406:Platonic Year
1401:
1398:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1318:
1315:
1307:
1304:December 2023
1297:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1280:
1275:
1266:
1265:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1187:
1181:
1179:
1178:Old Testament
1175:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1150:
1148:
1147:(1252β1284).
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1017:entire cosmos
1013:
1008:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
993:
987:
983:
979:
971:
969:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
940:accepted the
939:
935:
931:
926:
923:
919:
916:
912:
907:
904:
900:
896:
888:
883:
881:
877:
875:
871:
870:
865:
860:
856:
852:
850:
843:
838:
836:
834:
825:
823:
816:
811:
809:
807:
803:
799:
791:
789:
787:
782:
780:
776:
772:
768:
763:
755:
753:
751:
747:
739:
737:
734:
730:
725:
722:
718:
714:
710:
703:
696:
693:
690:
688:
684:
683:
680:
676:
672:
668:
665:
662:
660:
656:
655:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
613:
610:
608:
604:
603:
600:
596:
592:
591:Ancient Egypt
588:
584:
580:
577:
574:
572:
568:
567:
564:
560:
556:
553:
550:
547:
545:
541:
540:
536:
533:
530:
527:
525:
521:
520:
516:
513:
510:
507:
505:
501:
500:
497:
493:
489:
486:
483:
481:
477:
476:
473:
469:
466:
463:
460:
458:
454:
453:
449:
446:
443:
440:
439:
436:
435:of evidence.
434:
425:
424:
419:
415:
411:
407:
404:
401:
398:
397:
396:
389:
382:
380:
377:
375:
370:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
336:
331:
329:
324:
322:
317:
316:
314:
313:
308:
305:
303:
300:
299:
298:
297:
294:
290:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
226:
225:
224:
221:
217:
212:
209:
207:
206:Psychological
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
173:
172:
171:
166:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
122:
121:
120:
115:
110:
107:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
93:
90:
88:
85:
81:
78:
76:
73:
72:
71:
68:
66:
63:
61:
58:
56:
53:
51:
48:
47:
46:
45:
40:
34:
30:
29:
26:
22:
19:
3172:
3153:
3150:Gandy, Peter
3118:
3099:
3080:
3061:
3049:. Retrieved
3025:
3006:
2987:
2968:
2949:
2930:
2910:
2901:
2897:
2872:
2868:
2846:(1): 27β35.
2843:
2839:
2820:
2794:
2775:
2753:
2744:
2734:11 September
2732:. Retrieved
2728:
2715:
2706:
2702:
2693:
2689:
2670:
2651:
2632:
2613:
2594:
2575:
2549:
2537:
2532:, p. 9.
2510:
2498:
2486:
2474:
2462:
2455:Ennis (1983)
2449:
2437:
2425:
2413:
2401:
2389:
2380:
2353:, a Western
2331:. Retrieved
2327:
2318:
2306:. Retrieved
2296:
2284:
2277:White (1970)
2272:
2256:
2244:
2232:
2216:
2207:
2195:
2183:
2152:
2141:Evans (1998)
2136:
2114:Evans (1998)
2109:
2097:
2085:
2073:
2061:
2049:
2037:
2025:
2013:
2001:
1989:
1969:, p. 8.
1962:
1957:, p. 5.
1950:
1945:, p. 3.
1923:
1911:
1882:
1870:
1858:
1846:
1808:
1796:Sol Invictus
1747:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1722:
1709:
1691:
1682:
1673:
1660:
1651:
1635:
1626:
1620:Dane Rudhyar
1610:
1603:
1582:
1559:
1547:
1535:
1510:
1480:
1468:
1447:
1439:
1427:
1415:
1402:
1390:
1386:
1370:
1347:
1335:
1310:
1301:
1282:
1250:Isaac Newton
1248:
1245:Isaac Newton
1216:
1200:
1182:
1170:Resurrection
1161:Jesus Christ
1154:
1121:Al-Khwarizmi
1118:
1098:
1089:
1078:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1016:
1009:
1005:
997:Franz Cumont
990:
986:mystery cult
975:
965:
927:
925:27 degrees.
920:philosopher
918:Neoplatonist
910:
908:
892:
878:
873:
867:
861:
857:
853:
847:
829:
820:
805:
795:
783:
771:vernal point
770:
759:
749:
743:
732:
728:
726:
721:Julia Parker
716:
713:Neil Spencer
711:
707:
671:Roman Empire
669:Rise of the
623:Vedic period
563:Chalcolithic
429:
421:
394:
378:
371:
355:astrological
346:
344:
18:
3047:. Mysterium
2709:(3): 29β33.
2696:(2): 33β42.
2616:. Brepols.
2564:Works cited
2333:10 February
1904:Mann (2007)
1588: [
1570:Netherlands
1536:Symbol for
1469:Symbol for
1454:Max Heindel
1296:introducing
1151:Anno Domini
1133:Albategnius
1081:iconography
938:Middle Ages
903:trepidation
889:Trepidation
490:End of the
410:pop-culture
269:Sagittarius
135:Hellenistic
104:Astrologers
3206:Precession
3195:Categories
2875:(2): 112.
1818:References
1784:Great Year
1556:Timeframes
1489:Timeframes
1397:Hipparchus
1279:references
1186:Great Year
1174:Anno Mundi
1139:(c. 965);
1129:Al-Battani
1113:Alexandria
1105:Hipparchus
1050:star chart
1026:tauroctony
1010:As far as
962:Copernicus
942:Great Year
899:Hipparchus
895:Hipparchus
762:Great Year
649:, rise of
599:bull cults
593:, and the
583:Bronze Age
444:Start Date
367:Great Year
201:Locational
181:Electional
125:Babylonian
117:Traditions
42:Background
3051:19 August
1823:Citations
1809:Zeitgeist
1564:(IAU) in
1425:the sky.
1353:Aldebaran
1348:precesses
1223:astrology
1207:Kali Yuga
1141:Al Biruni
982:Mithraism
972:Mithraism
647:Axial Age
508:10750 BCE
487:10750 BCE
484:13000 BCE
461:15150 BCE
351:astrology
274:Capricorn
196:Financial
80:Classical
25:Astrology
3152:(2001).
2819:(2009).
2774:(1969).
2574:(2004).
1753:See also
1664:decanate
1578:Aquarius
1550:Aquarius
1538:Aquarius
1505:, Turkey
1422:fiducial
1382:ecliptic
1332:ecliptic
1252:(1642 β
1239:Aquarius
1043:scorpion
992:mithraea
874:Almagest
869:Almagest
687:Aquarius
651:Buddhism
645:and the
627:Iron Age
611:2150 BCE
578:2150 BCE
575:4300 BCE
551:4300 BCE
548:6450 BCE
531:6450 BCE
528:8600 BCE
511:8600 BCE
464:13000 BC
447:End Date
383:Overview
279:Aquarius
168:Branches
75:Behenian
65:Glossary
2877:Bibcode
2848:Bibcode
2308:2 March
1503:Ephesus
1499:ichthys
1374:gravity
1292:improve
1254:1726β27
1109:Ptolemy
1074:Perseus
934:Ptolemy
930:Ptolemy
922:Proclus
839:History
691:2150 CE
685:Age of
677:), and
675:ichthys
666:2150 CE
657:Age of
605:Age of
569:Age of
542:Age of
522:Age of
502:Age of
478:Age of
455:Age of
293:Symbols
264:Scorpio
191:Medical
160:Western
155:Tibetan
145:Islamic
130:Chinese
70:Planets
3179:
3160:
3125:
3106:
3087:
3068:
3032:
3013:
2994:
2975:
2956:
2937:
2917:
2827:
2801:
2782:
2760:
2677:
2658:
2639:
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