66:
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970:
1114:
668:
993:. All towns, except Kooringa, were built outside the mining lease but were still close to the mine as it was at the northern edge of the lease. The formation of the townships was forced by the refusal of SAMA to grant any freeholds within Kooringa, so miners began moving into other townships from the end of 1849. During their early lives, each of the townships largely had their own
50:
73:
771:
By April 1848 the mine was employing 567 people and supporting a population of 1,500 in the township of
Kooringa. Employment at the mine peaked at 1,208 in 1859 and declined continuously until the mine's closure in 1877. In November 1877 most of the remaining disposable equipment and stores were sold
629:
had amended land grant regulations forcing the hundred of
Kooringa to be a 20,000-acre (8,100 ha) rectangle, placing the two copper finds at opposite ends. Due to the £20,000 (sterling) price of the land it was divided in two, with each half sold to a different group and the division decided by
804:
The
Princess Royal Mine was never successful, and in June 1859 the Princess Royal Mining Company closed its doors. During its brief life the mine produced 468 long tons (476 t) of copper worth £6,500 from 888 long tons (902 t) of ore. The mine and surrounding 10,000 acres (4,000 ha)
696:
was paid on 24 June 1847 and by 1 December 1847 the mine had returned total dividends of £49,280. Over the mine's 32-year life, less than 100 shareholders received £826,586 in mining dividends. All mining dividends stopped after the mine closed in 1877, with the mine area sold in 1902 and the last
645:
The Burra Burra Mine was established by the snobs in their northern selection, the
Princess Royal Mine by the nobs in their southern. In 1846, 347 acres (140 ha) just north of the division was sold to the Scottish Australian Investment Company for £5,550 where they established the Bon Accord
791:
would extend under the properties boundary. No extension was found and, to recoup money, the townships of
Aberdeen (1849) and New Aberdeen (1872) were formed on company land. Stoppage of pumping at the Burra Burra Mine in 1877 caused a rise in the water level in the neighbouring Bon Accord Mine
471:
that flows through the town. From at least 1851 the collection of townships near the mine became referred to as "The Burra". The town of Burra was officially formed in 1940 by a notice in the South
Australian Government Gazette with the consolidation of the mostly culturally-based townships of
1099:
Burra's population has declined from a peak of 5,000 in 1851 to a present figure of approximately 1,000. The dramatic decrease at the end of mining inhibited expansion and helped preserve many of the original buildings and houses. The
District Council of Burra was proclaimed in 1872, the Town
675:
Until 1860 the mine was the largest metals mine in
Australia. From 1845 to 1877 the mine produced approximately 50,000 tonnes of copper. The mine was reopened as a modern open cut in 1971, operating for a decade with 24,000 tonnes of copper extracted. The mine's Adelaide operation was run by
369:
When the mine was exhausted and closed the population shrank dramatically and the townships, for the next 100 years, supported pastoral and agricultural activities. Today the town continues as a centre for its surrounding farming communities and, being one of the best-preserved towns of the
1095:
The historic Burra neighbourhoods of
Kooringa, Llwchwr, Aberdeen, New Aberdeen, and Graham ceased to be separately recognised and were included as part of Burra township proper in July 1940. Redruth was renamed "Burra North" at that time; it would eventually be merged with Burra as well.
1226:
In 1846 a group of speculators from
Scotland formed the Bon Accord Mining Company, purchasing a section of land on the northern boundary of the special survey, hoping that the ore body extended under the boundary. Due to the lack of success in mining company, land near the mine was
1045:
for the Murray District and initially housed in a company cottage in Kooringa. The first hotel was a temporary wooden structure erected at the entrance to the township of Kooringa in mid-1846, and the first permanent hotel was the Burra Hotel (opened 25 September 1847) built by
763:
to take over as general manager, he having resigned his post as Deputy Surveyor General of South Australia, but by September 1848 the unsatisfied company directors had sacked him. By 1848 the wages reached their lowest level, which precipitated the Burra miners'
1310:
Burra today is an important regional centre for surrounding farming communities and a historic tourist destination. From its 1994 declaration as a State Heritage Town, tourism has grown to an estimate of 41,000 visitors in 2000. While many visitors are
342:. The town began as a single company mining township that, by 1851, was a set of townships (company, private and government-owned) collectively known as "The Burra". The Burra mines supplied 89% of South Australia's and 5% of the world's
619:, had walked the 90 miles from Burra as did Thomas Pickett, a shepherd on a neighbouring property who made a further find. News of the copper this heralded was published on 21 June in Adelaide newspapers, and the site was soon named
792:
forcing it to also close. Mining activity lasted from 1846 until 1849, was restarted in 1858 and finally ceased four years later with no orebody having been discovered. Many of the mine's buildings remain and are preserved by the
768:, being the first industrial strike in South Australia and earliest workers' strike of any consequence in Australia. The strike came and went numerous times, with miners not completely returning to work until January 1849.
1278:
steam train on 19 September 1992. The last light engines ran to Burra in 2004 with the line being formally closed. After falling into disrepair, the station building has been renovated for use as a visitor centre and
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and other historic places. Burra is listed on the Register of the National Estate and many buildings are on the List of State Heritage Items. The town is publicly claimed to be the "Merino capital of the world".
1036:
from Julia Creek to the south into temporary accommodation provided by SAMA. Permanent lockup cells and stables were completed in Redruth mid-1847. In September that year, William Lang was appointed resident
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was supplied from 1884 from the flooded and abandoned Bon Accord Mine with water reaching 100 houses by 1885. This was the primary source for Burra until 1966 when it was replaced with water piped from the
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officials and other townspeople left for the gold fields and by 1854 the town appeared largely deserted. The number of townships increased dramatically as a result of an 1858 proposal to extend a
904:, produced in the town from 3 March 1949 to 22 February 1951. Published by Harold Du Rieue, the newspaper's coverage included the districts of Riverton, Tarlee, Rhynie and Saddleworth.
1326:, well-preserved mining buildings and a pump engine house which today houses a museum. Several chimneys from the mining industry have survived and a tourist trail showcases the old
1186:. During the life of the Burra Burra Mine, the township was widely reported as shabby, rundown and poorly maintained with the inhabitants having little incentive to maintain their
845:'s main sheep trading centre until the mid-20th century. The Baldina Run, a major sheep station of 50 square miles some 10 miles east of Burra, near Kooringa, was established by
1170:
Kooringa was the first company township in Australia and, until the closure of the mine, was maintained as a strictly company-run town. The township's name is derived from the
630:
lot. The surveyed area was named the Burra Creek Special Survey. It is 8 by 4 miles (12.9 by 6.4 km), divided into two squares, 4 miles to a side. A group of wealthy
222:
210:
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1295:. Other townships that either never succeeded or had been abandoned by 1940 were Princesstown, Lostwithiel, Westbury, Roachtown, Yarwood, Millertown, Warrapoota and Clonmel.
2094:
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was delayed by the slow surveying of hundreds, as until these had been done there was no freehold or leasehold land but only grazing rights. As Burra lies almost on
724:
and open-cut operations starting in 1870 although, over the remaining life of the mine, small underground operations extracted more ore than the expensive open cut.
2733:
475:
The name Burra Burra has been asserted to have come from numerous sources. As early as July 1843, when the locality was already a sheep outstation for pastoralist
2959:
951:
surveyed and laid out the township, completing it in April 1846, and named many of the streets after directors of SAMA. From the beginning the township was a
386:
2018:
1304:
65:
1274:. It was erected in 1883, replacing the original building. Regular passenger services ended at the end of 1986, with the last passenger train being an
198:
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512:
98:
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1025:. When the railway failed to be built most of the new townships failed and, in 1876, the remaining townships formed the Corporation of Burra.
1434:
1275:
1203:
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1066:
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The townships of Copperhouse, Hampton and Nelson were not included in the 1940 proclamation forming the town of Burra, as they had become
704:
Most of the copper was for sale to India as it was taking over a third of world copper supply in the mid-19th century. Due to the lack of
381:, which outlines the best practice standard for cultural heritage management in Australia, is named for a conference held here in 1979 by
3276:
608:
1218:
the entire smelting works comprising men, materials, tools, staff and families. Smelting was reported to be in operation by May 1849.
1074:
1247:
by the company prevented SAMA from acquiring the land, as they had in Redruth. New Aberdeen was subdivided after 1872 arrival of the
467:
The name applied to what is now the town of Burra has changed over time. The Burra Burra Copper Mine was named after the Burra Burra
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3175:
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2999:
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307:
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and Germany. The mine first closed in 1877, briefly opened again early in the 20th century and for a last time from 1970 to 1981.
3100:
2936:
3271:
3230:
2037:
879:, the town's first publication, which was first published on 30 June 1876. After 26 weekly issues, in 1877, it was renamed to
354:
was established in 1848 mining the copper deposit discovered in 1845. Miners and townspeople migrated to Burra primarily from
3195:
1799:
548:
293:
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which was the first in Australia when erected in 1848. Due to the uneconomic state of the mine, in 1868 a decision made to
451:". This process took millions of years to convert the low grade copper sulphide ore, which was probably created 300 to 400
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3064:
3059:
1446:
339:
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3205:
3200:
3165:
3155:
3125:
3019:
1873:
1423:
The miners' strike was the first strike in South Australia and the first industrial strike of significance in Australia
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524:
250:
215:
91:
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3190:
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rights for their flocks on unsurveyed land. Over the life of the Burra Mine, most food was brought in as there was no
793:
286:
245:
183:
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Telegraph, post office and National Australia Bank open. Floods wipe out most of the miners' dugouts along the creek
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3180:
3150:
3105:
3075:
2983:
1062:
948:
302:
278:
266:
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2883:
The economic value of tourism to places of cultural significance, A case study of three towns with mining heritage
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3029:
1755:
1500:
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Burra's reported population of 5,000 made it the 7th largest town in Australia and the largest inland settlement
1248:
1154:, built in 1856, was the first country gaol in South Australia. From 1897 to 1922, the gaol was used as a girls'
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297:
262:
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3170:
3120:
3115:
3054:
3004:
2994:
2625:
1264:
1252:
347:
282:
189:
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of 1851 over a third of the population were living along the creek and the census compiler took time to note:
2760:
3130:
3069:
3039:
3024:
1751:
1022:
990:
982:
911:, a publication released from 2006 to 2013. It was formed by the merger of struggling local newspapers, the
559:
grazed much of the Ngadjuri land from the 1840s and, although there was conflict, Ngadjuri people worked as
270:
2041:
955:, built at low cost and with insufficient housing, which forced many miners to dig makeshift homes. In the
759:
in 1845 to £87 in 1848) the company continually sought to reduce wages. In August 1847 the company enticed
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3135:
3014:
1171:
1070:
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it is rated at the edge of marginal land for farming. After mining the town became a pastoral centre, and
572:
544:
500:
153:
137:
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1920:
1263:
The broadgauge railway eventually went through Burra to reach a break of gauge station further north at
1118:
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The Burra Burra Mine covers 15 acres (6.1 ha) with 8 miles (13 km) of tunnels and galleries.
1255:, and most of the early buildings in the two townships were constructed in the three years following.
1365:
1335:
818:
552:
476:
1158:. SAMA delayed building in Redruth when they bought 77 of the 120 lots on offer at the initial land
1334:
cottages in the creek bank, a row of miners' cottages built in 1850, the cellars of the demolished
728:
488:
448:
398:
1270:
Burra railway station is 1,555 feet (474 m) above sea level and 112 miles (180 km) from
849:
in 1851, leased by J and C. B. Fisher until 1862, then taken over by Alfred Barker, son-in-law of
1964:
Burra proclaimed Merino capital of the world. Railway line closed (now dismantled north of Burra)
1228:
1135:
944:
830:
626:
335:
2928:
1678:
Motor vehicles appear for sale in Burra. Unicorn Brewery closed due to new Commonwealth tax laws
697:
property of SAMA in Kooringa sold in 1914. A final dividend was paid on 5 May 1916 and SAMA was
1243:. Streets were named to honour directors of the Bon Accord Mining Company and the retention of
813:
From as early as 1843 shepherding had been common around Burra, with pastoral pioneers such as
2907:
2886:
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1280:
998:
917:
893:
681:
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Redruth was a government township formed in 1850 to break SAMA's monopoly. It is named after
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2458:
1924:
was filmed in the area with Market Square featuring due to its preserved Victorian buildings
1905:
1331:
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Corporation in 1876 and in 1969 the District Council and Town Corporation were amalgamated.
838:
440:
417:
402:
382:
227:
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Redruth, Aberdeen, New Aberdeen, Hampton, Copperhouse, Kooringa, Llwchwr, and Lostwithiel.
350:) with saving the economy of the struggling new colony of South Australia. The Burra Burra
2940:
1319:, over 40% of the visitors come from outside South Australia and over 50% stay overnight.
1055:
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established the first branch in Kooringa, most exchange was either in the form of company
977:
Largely due to the company nature of the settlement, development was slow, with the first
969:
842:
781:
421:
327:
40:
1322:
The town and mine are both well preserved with many original buildings, the water filled
2441:
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properties. Kooringa is still the main section of the town and is known as Burra South.
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had put up a total of £12,320 of which £10,000 was spent purchasing the land. The first
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1187:
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927:
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436:
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2400:
1901:
1877:
1323:
931:. Its distribution included the towns of Burra, Eudunda, Jamestown and Peterborough.
765:
740:
556:
378:
371:
491:
for 'great great', used by Indians shepherds working for another early pastoralist,
1711:
1604:
1382:
1327:
1151:
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1080:
964:
There are no houses, the dwellings being excavated in the banks of the Burra Creek.
952:
863:
331:
1113:
2862:
The Story of the 'Monster Mine', The Burra Burra Mine and its Townships 1845-1877
688:
was chief Captain, responsible for day-to-day operations, from 1847 to 1867. The
634:(known as "the nobs") purchased the southern half of the division and a group of
2629:. Vol. LXXXIII, no. 4, 728. South Australia. 1 August 1940. p. 13
2376:"Notice of Sale, South Australia: Mineral, Pastoral and Agricultural property".
1774:
1618:
Present railway station building constructed, replacing a former wooden building
1312:
1155:
1089:
1002:
940:
846:
834:
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784:
760:
713:
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685:
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616:
604:
495:, to refer to creek. The name could also have come from Stein's home country of
492:
351:
2258:
2004:
A new Unicorn Brewery (microbrewery) opens for business, headquartered in Burra
667:
1812:
1629:
1292:
1240:
1214:, Wales and other nearby villages. In May 1848, the company had imported from
1139:
1038:
1014:
826:
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and by mid-1846, the Bon Accord Mining Company had also commenced operations.
635:
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452:
49:
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113:
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1816:
1405:
1033:
1006:
868:
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568:
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for 15 years, and the settlement has been credited (along with the mines at
671:
Burra Burra open cut mine pit. Original working buildings in the background
17:
1316:
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752:
717:
709:
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363:
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2095:
Department of Environment & Natural Resources > The Burra Charter
3080:
2881:
Cegielski, Michele; Janexzko Ben; Mules Trevor; Wells Jeosette (2001).
1215:
1211:
1159:
1127:
1042:
1018:
822:
744:
736:
727:
Over the life of the mine, Henry Ayers jealously preserved shareholder
576:
456:
433:
1092:
on 27 March 1924 from the newly formed Burra electric supply company.
483:. Despite that obvious (though misspelt) connection to the indigenous
1849:
1408:
1029:
956:
883:
before being renamed again in July 1878. In 1977, it merged with the
584:
468:
406:
343:
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of the 1850s. Their population was seriously depleted by introduced
1445:
First public town meeting to discuss the proposed South Australian
925:. It was owned by the Taylor group, with editorial control via the
547:
people whose first Western contact was in 1839. The first European
326:
is a pastoral centre and historic tourist town in the mid-north of
1771:
1207:
1138:. The township was the site of all original government buildings (
1112:
994:
986:
973:
Dugouts along the creek, used by a third of the population in 1851
968:
666:
508:
443:
amongst the host rock. The malachite and azurite were formed from
359:
2430:. Kooringa , S. Aust. : Henry Pether and Frank Jarman. 1877.
1984:
District Council amalgamated into the District Council of Goyder
1739:
1655:
1539:
Burra District Council formed. Township of New Aberdeen laid out
1143:
978:
788:
732:
651:
642:
and SAMA (collectively known as "the snobs") the northern half.
564:
523:
in Cornwall occur nearby; also possible origins for the name. A
487:, a later theory persistently postulates that it comes from the
2955:
2841:
Burra Burra – Reminiscences of the Burra Mine and its Townships
2147:
1231:
in 1849 forming Aberdeen (named after the east coastal city of
720:
the mine. Mining ceased underground, having reached a depth of
1890:
Wettest year on record with 35.06 inches (891 mm) of rain
756:
2945:
1700:
Morphett's Engine House demolished for use as building stone
515:; possibly coincidentally several ancient placenames such as
1838:
Driest year on record with 6.50 inches (165 mm) of rain
567:
scourers, particularly once the area was emptied during the
527:
is located in Tennessee and named after the Australian one.
2865:. Burra, South Australia: District Council of Burra Burra.
947:
of SAMA the site of the township of Kooringa was chosen.
587:
sites in the area and some people able to claim Ngadjuri
1644:
Unsuccessful attempt to form a company to reopen mining
708:
in South Australia, copper ore was initially shipped to
2885:. Canberra, Australia: Australian Heritage Commission.
2646:
2644:
1882:$ 3 Million plans for expansion announced by Samin Ltd
646:
Mine. Mining began on 29 September 1845 with the first
2281:
2279:
2114:
2112:
1565:
Proclamation of the Corporation of the Town of Burra
1378:
Townsite chosen and first streets laid out in Kooringa
805:
of then pastoral land was auctioned on 24 April 1860.
780:
The Bon Accord Mining Company was formed on behalf of
599:
On 9 June 1845 William Streair bore samples of a rich
2844:. Hawthorndene, South Australia: Investigator Press.
2823:. Hawthorndene, South Australia: Investigator Press.
2443:
The County Light times [newspaper: microform]
2081:
2079:
2608:
The Burra Electric Supply Co Ltd: Opening Invitation
1393:
First cottages built and a police contingent arrives
1239:), with the company seeking to recoup some of their
1202:, was built by the Patent Copper Company (later the
1162:, paying almost 20 times the overall reserve price.
755:
per day. With declining copper prices (from £91 per
540:
The original inhabitants of the Burra area were the
2142:
2140:
2138:
2136:
1996:Princess Royal Mine area sold to CR and SP Pty Ltd
1864:Samin Ltd begins production of copper concentrates
1654:Burra slag extraction company begins operations on
1013:, emptied the town of many miners. Whole families,
871:covering Burra and the mid-north eastern area. The
221:
209:
197:
170:
162:
152:
144:
129:
90:
34:
1368:sketches a shepherd's hut on the Burra Burra Creek
1830:Burra Burra Mine area opened as a tourist resort
650:charge set off on the monster Burra Burra copper
555:, whose head station was Gum Creek near Manoora.
134:
1028:In September 1846 the townships had their first
234:
1303:For surviving historic buildings in Burra, see
1061:Burra's first parliamentary representative was
1005:, schools, and shops and identity. In 1851 the
751:, with the company refusing to pay more than 8
416:The main body of copper ore formed between two
1499:Act No. 20 passed authorising construction of
1206:) to avoid the need to ship all of the ore to
334:in the Bald Hills range, part of the northern
2967:
829:offered by SAMA on the land and no adjoining
8:
1727:Burra Electricity Supply Company switches on
1690:Burra Mine area (262 acres) sold for £6,000
387:International Council on Monuments and Sites
374:in Australia, as a historic tourist centre.
2903:Discovering historic Burra, South Australia
2734:"Burra Railway Station Official Re-Opening"
2019:List of reduplicated Australian place names
1150:). The courthouse was erected in 1857, and
939:During a visit in October 1845 to Burra by
684:of SAMA, from its opening until the 1890s.
2974:
2960:
2952:
2637:– via National Library of Australia.
2051:
1852:Ram of $ 27,200 from the Collinsville Stud
1305:List of heritage listed buildings in Burra
1054:. The Burra Hotel became the town's first
48:
31:
2736:. burrabroadcaster.com.au. Archived from
2446:. Burra, S. Aust: F. Teare Marston. 1949.
2226:
2224:
2222:
1516:Burra Burra Mine workforce reduced to 46
1088:. The Burra received its first supply of
1381:Discovery of copper and commencement of
1346:
1134:and its streets are named after Cornish
1050:, a SAMA director and original owner of
739:. In October 1846 this caused the first
513:Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape
2820:Burra and District – A Pictorial Memoir
2029:
1431:Redruth and Aberdeen land auctions held
1210:. The streets are named after those in
188:121 km (75 mi) north-west of
182:121 km (75 mi) south-east of
2946:Burra Visitor & Information Centre
1974:Burra proclaimed a state heritage area
411:Temperate Grassland of South Australia
2459:"LibGuides: SA Newspapers: Mid North"
1777:(Pexton's nugget) found at Mongolata
1491:Princess Royal Mining Company closes
1396:Mining begins at the Bon Accord Mine
1204:English and Australian Copper Company
1065:who was elected in 1851 to the first
291:
260:
243:
236:
7:
1549:Original Unicorn Brewery established
1058:in 1878 and was demolished in 1968.
787:, in the expectation that the Burra
2785:Cegielski et al. (2001), pp. 28, 39
2042:"Burra (urban centre and locality)"
615:in the employ of local pastoralist
609:South Australian Mining Association
428:wide and mainly consisted of green
2794:Cegielski et al. (2001), pp. 31–32
1872:Resited Cornish chimney opened by
1758:and takes townspeople for joyrides
1513:Freehold land for sale on Kooringa
1063:George Strickland "Paddy" Kingston
981:not opening until 1859. Until the
722:183 metres (600 ft)
712:. The company purchased a Cornish
389:) where the document was adopted.
176:156 km (97 mi) north of
25:
1946:Final attempt to reopen the mine
1077:in its first parliament of 1857.
794:National Trust of South Australia
447:minerals, by a process known as "
426:70 metres (230 ft)
2934:South Australian History – Burra
2427:The Burra news and northern mail
2265:, Department of Mines and Energy
1032:force with the movement of four
71:
64:
3292:Mining towns in South Australia
3287:Copper mines in South Australia
2485:"LibGuides: SA Newspapers: M-N"
2378:The South Australian Advertiser
2038:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1787:District Council of Burra Burra
1742:discovered at nearby Mongolata
1714:unveils the Burra and District
1117:Redruth Gaol, used in the film
1073:, and for the same area to the
772:off and mining by SAMA ceased.
2722:SAR Public timetable 1963, pg3
2380:. 15 February 1860. p. 4.
424:rocks. The ore body was up to
405:, near Burra, Baldina and Gum
1:
2906:. Burra Tourist Association.
2761:"All aboard at Burra Station"
1584:Inaugural agricultural show.
881:Burra News and Northern Mail,
663:Burra Burra or 'Monster Mine'
575:and they were reported to be
72:
2982:Towns and localities of the
1954:Rail services to Burra cease
1785:The Council merges into the
1668:– Burra's greatest snowstorm
1600:Burra News and Northern Mail
1581:Burra News and Northern Mail
900:Another publication was the
579:by 1878. Traces remain with
507:' was discovered in 1851 in
479:of Manoora, it was known as
397:Burra is located within the
3282:Mid North (South Australia)
2759:Keira James (3 June 2014).
1437:begins smelting copper ore
1353:Town, people and local area
1198:Llwchwr, sometimes spelled
907:Burra was also home to the
662:
3308:
3277:Cornish-Australian culture
2984:Regional Council of Goyder
2870:Blainey, Geoffrey (1980).
1632:skeletons at Baldina Creek
1531:Open cut operations begin
1505:Underground mining ceases
1302:
949:George Strickland Kingston
833:were declared until 1860.
731:by ruthlessly controlling
455:during the last period of
204:Regional Council of Goyder
166:474 m (1,555 ft)
2990:
2732:Michelle (9 April 2015).
2686:Auhl, I 1986, pp. 163–168
2621:"NEW TOWN NAMES APPROVED"
2562:Auhl, I 1986, pp. 117–121
2312:Auhl, I 1986, pp. 196–211
2097:Retrieved 15 August 2011.
1936:Work ceases at the mine.
1848:World record price for a
1716:Fallen Soldiers' memorial
1411:built as the first church
1222:Aberdeen and New Aberdeen
1011:Bathurst, New South Wales
989:or at shops operating as
611:(SAMA). Streair, a young
313:
237:
233:
59:
47:
3267:Towns in South Australia
2948:Retrieved 15 August 2011
2803:Blainey, G. 1980, p. 119
2767:. Fairfax Regional Media
1608:(continuing until 1977)
1591:Burra Burra Mine closes
1385:at the Burra Burra Mine
1069:as member for Burra and
503:languages. A so-called '
401:a few kilometres inside
239:Localities around Burra:
3050:Burra Eastern Districts
2838:Auhl, Ian, ed. (1980).
2508:Auhl, I 1986, pp. 71–79
2330:Auhl, I 1986, pp. 90–98
2177:Auhl, I 1986, pp. 32–33
2168:Auhl, I 1986, pp. 23–24
1815:first displayed in the
1752:Charles Kingsford Smith
1587:Burra Hospital opened
935:Development of the town
891:, which in turn became
29:Town in South Australia
3272:Burra, South Australia
2939:3 October 2018 at the
2695:Drew, G.J. 1991, p. 10
2405:www.samemory.sa.gov.au
2148:"The History of Burra"
2130:, 7 July 1843, page 3.
2046:Australian Census 2021
1468:Redruth Gaol completed
1184:locality of the sheoak
1123:
974:
967:
875:had begun life as the
672:
409:. The lies within the
330:. It lies east of the
114:33.66667°S 138.93333°E
2929:Burra Deposit Summary
2489:guides.slsa.sa.gov.au
2463:guides.slsa.sa.gov.au
2230:Drew, G.J. 1991, p. 3
2198:Drew, G.J. 1991, p. 4
2150:. Burra History Group
2106:Drew, G.J. 1991, p. 8
1563:, was first printed.
1559:The first newspaper,
1435:Patent Copper Company
1116:
972:
961:
921:(1991–2006), and the
909:Mid North Broadcaster
670:
453:millions of years ago
393:Geology and geography
2713:Auhl, I 1986, p. 121
2704:Auhl, I 1986, p. 112
2677:Auhl, I 1986, p. 120
2668:Auhl, I 1986, p. 250
2659:Auhl, I 1986, p. 257
2650:Auhl, I 1986, p. 116
2598:Auhl, I 1986, p. 433
2589:Auhl, I 1986, p. 114
2580:Auhl, I 1986, p. 214
2571:Auhl, I 1986, p. 252
2553:Auhl, I 1986, p. 232
2544:Auhl, I 1986, p. 133
2535:Auhl, I 1986, p. 245
2517:Auhl, I 1986, p. 122
2390:Auhl, I 1986, p. 405
2366:Auhl, I 1986, p. 341
2348:Auhl, I 1986, p. 432
2303:Auhl, I 1986, p. 165
2294:Auhl, I 1986, p. 143
2248:Auhl, I 1986, p. 187
2118:Auhl, I 1986, p. 101
2073:Auhl, I 1986, p. 339
627:Governor George Grey
536:Original inhabitants
449:secondary enrichment
119:-33.66667; 138.93333
2900:Drew, G.J. (1991).
2740:on 22 December 2015
2526:Auhl, I 1986, p. 90
2339:Auhl, I 1986, p. 80
2321:Auhl, I 1986, p. 87
2285:Auhl, I 1986, p. 89
2216:Auhl, I 1986, p. 75
2207:Auhl, I 1986, p. 34
2189:, 19 September 1934
2128:Southern Australian
2085:Auhl, I 1980, p. 11
1067:legislative council
889:Review-Times-Record
800:Princess Royal Mine
607:, secretary of the
603:into the office of
595:Discovery of copper
551:in this region was
505:English Burra Burra
399:Hundred of Kooringa
223:Federal division(s)
211:State electorate(s)
110: /
2859:Auhl, Ian (1986).
2817:Auhl, Ian (1980).
2259:"The Monster Mine"
2064:Auhl, I 1986, p. 1
1124:
975:
913:Peterborough Times
902:County Light Times
839:Goyder's 1865 line
673:
336:Mount Lofty Ranges
3254:
3253:
2610:, in Auhl, I 1980
2357:Drew, G.J., p. 19
2010:
2009:
1383:mining operations
1364:Surveyor General
1075:house of assembly
918:Burra Broadcaster
915:(2003–2006), the
894:The Flinders News
809:Pastoral activity
573:European diseases
418:geological faults
321:
320:
317:
316:
16:(Redirected from
3299:
3176:North Booborowie
3161:Mount Bryan East
3111:Hallelujah Hills
3000:Australia Plains
2976:
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2239:Drew, G.J., p. 7
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2040:(28 June 2022).
2034:
1906:Australia ICOMOS
1524:First train and
1501:railway to Burra
1347:
923:Eudunda Observer
723:
621:The Monster Mine
525:Burra Burra mine
427:
383:Australia ICOMOS
308:Hallelujah Hills
256:Mount Bryan East
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3101:Geranium Plains
2986:
2980:
2941:Wayback Machine
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2873:A Land Half Won
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2401:"Northern Mail"
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2015:
1904:was adopted by
1528:arrive at Burra
1345:
1336:Unicorn Brewery
1308:
1301:
1289:
1287:Other townships
1261:
1224:
1196:
1178:meaning either
1168:
1111:
1106:
1056:public hospital
991:money exchanges
937:
859:
843:South Australia
811:
802:
778:
776:Bon Accord Mine
721:
665:
660:
597:
538:
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499:or a number of
485:Ngadjuri people
465:
445:copper sulphide
425:
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858:
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2017:
2016:
2012:
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1926:
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1917:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1902:Burra Charter
1899:
1896:
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1892:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1879:
1878:Mark Oliphant
1875:
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1800:housing trust
1797:
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1634:
1631:
1628:Discovery of
1627:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1577:Northern Mail
1575:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1561:Northern Mail
1558:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1526:rabbit plague
1523:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1495:
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1359:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1324:open cut mine
1320:
1318:
1315:and are from
1314:
1306:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1277:
1273:
1268:
1266:
1258:
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1221:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1180:in the circle
1177:
1173:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1157:
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1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
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1064:
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1031:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
983:National Bank
980:
971:
966:
965:
960:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
934:
932:
930:
929:
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920:
919:
914:
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905:
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898:
896:
895:
890:
886:
882:
878:
877:Northern Mail
874:
870:
866:
865:
856:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
819:William Peter
816:
808:
806:
799:
797:
796:as a museum.
795:
790:
786:
783:
775:
773:
769:
767:
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586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
553:William Peter
550:
546:
543:
535:
531:Early history
530:
528:
526:
522:
519:in Devon and
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
477:William Peter
473:
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458:
454:
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446:
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438:
435:
431:
423:
419:
414:
412:
408:
404:
403:Goyder's Line
400:
392:
390:
388:
384:
380:
379:Burra Charter
375:
373:
372:Victorian era
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
312:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
295:
294:Porter Lagoon
292:
288:
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132:
128:
123:
95:
93:
89:
67:
58:
51:
46:
42:
33:
27:
19:
3086:Farrell Flat
3065:Collinsville
3060:Canowie Belt
3044:
2904:
2901:
2882:
2874:
2871:
2863:
2860:
2842:
2839:
2821:
2818:
2799:
2790:
2781:
2769:. Retrieved
2764:
2754:
2742:. Retrieved
2738:the original
2727:
2718:
2709:
2700:
2691:
2682:
2673:
2664:
2655:
2633:22 September
2631:. Retrieved
2624:
2615:
2607:
2603:
2594:
2585:
2576:
2567:
2558:
2549:
2540:
2531:
2522:
2513:
2504:
2492:. Retrieved
2488:
2478:
2466:. Retrieved
2462:
2452:
2442:
2436:
2426:
2420:
2408:. Retrieved
2404:
2395:
2386:
2377:
2371:
2362:
2353:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2290:
2267:, retrieved
2262:
2253:
2244:
2235:
2212:
2203:
2194:
2187:Burra Record
2186:
2182:
2173:
2164:
2152:. Retrieved
2127:
2123:
2102:
2090:
2069:
2060:
2045:
2032:
1919:
1786:
1715:
1712:Billy Hughes
1666:White Sunday
1665:
1605:Burra Record
1603:
1599:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1564:
1560:
1447:constitution
1328:Redruth Gaol
1321:
1313:day-trippers
1309:
1290:
1269:
1262:
1249:railway line
1225:
1199:
1197:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1152:Redruth Gaol
1136:mining towns
1125:
1119:
1098:
1094:
1086:Murray River
1079:
1060:
1027:
1003:post offices
976:
963:
962:
953:company town
938:
926:
922:
916:
912:
908:
906:
901:
899:
892:
888:
887:to form the
885:Review-Times
884:
880:
876:
873:Burra Record
872:
864:Burra Record
862:
860:
812:
803:
779:
770:
726:
703:
701:and closed.
674:
644:
625:
620:
598:
557:Pastoralists
539:
481:Burrow Creek
480:
474:
466:
459:near Burra.
415:
396:
376:
368:
332:Clare Valley
323:
322:
238:
26:
3216:Sutherlands
3206:Rocky Plain
3201:Robertstown
3166:Neales Flat
3156:Mount Bryan
3126:Hansborough
3020:Brady Creek
2771:14 December
2744:14 December
2410:27 February
1802:homes built
1775:gold nugget
1299:Burra today
1293:ghost towns
1156:reformatory
1090:electricity
1081:Piped water
1052:Ayers House
941:Henry Ayers
847:Henry Ayers
835:Agriculture
815:James Stein
785:speculators
761:Thomas Burr
749:bricklayers
714:beam engine
686:Henry Roach
678:Henry Ayers
636:shopkeepers
632:capitalists
617:James Stein
605:Henry Ayers
569:gold rushes
493:James Stein
352:Copper Mine
340:Burra Creek
251:Mount Bryan
154:Postcode(s)
145:Established
117: /
92:Coordinates
18:Burra Burra
3261:Categories
3246:Worlds End
3191:Point Pass
3186:Pine Creek
3010:Booborowie
2810:References
2263:Burra Mine
1813:Television
1630:diprotodon
1366:E.C. Frome
1330:, miners'
1241:investment
1229:subdivided
1172:Aboriginal
1140:courthouse
1039:magistrate
1034:constables
1021:line from
1015:government
601:copper ore
545:Aboriginal
501:Aboriginal
489:Hindustani
420:in broken
287:Worlds End
246:Booborowie
184:Port Pirie
130:Population
105:138°56′0″E
3211:Steinfeld
3181:Peep Hill
3151:Mongolata
3106:Gum Creek
3076:Emu Downs
2494:17 August
2468:17 August
2269:15 August
1918:The film
1817:town hall
1754:lands in
1656:slagheaps
1404:Kooringa
1176:kuri-ngga
1104:Townships
1007:gold rush
945:directors
897:in 1989.
869:newspaper
753:shillings
690:investors
682:secretary
648:gunpowder
640:merchants
561:shepherds
463:Etymology
457:vulcanism
432:and blue
430:malachite
338:, and on
303:Emu Downs
279:Mongolata
267:Gum Creek
163:Elevation
102:33°40′0″S
3146:Leighton
3141:Koonoona
3096:Frankton
3091:Franklyn
3035:Buchanan
3030:Brownlow
2937:Archived
2154:11 April
2013:See also
1908:in Burra
1874:Governor
1602:renamed
1579:renamed
1406:Wesleyan
1343:Timeline
1317:Adelaide
1272:Adelaide
1237:Scotland
1233:Aberdeen
1166:Kooringa
1132:Cornwall
999:churches
943:and the
831:hundreds
827:freehold
782:Scottish
737:expenses
718:open cut
710:Cornwall
706:smelting
699:wound up
694:dividend
613:shepherd
589:ancestry
581:rock art
549:squatter
542:Ngadjuri
521:Burraton
517:Burrator
497:Scotland
422:dolomite
364:Scotland
356:Cornwall
298:Koonoona
263:Leighton
178:Adelaide
171:Location
3236:Willalo
3226:Ulooloo
3221:Terowie
3171:Ngapala
3121:Hampden
3116:Hallett
3081:Eudunda
3055:Canowie
3005:Baldina
2995:Apoinga
1356:Mining
1281:B&B
1265:Terowie
1259:Railway
1253:Kapunda
1216:Swansea
1212:Llwchwr
1200:Llychwr
1194:Llwchwr
1160:auction
1128:Redruth
1109:Redruth
1043:coroner
1019:railway
823:grazing
729:profits
577:extinct
511:in the
441:nodules
434:azurite
348:Kapunda
283:Baldina
190:Renmark
3131:Hanson
3072:(part)
3070:Dutton
3040:Bundey
3025:Bright
2910:
2889:
2848:
2827:
2050:
1850:Merino
1798:First
1409:Chapel
1332:dugout
1188:rented
1030:police
1023:Gawler
995:hotels
957:census
867:was a
766:strike
745:masons
741:strike
658:Mining
585:burial
407:creeks
344:copper
271:Hanson
216:Stuart
199:LGA(s)
3241:Wonna
3136:Julia
3045:Burra
3015:Bower
2025:Notes
1772:ounce
1596:1878
1251:from
1208:Wales
1174:word
1071:Clare
1009:near
987:scrip
857:Media
743:, of
733:wages
509:Devon
469:Creek
437:veins
360:Wales
324:Burra
275:Burra
133:922 (
79:Burra
36:Burra
2908:ISBN
2887:ISBN
2846:ISBN
2825:ISBN
2773:2015
2746:2015
2635:2016
2496:2018
2470:2018
2412:2018
2271:2016
2156:2007
2001:2008
1991:2000
1981:1997
1971:1993
1961:1988
1951:1985
1941:1983
1931:1981
1915:1980
1900:The
1897:1979
1887:1974
1876:Sir
1869:1972
1859:1971
1845:1970
1835:1967
1825:1961
1809:1957
1795:1951
1782:1938
1770:183-
1765:1934
1750:Sir
1747:1932
1740:Gold
1734:1930
1724:1925
1705:1922
1695:1921
1685:1916
1675:1902
1662:1901
1649:1899
1639:1897
1625:1890
1615:1883
1573:1877
1556:1876
1546:1873
1536:1872
1521:1870
1510:1869
1496:1867
1485:1859
1475:1858
1465:1856
1455:1851
1442:1850
1428:1849
1418:1848
1401:1847
1390:1846
1375:1845
1361:1843
1350:Year
1276:ARHS
1146:and
1144:gaol
1041:and
979:bank
861:The
817:and
789:lode
747:and
735:and
652:lode
583:and
565:wool
563:and
439:and
377:The
228:Grey
158:5417
148:1845
138:2021
1235:in
1182:or
1130:in
757:ton
135:UCL
3263::
2763:.
2643:^
2623:.
2487:.
2461:.
2403:.
2278:^
2261:,
2221:^
2135:^
2111:^
2078:^
2044:.
1283:.
1267:.
1142:,
1001:,
997:,
853:.
680:,
638:,
623:.
591:.
413:.
362:,
358:,
2975:e
2968:t
2961:v
2916:.
2895:.
2876:.
2854:.
2833:.
2775:.
2748:.
2498:.
2472:.
2414:.
2158:.
2048:.
1307:.
385:(
140:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
