39:
1623:
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149:
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1610:, Somalia, where Denis Allex was believed to be held. They encircled a small home on the outskirts of the town as numerous Al-Shabaab militants were inside, allegedly with Allex. According to an Al-Shabaab propaganda video released in 2014, one militant, only referred to as "M.K", claimed that his group had heard the French soldiers outside and alerted other militants inside. He then claims that he picked up a
162:
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and immediately opened fire on a French soldier at the door. A fierce firefight lasting 45 minutes ensued, with Al-Shabaab reinforcements arriving around ten minutes after the initial assault began. Two French soldiers and 17 al-Shabaab fighters were killed, including the Al-Shabaab governor of Bulo
1639:
pistol, of an undetermined model, was recovered. This Glock came with a loaded magazine featuring a grip extension and a +1-2 round baseplate, along with two other Glock magazines of different sizes and a suppressor, which suggested a threaded barrel that could be either factory or aftermarket. The
1618:
Additionally, the French military had reported that one soldier was missing; they were almost certain he was killed during the attack. Al-Shabaab claimed that it had captured the missing soldier, left lying wounded on the ground during the firefight, despite also releasing photographs of the dead
1685:
account a picture of the body of one of the French soldiers, describing him as the "leader" of the failed French commando raid in
Somalia. The body was surrounded by captured military gear. This was confirmed to be the soldier missing in action. This soldier has yet to be identified. Three days
1689:
In August 2014, A video titled, “Beyond the
Shadows: The Failed French Raid” was released by the media wing of Al-Shabaab. The video describes the failed attempt by France to rescue Allex in Bulo Mareer. The video also included interviews with an alleged spy who assisted the French prior to the
1515:
were immediately deployed in an exhaustive effort to locate the hostage. Somali assets recruited by the DGSE identified several locations where the agent had been; the agent was constantly moved by the terrorists mainly because of the fighting between al-Shabaab and
African Union troops. US and
1526:
the then-director general of the DGSE intended to secure the release of Allex before the end of his term through a negotiation of a ransom. The DSGE additionally coordinated secret diplomatic negotiations with
Eritrea to free Allex. Eritrean intelligence played a key role in mediating with
1615:
Mareer, Sheikh Hassan. The French
Special Forces later abandoned the operation. The French military believes that members of al-Shabaab executed Allex during the operation. However, al-Shabaab claimed that Allex was still alive and in its custody.
1535:, to facilitate negotiations. However, Al-Shabaab's demands—primarily the release of imprisoned Islamists abroad—proved too high. Despite France’s willingness to pay a ransom, disagreements among Somali clans further complicated the negotiations.
1240:
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294:
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Following the raid, Al-Shabaab captured a range of weapons, of which they posted photos of online with the caption “A return of the crusades, but the cross could not save him from the sword." Among the items seized were two
1640:
raid also yielded Magpul 5.56mm PMAGs, which are large magazines with windowed bodies designed for the M4/M16 platform, and a 20-round magazine from the SG55x series, positioned between the larger Magpul magazines.
1233:
3903:
1480:
On 25 August 2009, according to his version of events, Aubrière, who was being held in
Mogadishu, escaped from his captors in the middle of the night while they slept. He then walked for five hours to the
1656:, where it condemned the Bulo Marer operation as unilateral and carried out without the knowledge or consent of the Somali authorities. The officials also extended their condolences to all casualties.
4088:
1903:
1485:
compound in the city and, from there, was transported back to France. However, Aubrière's account was disputed as being improbable and it was suggested by them that his release was secured after the
1226:
2367:
287:
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1545:
ordered the DGSE Division Action to prepare to carry out a previously opposed hostage rescue mission. The DGSE sent a 50-man Close
Quarter Battle Group of the Division Action (known as CPIS) to
2525:
280:
3737:
3616:
4143:
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4128:
1477:
militia, who demanded custody of the hostages. The two men were then taken away by fighters from Hizbul Islam and later Allex was transferred to the allied militia, al-Shabaab.
3486:
1781:
4098:
2178:"MEMRI's Behind-The-Scenes Role In Twitter's Shutdown Of Accounts Belonging To Designated Terrorists: The Case Of Al-Qaeda Affiliate Al-Shabaab And The Westgate Mall Attack"
2061:
4113:
3498:
3481:
1469:. The captors loaded the men into a truck and left the hotel, but later the truck broke down. While the truck was incapacitated, the captors were confronted by members of
2360:
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soldier. In addition to the military casualties, eight civilians were also reportedly killed during the operation, including a pregnant woman, with others being wounded.
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1997:
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warplanes had entered Somali airspace in limited support of the French rescue operation. However, he stated that they did not use weapons during the raid.
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1635:; the one on the left was equipped with an Aimpoint Micro T-1 or H-1, while the one on the right featured an Aimpoint CompM3. Additionally, a
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flights monitored the hostage's location for several months as operators from DGSE Division Action unit planned the rescue mission.
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later, Al-Shabaab announced, also through
Twitter, that Allex had been sentenced to death in response to the French operation.
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1531:, who had himself been a hostage in Lebanon, maintained contact with Yemane Gebreab, a senior advisor to Eritrean President
3293:
3204:
2910:
2855:
1929:"ICT Jihadi Monitoring Group Bimonthly Report. Summary of Information on Jihadist Websites. The First Half of August 2014"
1649:
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1501:
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1070:
860:
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a.m. local time on 11 January 2013, 50 French
Special Forces from the DGSE's highly secretive direct-action unit called "
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2005:
1557:. In addition to the latest intelligence from Somali agents, the US also provided surveillance assets, including a
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Weapons captured by al-Shabaab on the raid in Bulo Marer, posted online by the media wing of the militant group
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509:
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1622:
1437:. Allex was executed in response, and two French commandos, at least 17 Islamist militants and at least eight
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1979:
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1538:
In
December 2012, when news reached the DGSE that the hostage's health was deteriorating,
544:
479:
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222:
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EXCLUSIF. Somalie : le raid pour libérer Denis Allex a été conduit depuis le Mistral
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3701:
3303:
3135:
2649:
1786:
1611:
1546:
1532:
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68:
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1505:
840:
154:
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2149:
1675:
1663:
1660:
1508:
1470:
1312:
2345:
2204:"Shabaab kills, captures French soldiers during failed rescue mission in Somalia"
272:
3923:
3696:
3606:
2017:
1808:
1528:
3255:
1928:
1607:
1418:
64:
93:
80:
4006:
3640:
3250:
1975:"French secret service hostage and soldiers killed in Somali rescue mission"
1450:
1886:
Le Mistral au coeur de la tentative de libération de Denis Allex en Somalie
16:
2013 French military operation against Islamist group al-Shabaab in Somalia
3352:
3332:
2154:
1908:
1813:
1512:
1474:
1438:
1430:
264:
1782:"French agent Marc Aubrière's amazing barefoot escape through Mogadishu"
3981:
3327:
3315:
3288:
1682:
1426:
72:
4001:
3930:
3450:
1490:
1462:
244:
180:
136:
3996:
3991:
3986:
1636:
1621:
3904:
Committee of American Students of the School of Beaux-Arts, Paris
218:
3421:
2349:
2091:"France says soldier, hostage killed in Somalia rescue attempt"
1222:
276:
2094:
2325:"Sarkaalkii Faransiiska oo dil lagu xukumay.(WARSAXAAFADEED)"
2229:"Federal govt condemns France military operation in Somalia"
1465:
from the Sahafi Hotel, which they were staying by armed men
2116:"Somalia rebel group say they have executed French hostage"
1950:"Jihad and Terrorism Threat Monitor (JTTM) Weekend Summary"
2150:"French soldier killed and hostage feared dead in Somalia"
1549:
where they trained for the mission with a small team of
1775:
1773:
1771:
1429:
to rescue French hostage Denis Allex from the militant
2062:"Hunt for missing soldier after failed hostage rescue"
1866:
Special Forces in the War on Terror (General Military)
1751:"Second French commando dies of wounds: Somali rebels"
4089:
Hostage rescue operations involving the United States
1588:", supported by six helicopters dispatched from the
3827:
3715:
3656:
3633:
3544:
3469:
3233:
3197:
3164:
2803:
2590:
2493:
2402:
2089:Nor, Omar and Laura Smith-Spark (12 January 2013).
2032:"Somali Witnesses To Failed Rescue Describe Mayhem"
1527:Al-Shabaab, with the French ambassador to Eritrea,
3531:Permanent Mission of France to the United Nations
1705:Rescue of Jessica Buchanan and Poul Hagen Thisted
3617:Agreement Concerning the Shipwrecked Vessel RMS
2311:"French Commando, Killed in Somalia, Identified"
1725:"French Commando, Killed in Somalia, Identified"
1564:based at Camp Lemonnier and air cover from both
1250:Somalia: Piracy and Counter-Terrorism, 2006-2017
1998:"Soldiers killed in failed French Somalia raid"
1681:On 14 January 2013, al-Shabaab posted on their
1449:Denis Allex and Marc Aubrière were deployed to
23:
3587:United Nations Security Council Resolution 135
1837:"Somalie. Opération Denis Allex - Paris Match"
43:Political situation in Somalia in October 2012
4144:Battles involving al-Shabaab (militant group)
3433:
2811:2009 African Union base bombings in Mogadishu
2361:
2259:"US admits role in French mission in Somalia"
1234:
288:
8:
2750:2018 African Union base attack in Bulo Marer
1936:International Institute of Counter Terrorism
2511:Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa
4099:Hostage rescue operations involving France
3835:Anti-French sentiment in the United States
3499:Ambassadors of the United States to France
3482:Ambassadors of France to the United States
3440:
3426:
3418:
2368:
2354:
2346:
2285:"Al-Shabaab veroordeelt Fransman ter dood"
1241:
1227:
1219:
295:
281:
273:
20:
4114:Directorate-General for External Security
1860:
1858:
1504:specialized in signals intelligence, and
1455:Directorate-General for External Security
3884:American Committee for Devastated France
3857:United States and the Haitian Revolution
2891:2015 Ministry of Higher Education attack
4129:France–United States military relations
4024:Category:France–United States relations
3536:Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs
3526:French Consulate General, San Francisco
3521:French Consulate General, New York City
2946:December 2016 Mogadishu suicide bombing
1715:
1606:), assaulted an al-Shabaab position in
4079:Al-Shabaab (militant group) activities
4074:Terrorist incidents in Somalia in 2013
1417:launched an unsuccessful operation in
2851:2013 Mogadishu Turkish embassy attack
2755:December 2018 airstrikes in Gandarshe
1992:
1990:
7:
3852:French language in the United States
3777:Rape during the liberation of France
3215:Abdiaziz Abdinur Ibrahim controversy
2780:2022 al-Shabaab invasion of Ethiopia
1922:
1920:
1780:Campbell, Matthew (31 August 2009).
204:(Al-Shabaab governor of Bulo Mareer)
3494:Embassy of the United States, Paris
3477:Embassy of France, Washington, D.C.
3021:28 February 2019 Mogadishu bombings
2941:November 2016 Mogadishu car bombing
2543:2006 Islamic Courts Union offensive
2526:Diplomatic and humanitarian efforts
3862:France–Republic of Texas relations
3814:Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
3625:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
3146:Mogadishu military academy bombing
2991:2 September 2018 Mogadishu bombing
2966:14 October 2017 Mogadishu bombings
2635:2010 Kenya–Al-Shabaab border clash
1457:(DGSE) to train soldiers from the
14:
3819:Bulo Marer hostage rescue attempt
3809:United States Air Force in France
3755:France and the American Civil War
3677:The Schooner Exchange v. M'Faddon
3582:Anglo-French Financial Commission
3511:French Consulate General, Atlanta
3179:Bulo Marer hostage rescue attempt
3016:4 February 2019 Mogadishu bombing
2971:28 October 2017 Mogadishu attacks
2951:2 January 2017 Mogadishu bombings
2886:Garissa University College attack
2685:Bulo Marer hostage rescue attempt
2610:Battle for Central Somalia (2009)
2565:Somali Reconciliation Conferences
2235:. 13 January 2013. Archived from
2126:. 17 January 2013. Archived from
2004:. 12 January 2013. Archived from
1809:"Somalia hostage tells of escape"
1723:Donov, Iassen (28 January 2013).
1461:. On 14 July 2009, both men were
24:Bulo Marer hostage rescue attempt
4019:
4018:
3950:Deauville American Film Festival
3459:
3449:
3386:
3372:
3345:
3326:
3314:
3287:
3263:
3116:October 2022 Beledweyne bombings
3111:September 2022 Beledweyne attack
3091:February 2022 Beledweyne bombing
3056:2020 Mogadishu army base bombing
2202:Roggio, Bill (12 January 2013).
1749:Omar, Feisal (14 January 2013).
1453:, Somalia in 2009 by the French
243:
179:
160:
147:
129:
37:
4134:Somalia–United States relations
4109:Somali Civil War (2009–present)
4054:2013 in international relations
3955:Sacramento French Film Festival
3840:Cheese-eating surrender monkeys
3707:French Guantanamo Bay detainees
3516:French Consulate General, Miami
3126:October 2022 Mogadishu bombings
3081:November 2021 Mogadishu bombing
3046:December 2019 Mogadishu bombing
3001:December 2018 Mogadishu bombing
2976:February 2018 Mogadishu attacks
2961:February 2017 Mogadishu bombing
2745:November 2017 Somalia airstrike
2640:Battle of Mogadishu (2010–2011)
2377:Somali civil war (2009–present)
1648:On 13 January 2013, the Somali
1572:UAV during the mission itself.
1516:French satellites and unmanned
1459:Transitional Federal Government
31:Somali Civil War (2009–present)
4119:French intelligence operations
3889:American Friends Musée d'Orsay
3748:Roderigue Hortalez and Company
3593:Liberty Enlightening the World
3456:France–United States relations
3280:Hassan Abdullah Hersi al-Turki
3131:Siege of the Villa Rossa Hotel
3036:24 July 2019 Mogadishu bombing
3031:22 July 2019 Mogadishu bombing
3006:Nairobi DusitD2 complex attack
2921:February 2016 Mogadishu attack
2881:Makka al-Mukarama hotel attack
2501:History of Somalia (1991–2006)
1441:were killed in the firefight.
1106:Beledweyne and Mogadishu (Mar)
1:
4064:January 2013 events in Africa
4059:January 2013 crimes in Africa
4049:2013 mass shootings in Africa
3879:Alliance Française de Chicago
3487:French ambassador's residence
3294:Federal Government of Somalia
3205:Death of Noramfaizul Mohd Nor
2911:January 2016 Mogadishu attack
2856:Westgate shopping mall attack
1927:Daniel, Keren (August 2014).
3738:Treaty of Amity and Commerce
3106:August 2022 Mogadishu attack
3101:April 2022 Mogadishu bombing
3071:March 2021 Mogadishu bombing
2986:July 2018 Mogadishu bombings
2981:March 2018 Mogadishu bombing
2901:Jazeera Palace Hotel bombing
1598:assault helicopters and two
1496:US and French technical and
249:2 commandos killed 1 injured
4094:Foreign hostages in Somalia
3944:112 Gripes About the French
3794:Four Power Naval Commission
3760:United States Zouave Cadets
3141:2023 Mogadishu hotel attack
3076:June 2021 Mogadishu bombing
3061:2020 Mogadishu hotel attack
2931:June 2016 Mogadishu attacks
2826:May 2010 Mogadishu bombings
2670:Battle of Beledweyne (2011)
2625:Battle of Beledweyne (2010)
1700:Foreign hostages in Somalia
1633:H&K MP7 submachine guns
1500:teams, including a US Army
4160:
3914:La French Touch Conference
3909:French-American Foundation
3723:American Revolutionary War
3691:Valentine v. United States
3407:War in Somalia (2006–2009)
3220:Daallo Airlines Flight 159
3156:Mogadishu tea shop bombing
3096:March 2022 Somalia attacks
2916:Daallo Airlines Flight 159
2846:June 2013 Mogadishu attack
2605:Battle of Mogadishu (2009)
2548:Battle of Mogadishu (2006)
1868:, Osprey Publishing, 2015
1604:Special Operations Command
1602:combat helicopters of the
1493:; they said they did not.
1196:Dhanaane Busley base (Mar)
866:Daallo Airlines Flight 159
4104:Mass shootings in Somalia
4015:
3970:Florence Meyer Blumenthal
3733:Treaty of Alliance (1778)
3684:Blackmer v. United States
3567:Conference of Ambassadors
3557:Mellon–Berenger Agreement
3401:
3210:London Somalia Conference
3121:2022 Kismayo hotel attack
3011:Nairobi Latema Road blast
2866:2014 Villa Somalia attack
2600:Battle of South Mogadishu
2555:Ethiopian–Somali conflict
2383:
1256:
314:
262:
236:
209:
185:Cap. Patrice Rebout
172:
121:
47:
36:
28:
4124:France–Somalia relations
4084:Battles involving France
3804:CIA activities in France
3743:Franco-American alliance
3393:Islamic State in Somalia
2821:2009 Hotel Shamo bombing
2680:Battle of Kismayo (2012)
2620:Battle of Kismayo (2009)
1551:United States Navy SEALs
1524:Erard Corbin de Mangoux,
1413:On 11 January 2013, the
1206:Mogadishu tea shop (Aug)
4044:2013 murders in Somalia
3577:Washington Naval Treaty
3151:2023 Beledweyne bombing
3041:2019 Kenya bus shooting
2871:2014 Hotel Amalo attack
2861:2013 Beledweyne attacks
2816:2009 Beledweyne bombing
2710:Battle of Janale (2015)
2675:Battle of Yurkud (2012)
2645:Battle of Jubbada Hoose
1156:Buloburde and Jalalaqsi
263:8 to several dozens of
3789:Four-Power Authorities
3784:Allied Control Council
2926:Baidoa suicide bombing
2841:2011 Mogadishu bombing
2795:Battle of Buulo Mareer
2705:Battle of Leego (2015)
2690:Operation Indian Ocean
2208:FDD's Long War Journal
1627:
1186:Mogadishu market (Mar)
530:Operation Indian Ocean
406:Operations and battles
173:Commanders and leaders
3612:Guadeloupe Conference
3572:Blum–Byrnes agreement
3309:Mohamed Sheikh Hassan
3299:Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
2936:2016 Galkayo bombings
2831:2010 Kampala bombings
2775:2021 Galmudug clashes
2765:2021 Mogadishu mutiny
1668:War Powers Resolution
1625:
1191:Mogadishu hotel (Mar)
836:Ministry of Education
640:Awdheegle and Bariire
237:Casualties and losses
113:Rescue attempt failed
3960:Place des États-Unis
3937:Democracy in America
3772:Liberation of France
3321:Ahlu Sunna Waljama'a
3066:2020 Galkayo bombing
3051:2020 Afgooye bombing
2996:Sahafi Hotel attacks
2906:Sahafi Hotel attacks
2876:Central Hotel attack
2660:Operation Linda Nchi
2560:Insurgency in Ogaden
2124:Agence France-Presse
2040:The Associated Press
2002:Agence France-Presse
1502:Special Mission Unit
1467:impersonating police
1373:Buchanan and Thisted
846:Jazeera Palace Hotel
705:Dhanaane Busley base
254:17 militants killed
94:1.62972°N 44.52472°E
3977:Apollo Cable System
3894:April in Paris Ball
3767:Supreme War Council
3671:Embargo Act of 1807
3562:Treaty of Guarantee
3184:2013 raid on Barawe
3086:2022 Mandera attack
3026:Asasey Hotel attack
2770:2021 Golweyn ambush
2740:2017 Golweyn ambush
2130:on 16 February 2013
2067:The Daily Telegraph
2008:on 19 February 2014
1659:The following day,
1553:from Red squadron,
195:Sheikh Hassan
90: /
3716:Military relations
3646:Convention of 1800
3552:Louisiana Purchase
3275:Hassan Dahir Aweys
3189:2017 raid on Barii
2956:Dayah Hotel attack
2790:Battle of Runirgod
2730:2017 raid on Barii
2725:Battle of Kulbiyow
2313:. 30 January 2013.
2239:on 18 January 2013
1983:. 12 January 2013.
1650:Federal Government
1628:
1498:human intelligence
1071:Bal'ad and Dinsoor
1056:Mogadishu (16 Aug)
1021:Mogadishu (24 Jul)
1016:Mogadishu (22 Jul)
1001:Mogadishu (28 Feb)
936:Mogadishu (28 Oct)
931:Mogadishu (14 Oct)
4031:
4030:
3899:CFM International
3665:Little v. Barreme
3595:statue of Liberty
3504:HĂ´tel de Pontalba
3415:
3414:
3225:Awdiinle massacre
3174:2009 Baraawe raid
2836:Muna Hotel attack
2760:Camp Simba attack
2735:Battle of Af Urur
2715:Battle of El Adde
2665:Battle of Deynile
2331:. 30 January 2013
2291:. 16 January 2013
2265:. 14 January 2013
2158:. 12 January 2013
2070:. 12 January 2013
2042:. 13 January 2013
1543:François Hollande
1487:French government
1483:Somali government
1410:
1409:
1216:
1215:
1051:Mogadishu (8 Aug)
996:Mogadishu (4 Feb)
991:Nairobi Latema Rd
966:Mogadishu (2 Sep)
916:Mogadishu (2 Jan)
826:Makka al-Mukarama
786:Mogadishu embassy
271:
270:
257:
227:
205:
117:
116:
99:1.62972; 44.52472
4151:
4022:
4021:
3919:Friendship Train
3470:Diplomatic posts
3464:
3463:
3454:
3453:
3442:
3435:
3428:
3419:
3405:Previous phase:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3378:
3376:
3375:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3338:Abdi Hasan Awale
3331:
3330:
3319:
3318:
3292:
3291:
3268:
3267:
3266:
2785:Battle of Bal'ad
2720:Qandala campaign
2695:Galgala campaign
2630:2010 Ayn clashes
2516:Somali Civil War
2389:Somali Civil War
2370:
2363:
2356:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2015:
2013:
1994:
1985:
1984:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1914:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1883:
1877:
1864:Neville, Leigh,
1862:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1817:. 26 August 2009
1805:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1777:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1720:
1654:press conference
1583:
1570:RQ-4 Global Hawk
1251:
1243:
1236:
1229:
1220:
1201:Lido Beach (Aug)
1126:Beledweyne (Oct)
1121:Beledweyne (Sep)
1101:Beledweyne (Feb)
309:
305:Somali civil war
297:
290:
283:
274:
255:
251:Hostage executed
248:
247:
216:
203:
201:
191:
184:
183:
165:
164:
163:
153:
151:
150:
135:
133:
132:
105:
104:
102:
101:
100:
95:
91:
88:
87:
86:
83:
49:
48:
41:
21:
4159:
4158:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4069:Battles in 2013
4034:
4033:
4032:
4027:
4011:
3965:Prix Blumenthal
3867:French Legation
3823:
3711:
3652:
3629:
3540:
3465:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3416:
3411:
3397:
3387:
3385:
3373:
3371:
3346:
3344:
3325:
3313:
3286:
3264:
3262:
3229:
3193:
3160:
2799:
2700:Battle of Baure
2655:Battle of Elwaq
2615:Battle of Wabho
2592:
2586:
2506:Greater Somalia
2489:
2398:
2379:
2374:
2344:
2334:
2332:
2329:web.archive.org
2323:
2322:
2318:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2294:
2292:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2268:
2266:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2242:
2240:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2212:
2210:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2186:
2184:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2161:
2159:
2148:
2147:
2143:
2133:
2131:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2099:
2097:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2073:
2071:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2045:
2043:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2011:
2009:
1996:
1995:
1988:
1980:TheGuardian.com
1973:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1918:
1912:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1884:
1880:
1863:
1856:
1846:
1844:
1841:web.archive.org
1835:
1834:
1830:
1820:
1818:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1792:
1790:
1779:
1778:
1769:
1759:
1757:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1733:
1731:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1696:
1666:indicated in a
1646:
1586:Division Action
1581:
1578:
1566:AC-130 Spectres
1533:Issaias Afwerki
1447:
1415:French military
1411:
1406:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1217:
1212:
1176:Mogadishu (Sep)
1166:Mogadishu (Jul)
1161:Mogadishu (Jun)
1141:Mogadishu (Nov)
1136:Mogadishu (Oct)
1116:Mogadishu (Aug)
1111:Mogadishu (Apr)
1086:Mogadishu (Nov)
1081:Mogadishu (Jun)
1076:Mogadishu (Mar)
1031:Mogadishu (Dec)
1006:Mogadishu (Mar)
986:Nairobi DusitD2
976:Mogadishu (Dec)
956:Mogadishu (Jul)
951:Mogadishu (Mar)
946:Mogadishu (Feb)
926:Mogadishu (Feb)
906:Mogadishu (Dec)
901:Mogadishu (Nov)
896:Mogadishu (Aug)
881:Mogadishu (Jun)
871:Mogadishu (Feb)
861:Mogadishu (Jan)
719:
717:
403:
310:
306:
303:
301:
258:
256:(French claim)
250:
242:
228:
223:Action Division
197:
187:
178:
161:
159:
148:
146:
145:
139:
130:
128:
98:
96:
92:
89:
84:
81:
79:
77:
76:
75:
55:11 January 2013
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4157:
4155:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4139:Lower Shabelle
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4036:
4035:
4029:
4028:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3872:Texas Legation
3869:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3848:
3847:
3842:
3831:
3829:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3769:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3704:
3702:Michael Mastro
3699:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3673:
3668:
3660:
3658:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3637:
3635:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3627:
3622:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3496:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3479:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3466:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3437:
3430:
3422:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3383:
3379:United States
3369:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3323:
3311:
3306:
3304:Omar Sharmarke
3301:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3277:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3170:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3136:Mahas bombings
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2650:Battle of Gedo
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2350:
2343:
2342:
2316:
2302:
2276:
2250:
2220:
2194:
2169:
2141:
2107:
2081:
2053:
2023:
1986:
1966:
1941:
1916:
1896:
1878:
1874:978-1472807908
1854:
1843:. 22 July 2013
1828:
1800:
1787:The Australian
1767:
1741:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1695:
1692:
1645:
1642:
1612:PK machine gun
1596:EC-725 Caracal
1580:At around 2:00
1577:
1574:
1547:Camp Lemonnier
1518:reconnaissance
1446:
1443:
1423:Lower Shabelle
1408:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1393:
1392:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1364:
1363:
1361:MV Sinar Kudus
1352:
1351:
1340:
1339:
1332:
1330:Maersk Alabama
1327:
1322:
1317:
1310:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1267:
1266:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
980:
979:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
940:
939:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
910:
909:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
855:
854:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
815:
814:
813:
808:
800:
799:
798:
793:
788:
783:
775:
774:
773:
765:
764:
763:
758:
753:
745:
744:
743:
738:
733:
724:
723:
715:
714:
713:
712:
707:
699:
698:
697:
692:
687:
679:
678:
677:
672:
667:
659:
658:
657:
652:
647:
642:
634:
633:
632:
627:
619:
618:
617:
612:
604:
603:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
574:
573:
572:
567:
559:
558:
557:
552:
547:
539:
538:
537:
532:
524:
523:
522:
514:
513:
512:
507:
499:
498:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
464:
463:
462:
457:
452:
447:
439:
438:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
408:
407:
402:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
320:
319:
315:
312:
311:
307:(2009–present)
302:
300:
299:
292:
285:
277:
269:
268:
260:
259:
252:
239:
238:
234:
233:
232:150 millitants
230:
212:
211:
207:
206:
193:
175:
174:
170:
169:
157:
124:
123:
119:
118:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
69:Lower Shabelle
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4156:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4026:
4025:
4014:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3846:
3845:Freedom fries
3843:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3799:Alliance Base
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3728:France's role
3726:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3714:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3688:
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821:Central Hotel
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806:Villa Somalia
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722:Major attacks
721:
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600:November 2017
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455:Kenyan border
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229:5 helicopters
225:
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220:
215:50 operators
214:
213:
208:
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200:
194:
192:
190:
182:
177:
176:
171:
168:
158:
156:
155:United States
143:
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126:
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112:
109:
108:
103:
74:
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66:
62:
59:
58:
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40:
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32:
27:
22:
19:
4017:
3942:
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3818:
3689:
3682:
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3618:
3592:
3270:Hizbul Islam
3198:Other events
3178:
2684:
2387:Part of the
2333:. Retrieved
2328:
2319:
2305:
2293:. Retrieved
2288:
2279:
2267:. Retrieved
2262:
2253:
2241:. Retrieved
2237:the original
2232:
2223:
2213:12 September
2211:. Retrieved
2207:
2197:
2187:12 September
2185:. Retrieved
2181:
2172:
2160:. Retrieved
2153:
2144:
2132:. Retrieved
2128:the original
2119:
2110:
2098:. Retrieved
2084:
2072:. Retrieved
2065:
2056:
2044:. Retrieved
2035:
2026:
2016:– via
2010:. Retrieved
2006:the original
1978:
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1953:
1944:
1935:
1907:
1899:
1889:
1881:
1865:
1847:12 September
1845:. Retrieved
1840:
1831:
1819:. Retrieved
1812:
1803:
1791:. Retrieved
1785:
1758:. Retrieved
1754:
1744:
1732:. Retrieved
1728:
1718:
1688:
1680:
1676:US Air Force
1664:Barack Obama
1661:US President
1658:
1647:
1629:
1617:
1600:EC-665 Tiger
1590:
1579:
1562:Predator UAV
1537:
1522:
1509:surveillance
1495:
1479:
1471:Hizbul Islam
1448:
1412:
1395:
1394:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1366:
1365:
1354:
1353:
1342:
1341:
1336:Ocean Shield
1335:
1313:
1301:
1300:
1296:Dai Hong Dan
1269:
1268:
1258:
971:Sahafi Hotel
851:Sahafi Hotel
781:Mogadishu UN
716:
685:Hilowle Gaab
519:
221:
198:
188:
142:Supported by
141:
127:
122:Belligerents
29:Part of the
18:
3924:Merci Train
3697:Chicken tax
3607:Safari Club
3234:Key players
2593:and battles
2536:Disarmament
2018:Google News
1913:(in French)
1893:(in French)
1876:, p.293-294
1529:Roger Augue
1473:, a Somali
1325:11 November
1276:Ras Kamboni
921:Dayah Hotel
811:Hotel Amalo
741:Hotel Shamo
415:S Mogadishu
97: /
4038:Categories
3256:Fuad Qalaf
3241:Al-Shabaab
2591:Operations
2531:Propaganda
2494:Background
2295:11 January
2269:14 January
2263:Al Jazeera
2243:14 January
2162:13 January
2120:Al Arabiya
2100:13 January
2074:13 January
2046:14 January
2012:14 January
1821:12 January
1793:12 January
1711:References
1690:operation
1670:letter to
1608:Bulo Marer
1445:Background
1435:al-Shabaab
1419:Bulo Marer
1378:Bulo Marer
1320:Dhusamareb
1314:Thalathine
1291:28 October
1171:Beledweyne
1046:Baidoa Eid
796:Beledweyne
761:Muna Hotel
736:Beledweyne
695:Bulo Marer
625:Camp Simba
610:Bulo Marer
520:Bulo Marer
495:Beledweyne
485:Linda Nchi
470:Lower Juba
445:Beledweyne
167:Al-Shabaab
85:44°31′29″E
82:01°37′47″N
65:Bulo Marer
4007:TAT-12/13
3657:Incidents
3641:Quasi-War
3634:Conflicts
3545:Diplomacy
3251:Ali Dhere
2134:8 January
1760:8 January
1734:8 January
1644:Aftermath
1576:Operation
1540:President
1463:kidnapped
1451:Mogadishu
1439:civilians
1026:Kenya bus
771:Mogadishu
751:Mogadishu
645:Mogadishu
630:Shabeelow
615:Gandarshe
460:Mogadishu
425:C Somalia
420:Mogadishu
265:civilians
3353:Puntland
3333:Galmudug
2521:Factions
2403:Timeline
2155:BBC News
1909:Le Point
1814:BBC News
1694:See also
1672:Congress
1513:Djibouti
1475:Islamist
1431:Islamist
1264:18 March
886:Awdiinle
791:Westgate
690:Hawadley
675:Runirgod
665:Ethiopia
655:Galmudug
580:Kulbiyow
318:Timeline
210:Strength
60:Location
3982:Honotua
3828:Related
3619:Titanic
3381:AFRICOM
3166:OEF–HOA
2804:Attacks
2335:10 July
1959:10 July
1755:Reuters
1683:Twitter
1652:held a
1591:Mistral
1568:and an
1489:paid a
1427:Somalia
1349:Baraawe
1131:Kismayo
1096:Mandera
1061:Galkayo
1041:Afgooye
1011:Kismayo
891:Galkayo
831:Garissa
756:Kampala
731:AU base
710:El Dher
650:Golweyn
595:Golweyn
590:Af Urur
570:Qandala
565:El Adde
535:Galgala
510:Kismayo
490:Deynile
435:Kismayo
199:†
189:†
73:Somalia
4002:TAT-11
3931:MICEFA
3600:Museum
3377:
3367:AMISOM
3350:
1872:
1729:SOFREP
1594:(four
1582:
1555:DEVGRU
1491:ransom
1390:Barawe
1308:Dobley
1286:Bargal
1281:3 June
961:Baidoa
876:Baidoa
841:Garowe
670:Bal'ad
555:Janale
505:Yurkud
267:killed
152:
137:France
134:
110:Result
3997:TAT-8
3992:TAT-6
3987:TAT-4
2182:MEMRI
1954:MEMRI
1932:(PDF)
1674:that
1637:Glock
1506:U-28A
1402:Barii
1182:2024
1151:Mahas
1147:2023
1092:2022
1067:2021
1037:2020
982:2019
942:2018
912:2017
857:2016
817:2015
802:2014
777:2013
767:2011
747:2010
727:2009
701:2024
681:2023
661:2022
636:2021
621:2020
606:2018
585:Barii
576:2017
561:2016
550:Leego
545:Baure
541:2015
526:2014
516:2013
501:2012
480:Elwaq
466:2011
441:2010
430:Wabho
411:2009
2580:2007
2575:2002
2570:1993
2485:2024
2480:2023
2475:2022
2470:2021
2465:2020
2460:2019
2455:2018
2450:2017
2445:2016
2440:2015
2435:2014
2430:2013
2425:2012
2420:2011
2415:2010
2410:2009
2337:2024
2297:2015
2271:2013
2245:2013
2215:2024
2189:2024
2164:2013
2136:2020
2102:2013
2076:2013
2048:2013
2014:2013
1961:2024
1870:ISBN
1849:2024
1823:2012
1795:2013
1762:2020
1736:2020
1559:JSOC
1396:2017
1384:2013
1367:2012
1355:2011
1343:2009
1302:2008
1270:2007
1259:2006
475:Gedo
399:2024
394:2023
389:2022
384:2021
379:2020
374:2019
369:2018
364:2017
359:2016
354:2015
349:2014
344:2013
339:2012
334:2011
329:2010
324:2009
219:DGSE
52:Date
2095:CNN
2036:NPR
450:Ayn
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