2763:
96:
73:
55:
394:
632:). Despite having high levels of agronomic performance, these are typically viewed as undesirable in sheep based farming systems due to their ability to become lodged in wool, reducing fleece value. Breeding efforts in the 1990's have yielded spineless varieties of
595:
species. Comparison of these phylogenies indicates many transitions in the compatibility of the association over evolutionary time. Furthermore, they propose that the geographical distribution of strains limits the distribution of particular
527:
Comprehensive descriptions of the genus are Lesinš and Lesinš 1979 and Small and Jomphe 1989. Major collections are SARDI (Australia), USDA-GRIN (United States), ICARDA (
3432:
3471:
516:
is a model legume due to its relatively small stature, small genome (450–500 Mbp), short generation time (about 3 months), and ability to reproduce both by
620:) have been used as forage crops. Select species in the Medicago genus naturally develop spiney pods during the reproductive phase of growth (such as
3380:
608:
Agronomic research has been conducted on species of the
Medicago genus. Other than alfalfa, several of the prostrate members of the family (such as
3445:
3393:
2812:
2174:
3507:
2857:
3053:
2713:
2494:
2313:
3635:
3292:
2959:
3297:
2738:
3592:
2832:
2649:
3419:
3109:
2889:
2783:
3155:
Yoder JB, Briskine R, Mudge J, Farmer A, Paape T, Steele K, Weiblen GD, Bharti AK, Zhou P, May GD, Young ND, Tiffin P (2013).
3566:
3450:
2808:
638:, providing valuable production amongst farming systems in low rainfall (<300mm annual), free draining, alkaline soils.
3458:
202:
3256:
2447:
2395:
3571:
3520:
3017:
3015:(Fabaceae) as inferred from phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences".
2920:
2342:
2095:
2056:
678:
3476:
1358:
95:
35:
3630:
3099:
Béna G. (2001). "Molecular phylogeny supports the morphologically based taxonomic transfer of the "medicagoid"
3007:
Downie SR, Katz-Downie DS, Rogers EJ, Zujewski HL, Small E (1998). "Multiple independent losses of the plastid
2670:
2484:
3525:
2688:
818:
3357:
905:
1982:
indicate that the sections and subsections defined by Small & Jomphe, as outlined above, are generally
1751:
1547:
1138:
1111:
3344:
3199:
1779:
1584:
1527:
1378:
915:
878:
808:
788:
81:
2952:"Molecular phylogenetic approach for studying life-history evolution: the ambiguous example of the genus
2369:
1769:
1445:
1398:
1128:
848:
838:
3625:
3362:
3349:
1664:
1614:
1495:
1428:
1312:
1302:
1232:
1200:
1168:
986:
798:
778:
758:
748:
1654:
1604:
1368:
1222:
1084:
1020:
1003:
828:
731:
434:, and extending across temperate Eurasia and sub-Saharan Africa. The best-known member of the genus is
2270:
2178:
2135:
Gholami A, De Geyter N, Pollier J, Goormachtig S, Goossens A (2014). "Natural product biosynthesis in
2049:
1789:
1418:
1408:
1190:
1148:
1054:
868:
858:
488:
3597:
3486:
3398:
3305:
3118:
3062:
2626:
1388:
1341:
1074:
1064:
949:
932:
888:
768:
492:
2421:
2489:. Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models. Vol. II. New York, NY: Springer. p. 38.
2477:
1975:
1799:
1721:
1681:
1634:
1537:
1485:
658:
628:
622:
616:
512:
431:
63:
2717:
3579:
3512:
3161:
3134:
2608:
2525:
1809:
1594:
267:
90:
3620:
3494:
3437:
3279:
3180:
3078:
2986:
2600:
2544:
2490:
2309:
2252:
2156:
2114:
1741:
1711:
1574:
1517:
1101:
610:
3499:
3047:
Béna G, Prosperi JM, Lejeune B, Olivieri I (1998). "Evolution of annual species of the genus
3548:
3170:
3126:
3070:
3026:
2976:
2968:
2929:
2590:
2534:
2351:
2242:
2234:
2225:
2148:
2104:
1701:
1691:
1644:
1564:
1262:
1037:
976:
966:
521:
442:), an important forage crop, and the genus name is based on the Latin name for that plant,
1624:
1475:
1465:
1455:
1242:
1158:
544:
411:
246:
133:
3336:
3122:
3066:
2875:
3237:
2981:
2951:
2742:
2247:
2216:
1731:
670:
666:
456:
449:
120:
72:
3372:
3614:
2836:
2595:
2566:
674:
587:
554:
229:
31:
3138:
2893:
2787:
2612:
54:
3584:
3284:
2217:"Amplification, contraction and genomic spread of a satellite DNA family (E180) in
662:
238:
3248:
3261:
3558:
3463:
3406:
3231:
682:
654:
517:
468:
2914:
Gillespie DJ, McComb JA (1991). "Morphology and distribution of species in the
2539:
2516:
687:
634:
560:
496:
480:
212:
3222:
3331:
3318:
3175:
3156:
1987:
1983:
484:
467:(hence the common name). However, alfalfa grows to a height of 1 meter, and
189:
3538:
3184:
3074:
2972:
2604:
2548:
2451:
2256:
2160:
2118:
1986:. However, with minor revisions sections and subsections could be rendered
3130:
3082:
2990:
17:
3533:
3271:
3216:
2308:. The Hague, The Netherlands: Dr. W. Junk B. V. Publishers. p. 132.
2238:
427:
179:
146:
2109:
2074:
479:. Members of the genus are known to produce bioactive compounds such as
430:). It contains at least 87 species and is distributed mainly around the
393:
3385:
2515:
Maureira Butler IJ, Pfeil BE, Muangprom A, Osborn TC, Doyle JJ (2008).
2152:
565:
459:(grass). Most members of the genus are low, creeping herbs, resembling
435:
169:
3411:
3157:"Phylogenetic signal variation in the genomes of Medicago (Fabaceae)"
549:
460:
423:
159:
3193:
3030:
2933:
2355:
30:
This article is about the plant genus. For the biotech company, see
558:(deervetch) 49–51 million years ago (also in the Eocene), and from
3323:
650:
528:
476:
407:
392:
107:
3424:
2692:
2575:
symbiotic specificity evolution and the geographic expansion of
591:
strains and tested the symbiotic ability of six strains with 35
3197:
3310:
2373:
464:
2073:
Steele KP, Ickert-Bond SM, Zarre S, Wojciechowski MF (2010).
2399:
2278:
2425:
2714:"Genera Containing Currently Accepted Names: Medicago"
548:(soybean) about 53–55 million years ago (in the early
27:
Genus of flowering plants in the bean family
Fabaceae
3206:
2950:Béna G, Lejeune B, Prosperi JM, Olivieri I (1998).
2631:) | Mississippi State University Extension Service"
2336:Small E, Jomphe M (1989). "A Synopsis of the Genus
1824:The status of the following species is unresolved:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2422:"ICARDA Sustainable Agriculture for the Dry Areas"
2079:(Leguminosae): Evidence from analyses of plastid
2648:Belinda Hackney; Dr Brian Dear; Graham Crocker.
2175:"Alfalfa Crop Germplasm Committee Report, 2000"
2027:has been questioned by Small and Jomphe, 1988.
585:(2005) constructed a molecular phylogeny of 23
1820:Species names with uncertain taxonomic status
8:
2565:Béna G, Lyet A, Huguet T, Olivier I (2005).
572:Ecological interactions with other organisms
443:
3194:
71:
53:
42:
3174:
3002:
3000:
2980:
2594:
2538:
2471:
2469:
2396:"GRIN National Genetic Resources Program"
2331:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2246:
2215:Rosato M, Galián JA, Rosselló JA (2012).
2130:
2128:
2108:
3150:
3148:
3094:
3092:
3042:
3040:
2945:
2943:
2560:
2558:
2068:
2066:
2813:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
2039:
1999:
649:species are used as food plants by the
577:Symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia
397:Anatomical diagram of Medicago flowers.
3051:: a molecular phylogenetic approach".
2075:"Phylogeny and character evolution in
2045:
2043:
7:
3572:27aad4b2-34dd-42c6-8f60-fb8246f7579d
3487:9de85513-37bb-4366-b7a8-d0ad1d3e68cc
2876:"The Biota of North America Program"
685:moths and case-bearers of the genus
853:(Huber-Mor. & Sirjaev) E. Small
2671:"Factsheet - Spineless burr medic"
2306:(Leguminosae): A Taxogenetic Study
320:(Serg.) Opiz (1852), nom. superfl.
25:
3526:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331761-2
2596:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00952.x
2486:Genetics and Genomics of Soybean
2478:"3. Legume Comparative Genomics"
564:10–22 million years ago (in the
94:
2764:"IPNI Plant Name Query Results"
2201:(2nd ed., 2005), p. 1054, s.v.
2739:"Species Nomenclature in GRIN"
2199:New Oxford American Dictionary
1:
2650:"Naturalised pasture legumes"
2221:(Fabaceae) and allied genera"
2060:. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
1976:molecular phylogenic analyses
203:Inverted repeat-lacking clade
2300:Lesinš KA, Lesinš I (1979).
1089:(Boiss. & Bal.) E. Small
991:Greuter, Matthas & Risse
920:(Boiss. & Bal.) E. Small
910:(Boiss. & Bal.) E. Small
893:(Boiss. & Bal.) E. Small
873:(Boiss. & Bal.) E. Small
715:This list is compiled from:
328:Noulet (1837), nom. superfl.
3636:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
2517:"The reticulate history of
1359:Medicago archiducis-nicolai
763:(Fisch. & Mey.) Trautv.
3652:
2057:Plants of the World Online
679:setaceous Hebrew character
29:
2540:10.1080/10635150802172168
843:(Kar. & Kir.) Trautv.
453:
273:
266:
259:
254:
244:
237:
91:Scientific classification
89:
79:
70:
61:
52:
45:
36:Medicago (disambiguation)
2784:"AgroAtlas - Relatives"
2141:Natural Product Reports
1675:Subsection Pachyspireae
1558:Subsection Leptospireae
899:Subsection Isthmocarpae
819:Medicago medicaginoides
3075:10.1006/mpev.1998.0493
2973:10.1098/rspb.1998.0410
1829:Medicago agropyretorum
1780:Medicago sphaerocarpos
1511:Subsection Intertextae
906:Medicago rhytidiocarpa
703:(feeds exclusively on
657:species including the
531:), and INRA (France).
444:
398:
3176:10.1093/sysbio/syt009
3131:10.1007/s006060170012
3103:species to the genus
2720:on September 30, 2008
2675:keys.lucidcentral.org
2635:extension.msstate.edu
2483:. In Stacey G (ed.).
1933:Medicago talyschensis
1925:Medicago schischkinii
1896:(A. Heller) A. Heller
1893:Medicago karatschaica
1885:Medicago hemicoerulea
1752:Medicago rigiduloides
1609:Winkl. & Fedtsch.
1548:Medicago muricoleptis
1313:Medicago suffruticosa
1215:M. p. pseudorupestris
1139:Medicago daghestanica
1112:Medicago secundiflora
833:(C. A. Meyer) Trautv.
773:(Huber-Mor.) E. Small
753:(Huber-Mor.) E. Small
396:
2858:"eFlora Search Page"
1869:Medicago grossheimii
1585:Medicago disciformis
1528:Medicago granadensis
1379:Medicago edgeworthii
1342:Medicago orbicularis
1065:Medicago brachycarpa
1031:Section Hymenocarpos
950:Medicago carstiensis
933:Medicago monspeliaca
916:Medicago isthmocarpa
879:Medicago polyceratia
809:Medicago heldreichii
789:Medicago fischeriana
493:triterpenoid saponin
414:, commonly known as
82:Medicago granadensis
34:For other uses, see
3123:2001PSyEv.229..217B
3067:1998MolPE...9..552B
3054:Mol Phylogenet Evol
2967:(1401): 1141–1151.
2428:on 11 December 2008
2281:on 29 December 2008
2273:Medicago truncatula
2110:10.3732/ajb.1000009
2006:Some sources treat
1957:Medicago vardanis'
1941:Medicago transoxana
1856:Maire & Weiller
1800:Medicago truncatula
1770:Medicago soleirolii
1722:Medicago littoralis
1682:Medicago constricta
1635:Medicago polymorpha
1538:Medicago intertexta
1506:Section Spirocarpos
1486:Medicago scutellata
1446:Medicago blancheana
1399:Medicago playtcarpa
1352:Section Platycarpae
1335:Section Orbiculares
1129:Medicago cancellata
981:(Font Quer) Greuter
960:Section Dendrotelis
943:Section Carstiensae
926:Subsection Reflexae
849:Medicago pamphylica
839:Medicago orthoceras
725:Subsection Deflexae
629:Medicago polymorpha
623:Medicago intertexta
617:Medicago truncatula
513:Medicago truncatula
432:Mediterranean Basin
64:Medicago littoralis
2476:Cannon S. (2008).
2376:on 26 October 2008
2239:10.1093/aob/mcr309
2153:10.1039/C3NP70104B
1965:Medicago virescens
1917:Medicago polychroa
1901:Medicago komarovii
1861:Medicago difalcata
1845:Medicago caucasica
1837:Medicago alatavica
1810:Medicago turbinata
1665:Medicago tenoreana
1615:Medicago laxispira
1595:Medicago laciniata
1496:Medicago shepardii
1439:Subsection Rotatae
1429:Medicago ruthenica
1327:M. s. suffruticosa
1303:Medicago saxatilis
1233:Medicago rupestris
1201:Medicago prostrata
1169:Medicago papillosa
1059:(Griseb.) E. Small
987:Medicago strasseri
799:Medicago halophila
779:Medicago crassipes
759:Medicago astroites
749:Medicago arenicola
742:Subsection Erectae
399:
261:87–105; see text.
3608:
3607:
3495:Open Tree of Life
3200:Taxon identifiers
2928:(12): 2655–2662.
2689:"ILDIS LegumeWeb"
2629:Medicago lupulina
2496:978-0-387-72298-6
2402:on 14 August 2009
2315:978-90-6193-598-8
2025:Medicago sinskiae
1969:
1960:
1953:
1952:(Murb.) A.W. Hill
1949:Medicago tunetana
1945:
1937:
1929:
1921:
1913:
1905:
1897:
1889:
1881:
1877:Medicago gunibica
1873:
1865:
1857:
1853:Medicago cyrenaea
1849:
1841:
1833:
1815:
1805:
1795:
1785:
1775:
1765:
1761:Medicago sinskiae
1757:
1747:
1742:Medicago rigidula
1737:
1727:
1717:
1712:Medicago lesinsii
1707:
1697:
1687:
1670:
1660:
1655:Medicago sauvagei
1650:
1640:
1630:
1620:
1610:
1605:Medicago lanigera
1600:
1590:
1580:
1575:Medicago coronata
1570:
1553:
1543:
1533:
1523:
1518:Medicago ciliaris
1501:
1491:
1481:
1471:
1461:
1451:
1434:
1424:
1423:(E. Kor.) Sirjaev
1414:
1404:
1394:
1384:
1374:
1369:Medicago cretacea
1364:
1347:
1318:
1308:
1248:
1238:
1228:
1223:Medicago rhodopea
1206:
1196:
1174:
1164:
1154:
1144:
1134:
1117:
1107:
1102:Medicago lupulina
1095:Section Lupularia
1090:
1085:Medicago rostrata
1080:
1070:
1060:
1043:
1026:
1021:Medicago heyniana
1014:Section Heynianae
1009:
1004:Medicago hypogaea
992:
982:
972:
955:
938:
921:
911:
894:
884:
874:
864:
863:(Boiss.) E. Small
854:
844:
834:
829:Medicago monantha
824:
814:
813:(Boiss.) E. Small
804:
803:(Boiss.) E. Small
794:
784:
783:(Boiss.) E. Small
774:
764:
754:
737:
736:(Boiss.) E. Small
732:Medicago retrorsa
642:Insect herbivores
611:Medicago lupulina
604:Agricultural uses
391:
390:
233:
16:(Redirected from
3643:
3601:
3600:
3588:
3587:
3575:
3574:
3562:
3561:
3552:
3551:
3542:
3541:
3529:
3528:
3516:
3515:
3503:
3502:
3490:
3489:
3480:
3479:
3467:
3466:
3464:NHMSYS0000460628
3454:
3453:
3441:
3440:
3428:
3427:
3415:
3414:
3402:
3401:
3389:
3388:
3376:
3375:
3366:
3365:
3353:
3352:
3340:
3339:
3327:
3326:
3314:
3313:
3301:
3300:
3288:
3287:
3275:
3274:
3265:
3264:
3252:
3251:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3178:
3152:
3143:
3142:
3117:(3–4): 217–236.
3096:
3087:
3086:
3044:
3035:
3034:
3004:
2995:
2994:
2984:
2947:
2938:
2937:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2892:. Archived from
2890:"The Plant List"
2886:
2880:
2879:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2835:. Archived from
2829:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2786:. Archived from
2780:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2741:. Archived from
2735:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2716:. Archived from
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2691:. Archived from
2685:
2679:
2678:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2654:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2598:
2562:
2553:
2552:
2542:
2512:
2501:
2500:
2482:
2473:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2450:. Archived from
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2424:. Archived from
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2398:. Archived from
2392:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2372:. Archived from
2366:
2360:
2359:
2340:(Leguminosae)".
2333:
2320:
2319:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2277:. Archived from
2267:
2261:
2260:
2250:
2212:
2206:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2177:. Archived from
2171:
2165:
2164:
2132:
2123:
2122:
2112:
2103:(7): 1142–1155.
2070:
2061:
2047:
2028:
2023:The validity of
2021:
2015:
2012:Medicago arborea
2010:as a synonym of
2008:Medicago citrina
2004:
1967:
1958:
1951:
1943:
1935:
1927:
1919:
1911:
1903:
1895:
1887:
1879:
1871:
1863:
1855:
1847:
1839:
1831:
1813:
1803:
1793:
1790:Medicago syriaca
1783:
1773:
1763:
1755:
1745:
1735:
1725:
1715:
1705:
1702:Medicago italica
1695:
1692:Medicago doliata
1685:
1668:
1658:
1648:
1645:Medicago praecox
1638:
1628:
1618:
1608:
1598:
1588:
1578:
1568:
1565:Medicago arabica
1551:
1541:
1531:
1521:
1499:
1489:
1479:
1469:
1459:
1449:
1432:
1422:
1419:Medicago popovii
1413:(Boiss.) Sirjaev
1412:
1409:Medicago plicata
1402:
1393:(Boiss.) Sirjaev
1392:
1382:
1372:
1362:
1345:
1316:
1306:
1263:Medicago falcata
1246:
1236:
1226:
1204:
1194:
1191:Medicago pironae
1178:M. p. macrocarpa
1172:
1162:
1153:(Pourr.) Trautv.
1152:
1149:Medicago hybrida
1142:
1132:
1122:Section Medicago
1115:
1105:
1088:
1078:
1068:
1058:
1055:Medicago biflora
1041:
1038:Medicago radiata
1024:
1007:
997:Section Geocarpa
990:
980:
977:Medicago citrina
970:
967:Medicago arborea
953:
936:
919:
909:
892:
882:
872:
869:Medicago phrygia
862:
859:Medicago persica
852:
842:
832:
823:(Retz.) E. Small
822:
812:
802:
792:
782:
772:
762:
752:
735:
701:C. fuscociliella
489:medicagenic acid
455:
447:
412:flowering plants
385:
384:Vassilcz. (1979)
377:
369:
361:
360:Vassilcz. (1972)
353:
345:
337:
329:
321:
313:
312:Vassilcz. (1979)
305:
297:
289:
288:Vassilcz. (1979)
281:
228:
99:
98:
75:
57:
43:
21:
3651:
3650:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3631:Fabaceae genera
3611:
3610:
3609:
3604:
3596:
3591:
3583:
3578:
3570:
3565:
3557:
3555:
3547:
3545:
3537:
3532:
3524:
3519:
3511:
3506:
3498:
3493:
3485:
3483:
3475:
3470:
3462:
3457:
3449:
3444:
3436:
3431:
3423:
3418:
3410:
3405:
3397:
3392:
3384:
3379:
3371:
3369:
3361:
3356:
3348:
3343:
3335:
3330:
3322:
3317:
3309:
3304:
3296:
3291:
3283:
3278:
3270:
3268:
3260:
3255:
3247:
3245:
3236:
3235:
3230:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3202:
3192:
3154:
3153:
3146:
3110:Plant Syst Evol
3098:
3097:
3090:
3046:
3045:
3038:
3031:10.1139/b98-047
3006:
3005:
2998:
2949:
2948:
2941:
2934:10.1139/b91-333
2913:
2912:
2908:
2899:
2897:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2862:www.efloras.org
2856:
2855:
2851:
2842:
2840:
2833:"Discover Life"
2831:
2830:
2826:
2817:
2815:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2793:
2791:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2748:
2746:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2723:
2721:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2698:
2696:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2652:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2564:
2563:
2556:
2514:
2513:
2504:
2497:
2480:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2457:
2455:
2454:on 31 July 2010
2446:
2445:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2405:
2403:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2379:
2377:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2356:10.1139/b89-405
2350:(11): 3260–94.
2335:
2334:
2323:
2316:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2284:
2282:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2197:
2193:
2184:
2182:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2134:
2133:
2126:
2072:
2071:
2064:
2048:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2031:
2022:
2018:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1972:
1909:Medicago meyeri
1822:
1677:
1625:Medicago minima
1560:
1513:
1508:
1476:Medicago rotata
1466:Medicago rugosa
1456:Medicago noeana
1441:
1389:Medicago ovalis
1354:
1337:
1322:M. s. leiocarpa
1290:M. s. glomerata
1243:Medicago sativa
1210:M. p. prostrata
1183:M. p. papillosa
1159:Medicago marina
1124:
1097:
1075:Medicago huberi
1050:
1048:Section Lunatae
1033:
1016:
999:
962:
945:
928:
901:
889:Medicago rigida
769:Medicago carica
744:
727:
722:
720:Section Buceras
713:
644:
606:
579:
574:
537:
383:
375:
367:
359:
351:
343:
335:
327:
319:
311:
303:
295:
287:
279:
250:
247:Medicago sativa
227:
93:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3649:
3647:
3639:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3613:
3612:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3589:
3585:wfo-4000023435
3576:
3563:
3553:
3543:
3530:
3517:
3504:
3491:
3481:
3468:
3455:
3442:
3429:
3416:
3403:
3390:
3377:
3367:
3354:
3341:
3328:
3315:
3302:
3289:
3276:
3266:
3253:
3243:
3228:
3212:
3210:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3191:
3190:
3144:
3088:
3061:(3): 552–559.
3036:
3025:(5): 791–803.
2996:
2939:
2916:Medicago murex
2906:
2881:
2867:
2849:
2824:
2800:
2775:
2755:
2730:
2705:
2680:
2662:
2640:
2627:"Black Medic (
2618:
2589:(6): 1547–58.
2554:
2533:(6): 466–482.
2502:
2495:
2465:
2439:
2413:
2387:
2361:
2321:
2314:
2292:
2262:
2207:
2191:
2166:
2147:(3): 356–380.
2124:
2062:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2016:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1971:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1946:
1938:
1930:
1922:
1914:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1866:
1858:
1850:
1842:
1834:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1806:
1796:
1786:
1776:
1766:
1758:
1748:
1738:
1732:Medicago murex
1728:
1726:Rohde ex Lois.
1718:
1708:
1706:(Miller) Fiori
1698:
1688:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1661:
1651:
1641:
1631:
1621:
1611:
1601:
1591:
1581:
1571:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1544:
1534:
1524:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1492:
1482:
1472:
1462:
1452:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1425:
1415:
1405:
1395:
1385:
1375:
1365:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1309:
1299:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1276:
1258:M. s. falcata
1255:
1253:M. s. caerulea
1239:
1229:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1197:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1165:
1155:
1145:
1135:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1108:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1081:
1071:
1061:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1010:
998:
995:
994:
993:
983:
973:
961:
958:
957:
956:
944:
941:
940:
939:
927:
924:
923:
922:
912:
900:
897:
896:
895:
885:
875:
865:
855:
845:
835:
825:
815:
805:
795:
793:(Ser.) Trautv.
785:
775:
765:
755:
743:
740:
739:
738:
726:
723:
721:
718:
717:
712:
709:
671:lime-speck pug
667:latticed heath
643:
640:
605:
602:
578:
575:
573:
570:
542:diverged from
536:
533:
389:
388:
387:
386:
378:
370:
362:
354:
352:Kostel. (1844)
346:
338:
330:
322:
314:
306:
298:
290:
282:
271:
270:
264:
263:
257:
256:
252:
251:
242:
241:
235:
234:
220:
216:
215:
210:
206:
205:
200:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
150:
149:
144:
137:
136:
131:
124:
123:
118:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
87:
86:
77:
76:
68:
67:
59:
58:
50:
49:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3648:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3599:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3540:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3478:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3395:
3391:
3387:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3368:
3364:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3267:
3263:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3244:
3239:
3233:
3229:
3224:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3186:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3169:(3): 424–38.
3168:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3102:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3003:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2961:
2960:Proc Biol Sci
2957:
2955:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2910:
2907:
2896:on 2019-03-26
2895:
2891:
2885:
2882:
2877:
2871:
2868:
2863:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2839:on 2011-06-12
2838:
2834:
2828:
2825:
2814:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2790:on 2008-12-25
2789:
2785:
2779:
2776:
2765:
2759:
2756:
2745:on 1999-05-01
2744:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2706:
2695:on 1999-10-07
2694:
2690:
2684:
2681:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2663:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2622:
2619:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2583:J. Evol. Biol
2580:
2578:
2574:
2573:Sinorhizobium
2570:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2520:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2498:
2492:
2488:
2487:
2479:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2375:
2371:
2365:
2362:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2317:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2296:
2293:
2280:
2276:
2274:
2266:
2263:
2258:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2233:(4): 773–82.
2232:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2220:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2192:
2181:on 2009-05-05
2180:
2176:
2170:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2052:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2003:
2000:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1950:
1947:
1942:
1939:
1934:
1931:
1926:
1923:
1918:
1915:
1910:
1907:
1902:
1899:
1894:
1891:
1886:
1883:
1878:
1875:
1870:
1867:
1862:
1859:
1854:
1851:
1846:
1843:
1838:
1835:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1819:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1759:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1433:(L.) Ledebour
1431:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:Ramond ex DC.
1315:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1006:
1005:
1001:
1000:
996:
989:
988:
984:
979:
978:
974:
969:
968:
964:
963:
959:
952:
951:
947:
946:
942:
935:
934:
930:
929:
925:
918:
917:
913:
908:
907:
903:
902:
898:
891:
890:
886:
881:
880:
876:
871:
870:
866:
861:
860:
856:
851:
850:
846:
841:
840:
836:
831:
830:
826:
821:
820:
816:
811:
810:
806:
801:
800:
796:
791:
790:
786:
781:
780:
776:
771:
770:
766:
761:
760:
756:
751:
750:
746:
745:
741:
734:
733:
729:
728:
724:
719:
716:
710:
708:
706:
702:
698:
695:(recorded on
694:
693:C. frischella
690:
689:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
641:
639:
637:
636:
631:
630:
625:
624:
619:
618:
613:
612:
603:
601:
599:
594:
590:
589:
588:Sinorhizobium
584:
576:
571:
569:
567:
563:
562:
557:
556:
551:
547:
546:
541:
534:
532:
530:
525:
523:
519:
515:
514:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
451:
446:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:
395:
382:
379:
376:Medik. (1787)
374:
371:
366:
363:
358:
355:
350:
347:
344:Medik. (1787)
342:
339:
334:
331:
326:
323:
318:
315:
310:
307:
302:
299:
294:
291:
286:
283:
280:Medik. (1787)
278:
275:
274:
272:
269:
265:
262:
258:
253:
249:
248:
243:
240:
236:
231:
226:
225:
221:
218:
217:
214:
211:
208:
207:
204:
201:
198:
195:
194:
191:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
126:
125:
122:
121:Tracheophytes
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
97:
92:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
69:
66:
65:
60:
56:
51:
48:
44:
41:
37:
33:
32:Medicago Inc.
19:
3626:Plant models
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2894:the original
2884:
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2837:the original
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2803:
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2788:the original
2778:
2767:. Retrieved
2758:
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2100:
2094:
2088:
2087:and nuclear
2084:
2080:
2076:
2055:
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2024:
2019:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1988:monophyletic
1984:polyphyletic
1979:
1973:
1964:
1956:
1948:
1940:
1932:
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1516:
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1403:(L.) Trautv.
1397:
1387:
1377:
1367:
1357:
1340:
1326:
1321:
1311:
1301:
1295:M. s. sativa
1294:
1289:
1282:
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1261:
1257:
1252:
1241:
1231:
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1100:
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817:
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704:
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692:
691:, including
686:
659:common swift
646:
645:
633:
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592:
586:
582:
580:
559:
553:
543:
539:
538:
526:
511:
510:The species
509:
507:= 14 to 48.
504:
503:range from 2
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454:μηδική (πόα)
439:
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402:
401:
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372:
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356:
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340:
336:Mill. (1754)
332:
324:
316:
308:
301:Factorovskya
300:
292:
284:
276:
260:
245:
239:Type species
223:
222:
196:
153:
140:
127:
114:
80:
62:
46:
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3407:iNaturalist
3232:Wikispecies
2521:(Fabaceae)"
2458:21 November
2432:21 November
2406:21 November
2380:21 November
2285:21 November
1599:(L.) Miller
1542:(L.) Miller
1490:(L.) Miller
655:Lepidoptera
518:outcrossing
499:numbers in
469:tree medick
463:, but with
368:Opiz (1852)
365:Spirocarpus
349:Nephromedia
296:Viv. (1824)
186:Subfamily:
134:Angiosperms
3615:Categories
3101:Trigonella
3011:intron in
2918:complex".
2900:2011-06-27
2843:2010-05-11
2818:2009-09-16
2809:"Medicago"
2794:2008-11-22
2769:2008-11-22
2749:2008-11-18
2724:2008-11-18
2699:2008-11-18
2659:. NSW DPI.
2657:primefacts
2185:2009-11-04
2139:species".
2091:sequences"
2035:References
1629:(L.) Bart.
1579:(L.) Bart.
1569:(L.) Huds.
1346:(L.) Bart.
1249:(alfalfa)
688:Coleophora
635:burr medic
561:Trigonella
497:Chromosome
481:medicarpin
473:M. arborea
381:Turukhania
304:Eig (1927)
293:Diploprion
213:Trifolieae
18:Bur Clover
3332:FloraBase
3162:Syst Biol
3018:Can J Bot
2921:Can J Bot
2526:Syst Biol
2343:Can J Bot
1959:Vassilcz.
1944:Vassilcz.
1904:Vassilcz.
1880:Vassilcz.
1872:Vassilcz.
1848:Vassilcz.
1840:Vassilcz.
1832:Vassilcz.
1814:(L.) All.
1746:(L.) All.
1279:M. s. f.
697:M. sativa
600:species.
535:Evolution
485:flavonoid
440:M. sativa
422:, in the
420:burclover
373:Trifillum
317:Lupularia
277:Cochleata
190:Faboideae
104:Kingdom:
3621:Medicago
3567:VicFlora
3556:VASCAN:
3539:40015430
3534:Tropicos
3373:medicago
3298:Medicago
3293:eFloraSA
3269:BioLib:
3238:Medicago
3217:Wikidata
3208:Medicago
3185:23417680
3139:42887106
3105:Medicago
3049:Medicago
3013:Medicago
2954:Medicago
2613:24813001
2605:16313467
2577:Medicago
2569:Medicago
2549:18570039
2519:Medicago
2338:Medicago
2304:Medicago
2257:22186276
2219:Medicago
2161:24481477
2137:Medicago
2119:21616866
2096:Am J Bot
2077:Medicago
2051:Medicago
1980:Medicago
1888:Sinskaya
1864:Sinskaya
1794:E. Small
1764:Uljanova
1756:E. Small
1716:E. Small
1696:Carmign.
1373:M. Bieb.
1270:M. s. f.
1133:M. Bieb.
1079:E. Small
1069:M. Bieb.
1008:E. Small
705:Medicago
653:of some
647:Medicago
598:Medicago
593:Medicago
552:), from
540:Medicago
501:Medicago
428:Fabaceae
426:family (
403:Medicago
357:Rhodusia
341:Medicula
325:Lupulina
309:Kamiella
268:Synonyms
255:Species
224:Medicago
180:Fabaceae
176:Family:
147:Eudicots
47:Medicago
3500:1086823
3438:1107129
3425:22899-1
3386:2965200
3223:Q159549
3119:Bibcode
3083:9668004
3063:Bibcode
2991:9684377
2982:1689169
2370:"SARDI"
2248:3286279
2226:Ann Bot
1974:Recent
1968:Grossh.
1936:Latsch.
1928:Sumnev.
1920:Grossh.
1804:Gaertn.
1784:Bertol.
1383:Sirjaev
1363:Sirjaev
1307:M. Bieb
1283:viscosa
1274:falcata
1237:M. Bieb
1025:Greuter
711:Species
707:spp.).
566:Miocene
545:Glycine
522:selfing
475:) is a
448:, from
436:alfalfa
285:Crimaea
219:Genus:
209:Tribe:
170:Fabales
166:Order:
108:Plantae
3598:425892
3549:701295
3546:uBio:
3508:PLANTS
3484:NZOR:
3451:183622
3370:FoIO:
3363:119947
3350:119947
3249:192480
3246:APDB:
3183:
3137:
3081:
2989:
2979:
2611:
2603:
2547:
2493:
2448:"INRA"
2312:
2302:Genus
2255:
2245:
2203:medick
2159:
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2089:GA3ox1
1912:Gruner
1736:Willd.
1686:Durieu
1532:Willd.
1480:Boiss.
1460:Boiss.
1450:Boiss.
1227:Velen.
1173:Boiss.
1116:Durieu
699:) and
683:turnip
681:, and
675:nutmeg
651:larvae
583:et al.
550:Eocene
487:) and
461:clover
457:Median
445:medica
424:legume
416:medick
333:Medica
232:(1753)
160:Rosids
3593:WoRMS
3513:MEDIC
3433:IRMNG
3412:53152
3337:21591
3324:1MEDG
3311:27787
3285:9CLB5
3272:40022
3262:59052
3135:S2CID
3107:L.".
3009:rpoC1
2653:(PDF)
2609:S2CID
2481:(PDF)
1994:Notes
1659:Nègre
1470:Desr.
1281:var.
1272:var.
1205:Jacq.
1143:Rupr.
954:Wulf.
663:flame
581:Béna
555:Lotus
529:Syria
477:shrub
450:Greek
408:genus
406:is a
197:Clade
154:Clade
141:Clade
128:Clade
115:Clade
3559:1402
3521:POWO
3477:3877
3472:NCBI
3446:ITIS
3420:IPNI
3399:7365
3394:GRIN
3381:GBIF
3319:EPPO
3257:APNI
3181:PMID
3079:PMID
2987:PMID
2601:PMID
2545:PMID
2491:ISBN
2460:2008
2434:2008
2408:2008
2382:2008
2310:ISBN
2287:2008
2253:PMID
2157:PMID
2115:PMID
2085:matK
2081:trnK
1774:Duby
1669:Ser.
1619:Heyn
1552:Tin.
1500:Post
1195:Vis.
626:and
614:and
520:and
465:burs
85:bur
3580:WFO
3459:NBN
3358:FoC
3345:FNA
3306:EoL
3280:CoL
3171:doi
3127:doi
3115:229
3071:doi
3027:doi
2977:PMC
2969:doi
2965:265
2956:L."
2930:doi
2591:doi
2535:doi
2352:doi
2243:PMC
2235:doi
2231:109
2149:doi
2105:doi
1978:of
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491:(a
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