685:
defile the marriage bed of others, but also those who were men lusted after one another, doing unseemly things, and not regarding or respecting their common nature, and though eager for children, they were convicted by having only an abortive offspring; but the conviction produced no advantage, since they were overcome by violent desire; and so by degrees, the men became accustomed to be treated like women, and in this way engendered among themselves the disease of females, and intolerable evil; for they not only, as to effeminacy and delicacy, became like women in their persons, but they also made their souls most ignoble, corrupting in this way the whole race of men, as far as depended on them.
1148:). Benedictus Levita's rationale was that the punishment of such acts was to protect all Christendom from divine punishments, such as natural disasters for carnal sins committed by individuals, but also for heresy, superstition, and paganism. Because his crucial demands for capital punishment had been so unheard of in ecclesiastical history previously, based upon the humane Christian concept of forgiveness and mercy, it took several centuries before Benedictus Levita's demands for legal reform began to take tangible shape within larger ecclesiastical initiatives.
877:
practices" "Now when the
Sodomites saw the young men to be of beautiful countenances, and this to an extraordinary degree, and that they took up their lodgings with Lot, they resolved themselves to enjoy these beautiful boys by force and violence; and when Lot exhorted them to sobriety, and not to offer any thing immodest to the strangers, but to have regard to their lodging in his house; and promised that if their inclinations could not be governed, he would expose his daughters to their lust, instead of these strangers; neither thus were they made ashamed." (
1109:
1375:
483:
1685:(Islamic law) defines sodomy outside marriage as adultery or fornication or both, and it thus attracts the same penalties as those crimes (flogging or death), although the exact punishment varies with schools and scholars. In practice, few modern Muslim countries have legal systems based fully on Shariah, and an increasing number of Muslims do not look to shariah but to the Quran itself for moral guidance. For sodomy within marriage, the majority of
4684:
1272:
1219:
895:
612:) "Behold, this was the guilt of your sister Sodom: she and her daughters had arrogance, abundant food and careless ease, but she did not help the poor and needy. Thus they were haughty and committed abominations before Me. (vss. 49–50, NASB) (The Hebrew for the word "thus" is the conjunction "ו" which is usually translated "and", therefore KJV, NIV, and CEV omit the word entirely.)
992:
33:
3443:– even when women resist sexual advances they are using it merely as a seductive device. On the other hand, patriarchal beliefs also dictate that women, in contrast to men, are naturally submissive and have little interest in sex, so men have a 'natural' right to sexual intercourse whether women want it or not.
3439:. Patriarchal attitudes relating to sexual behaviour are mixed and inconsistent. They include, on one hand, the idea that as part of their natural inferiority, women are less in control of their sex drives and are therefore essentially lustful, with a constant craving for sex. This belief leads to the
1297:
in London shows that the treatment of rape was often lenient, while the treatment of sodomy was often severe. However, the difficulty of proving that penetration and ejaculation had occurred meant that men were often convicted of the lesser charge of "assault with sodomitical intent", which was not a
1070:; novels no. 77 (dating 538) and no. 141 (dating 559) declared that Sodom's sin had been specifically same-sex activities and desire for them. He also linked "famines, earthquakes, and pestilences" upon cities as being due to "such crimes," during a time of recent earthquakes and other disasters (see
847:
and the surrounding cities, which likewise indulged in sexual immorality and pursued unnatural desire, serve as an example by undergoing a punishment of eternal fire" (v. 7, English
Standard Version). The phrase rendered "sexual immorality and unnatural desire" is translated "strange flesh" or "false
391:
While religion and the law have had a fundamental role in the historical definition and punishment of sodomy, sodomitical texts present considerable opportunities for ambiguity and interpretation. Sodomy is both a real occurrence and an imagined category. In the course of the eighteenth century, what
1606:
in the Hebrew Bible. Biblical scholars disagree on what "know" in this instance refers to, but most of conservative
Christianity interprets it to mean "sexual intercourse", while the opposing position interprets it to mean "interrogate". Lot's offering of his two virgins has been interpreted to mean
399:
an adequate and imaginative reading involves a series of intertextual interventions in which histories become stories, fabrications and reconstructions in lively debate with, and around, 'dominant' heterosexualities ... Deconstructing what we think we see may well involve reconstructing ourselves in
178:
to take refuge with his family for the night. The men of Sodom surround Lot's house and demand that he bring out the strangers so that they may "know" them (a euphemism for sexual intercourse). Lot protests that the messengers are his guests and offers the
Sodomites his virgin daughters instead, but
716:
I will therefore put you in remembrance, though ye once knew this, how that the Lord, having saved the people out of the land of Egypt, afterward destroyed them that believed not. And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains
2973:
a death sentence was being recorded, not carried out, so a prisoner could instead have been pardoned and freed ... the case of Thomas Silver, a 14-year-old she believed was sentenced to death for a homosexual act. Wolf said in the interview that she found several dozen similar 'executions'. A
1385:
As of
February 2024, 66 countries as well as three sub-national jurisdictions have laws criminalizing homosexuality. In 2006 that number was 92. Among these 66 countries, 44 of them criminalize not only male homosexuality but also female homosexuality. In 11 of them, homosexuality is punished with
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and the police lieutenant d'Argenson, as well as other sources, show that many who were arrested were exiled, sent to a regiment, or imprisoned in places (generally the hospital) associated with moral crimes (such as prostitution). Of these, a number were involved in prostitution or had approached
876:
narrative: "About this time the
Sodomites grew proud, on account of their riches and great wealth; they became unjust towards men, and impious towards God, in so much that they did not call to mind the advantages they received from him: they hated strangers, and abused themselves with Sodomitical
851:
One theory is that it is just a reference to the "strange flesh" of the intended rape victims, who were angels, not men. Countering this is traditional interpretation, which notes that the angels were sent to investigate an ongoing regional problem (Gn. 18) of fornication, and extraordinarily so,
684:
As men, being unable to bear discreetly a satiety of these things, get restive like cattle, and become stiff-necked, and discard the laws of nature, pursuing a great and intemperate indulgence of gluttony, and drinking, and unlawful connections; for not only did they go mad after other women, and
1700:
and the strong emphasis on virility leads some adolescents and unmarried young men to seek alternative sexual outlets to women, especially with males younger than themselves. Not all sodomy is homosexual – for some young men, heterosexual sodomy is considered better than vaginal
3355:
Many religions are based on teachings of peace, love, and tolerance, and thus, at least based on those specific teachings, these religions promote intergroup pro-sociality. However, evidence from studies of religion and social attitudes have paradoxically revealed that religion is typically a
1478:
Behold, this was the iniquity of thy sister Sodom, pride, fullness of bread, and abundance of idleness was in her and in her daughters, neither did she strengthen the hand of the poor and needy. And they were haughty, and committed abomination before me: therefore I took them away as I saw
1622:
denoting sex is in
Genesis (including once for premarital sex: Genesis 38:26), and in verse 8, sex is the obvious meaning. Its use in the parallel story in Judges 19 is also invoked in support of this meaning, with it otherwise providing the only instance of "knowing" someone by violence.
1508:, wrote: "According to our sages, they were notorious for every evil, but their fate was sealed for their persistence in not supporting the poor and the needy." His contemporary, Rabbenu Yonah, expresses the same view: "Scripture attributes their annihilation to their failure to practice
1652:
clearly disapproves of the sexual practices of the "people of Lot" ("What, of all creatures do ye come unto the males, and leave the wives your Lord created for you?"), only one passage has occasionally been interpreted as taking a particular legal position towards such activities:
1319:, even then a known "cruising area". But, as with much sexual behaviour under the Old Regime, discretion was a key concern on all sides (especially since members of prominent families were sometimes implicated); the law seemed most concerned with those who were the least discreet.
1314:
Periodicals of the time sometimes casually named known sodomites, and at one point, even suggested that sodomy was increasingly popular. This does not imply that sodomites necessarily lived in security – specific police agents, for instance, watched the
1311:
children, or otherwise gone beyond merely having homosexual relations. Ravaisson (a 19th-century writer who edited the
Bastille records) suggested that the authorities preferred to handle these cases discreetly, lest public punishments in effect publicize "this vice".
1074:). While adhering to the death penalty by beheading as punishment for homosexuality or adultery, Justinian's legal novels heralded a change in Roman legal paradigm in that he introduced a concept of not only secular but also divine punishment for homosexual behavior.
717:
under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. Even as Sodom and
Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire.
1131:(so for instance, even solitary masturbation and anal intercourse between a male and a female were covered), while among these, he still emphasized all interpersonal acts not taking place between human men and women, especially homosexuality.
1662:
opens some way for them (15). And as for the two who are guilty of indecency from among you, give them both a punishment; then if they repent and amend, turn aside from them; surely Allah is oft-returning (to mercy), the
Merciful.
2974:
newspaper report from the time, which Sweet presented to Wolf during the interview, shows that Silver was actually shown mercy because of his age ... the 14-year-old was in fact convicted of sexually assaulting a young child.
518:'s male guests. Some suggest the sinfulness for which Sodom was destroyed might have consisted mainly in the violation of obligations of hospitality, which were important for the original writers of the Biblical account. In
1575:
for the inhabitants of the land, who were before you, committed all of these abominations, and the land became defiled; otherwise the land will vomit you out for defiling it, as it vomited out the nation that was before
1657:
And as for those who are guilty of an indecency from among your women, call to witnesses against them four (witnesses) from among you; then if they bear witness confine them to the houses until death takes them away or
1305:
In 18th century France, sodomy was still theoretically a capital crime, and there are a handful of cases where sodomites were executed. However, in several of these, other crimes were involved as well. Records from the
3356:
predictor of intergroup anti-sociality, or in other words religion tends to predict most forms of prejudice. When conceptualizing religion in terms of self-reported categorical religious affiliation (i.e., Christian,
654:
And punishments came upon the sinners not without former signs by the force of thunders: for they suffered justly according to their own wickedness, insomuch as they used a more hard and hateful behavior toward
3360:, Jewish, etc.), religiously affiliated individuals tend to report more negative attitudes against a variety of social outgroups than individuals who are not religiously affiliated. ... In addition, most
1607:
that Lot is offering a compromise to assure the crowd that the two men have no untoward intentions in town, or that he is offering his virgins as a substitute for the men to "know" by sexual intercourse.
642:"; male shrine prostitutes may have served barren women in fertility rites rather than engaging in homosexual acts; this also applies to other instances of the word sodomite in the King James Version.
1163:
were not only persecuted for their heterodox beliefs, but were increasingly accused of fornication and sodomy. In 1307, accusations of sodomy and homosexuality were major charges levelled during the
131:
in many countries criminalized the behavior. In the Western world, many of these laws have been overturned or are routinely not enforced. A person who practices sodomy is sometimes referred to as a
1359:
Laws criminalizing sodomy rarely spell out precise sexual acts, but are typically understood by courts to include any sexual act deemed to be unnatural or immoral. Sodomy typically includes
179:
then they threaten to "do worse" with Lot than they would with his guests. Then the angels strike the Sodomites blind, "so that they wearied themselves to find the door". (Genesis 19:4–11,
1671:
scholar, Abu Muslim al-Isfahani, interpreted them as referring to homosexual relations. This view was widely rejected by medieval scholars, but has found some acceptance in modern times.
608:. "Yet you have not merely walked in their ways or done according to their abominations; but, as if that were too little, you acted more corruptly in all your conduct than they." (v. 47,
506:
was a city destroyed by God because of the evil of its inhabitants. No specific sin is given as the reason for God's great wrath. The story of Sodom's destruction – and of
649:, which is included in the Biblical canon by Orthodox and Catholics, makes reference to the story of Sodom, further emphasizing that their sin had been failing to practice hospitality:
383:
in Arabic) and a more literal interpretation of the word is "the practice of Lot", but more accurately it means "the practice of Lot's people" (the Sodomites) rather than Lot himself.
3661:
881:
1.11.1,3 – c. 96CE). His assessment goes beyond the Biblical data, though it is seen by conservatives as defining what manner of fornication (Jude 1:7) Sodom was given to.
219:
and is considered mildly offensive. (The word 'sod' also has a meaning of "(clump of) earth" with an unrelated etymology, in which sense it is rare but not offensive.)
4219:
1453:
sexual intercourse (all of which have been labeled as "sodomy" at various times), believing and teaching that such behaviors are forbidden because they are considered
4297:
1584:" refers to sexual misconduct, and that while homosexual acts were not the only reason Sodom and Gomorrah were condemned, it was a significant part of the picture.
1134:
Benedictus Levita prescribed capital punishment for sodomy. Burning had been part of the standard penalty for homosexual behavior, particularly common in Germanic
1681:'s sayings and deeds from those close to him in his lifetime) on the subject are inconsistent, with different writers interpreting the Prophet in different ways.
626:
as: "There shall be no whore of the daughters of Israel, nor a sodomite of the sons of Israel," but the word corresponding to "sodomite" in the Hebrew original,
1500:
Classical Jewish texts are seen by many as not stressing the homosexual aspect of the attitude of the inhabitants of Sodom as much as their cruelty and lack of
195:
were seen frequently in past Jewish, Christian, and Islamic civilizations, but the term has little modern usage outside Africa, Asia, and the United States.
2892:
2631:
280:
is commonly associated with consent and pleasure with regard to all involved parties and often avoids directly mentioning two common aspects of social
371:), is derived from the same source as in Western culture, with much the same connotations as English (referring to most sexual acts prohibited by the
4077:
3860:
3687:
1639:
by copulation with an undue sex, male with male, or female with female, as the Apostle states (Romans 1:27): and this is called the "vice of sodomy".
658:
For the Sodomites did not receive those, whom they knew not when they came: but these brought friends into bondage, that had well deserved of them. (
4085:
1591:, claim that this passage contradicts the traditional interpretation altogether. In their view, the sins of Sodom were related more to violation of
3281:
3243:
2752:"The Twelve Patriarchs, Excerpts and Epistles, The Clementia, Apocrypha, Decretals, Memoirs of Edessa and Syriac Documents, Remains of the First"
2722:"The Twelve Patriarchs, Excerpts and Epistles, The Clementia, Apocrypha, Decretals, Memoirs of Edessa and Syriac Documents, Remains of the First"
1138:(as according to Germanic folklore, sexual deviance and especially same-sex desire were caused by a form of malevolence or spiritual evil called
198:
These laws in the United States have been challenged and have sometimes been found unconstitutional or been replaced with different legislation.
4648:
1538:
And they called unto Lot, and said unto him, Where are the men which came in to thee this night? bring them out unto us, that we may know them.
526:, a city of the Benjamin tribe, is destroyed by the other tribes of Israel in revenge for a mob of its inhabitants raping and killing a woman.
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gives the only meaning of the word "bugger" as a sodomite "from the adherence of the Bulgarians to the Eastern Church considered heretical".
4260:
2437:
in legal contexts now typically refers to rape involving anal penetration (especially of minors). Sodomy is the more usual term in U.S. use.
272:), are used exclusively for penetrative anal sex, at least since the early 19th century. In those languages, the term is also often current
1610:
Those who oppose the interpretation of sexual intent toward Lot's guests point out that there are over 930 occurrences of the Hebrew word (
1338:
1326:; some 250 men were summoned before the authorities; 91 faced decrees of exile for not appearing. At least 60 men were sentenced to death.
3638:
3368:) contain dogmas in which their respective deity create mankind with individuals who are perfectly entrenched in the gender binary (e.g.,
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quotes a similar form: "bowgard" (and "bouguer"), but claims that the Bulgarians were heretics "as belonging to the Greek Church, sp.
4597:
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1371:. In practice, sodomy laws have rarely been enforced against heterosexual couples, and have mostly been used to target homosexuals.
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The traditional interpretation sees the primary sin of Sodom as being homosexual intercourse, connecting the Sodom narrative with
582:
2.9. Deuteronomy 32, Jeremiah 23.14, and Lamentations 4 reference the sinfulness of Sodom, but do not specify any particular sin.
514:
18–19. The connection between Sodom and homosexuality is derived from the described attempt by a mob of the city's people to rape
2812:
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804:
659:
392:
is identifiable as sodomy often becomes identified with effeminacy, for example, or in opposition to a discourse of manliness.
180:
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in the New Testament echoes the Genesis narrative and potentially adds the sexually immoral aspects of Sodom's sins: "just as
3533:
3014:
2990:
2398:
1725:
1667:
Most exegetes hold that these verses refer to illicit heterosexual relationships, although a minority view attributed to the
1240:
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2781:
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2172:
1298:
capital offence. Sodomy crimes in England could mean "sexually assaulting a young child", and could result in a sentence of
211:. It is a general-purpose insult term for anyone the speaker dislikes without specific reference to their sexual behaviour.
4289:
2800:
trans. in Derrick Sherwin Bailey, Homosexuality and the Western Christian Tradition, (London: Longmans, Green, 1955), 73–74
2256:
623:
3249:(13th ed.). Geneva, Switzerland: International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. Archived from
2190:
1027:
Homosexual intercourse between males was possibly denounced in pre-6th century Jewish and Christian writings, such as the
723:
619:
474:
is still commonly used in modern British English as an exclamation, while "buggery" is synonymous with the act of sodomy.
4505:
1580:
Some scholars, such as Per-Axel Sverker, align this passage with the traditional interpretation, claiming that the word "
456:
in 1330 where it is associated with "abominable heresy"; though the sexual sense of "bugger" is not recorded until 1555.
2346:
2051:
1697:
1164:
3093:
1833:
1614:) for "know" in the Hebrew Bible, and its use to denote sexual intercourse only occurs about a dozen times, and in the
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There is no explicit mention of any sexual sin in Ezekiel's summation and "abomination" is used to describe many sins.
276:(not just legal, unlike in other cultures) and a formal way of referring to any practice of anal penetration; the word
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4400:
3835:
3037:
2135:
1715:
1450:
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that of a homosexual nature, "out of the order of nature". "Strange" is understood to mean "outside the moral law", (
808:
609:
3277:"A systematic review of the relationship between religion and attitudes toward transgender and gender-variant people"
1571:, which lists various sexual crimes, which, according to verses 27 and 28, would result in the land being "defiled":
1530:. The idea that homosexual intercourse was involved as at least a part of the evil of Sodom arises from the story in
959:
857:
594:
4189:
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The Greek word in the New Testament from which the phrase is translated "giving themselves over to fornication", is
3949:
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769:
36:
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860:) while it is doubted that either Lot or the men of Sodom understood that the strangers were angels at the time.
824:
820:
812:
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635:
3372:), and thus religions might be instilling cisgender normativity into individuals who ascribe to their doctrines.
3227:
Since the laws had rarely been enforced against heterosexuals, there was no sense of urgency about their repeal.
2930:
2148:
Since the laws had rarely been enforced against heterosexuals, there was no sense of urgency about their repeal.
1422:
1098:("No. 143: On sinful vices due to which empires have crumbled, so that we shall do our best to beware of them")
853:
3462:
Mbuwayesango, Dora R. (2016) . "Part III: The Bible and Bodies – Sex and Sexuality in Biblical Narrative". In
938:
765:, a common word for "flesh", and usually refers to the physical body or the nature of man or of an ordinance.
773:
4012:
3475:
1693:(forbidden) provided the wife agrees; and (2) if the wife does not agree, then it is preferable to refrain.
1236:
800:
216:
816:
781:
4747:
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2850:. Critical Issues in World and International History. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 269.
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515:
490:
100:
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3531:(June 2003). Carey, Lindsay B. (ed.). "Religion and Sexuality: The Perversion of a Natural Marriage".
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protesting against homophobia, with a banner reading "Sodomize", on 11 October 2009 in Washington DC
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laws than sexual sins. This also coincides with traditional Jewish interpretations of these texts.
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provides a certain class of sin as causative of its destruction, the meaning of which is disputed.
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2956:"An Author Learned of a Mortifying Research Mistake Live on the Radio. Here's How Twitter Reacted"
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In the Christian expansion of the prophets, they further linked Sodom to the sins of impenitence (
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Gnuse, Robert K. (May 2015). "Seven Gay Texts: Biblical Passages Used to Condemn Homosexuality".
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in which The U.S. Supreme Court ruled 6–3 that sodomy laws are unconstitutional on June 26, 2003"
1988:
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510:'s failed attempt to intercede with God and prevent that destruction – appears in
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311:
171:
120:
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penetration, and female prostitutes report demand for anal penetration from their male clients.
1514:." Prohibitions on same-sex activities among men (#157) and bestiality (#155–156) are among the
1057:
texts. The first attested applications of the word "sodomy" to male homosexual intercourse were
3714:"Coming Apart at the Seams: Cross-dressing, Masculinity, and the Social Body in Late Antiquity"
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2007:
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4689:. Yoesuf Foundation Conference on Islam in the West and Homosexuality – Strategies for Action.
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1965:. Routledge Library Editions: History of Sexuality (1st ed.). New York City and London:
1958:
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with a right to leadership in family and public life. Such beliefs derive particularly from
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537:, writers use God's destruction of Sodom to demonstrate His awesome power. This happens in
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Sex, Death and Punishment: Attitudes to sex and sexuality in Britain since the Renaissance
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284:– human sexuality and the anus – without a shunning or archaic connotation to its use.
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it is not rendered sexually. Countering this is the argument that most of the uses of
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1992:
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1167:. Some of these charges were specifically directed at the Grand Master of the order,
750:
to denote whoredom (Genesis 38:24 and Exodus 34:15). Some modern translations as the
705:
701:
157:
3574:
952:
3369:
2751:
1568:
1523:
1457:, and further compared to or derived from the behavior of the alleged residents of
1434:
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with hereticism, satanism, and witchcraft was supported by the Inquisition trials.
1135:
1082:
1008:
680:(20 BCE – 50 CE), described the inhabitants of Sodom in an extra-biblical account:
575:
3861:"A thousand years ago, the Catholic Church paid little attention to homosexuality"
3299:
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in London on 27 November 1835 or 8 April 1835. They had been prosecuted under the
2787:
2606:
1808:
1096:
CXLIII. De sceleribus nefandis ob quae regna percussa sunt, ut penitus caveantur.
746:). As one word, it is not used elsewhere in the New Testament, but occurs in the
2264:
1730:
1592:
1505:
1501:
1342:
1323:
1218:
1179:
1160:
1061:
894:
777:
673:
564:
560:
538:
175:
3045:
585:
Specific sins which Sodom is linked to by the prophets of the Hebrew Bible are
4497:
3957:
3804:
3550:
3428:
3405:
2645:
1689:
interpreters hold that: (1) anal intercourse, while strongly disliked, is not
1686:
1615:
1531:
1519:
1410:
1354:
1294:
747:
601:
534:
431:
273:
203:
192:
136:
128:
32:
4461:
Rowson, Everett K. (2006). "Homosexuality". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.).
4120:
3973:
3965:
3938:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies (University of London)
3781:. In Talvacchia, Kathleen T.; Pettinger, Michael F.; Larrimore, Mark (eds.).
3755:
3615:
3607:
3558:
3308:
3275:
Campbell, Marianne; Hinton, Jordan D. X.; Anderson, Joel R. (February 2019).
1037:'s fourth homily on Romans and attributed to Sodom by the Jewish philosopher
4144:
4051:
4017:
3945:
3901:
3893:
3786:
3729:
3721:
3440:
3393:
3324:
2461:
The shape of practical theology: empowering ministry with theological praxis
2366:
2013:
1966:
1368:
1316:
1293:
An examination of trials for rape and sodomy during the 18th century at the
1280:
1186:
727:
579:
553:
446:
343:
296:
244:
104:
4394:
4043:
3936:(June 1999). "Homoeroticism and Homosexuality in Islam: A Review Article".
3342:
3210:
2341:
2127:
1329:
The last two Englishmen that were hanged for sodomy were executed in 1835.
1140:
372:
3662:"What are Religious Texts Really Saying about Gay and Transgender Rights?"
1974:
4181:
3716:. In Upson-Saia, Kristi; Daniel-Hughes, Carly; Batten, Alicia J. (eds.).
3175:
1915:
1759:
1678:
1555:(see discussion in the section below), which some translations (e.g. the
1510:
1438:
1364:
1360:
1307:
1172:
1127:
to all sexual acts not related to procreation that were therefore deemed
869:
586:
557:
549:
545:
96:
92:
27:
Anal or oral sex with people, any sex with an animal, non-procreative sex
3566:
1085:, fabricated under the pseudonym Benedictus Levita, referred to sodomy:
991:
3981:
2047:
Toward Stonewall: Homosexuality and Society in the Modern Western World
1682:
1243: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1156:
507:
435:
426:
305:
290:
261:
230:
17:
4675:
4128:
2419:
2363:
Secret Sexualities: A Sourcebook of 17th and 18th Century Writing
4256:
Why the Disagreement over the Biblical Witness on Homosexual Practice
3471:
3357:
1674:
1144:, rendering those people characterized by it as non-human fiends, as
999:
631:
542:
523:
410:
329:
317:
4008:"The Will Not to Know: Islamic Accommodations of Male Homosexuality"
3660:
Robinson, Gene; Krehely, Jeff; Steenland, Sally (December 8, 2010).
4634:
Tis Nature's Fault: Unauthorized Sexuality During the Enlightenment
4112:
207:, a noun or verb (to "sod off") used as an insult, is derived from
170:(chapters 18–20) tells how God destroyed the sinful cities of
4322:(Phillipsburg: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing, 1978), p. 32.
4182:"A History of Homophobia: 2 The Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah"
3812:
3747:
3501:
3423:
3365:
3316:
1710:
1659:
1649:
1406:
1373:
1270:
1113:
1107:
995:
990:
708:, references Sodom as a place of God's anger against sin, but the
677:
530:
481:
422:
295:
has no connotation of anal or oral sex and specifically refers to
281:
31:
4641:
Secret Sexualities: A Sourcebook of 17th and 18th Century Writing
3069:
Sex, Politics and Society: The Regulation of Sexuality Since 1800
2690:
Esler, Philip F. (Spring 2004). "The Sodom tradition in Romans".
4136:
1755:
1077:
Justinian's usage of the term was taken up around 850 CE by the
438:
2881:
1283:
in 1730, accusing ten men of "the abominable crime of sodomy" (
634::קדש), does not refer to Sodom, and has been translated in the
4498:"Chapter Three: The Islamic Sexual Morality (2) Its Structure"
2587:
Word pictures in the New Testament, Archibald Thomas Robertson
1454:
1212:
888:
784:
751:
590:
3688:"The Story of Sodom and Gomorrah was NOT About Homosexuality"
2208:
161:
72:
2487:
Who we are: our dignity as human: a neo-evangelical theology
1911:
Gay and Lesbian Rights: A Reference Handbook, Second Edition
3783:
Queer Christianities: Lived Religion in Transgressive Forms
761:
which almost always basically denotes "another/other", and
75:
4553:(University Of Chicago Press; 8th Edition. edition, 2005).
4279:(Hamden: Connecticut: Archon, 1975 reprint from 1955), 4–5
1425:
within the boundaries of marriage over all other forms of
430:
or "Bulgarian". The word was used describe members of the
66:
4013:
Islamic Homosexualities: Culture, History, and Literature
4700:
Islamic Homosexualities: Culture, History and Literature
4431:
Islamic Homosexualities: Culture, History and Literature
3886:"Applying Gender and Queer Theory to Pre-modern sources"
1793:"The Unexpected Actuality: "Deviance" and Transgression"
1189:
in Bulgaria led to the use of a term closely related to
848:
flesh", but it is not entirely clear what it refers to.
522:
19–21, there is an account, similar in many ways, where
4674:. Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies. Archived from
4650:
Sexuality and Eroticism among Males in Muslim Societies
4399:, II–II, Question 164, Article 11 – via newadvent.org.
1963:
Sin, Sickness and Sanity: A History of Sexual Attitudes
1696:
Despite the formal disapproval of religious authority,
1104:("No. 160: On the perpetrators of manifold evil deeds")
191:
In current usage the term is particularly used in law.
4332:
A Reformed Response to Daniel Helminiak's Gay Theology
3639:"Bishop Soto tells NACDLGM: 'Homosexuality is Sinful'"
2728:. Christian Classics Ethereal Library. ANF08.iii.xiv.
1754:
These sub-national jurisdictions are: the province of
3779:"Celibacy Was 'Queer': Rethinking Early Christianity"
3602:
on behalf of Biblical Theology Bulletin Inc.: 68–87.
2783:
Book of the Secrets of Enoch (Slavonic Apocalypse of)
1423:
penetrative vaginal intercourse between men and women
63:
4627:
Making Sex: Body and Gender from the Greeks to Freud
3457:
3455:
3453:
3451:
2758:. Christian Classics Ethereal Library. ANF08.iii.x.
1504:
to the "stranger". The 13th-century Jewish scholar,
69:
4671:
Liwat im Fiqh: Männliche Homosexualität?, Volume IV
60:
2810:Justinian I: Novel 77 (538) and Novel 141 (544 CE)
2711:. Commenting on the story of Sodom from Genesis 19
2418:
1598:The primary word in contention is the Hebrew word
1322:In 1730, there was a wave of sodomy trials in the
604:, a long comparison is made between Sodom and the
127:, was commonly restricted to homosexual anal sex.
4551:Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality
4277:Homosexuality and the Western Christian Tradition
3836:"A Modern Controversy Over Ancient Homosexuality"
2646:"CHURCH FATHERS: Homily 4 on Romans (Chrysostom)"
227:Many cognates in other languages, such as French
2786:. 10:4; in J recension Ch. I.118. Archived from
2575:Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown,
267:
259:
3523:
3521:
3519:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1655:
1637:
1573:
1536:
1476:
714:
682:
651:
452:The first use of the word "buggery" appears in
315:
215:is used as slang in the United Kingdom and the
174:. Two angels sent to the cities are invited by
156:, "sin of Sodom", which in turn comes from the
4429:. In Murray, Stephen O.; Roscoe, Will (eds.).
4296:. Chabad (Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidic movement).
4010:. In Murray, Stephen O.; Roscoe, Will (eds.).
2819:(Fordham Internet History Sourcebooks Project)
2528:The works of Philo a contemporary of Josephius
1629:gave a definition of the word "sodomy" in his
1522:in the 12th century; however, their source in
1175:were a libertine sect also accused of sodomy.
4683:Van Jivraj, Suhraiya; de Jong, Anisa (2001).
4622:(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998).
4620:The Invention of Sodomy in Christian Theology
1957:Bullough, Vern L.; Bullough, Bonnie (2019) .
1409:) have traditionally affirmed and endorsed a
1302:, i.e., not an actual death sentence at all.
1112:Monks accused of sodomy burned at the stake,
872:used the term "Sodomites" in summarizing the
395:In this regard Ian McCormick has argued that
366:
250:
242:
8:
4698:. In Stephen O. Murray; Will Roscoe (eds.).
3718:Dressing Judeans and Christians in Antiquity
3171:Gay and Lesbian Rights: A Reference Handbook
2896:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
2847:A History of Medieval Heresy and Inquisition
2329:Paragraph 175 StGB, version of June 28, 1935
2269:. Etymology: short for sodomite. Date: 1818.
1786:
1784:
1201:, meaning "of Bulgaria". The association of
415:
360:
354:
327:
303:
288:
236:
228:
4570:. World Congress of Muslim Philanthropists.
2490:, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, p. 296,
2179:. Archived from the original on 2012-09-16.
1284:
151:
4598:"Implied Cases for Muslim Same-Sex Unions"
4334:, by Derrick K. Olliff and Dewey H. Hodges
3892:(1st ed.). London and New York City:
3890:The Routledge Handbook of Islam and Gender
3720:(1st ed.). London and New York City:
2484:Jewett, Paul; Shuster, Marguerite (1996),
1092:("No. 21: On manifold disgraceful wrongs")
1041:(20 BCE – 50 CE) and the Christian bishop
458:The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology
4686:Muslim Moral Instruction on Homosexuality
4433:. New York University Press. p. 88.
4102:
3468:The Oxford Handbook of Biblical Narrative
3332:
3298:
2006:J. D. Douglas; Merrill C. Tenney (2011).
1259:Learn how and when to remove this message
979:Learn how and when to remove this message
4086:Journal of the American Oriental Society
3637:Gilbert, Kathleen (September 29, 2008).
2919:The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages
2577:Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
2281:Soanes, Catherine; Hawker, Sara (2005).
2080:
2078:
1461:. However, the status of LGBT people in
1182:were also largely connoted with sodomy.
1102:CLX. De patratoribus diversorum malorum.
757:The Greek words for "strange flesh" are
4483:
4481:
4465:. Vol. 2. Brill. pp. 444–445.
4415:Sura 26:165–167, quoted in Wafer, p. 88
3686:Modisane, Cameron (November 15, 2014).
3282:International Journal of Transgenderism
3237:
3235:
1780:
1747:
4647:Schmitt, Arno; Sofer, Jehoeda (1992).
4592:(London and New York: Routledge, 1994)
4567:Which Sex Education for Young Muslims?
4370:Sodom: Inhospitality or Homosexuality?
3007:"A history of London's Newgate prison"
2630:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2623:
2182:
2088:The Blackwell Companion to Criminology
2009:Zondervan Illustrated Bible Dictionary
1698:gender segregation in Muslim societies
915:Please improve this section by adding
795:) elsewhere is rendered in the KJV as
787:), and an overall "filthy" lifestyle (
4583:The Moral Vision of the New Testament
3484:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199967728.013.39
3390:Men and Sex: A Sexual Script Approach
2987:"The Dutch Purge of Homosexuals 1730"
728:Compare Jude 1:7 in multiple versions
487:The Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah
119:, which is derived from the story of
7:
4578:(William Collins and Sons Ltd, 1990)
4508:from the original on 16 October 2013
3130:Scheb, John; Scheb, John II (2013).
3071:. London: Longman Publishing Group.
3017:from the original on 4 November 2017
2833:. New York: Basic Books. p. 11.
1551:The verb "know" is understood to be
1339:Offences against the Person Act 1828
1241:adding citations to reliable sources
103:between a human and another animal (
41:Sodomites provoking the wrath of God
4357:Homosexuality and the Old Testament
4222:from the original on 13 August 2017
4026:10.18574/nyu/9780814761083.003.0004
2762:from the original on 31 August 2017
2732:from the original on 31 August 2017
2464:, InterVarsity Press, p. 267,
2261:Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary
1870:John Scheb; John Scheb, II (2013).
1090:XXI. De diversis malorum flagitiis.
355:
4643:. (London and New York: Routledge)
4636:(Cambridge University Press, 1988)
4212:"Tzedakah Activists Vs. Sodomites"
3364:(e.g., Judaism, Christianity, and
3242:Mendos, Lucas Ramón (March 2019).
1758:(Indonesia), Gaza (Palestine) and
1286:de verfoeyelyke Crimen van Sodomie
1209:Sodomy laws in 18th-century Europe
754:render it as "sexual immorality".
466:Third New International Dictionary
413:" is derived from the French term
400:surprising and unanticipated ways.
387:Religious and legal interpretation
25:
4696:"Mohammad and Male Homosexuality"
4629:(Harvard University Press, 1990).
4602:Islam and homosexuality, Volume 2
4427:"Muhammad and Male Homosexuality"
4300:from the original on 2 April 2015
4242:The Bible and Homosexual Practice
4078:"The Effeminates of Early Medina"
2961:The Chronicle of Higher Education
2555:Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible
2287:Compact Oxford English Dictionary
2237:from the original on 6 April 2018
2138:from the original on July 2, 2010
1587:Others, the earliest of whom was
1072:Extreme weather events of 535–536
4632:Maccubbin, Robert Purks (ed.), '
4192:from the original on 8 June 2017
3386:"Male Sexuality and Pornography"
2425:Oxford English Dictionary Online
1217:
1081:fabrications. Three Carolingian
893:
445:, as well as the related French
56:
4535:Dialmy, pp. 32, 35, footnote 34
2613:from the original on 2009-12-16
2156:(2003-03-24). "Unnatural Law".
1228:needs additional citations for
1185:Persecution of Cathars and the
4558:Homosexuality and Civilization
4320:Homosexuality: A Biblical View
3534:Journal of Religion and Health
3095:World of Criminal Justice: N–Z
2931:Crimes tried at the Old Bailey
2658:Commentary on the sin of Sodom
2458:Anderson, Ray Sherman (2001),
1835:World of Criminal Justice: N–Z
1726:Homosexuality and Christianity
1341:, which had replaced the 1533
1002:interview the sodomites, from
375:). Its direct reference is to
1:
4702:. New York University Press.
4596:Jahangir, Junaid bin (2010).
4345:The Church and the Homosexual
3834:Frost, Natasha (2018-03-02).
3300:10.1080/15532739.2018.1545149
2954:Zipporah Osei (24 May 2019).
2942:Proceedings of the Old Bailey
2160:. Vol. 228, no. 11.
1018:
917:secondary or tertiary sources
620:Authorized King James Version
147:The term is derived from the
91:, generally refers to either
4585:(London: Continuum). pg. 381
4543:General and cited references
4016:. New York City and London:
3785:. New York City and London:
3712:Doerfler, Maria E. (2016) .
3666:Center for American Progress
3244:"State-sponsored Homophobia"
3217:. Vol. 228, no. 11
2347:Ordbog over det danske Sprog
2263:. Main Entry. Archived from
2052:University of Virginia Press
1809:10.5040/9781474210683.ch-003
1165:Trial of the Knights Templar
107:). It may also mean any non-
4668:Schmitt, Arno (2001–2002).
4564:Dialmy, Abdessamad (2010).
4463:Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
3011:www.capitalpunishmentuk.org
2289:. Oxford University Press.
2044:Nicholas C. Edsall (2006).
1791:Sauer, Michelle M. (2015).
1716:The Bible and homosexuality
1279:, published in the city of
367:
361:
223:Cognates in other languages
111:sexual activity (including
4779:
4574:Davenport-Hines, Richard,
4526:Schmitt & Sofer, p. 36
4487:Jivraj & de Jong, p. 2
4290:"The Destruction of Sodom"
3950:Cambridge University Press
3888:. In Howe, Justine (ed.).
3591:Biblical Theology Bulletin
3398:Cambridge University Press
3133:Criminal Law and Procedure
3038:"Madeline Hunter –History"
2692:Biblical Theology Bulletin
1873:Criminal Law and Procedure
1797:Gender in Medieval Culture
1526:does not contain the word
1352:
1331:James Pratt and John Smith
1123:broadened the meaning for
1045:(260–311) and possible by
334:is rendered as "unnatural
287:In modern German the word
162:
4581:Hays, Richard B. (2004),
4095:American Oriental Society
3958:10.1017/S0041977X00016700
3777:Hunter, David G. (2015).
3406:10.1017/9781316874998.013
2907:Oxford English Dictionary
2831:The Guilt of the Templars
2385:Oxford English Dictionary
2189:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1557:New International Version
636:New International Version
409:The modern English word "
99:) between people, or any
4600:. In Samar Habib (ed.).
3884:Geissinger, Ash (2021).
3608:10.1177/0146107915577097
3092:Shirelle Phelps (2001).
2313:Origin: abbreviation of
1832:Shirelle Phelps (2001).
1421:, favouring exclusively
421:, that evolved from the
365:; Persian pronunciation
322:carries both senses. In
299:. The same goes for the
4728:by Prof. Eugene F. Rice
3902:10.4324/9781351256568-6
3730:10.4324/9781315578125-9
3551:10.1023/A:1023621612061
3476:Oxford University Press
3384:Graham, Philip (2017).
2893:Encyclopædia Britannica
2016:. pp. 1584 pages.
690:133–35; ET Jonge 422–23
359:(Arabic pronunciation:
353:, the word for sodomy,
340:someone of the same sex
193:Laws prohibiting sodomy
115:). Originally the term
95:(but occasionally also
4758:Sexuality and religion
4639:McCormick, Ian (ed.).
4216:www.shemayisrael.co.il
2680:33–34; ET Jonge 422–23
2565:Vincent's Word Studies
1736:Religion and sexuality
1665:
1641:
1589:Derrick Sherwin Bailey
1578:
1559:) make more explicit.
1549:
1498:
1382:
1290:
1285:
1117:
1024:
904:relies excessively on
732:
693:
665:
494:
416:
402:
328:
316:
304:
289:
268:
260:
251:
243:
237:
229:
152:
48:
4560:(Belknap Press, 2003)
4240:Robert A. J. Gagnon,
3649:on 30 September 2008.
3431:assert the 'natural'
3168:David Newton (2009).
2093:John Wiley & Sons
2085:Colin Sumner (2008).
1975:10.4324/9780429056659
1908:David Newton (2009).
1427:human sexual activity
1377:
1274:
1111:
1064:'s amendments to his
1053:, (354–430) and some
1030:Epistle to the Romans
1013:'s commentary on the
994:
868:The Jewish historian
502:In the Hebrew Bible,
485:
443:10th century Bulgaria
397:
45:Le Pot-Pourri de Loth
35:
4588:Goldberg, Jonathan,
3896:. pp. 101–115.
3478:. pp. 456–465.
3400:. pp. 250–251.
3291:Taylor & Francis
3067:Weeks, Jeff (1981).
2844:Deane, J.K. (2022).
2365:. London; New York:
2095:. pp. 310–320.
1401:, Christianity, the
1237:improve this article
1197:derives from French
1153:Medieval Inquisition
1067:Corpus iuris civilis
1043:Methodius of Olympus
885:Medieval Christendom
772:), careless living (
676:Jewish philosopher,
153:peccatum Sodomiticum
149:Ecclesiastical Latin
4694:Wafer, Jim (1997).
4504:. 18 October 2012.
4425:Wafer, Jim (1997).
4372:, Apologetics Press
4359:, P. Michael Ukleja
3474:and New York City:
3437:Abrahamic religions
3429:Patriarchal beliefs
3396:and New York City:
3362:Abrahamic religions
3256:on 22 December 2019
3048:on 20 November 2012
2921:(2010), p. 809
2829:Legman, G. (1966).
1801:Bloomsbury Academic
1553:a euphemism for sex
1395:Abrahamic religions
1390:Abrahamic religions
1386:the death penalty.
805:2 Corinthians 12:21
4763:Sodom and Gomorrah
4403:2020-09-28 at the
4381:James B. DeYoung,
4263:2008-05-12 at the
4186:rictornorton.co.uk
4074:Rowson, Everett K.
4020:. pp. 14–54.
4004:Murray, Stephen O.
3789:. pp. 13–24.
3724:. pp. 37–51.
3433:superiority of men
3042:madelinehunter.com
3036:Hunter, Madeline.
2993:2012-05-18 at the
2936:2017-06-02 at the
2815:2019-03-31 at the
2705:Augustine of Hippo
2533:2016-01-19 at the
2448:Boswell, pp. 92–98
2126:(March 24, 2003).
1969:. pp. 24–40.
1803:. pp. 74–78.
1463:early Christianity
1459:Sodom and Gomorrah
1383:
1349:Modern sodomy laws
1291:
1178:The early-modern
1118:
1051:Augustine of Hippo
1025:
845:Sodom and Gomorrah
529:Many times in the
495:
172:Sodom and Gomorrah
121:Sodom and Gomorrah
49:
4709:978-0-8147-7468-7
4660:978-1-56024-047-1
4653:. Haworth Press.
4625:Laqueur, Thomas,
4618:Jordan, Mark D.,
4611:978-0-313-37905-5
4556:Crompton, Louis,
4440:978-0-8147-7468-7
4162:on 1 October 2008
4035:978-0-8147-7468-7
3934:Schmidtke, Sabine
3911:978-1-351-25656-8
3796:978-1-4798-5181-2
3739:978-0-367-87933-4
3600:SAGE Publications
3529:Leeming, David A.
3493:978-0-19-996772-8
3415:978-1-107-18393-3
3209:(24 March 2003).
3185:978-1-59884-307-1
3147:978-1-285-54613-1
2857:978-1-5381-5295-9
2511:"Wisdom 19:13–14"
2497:978-0-8028-4075-2
2471:978-0-8308-1559-3
2369:. pp. 9, 11.
2296:978-0-19-861022-9
2225:Lawrence v. Texas
2102:978-0-470-99895-3
2023:978-0-310-49235-1
1984:978-0-429-05663-5
1959:""Unnatural Sex""
1925:978-1-59884-307-1
1887:978-1-285-54613-1
1818:978-1-4411-2160-8
1742:Explanatory notes
1417:approach towards
1397:(namely Judaism,
1333:died in front of
1269:
1268:
1261:
1155:, sects like the
1121:Benedictus Levita
1055:pseudepigraphacal
989:
988:
981:
963:
640:shrine prostitute
624:Deuteronomy 23:17
187:In modern English
16:(Redirected from
4770:
4713:
4690:
4679:
4664:
4615:
4590:Reclaiming Sodom
4571:
4536:
4533:
4527:
4524:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4513:
4494:
4488:
4485:
4476:
4473:
4467:
4466:
4458:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4422:
4416:
4413:
4407:
4396:Summa Theologica
4392:
4386:
4379:
4373:
4366:
4360:
4354:
4348:
4343:John J. McNeil,
4341:
4335:
4329:
4323:
4316:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4305:
4286:
4280:
4275:Derrick Bailey,
4273:
4267:
4251:
4245:
4238:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4227:
4208:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4197:
4178:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4161:
4155:. Archived from
4106:
4082:
4076:(October 1991).
4070:
4064:
4063:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3930:
3924:
3923:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3865:The Conversation
3856:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3683:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3645:. Archived from
3634:
3628:
3627:
3585:
3579:
3578:
3525:
3514:
3513:
3464:Fewell, Danna N.
3459:
3446:
3445:
3381:
3375:
3374:
3336:
3302:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3255:
3248:
3239:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3222:
3215:The New Republic
3207:Sullivan, Andrew
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3174:(2nd ed.).
3165:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3138:Cengage Learning
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3044:. Archived from
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3003:
2997:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2970:
2968:
2951:
2945:
2928:
2922:
2915:
2909:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2885:
2883:"Templars"
2874:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2826:
2820:
2807:
2801:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2718:
2712:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2687:
2681:
2678:
2672:
2665:
2659:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2629:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2588:
2585:
2579:
2573:
2567:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2547:
2544:
2538:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2432:
2422:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2403:. Archived from
2400:Bogomilism Study
2395:
2389:
2388:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2361:McCormick, Ian.
2358:
2352:
2351:
2338:
2332:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2310:
2308:
2299:. Archived from
2278:
2272:
2271:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2207:. Archived from
2201:
2195:
2194:
2188:
2180:
2169:
2163:
2161:
2158:The New Republic
2154:Sullivan, Andrew
2150:
2145:
2143:
2132:The New Republic
2124:Sullivan, Andrew
2120:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2082:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2054:. pp. 3–4.
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1954:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1878:Cengage Learning
1867:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1788:
1763:
1752:
1632:Summa Theologica
1547:
1516:613 commandments
1496:
1489:Ezekiel 16:49–50
1451:non-heterosexual
1379:Queer anarchists
1288:
1264:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1244:
1221:
1213:
1169:Jacques de Molay
1079:Pseudo-Isidorian
1047:Flavius Josephus
1023:
1020:
1012:
984:
977:
973:
970:
964:
962:
921:
897:
889:
730:
691:
606:kingdom of Judah
419:
370:
364:
358:
357:
336:carnal knowledge
333:
321:
309:
294:
271:
265:
254:
248:
240:
234:
165:
164:
155:
82:
81:
78:
77:
74:
71:
68:
65:
62:
21:
4778:
4777:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4768:
4767:
4733:
4732:
4721:
4716:
4710:
4693:
4682:
4667:
4661:
4646:
4612:
4595:
4563:
4549:Boswell, John,
4545:
4540:
4539:
4534:
4530:
4525:
4521:
4511:
4509:
4496:
4495:
4491:
4486:
4479:
4474:
4470:
4460:
4459:
4455:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4414:
4410:
4405:Wayback Machine
4393:
4389:
4380:
4376:
4367:
4363:
4355:
4351:
4342:
4338:
4330:
4326:
4317:
4313:
4303:
4301:
4288:
4287:
4283:
4274:
4270:
4265:Wayback Machine
4252:
4248:
4239:
4235:
4225:
4223:
4210:
4209:
4205:
4195:
4193:
4180:
4179:
4175:
4165:
4163:
4159:
4104:10.1.1.693.1504
4080:
4072:
4071:
4067:
4036:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3912:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3869:
3867:
3859:McClain, Lisa.
3858:
3857:
3853:
3844:
3842:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3797:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3740:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3696:
3694:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3670:
3668:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3643:Catholic Online
3636:
3635:
3631:
3587:
3586:
3582:
3543:Springer Verlag
3527:
3526:
3517:
3494:
3461:
3460:
3449:
3416:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3246:
3241:
3240:
3233:
3220:
3218:
3211:"Unnatural Law"
3205:
3204:
3200:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3140:. p. 185.
3129:
3128:
3124:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3102:. p. 686.
3091:
3090:
3086:
3079:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3051:
3049:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3020:
3018:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2995:Wayback Machine
2985:Rictor Norton,
2984:
2980:
2966:
2964:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2938:Wayback Machine
2929:
2925:
2916:
2912:
2905:
2901:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2817:Wayback Machine
2808:
2804:
2799:
2795:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2765:
2763:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2735:
2733:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2703:
2699:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2679:
2675:
2666:
2662:
2657:
2653:
2644:
2643:
2639:
2622:
2616:
2614:
2607:"Archived copy"
2605:
2604:
2600:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2582:
2574:
2570:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2545:
2541:
2535:Wayback Machine
2526:
2522:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2472:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2447:
2443:
2430:
2428:
2427:. December 2021
2417:
2416:
2412:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2326:
2322:
2306:
2304:
2303:on May 17, 2008
2297:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2267:on 2009-04-22.
2255:
2254:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2181:
2177:myetymology.com
2171:
2170:
2166:
2152:
2141:
2139:
2128:"Unnatural Law"
2122:
2121:
2117:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2084:
2083:
2076:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1985:
1956:
1955:
1940:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1880:. p. 185.
1869:
1868:
1864:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1842:. p. 686.
1831:
1830:
1826:
1819:
1790:
1789:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1766:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1707:
1646:
1565:
1548:
1542:
1497:
1487:
1475:
1447:non-penetrative
1419:human sexuality
1415:heteronormative
1392:
1357:
1351:
1265:
1254:
1248:
1245:
1234:
1222:
1211:
1035:John Chrysostom
1021:
1006:
985:
974:
968:
965:
922:
920:
914:
910:primary sources
898:
887:
866:
841:Epistle of Jude
837:
835:Epistle of Jude
791:), which word (
731:
726:
721:
710:Epistle of Jude
698:
692:
689:
670:
664:
657:
656:
500:
480:
441:originating in
407:
389:
225:
189:
145:
125:Book of Genesis
101:sexual activity
89:British English
83:), also called
59:
55:
37:François Elluin
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4776:
4774:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4735:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4720:
4719:External links
4717:
4715:
4714:
4708:
4691:
4680:
4678:on 2011-09-06.
4665:
4659:
4644:
4637:
4630:
4623:
4616:
4610:
4593:
4586:
4579:
4572:
4561:
4554:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4528:
4519:
4489:
4477:
4468:
4453:
4439:
4417:
4408:
4387:
4374:
4361:
4349:
4336:
4324:
4318:Greg Bahnsen,
4311:
4281:
4268:
4246:
4233:
4203:
4173:
4113:10.2307/603399
4065:
4034:
3995:
3925:
3910:
3876:
3851:
3826:
3805:j.ctt13x0q0q.6
3795:
3769:
3738:
3704:
3678:
3652:
3629:
3580:
3515:
3492:
3447:
3414:
3376:
3267:
3231:
3198:
3184:
3178:. p. 85.
3160:
3146:
3122:
3108:
3084:
3077:
3059:
3028:
2998:
2978:
2946:
2923:
2910:
2899:
2888:Chisholm, Hugh
2869:
2856:
2836:
2821:
2802:
2793:
2790:on 2009-02-27.
2773:
2743:
2713:
2697:
2682:
2673:
2660:
2651:
2637:
2598:
2589:
2580:
2568:
2557:
2548:
2546:Boswell, p. 97
2539:
2520:
2502:
2496:
2476:
2470:
2450:
2441:
2410:
2407:on 2015-08-10.
2390:
2372:
2353:
2333:
2320:
2295:
2273:
2248:
2214:
2211:on 2007-07-04.
2196:
2164:
2115:
2101:
2074:
2060:
2036:
2022:
1998:
1983:
1938:
1924:
1918:. p. 85.
1900:
1886:
1862:
1848:
1824:
1817:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1706:
1703:
1645:
1642:
1627:Thomas Aquinas
1564:
1561:
1544:Genesis 19:4–7
1540:
1485:
1474:
1471:
1391:
1388:
1353:Main article:
1350:
1347:
1335:Newgate Prison
1300:death recorded
1267:
1266:
1225:
1223:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1129:counter nature
1106:
1105:
1099:
1093:
987:
986:
901:
899:
892:
886:
883:
865:
862:
836:
833:
809:Ephesians 4:19
797:lasciviousness
719:
697:
694:
687:
669:
666:
652:
647:Book of Wisdom
595:Jeremiah 23:14
499:
496:
479:
476:
454:Middle English
406:
403:
388:
385:
349:In Arabic and
342:or (now) with
224:
221:
188:
185:
144:
141:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4775:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4748:LGBTQ history
4746:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4729:
4727:
4723:
4722:
4718:
4711:
4705:
4701:
4697:
4692:
4688:
4687:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4672:
4666:
4662:
4656:
4652:
4651:
4645:
4642:
4638:
4635:
4631:
4628:
4624:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4607:
4603:
4599:
4594:
4591:
4587:
4584:
4580:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4568:
4562:
4559:
4555:
4552:
4548:
4547:
4542:
4532:
4529:
4523:
4520:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4493:
4490:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4472:
4469:
4464:
4457:
4454:
4442:
4436:
4432:
4428:
4421:
4418:
4412:
4409:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4397:
4391:
4388:
4385:, pp. 118–122
4384:
4383:Homosexuality
4378:
4375:
4371:
4368:Dave Miller,
4365:
4362:
4358:
4353:
4350:
4346:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4315:
4312:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4285:
4282:
4278:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4250:
4247:
4243:
4237:
4234:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4207:
4204:
4191:
4187:
4183:
4177:
4174:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4087:
4079:
4075:
4069:
4066:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4014:
4009:
4005:
3999:
3996:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3929:
3926:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3880:
3877:
3866:
3862:
3855:
3852:
3841:
3840:Atlas Obscura
3837:
3830:
3827:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3773:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3708:
3705:
3693:
3689:
3682:
3679:
3667:
3663:
3656:
3653:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3633:
3630:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3592:
3584:
3581:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3442:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3387:
3380:
3377:
3373:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3271:
3268:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3202:
3199:
3187:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3172:
3164:
3161:
3149:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3126:
3123:
3111:
3109:0-7876-5073-0
3105:
3101:
3097:
3096:
3088:
3085:
3080:
3078:0-582-48334-4
3074:
3070:
3063:
3060:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3032:
3029:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2975:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2932:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2903:
2900:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2859:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2840:
2837:
2832:
2825:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2811:
2806:
2803:
2797:
2794:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2777:
2774:
2761:
2757:
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2661:
2655:
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2638:
2633:
2627:
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2608:
2602:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2572:
2569:
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2552:
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2524:
2521:
2516:
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2506:
2503:
2499:
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2489:
2488:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2454:
2451:
2445:
2442:
2438:
2426:
2421:
2420:"buggery, n."
2414:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2394:
2391:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2368:
2364:
2357:
2354:
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2348:
2343:
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2317:
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2302:
2298:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2226:
2218:
2215:
2210:
2206:
2205:"sodomy laws"
2200:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2178:
2174:
2168:
2165:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2119:
2116:
2108:September 21,
2104:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2081:
2079:
2075:
2067:September 21,
2063:
2061:0-8139-2543-6
2057:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2040:
2037:
2029:September 21,
2025:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2002:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1927:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1904:
1901:
1889:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1874:
1866:
1863:
1851:
1849:0-7876-5073-0
1845:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1828:
1825:
1820:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
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1761:
1757:
1751:
1748:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1721:Female sodomy
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1654:
1651:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1635:. He wrote:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1594:
1590:
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1570:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1545:
1539:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1518:as listed by
1517:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1494:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1431:autoeroticism
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1387:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1356:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1320:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1301:
1296:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1277:wanted poster
1273:
1263:
1260:
1252:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1226:This section
1224:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1110:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1031:
1016:
1010:
1005:
1004:Guido da Pisa
1001:
997:
993:
983:
980:
972:
961:
958:
954:
951:
947:
944:
940:
937:
933:
930: –
929:
925:
924:Find sources:
918:
912:
911:
907:
902:This section
900:
896:
891:
890:
884:
882:
880:
875:
871:
863:
861:
859:
858:Galatians 1:6
855:
849:
846:
842:
834:
832:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
783:
779:
775:
771:
770:Matthew 11:23
766:
764:
760:
755:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
729:
725:
718:
713:
711:
707:
706:Old Testament
703:
702:New Testament
696:New Testament
695:
686:
681:
679:
675:
667:
663:
661:
650:
648:
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
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616:
613:
611:
607:
603:
598:
596:
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588:
583:
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517:
513:
509:
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497:
492:
488:
484:
477:
475:
473:
469:
467:
464:". Webster's
463:
459:
455:
450:
448:
444:
440:
437:
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429:
428:
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418:
412:
404:
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308:
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214:
210:
206:
205:
199:
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186:
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177:
173:
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159:
158:Ancient Greek
154:
150:
142:
140:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
80:
53:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
4725:
4699:
4685:
4676:the original
4670:
4649:
4640:
4633:
4626:
4619:
4604:. ABC-CLIO.
4601:
4589:
4582:
4575:
4566:
4557:
4550:
4531:
4522:
4510:. Retrieved
4502:Al-Islam.org
4501:
4492:
4475:Wafer, p. 89
4471:
4462:
4456:
4444:. Retrieved
4430:
4420:
4411:
4395:
4390:
4382:
4377:
4369:
4364:
4356:
4352:
4344:
4339:
4331:
4327:
4319:
4314:
4302:. Retrieved
4293:
4284:
4276:
4271:
4255:
4249:
4241:
4236:
4224:. Retrieved
4215:
4206:
4194:. Retrieved
4185:
4176:
4164:. Retrieved
4157:the original
4090:
4084:
4068:
4011:
3998:
3941:
3937:
3928:
3889:
3879:
3868:. Retrieved
3864:
3854:
3843:. Retrieved
3839:
3829:
3782:
3772:
3717:
3707:
3695:. Retrieved
3691:
3681:
3669:. Retrieved
3665:
3655:
3647:the original
3642:
3632:
3595:
3589:
3583:
3538:
3532:
3467:
3427:
3389:
3379:
3370:Adam and Eve
3354:
3286:
3280:
3270:
3258:. Retrieved
3251:the original
3226:
3219:. Retrieved
3214:
3201:
3189:. Retrieved
3170:
3163:
3151:. Retrieved
3132:
3125:
3113:. Retrieved
3094:
3087:
3068:
3062:
3050:. Retrieved
3046:the original
3041:
3031:
3019:. Retrieved
3010:
3001:
2981:
2972:
2965:. Retrieved
2959:
2949:
2941:
2926:
2918:
2913:
2906:
2902:
2891:
2872:
2861:. Retrieved
2846:
2839:
2830:
2824:
2805:
2796:
2788:the original
2782:
2776:
2764:. Retrieved
2756:www.ccel.org
2755:
2746:
2734:. Retrieved
2726:www.ccel.org
2725:
2716:
2708:
2700:
2691:
2685:
2676:
2668:
2663:
2654:
2640:
2615:. Retrieved
2601:
2596:Gill, Gn. 19
2592:
2583:
2576:
2571:
2564:
2560:
2551:
2542:
2523:
2514:
2505:
2486:
2479:
2460:
2453:
2444:
2436:
2429:. Retrieved
2424:
2413:
2405:the original
2399:
2393:
2384:
2375:
2362:
2356:
2345:
2336:
2323:
2314:
2312:
2305:. Retrieved
2301:the original
2286:
2276:
2268:
2265:the original
2260:
2251:
2239:. Retrieved
2230:
2224:
2217:
2209:the original
2199:
2176:
2167:
2157:
2147:
2142:November 27,
2140:. Retrieved
2131:
2118:
2106:. Retrieved
2087:
2065:. Retrieved
2046:
2039:
2027:. Retrieved
2008:
2001:
1962:
1929:. Retrieved
1910:
1903:
1891:. Retrieved
1872:
1865:
1853:. Retrieved
1834:
1827:
1796:
1750:
1695:
1690:
1677:(reports of
1673:
1666:
1656:
1647:
1638:
1630:
1625:
1619:
1611:
1609:
1603:
1599:
1597:
1586:
1579:
1574:
1569:Leviticus 18
1566:
1563:Christianity
1550:
1537:
1527:
1524:Leviticus 18
1509:
1499:
1480:
1477:
1469:is debated.
1435:masturbation
1429:, including
1403:Baháʼí Faith
1399:Samaritanism
1393:
1384:
1358:
1328:
1321:
1313:
1304:
1292:
1255:
1246:
1235:Please help
1230:verification
1227:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1184:
1177:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1136:protohistory
1133:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1083:capitularies
1076:
1065:
1028:
1026:
1014:
975:
969:January 2023
966:
956:
949:
942:
935:
923:
903:
878:
867:
850:
838:
829:2 Peter 2:18
825:Romans 13:13
792:
767:
762:
758:
756:
743:
739:
735:
733:
715:
699:
683:
671:
653:
644:
627:
617:
614:
599:
584:
569:Lamentations
528:
501:
498:Hebrew Bible
486:
471:
470:
465:
457:
451:
425:
414:
408:
398:
394:
390:
380:
348:
286:
277:
226:
217:Commonwealth
212:
208:
202:
200:
197:
190:
146:
132:
116:
84:
51:
50:
44:
40:
29:
4258:, pp. 46–50
4244:, pp. 73–74
4097:: 671–693.
4044:j.ctt9qfmm4
3952:: 260–266.
3545:: 101–109.
3221:27 November
2709:Confessions
2669:Antiquities
2231:cornell.edu
1931:January 13,
1893:January 13,
1855:January 13,
1731:Prison rape
1669:Mu'tazilite
1593:hospitality
1582:abomination
1506:Nachmanides
1502:hospitality
1467:early Islam
1411:patriarchal
1343:Buggery Act
1324:Netherlands
1180:witch hunts
1161:Waldensians
1151:During the
1062:Justinian I
1022: 1345
1007: [
879:Antiquities
813:1 Peter 4:3
789:2 Peter 2:7
778:fornication
704:, like the
674:Hellenistic
622:translates
539:Deuteronomy
491:John Martin
462:Albigensian
241:), Spanish
143:Terminology
129:Sodomy laws
109:procreative
4753:Sex crimes
4737:Categories
4294:Chabad.org
4166:7 November
3870:2021-04-24
3845:2021-04-24
3813:2014025201
3748:2014000554
3502:2015033360
3424:2017004137
3317:2004213389
3191:13 January
3153:13 January
3115:13 January
3100:Gale Group
3052:7 November
2863:2023-06-27
2667:Josephus,
2617:2009-12-31
2431:10 January
1840:Gale Group
1799:. London:
1770:References
1648:While the
1616:Septuagint
1532:Genesis 19
1520:Maimonides
1443:manual sex
1369:bestiality
1355:Sodomy law
1295:Old Bailey
1249:April 2010
939:newspapers
906:references
854:Romans 7:3
821:wantonness
793:aselgeiais
774:Luke 17:28
748:Septuagint
655:strangers.
602:Ezekiel 16
578:4.11; and
531:Pentateuch
447:Albigenses
297:bestiality
274:vernacular
257:Portuguese
166:(Sódoma).
137:pejorative
113:manual sex
105:bestiality
4153:163738149
4121:0003-0279
4099:CiteSeerX
4060:141668547
4018:NYU Press
3990:170880292
3974:0041-977X
3966:1474-0699
3946:Cambridge
3920:224909490
3894:Routledge
3821:152944605
3787:NYU Press
3764:165559811
3756:921583924
3722:Routledge
3697:March 30,
3671:March 30,
3624:170127256
3616:1945-7596
3559:1573-6571
3510:146505567
3441:rape myth
3394:Cambridge
3351:151069171
3309:1553-2739
3293:: 21–38.
3260:28 August
2381:"buggery"
2367:Routledge
2014:Zondervan
1993:143758576
1967:Routledge
1775:Citations
1762:(Russia).
1602:used for
1317:Tuileries
1281:Amsterdam
1199:bouggerie
1187:Bogomiles
1049:(37–100)
801:Mark 7:22
736:ekporneuō
722:Jude 1:5
580:Zephaniah
436:heretical
312:Norwegian
269:sodomizar
252:sodomizar
238:sodomiser
201:The word
4743:Anal sex
4506:Archived
4401:Archived
4298:Archived
4261:Archived
4254:Gagnon,
4220:Archived
4190:Archived
4145:47785421
4137:12032032
4052:35526232
4006:(1997).
3575:38974409
3567:27511667
3343:32999592
3325:56795128
3176:ABC-CLIO
3015:Archived
2991:Archived
2934:Archived
2880:(1911).
2813:Archived
2760:Archived
2730:Archived
2671:, 1.11.1
2626:cite web
2611:Archived
2531:Archived
2342:"Sodomi"
2315:sodomite
2307:June 23,
2235:Archived
2185:cite web
2173:"Sodomy"
2136:Archived
1916:ABC-CLIO
1760:Chechnya
1705:See also
1679:Muhammad
1541:—
1511:tzedakah
1486:—
1439:oral sex
1365:oral sex
1361:anal sex
1308:Bastille
1173:Adamites
1146:nithings
1015:Commedia
928:"Sodomy"
870:Josephus
864:Josephus
817:Jude 1:4
782:Jude 1:7
759:heteros,
720:—
688:—
587:adultery
558:Jeremiah
535:Prophets
432:Bogomils
427:Bulgarus
209:sodomite
133:sodomite
97:oral sex
93:anal sex
4446:24 July
4347:, p. 50
4304:4 April
3982:3107489
3466:(ed.).
3334:6830999
2890:(ed.).
1683:Shariah
1534:(KJV):
1473:Judaism
1195:buggery
1157:Cathars
1059:Emperor
953:scholar
874:Genesis
744:porneuō
512:Genesis
508:Abraham
478:History
405:Buggery
351:Persian
344:animals
306:sodomia
291:Sodomie
262:sodomia
255:), and
245:sodomía
231:sodomie
168:Genesis
123:in the
85:buggery
43:, from
18:Buggery
4726:Sodomy
4706:
4657:
4608:
4437:
4151:
4143:
4135:
4129:603399
4127:
4119:
4101:
4058:
4050:
4042:
4032:
3988:
3980:
3972:
3964:
3918:
3908:
3819:
3811:
3803:
3793:
3762:
3754:
3746:
3736:
3692:News24
3622:
3614:
3573:
3565:
3557:
3508:
3500:
3490:
3472:Oxford
3422:
3412:
3358:Muslim
3349:
3341:
3331:
3323:
3315:
3307:
3182:
3144:
3106:
3075:
2967:24 May
2944:online
2878:W.A.P.
2854:
2537:p. 528
2494:
2468:
2293:
2099:
2058:
2020:
1991:
1981:
1922:
1884:
1846:
1815:
1687:Shiite
1675:Hadith
1528:sodomy
1455:sinful
1405:, and
1367:, and
1203:sodomy
1191:sodomy
1171:. The
1125:sodomy
1000:Virgil
955:
948:
941:
934:
926:
632:Hebrew
628:Qadesh
552:, and
543:Isaiah
524:Gibeah
520:Judges
493:, 1852
472:Bugger
417:bougre
411:bugger
373:Qur'an
330:sodomi
324:Danish
318:sodomi
310:. The
301:Polish
266:(verb
249:(verb
235:(verb
163:Σόδομα
139:term.
117:sodomy
52:Sodomy
47:, 1781
4512:7 May
4226:7 May
4196:7 May
4160:(PDF)
4149:S2CID
4125:JSTOR
4093:(4).
4081:(PDF)
4056:S2CID
4040:JSTOR
3986:S2CID
3978:JSTOR
3962:eISSN
3944:(2).
3916:S2CID
3817:S2CID
3801:JSTOR
3760:S2CID
3620:S2CID
3598:(2).
3571:S2CID
3563:JSTOR
3541:(2).
3506:S2CID
3366:Islam
3347:S2CID
3289:(1).
3254:(PDF)
3247:(PDF)
3021:7 May
2886:. In
2766:7 May
2736:7 May
2283:"sod"
2257:"sod"
2241:7 May
1989:S2CID
1711:Ayoni
1691:haram
1660:Allah
1650:Quran
1644:Islam
1620:yâda‛
1612:yâda‛
1600:yâda,
1546:(KJV)
1407:Islam
1114:Ghent
1039:Philo
1011:]
996:Dante
960:JSTOR
946:books
819:) or
678:Philo
668:Philo
591:lying
504:Sodom
423:Latin
379:(لوط
368:lavât
362:liwāṭ
338:with
314:word
282:taboo
160:word
4704:ISBN
4655:ISBN
4606:ISBN
4514:2018
4448:2010
4435:ISBN
4306:2015
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