555:, included the murder of hundreds of women and children, whose bodies were photographed by the American soldiers as war trophies. In many of the photographs, the American soldiers smiled in glee as skulls, rotting dismembered limbs and torso, and blown-out heads with punctured cheeks were piled-up around them. When the photographs and numbers of killings were known to the American public, the government at the time received some backlash. In an attempt to cover-up the massacre, the American government branded the historical event as fake news, and when branding didn't work, they changed the narrative and explained that the Moros of Bud Dajo were uncivilized, falsely depicting them as war-thirsty beings. In truth, the Moros were just defending their land from colonizers that sought to erase their cultural identities. The American government also justified the killing of women by stating that their soldiers killed them because they wore traditional pants, which made them look like men in the eyes of the soldiers. Although the massacre received backlash from certain parts of the American public, the issue later faded from the American public knowledge and discussion as other issues occurred in their daily lives. The horrific atrocities committed by the Americans during the massacre continue to influence the peoples of the Sulu archipelago today, whose people were obliterated in the name of colonialism and white supremacy, and whose sacred mountain and its spirits were disrespected. In 1911, another similar massacre now called the
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The cinder cone has an elevation of 620 metres (2,030 ft) with a base diameter of 9.5 kilometres (5.9 mi). On the summit of the mountain is 0.5 kilometres (0.31 mi) crater that is breached to the southwest. The other volcanic edifices adjacent to Bud Dajo are: Matanding, located
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The mountain and surrounding areas were declared as a national park by
Proclamation No. 261 on February 28, 1938, encompassing 213 hectares (530 acres) of land. Recent reports have shown that the mountain is very deforested with few remaining forest cover usually on the steep ridges. The
563:, with fewer casualties due to negotiations, where the Moros were forced to leave the sacred ground under American colonial rule. In 1913, the American government under both Wood and Taft launched another similar massacre at Bud Bagsak, another sacred mountain near Bud Dajo.
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Niedermeier, Silvan (April 2017). “Intimacy and
Annihilation: Approaching the Enforcement of U.S. Colonial Rule in the Southern Philippines through a Private Photograph Collection.” InVisible Culture: An Electronic Journal for Visual Culture,
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American soldiers pose for a trophy photo with hundreds of rotting Moro bodies, and dismembered heads, torso, and limbs surround them at Bud Dajo. Various photographs of the aftermath are preserved at the
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Hawkins, Michael (March 2011). “Managing a
Massacre: Savagery, Civility, and Gender in Moro Province in the Wake of Bud Dajo.” Philippine Studies, 59(1), 83-105. Ateneo de Manila University.
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Two volcanoes falsely attributed to the eruption on
January 4, 1641, which engulfed southern Philippines in darkness. Further studies later found the eruption to have come from
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in 1906, which culminated in the killing by U.S. forces of over 800-900 villagers, mostly civilians, hiding on the crater of Bud Dajo. The event is known as the
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Charbonneau, Oliver (2021). Civilizational
Imperatives: Americans, Moros, and the Colonial World. (Philippine Edition.) Ateneo de Manila University Press.
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Pershing and the
Disarmament of the Moros. Pacific Historical Review. Vol. 31, No. 3 (Aug., 1962), pp. 241-256. University of California Press.
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McCann, et al (2020). Union by Law: Filipino
American Labor Activists, Rights Radicalism, and Racial Capitalism. University of Chicago Press.
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Some vulnerable and endangered species, not necessarily endemic to the area, but can be found within the Mount Dajo
National Park are (from
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Sanford, Wayne (May 1982). “Battle of Bud Dajo: 6 March 1906.” Indiana
Military History Journal, 7(2). Indiana Historical Society.
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was committed by the
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Bud Dajo is a sacred mountain for the indigenous peoples of the Sulu archipelago. The mountain was the site of the
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in 1938. It is a sacred mountain for the locals, and the Tausug people at-large, as well as nearby ethnic groups.
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is not currently listed as a protected area under the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) of the
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in 1993 and in 1997 on the mountain. No unusual activities were observed within the vicinity of the volcano.
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on September 21, 1897, that devastated the Southern Philippines was believed to be from a
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A short-term monitoring (seismic and visuals) surveys were conducted by the
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northeast of the Bud Dajo with an elevation of 400 metres (1,300 ft)
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on the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) site
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Quezon (2016). Bud Dajo: Americans, Filipinos, and Moros. ABS-CBN News.
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702:. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. Archived from
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is located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southeast from the town of
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776:. Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau. Retrieved on 2011-09-25.
757:. Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau. Retrieved on 2011-09-25.
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Llanes (2016). Remembering Bud Dajo and Bud Bagsak. Inquirer.
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List of potentially active volcanoes in the Philippines
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at Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
738:. Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-09-24.
726:. Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-09-24.
644:. Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-09-24.
315:. The mountain and adjacent lands were declared as
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748:"Facts and Figures on Protected Areas by Region"
420:Department of Environment and Natural Resources
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583:List of inactive volcanoes in the Philippines
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352:Eruptions falsely attributed to the mountain
573:List of active volcanoes in the Philippines
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588:List of national parks of the Philippines
344:volcanic cone is part of Zamboanga-Sulu
287:and the second highest point (+600m) in
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551:and American president and Republican
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1047:Guadalupe Mabugnao Mainit Hot Spring
1319:Protected areas established in 1938
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1279:Protected areas of the Philippines
1021:Puerto Princesa Subterranean River
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1314:National parks of the Philippines
902:National parks of the Philippines
642:"Synonyms and subfeatures - Jolo"
379:earthquake and subsequent tsunami
1211:Game refuge and bird sanctuaries
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1006:Olongapo Naval Base Perimeter
767:"Protected areas in Region 9"
385:therefore excludes Bud Dajo.
47:Bud Dajo photographed in 1945
16:Mountain in Sulu, Philippines
500:or rufous-lored kingfisher (
456:or the red-vented cockatoo (
389:PHIVOLCS monitoring activity
84:Mountains of the Philippines
772:September 29, 2011, at the
295:that make up the island of
161:Location in the Philippines
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1057:MacArthur Landing Memorial
1001:Northern Luzon Heroes Hill
660:"Mount Dajo National Park"
73:620 m (2,030 ft)
63:620 m (2,030 ft)
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1227:Watershed forest reserves
866:What happened at Bud Dajo
736:"Eruption History - Jolo"
557:Second Battle of Bud Dajo
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618:Global Volcanism Program
533:First Battle of Bud Dajo
401:Mount Dajo National Park
317:Mount Dajo National Park
623:Smithsonian Institution
541:Philippine–American War
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197:Show map of Philippines
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458:Cacatua haematuropygia
432:BirdLife International
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194:Bud Dajo (Philippines)
1309:Volcanoes of Mindanao
1304:Volcanic crater lakes
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502:Todiramphus winchelli
498:Winchell's kingfisher
484:Sulu pygmy woodpecker
478:Critically endangered
473:Anthracoceros montani
463:Critically endangered
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113:6.01333°N 121.05667°E
1260:Wildlife sanctuaries
1246:Natural biotic areas
1052:Kuapnit Balinsasayao
921:Balbalasang-Balbalan
545:Moro Crater Massacre
514:Historical relevance
439:Grey imperial pigeon
164:Show map of Mindanao
1149:Protected areas in
561:William Howard Taft
525:Library of Congress
487:Dendrocopos ramsayi
454:Philippine cockatoo
301:Jolo Volcanic Group
291:. It is one of the
109: /
753:2011-09-29 at the
553:Theodore Roosevelt
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443:Ducula pickeringii
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383:submarine eruption
244:Zamboanga-Sulu Arc
118:6.01333; 121.05667
53:Highest point
1324:Landforms of Sulu
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323:Physical features
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708:. Retrieved
704:the original
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293:cinder cones
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240:Volcanic arc
1218:Lake Buluan
996:Naujan Lake
986:Mount Pulag
926:Bangan Hill
535:during the
416:game refuge
285:cinder cone
233:Cinder cone
216:Philippines
116: /
104:121°03′24″E
91:Coordinates
1293:Categories
1234:Lake Lanao
1182:Mount Dajo
1172:Lake Dapao
1167:Lake Butig
1151:Bangsamoro
1088:Mount Dajo
1078:Lake Dapao
1073:Lake Butig
1016:Paoay Lake
981:Mount Data
971:Minalungao
710:2011-09-25
700:"Bud Dajo"
666:2011-09-25
662:. Birdlife
628:2006-06-12
594:References
507:Vulnerable
492:Vulnerable
448:Vulnerable
281:Monte DajĂł
69:Prominence
33:Mount Dajo
1238:South Upi
1192:Rungkunan
1098:Rungkunan
129:Geography
59:Elevation
1202:Salikata
1108:Salikata
1066:Mindanao
941:Caramoan
854:Bud Dajo
770:Archived
751:Archived
567:See also
367:Cotabato
342:basaltic
283:), is a
273:BĹ«d Dahu
265:Bud Dajo
208:Location
188:Bud Dajo
155:Bud Dajo
101:6°0′48″N
30:Bud Dahu
22:Bud Dajo
1252:Basilan
1035:Visayas
539:of the
336:Geology
277:Spanish
254:Unknown
222:Geology
79:Listing
931:Bataan
613:"Jolo"
303:. The
269:Tausug
909:Luzon
426:Fauna
860:Jolo
434:):
377:The
373:1897
357:1641
340:The
313:Sulu
309:Jolo
297:Jolo
289:Sulu
212:Sulu
822:25.
504:),
475:),
460:),
445:),
365:in
330:asl
311:in
1295::
689:^
675:^
649:^
621:.
615:.
602:^
489:,
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369:.
348:.
279::
275:;
271::
214:,
1142:e
1135:t
1128:v
894:e
887:t
880:v
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631:.
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471:(
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267:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
