854:, Butler argues that human motivation is less selfish and more complex than Hobbes claimed. He maintains that the human mind is an organized hierarchy of a number of different impulses and principles, many of which are not fundamentally selfish. The ground floor, so to speak, holds a wide variety of specific emotions, appetites and affections, such as hunger, anger, fear and sympathy. They, in properly organized minds, are controlled by two superior principles: self-love (a desire to maximize one's own long-term happiness) and benevolence (a desire to promote general happiness). The more general impulses are in turn subject to the highest practical authority in the human mind: moral conscience. Conscience, Butler claims, is an inborn sense of right and wrong, an inner light and monitor, received from God. Conscience tells one to promote the general happiness and personal happiness. Experience informs that the two aims largely coincide in the present life. For many reasons, Butler argues, unethical and self-centred people who care nothing for the public good are not usually very happy.
678:
496:
976:'s influential theory of "personal identity", an explanation of what makes someone the "same person" from one time to the next, despite all the physical and psychological changes experienced over that period. Locke claimed that personal identity is not from having the same body or the same soul but from having the same consciousness and memory. According to Locke, memory is the "glue" that ties the various stages of our life together and constitutes sameness of person. This section of the
1849:
2879:
847:(1651). Hobbes was a materialist who believed that science reveals a world in which all events are causally determined and in which all human choices flow unavoidably from whatever desire is most powerful in a person at a given time. Hobbes saw human beings as being violent, self-seeking, and power-hungry. Such a view left no place for genuine altruism, benevolence or concept of morality as traditionally conceived.
3011:
1781:
1631:
872:
739:
1133:
64:
1844:
3021:
1796:
983:
More precisely, Locke claims, Person A is the same person as Person B only in a case where A and B share at least some of the same memories. Butler said that the way "real" memories can be distinguished from false ones is that people who had the experiences that are truly remembered. Thus, Butler
717:
was one of many book-length replies to the deists, and long believed to be the most effective. Butler argued that nature itself was full of mysteries and cruelties and so shared the same alleged defects as the Bible. Arguing on empiricist grounds that all knowledge of nature and human conduct is
1375:
857:
There are, however, rare cases where the wicked seem for a time to prosper. A perfect harmony of virtue and self-interest, Butler claimed, is guaranteed only by a just God, who in the afterlife rewards and punishes people as they deserve.
709:
had argued that nature provides clear evidence of an intelligent designer and artificer, but they rejected orthodox
Christianity due to the incredibility of miracles and the cruelties and contradictions recorded in the Bible.
993:
483:, and is widely seen as "one of the pre-eminent English moralists." He played a major, if underestimated role in developing 18th-century economic discourse, influencing the Dean of Gloucester and political economist
646:. His admirers have praised him as an excellent person and a diligent and conscientious churchman. Though indifferent to literature, he had some taste in the fine arts, especially architecture.
1645:
718:
merely probable, Butler appealed to a series of patterns ("analogies") observable in nature and human affairs, which in his view make the chief teachings of
Christianity likely.
835:
A Butler scholar, Stephen
Darwall, wrote: "Probably no figure had a greater impact on nineteenth-century British moral philosophy than Butler." Butler's chief target in the
4044:
2996:
2332:
725:
is "now largely of historical interest," with the only part widely read being the section which deals with his criticism of John Locke's theory of personal identity.
4039:
3727:
4129:
1978:
428:
3057:
1685:
1235:
4134:
4059:
4049:
2947:
4114:
1479:
1385:
As seen on his monument in Durham
Cathedral (same arms as Butler, Earl of Lanesborough (Burke, Bernard, The General Armory of England, 1884, p. 153))
4034:
1807:
Contains
Correspondence with Clarke, three episodes from Analogy of Religion, and five of the Fifteen Sermons, all lightly edited for easier reading
1427:
650:
1449:
4069:
4054:
2192:
1610:
1406:
1280:
3128:
2325:
3504:
2422:
1817:
1711:
1698:
3866:
3720:
3214:
527:
at
Gloucester (later Tewkesbury) for the purpose. There he began a secret correspondence with the Anglican theologian and philosopher
3861:
2447:
955:
822:
3024:
893:
886:
760:
753:
1053:
2234:
2117:
1971:
1189:
568:
610:
on 24 May 1740, keeping the office until his translation to Durham. He is said apocryphally to have declined an offer to become
4104:
3253:
3050:
3014:
2318:
2222:
4094:
4064:
3790:
3553:
2836:
2051:
31:
3248:
936:
803:
677:
4099:
4089:
3800:
3713:
3372:
2984:
908:
775:
395:
391:
333:
4029:
2957:
2106:
1670:
1220:
721:
Butler argued that "because nature is a mess of riddles, we cannot expect revelation to be any clearer" Today, Butler's
520:
4119:
4079:
2182:
1964:
915:
782:
2503:
4084:
3043:
2962:
2427:
2085:
658:
587:
882:
749:
4124:
3988:
3679:
3494:
3267:
2132:
2031:
1370:
Peter Xavier Price, 'LIBERTY, POVERTY AND CHARITY IN THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF JOSIAH TUCKER AND JOSEPH BUTLER',
4074:
3998:
3983:
3892:
3563:
3148:
2826:
2821:
2801:
2644:
2603:
2513:
2041:
1931:
1800:
1762:, Texts and Studies in Religion, Vol. 23. Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, New York & Queenston, Ontario, 1985
1422:
922:
789:
611:
92:
3090:
3917:
3907:
3871:
3846:
3649:
3583:
3573:
3558:
3541:
3499:
3438:
3428:
3184:
3133:
3123:
3118:
2979:
2811:
2786:
2776:
2760:
2078:
2061:
1948:
1046:
619:
576:
572:
560:
316:
138:
102:
2538:
701:"remained for a century the chief buttress of Christian argument against unbelief." English deists such as
3958:
3948:
3938:
3897:
3815:
3674:
3619:
3534:
3514:
3474:
3443:
3332:
3302:
3209:
3204:
3179:
3163:
3158:
3138:
2924:
2901:
2806:
2568:
2402:
2341:
2202:
2137:
2071:
1674:
1224:
904:
771:
635:
244:
2598:
2543:
3963:
3876:
3836:
3578:
3413:
3367:
3199:
3189:
3153:
3143:
2831:
2730:
2670:
2457:
2251:
2227:
2091:
1898:
1657:
302:
2990:
2573:
2533:
2467:
2407:
2382:
2377:
626:
in
October 1750; he was then enthroned by proxy on 9 November 1750. He is buried in Bristol Cathedral.
2523:
2477:
2442:
2437:
2417:
2397:
1780:
4109:
4024:
4019:
3912:
3902:
3694:
3634:
3282:
3085:
3080:
2918:
2750:
2710:
2593:
2588:
2553:
2528:
2472:
2412:
2349:
1908:
1270:
1151:
607:
567:, in his Bishop's Palace, Salisbury, his palace chapel and a priest on 21 December 1718 by Talbot at
342:
117:
2558:
2387:
1072:
A sermon preached before the
Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts
495:
3775:
3736:
3593:
3095:
2841:
2781:
2654:
2482:
2452:
2212:
2046:
1724:
1705:
1640:
1457:
615:
595:
591:
583:
564:
548:
2563:
515:
linen draper, Butler was destined for the ministry of that church, and with the future archbishop
3347:
2930:
2816:
2745:
2286:
2217:
2197:
2162:
2112:
2101:
2011:
1785:
1026:
623:
524:
403:
326:
298:
43:
2972:
63:
3489:
3398:
3357:
2852:
2796:
2432:
2261:
2036:
1987:
1878:
1862:
1829:
1679:
1606:
1402:
1276:
1229:
1146:
654:
599:
532:
476:
456:
209:
112:
74:
1396:
3973:
3922:
3841:
3785:
3588:
3524:
3469:
3362:
3352:
3312:
3238:
3066:
2952:
2878:
2791:
2720:
2705:
2695:
2665:
2619:
2518:
2364:
2266:
2122:
2066:
1938:
1853:
1194:
682:
544:
55:
1735:
Varieties of
Christian Apologetics: An Introduction to the Christian Philosophy of Religion
1096:
A sermon, preached before His Grace
Charles Duke of Richmond, Lenox, and Aubigny, president
929:
796:
3770:
3765:
3659:
3629:
3614:
3408:
3403:
3327:
3287:
3243:
3102:
2864:
2725:
2690:
2685:
2634:
2548:
2392:
2369:
2096:
2026:
2021:
399:
1115:
1040:
1661:
1101:
3968:
3831:
3805:
3654:
3644:
3624:
3509:
3479:
3433:
3423:
3418:
3393:
3307:
3292:
3108:
2967:
2846:
2715:
2675:
2649:
2583:
2578:
2299:
2281:
2271:
2256:
2157:
1997:
1888:
1062:
The Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed, to the Constitution and Course of Nature
706:
666:
639:
603:
472:
448:
193:
4013:
3993:
3953:
3851:
3810:
3755:
3750:
3639:
3609:
3519:
3484:
3342:
3317:
3297:
2907:
2755:
2740:
2487:
2462:
2207:
2187:
2172:
2142:
1918:
1635:
1138:
840:
536:
528:
516:
484:
444:
17:
1348:. Paterson, NJ: Littlefield, Adams, and Co., 1959, p. 83. Originally published 1930.
3943:
3795:
3760:
3689:
3684:
3669:
3448:
3337:
3322:
2895:
2700:
2629:
2508:
2292:
2276:
2167:
2147:
2127:
2016:
1871:
1117:
A charge delivered to the clergy at the primary visitation of the diocese of Durham
1010:
512:
228:
1825:
1760:
The Historical Argument for the Resurrection of Jesus During the Deist Controversy
1206:
1600:
3780:
3529:
2639:
2177:
2056:
871:
738:
702:
698:
480:
464:
423:
411:
271:
232:
2310:
1398:
Conscience, Consciousness and Ethics in Joseph Butler's Philosophy and Ministry
3978:
3664:
3548:
2859:
2680:
2624:
1789:
1650:
1630:
1198:
1128:
973:
468:
460:
452:
338:
263:
1120:, 1751, 1786 – reprinted in Volume 2 of Gladstone's edition of Butler's works
1068:
1740, 1750, 1754, 1764, 1765, 1771, 1775, 1785, 1788, 1791, 1793, 1796, 1798
693:
During his lifetime and for many years after, Butler was best known for his
419:
407:
267:
175:
984:
claimed, memory presupposes personal identity and so cannot constitute it.
1795:
459:. The many philosophers and religious thinkers Butler influenced included
3113:
1838:
1066:
1060:
643:
354:
197:
3705:
3277:
662:
501:
Argent, three covered cups in bend between two bendlets engrailed sable
415:
171:
1694:
3219:
3194:
1956:
1678:
1255:
1228:
540:
3035:
1834:
1634: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1335:. New York: Modern Library, 1950, p. 41. Originally published 1946.
1806:
1156:
676:
602:
on 19 October 1738 and consecrated a bishop on 3 December 1738 at
494:
440:
367:
1296:
1812:
1755:, Paternoster, Exeter UK/William B. Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 1984
3709:
3039:
2314:
1960:
865:
732:
1666:, Philosophical Classics for English Readers, Blackwood, 1881
618:
to the king in 1746–1752. He was translated to Durham by the
373:
Circularity objection to Locke's account of personal identity
1078:
A sermon preached before the Right Honourable the Lord-Mayor
1744:: A Still Interesting Synthesis of Reason and Revelation,"
1256:"Butler, Joseph | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy"
606:
chapel. Remaining Bishop of Bristol, Butler was installed
843:
and the egoistic view of human nature he had defended in
1737:, Baker Book House, Grand Rapids, 1962, pp. 107–124
571:. After holding various other high positions, he became
1090:
A sermon preached in the parish-church of Christ-Church
1428:
The Clergy of the Church of England Database 1540–1835
1057:, 1726, 1729, 1736, 1749, 1759, 1765, 1769, 1774, 1792
1646:
A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature
1529:
Stephen L. Darwall, "Introduction" to Joseph Butler,
3931:
3885:
3824:
3743:
3602:
3457:
3381:
3262:
3228:
3172:
3073:
2940:
2886:
2769:
2612:
2496:
2357:
2348:
2244:
2004:
559:Butler was ordained a deacon on 26 October 1718 by
360:
348:
332:
322:
312:
294:
282:
277:
259:
251:
239:
224:
216:
204:
183:
157:
152:
144:
129:
124:
108:
98:
88:
80:
70:
41:
665:. He had his own collection of manuscripts (e. g.
27:English Anglican bishop and philosopher, 1692–1752
994:liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA)
1689:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). pp. 882–885.
1590:. Cincinnati: Jennings and Graham, 1847. p. 324.
1320:Sidgwick's Ethics and Victorian Moral Philosophy
1239:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). pp. 882–885.
1507:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1965, p. 125.
1996:For the sole Bishop suffragan of Bristol, see
1045:, 1716, 1719, 1725 – reprinted in Volume 1 of
3721:
3051:
2997:Surveyor of the Fabric of St Paul's Cathedral
2326:
1972:
1374:(2017), 1–30. doi:10.1017/S1479244317000518.
511:Butler was born on 18 May 1692. The son of a
8:
1649:. London: J. M. Dent & Sons – via
1605:. Church Publishing, Inc. 17 December 2019.
1193:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1054:Fifteen sermons preached at the Rolls Chapel
429:Fifteen Sermons Preached at the Rolls Chapel
1423:"Butler, Joseph (CCEd Ordination ID 26955)"
1275:. Offices of the Royal Historical Society.
1103:Six sermons preached upon publick occasions
1084:A sermon preached before the House of Lords
3728:
3714:
3706:
3058:
3044:
3036:
2354:
2333:
2319:
2311:
1979:
1965:
1957:
1858:
1042:Several letters to the Reverend Dr. Clarke
980:is the only widely read part of it today.
62:
38:
30:For other people named Joseph Butler, see
956:Learn how and when to remove this message
823:Learn how and when to remove this message
695:Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed
499:Arms of Joseph Butler, Bishop of Durham:
4045:18th-century English non-fiction writers
1701:, J. Fieser & B. Dowden (eds.), 2006
3461:rulers of the County Palatine of Durham
3385:rulers of the County Palatine of Durham
1322:. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978, p. 47.
1190:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1168:
634:Butler died in 1752 at Rosewell House,
4040:18th-century Church of England bishops
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
972:, Butler offers a famous criticism of
892:Please improve this article by adding
759:Please improve this article by adding
697:(1736), which according to historian
7:
3020:
1748:62 (October), 1980, pp. 365–381
1533:. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1983, p. 1.
1250:
1248:
1246:
4130:People from Stanhope, County Durham
1818:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1712:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1699:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1361:. New York: Macmillan, 1971, p. 47.
1456:. English Heritage. Archived from
681:Memorial to Bishop Joseph Butler,
531:. In 1714, he decided to join the
25:
4135:18th-century Anglican theologians
4060:18th-century English philosophers
4050:18th-century English male writers
1542:Darwall, "Introduction<" p. 3.
4115:English male non-fiction writers
3019:
3010:
3009:
2877:
2235:Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol
1842:
1794:
1779:
1707:Joseph Butler's Moral Philosophy
1629:
1131:
870:
737:
4035:Alumni of Oriel College, Oxford
3229:High Medieval Bishops of Durham
1850:Works by or about Joseph Butler
1733:Bernard Ramm, "Joseph Butler,"
426:). His principal works are the
359:
79:
2504:Arnald Frangerius de Cantilupo
1753:Miracles and the Critical Mind
1551:Darwall, "Introduction," p. 1.
1272:Handbook of British Chronology
32:Joseph Butler (disambiguation)
1:
2423:William of Sainte-Mère-Église
1401:. Boydell Press. p. 21.
1110:A catalogue of the libraries
1005:1692–1718: Joseph Butler Esq.
894:secondary or tertiary sources
761:secondary or tertiary sources
569:St James's Church, Piccadilly
439:He is known for critiques of
4070:English Anglican theologians
4055:18th-century English writers
3173:Bishops of Chester-le-Street
1602:Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018
1346:Five Types of Ethical Theory
1331:John Henry Cardinal Newman,
1207:UK public library membership
1841:(public domain audiobooks)
1769:, New York: Routledge, 1985
1746:Anglican Theological Review
1372:Modern Intellectual History
1297:"Joseph Butler (1692–1752)"
729:Ethics and moral psychology
547:degree in 1718 and named a
4151:
2985:St Paul's Cathedral School
992:Butler is honoured on the
614:in 1747, but he served as
582:In 1736 Butler became the
29:
3268:County Palatine of Durham
3005:
2875:
1994:
1945:
1936:
1928:
1915:
1906:
1895:
1885:
1876:
1868:
1861:
1728:Butler's Moral Philosophy
1049:edition of Butler's works
418:in the English county of
381:
377:
308:
135:21 December 1718 (priest)
133:26 October 1718 (deacon)
61:
54:
2802:Henry Longueville Mansel
1863:Church of England titles
1518:Modern Christian Thought
1359:Modern Christian Thought
612:Archbishop of Canterbury
507:Early life and education
2963:Old St Paul's Cathedral
2927:(Priest Vicar Chaplain)
2921:(Minor Canon Succentor)
2777:George Pretyman Tomline
2233:Diocese dissolved; see
1740:James Rurak, "Butler's
1686:Encyclopædia Britannica
1675:Grieve, Alexander James
1588:The Analogy of Religion
1503:Will and Ariel Durant,
1236:Encyclopædia Britannica
1225:Grieve, Alexander James
577:Stanhope, County Durham
434:The Analogy of Religion
317:18th-century philosophy
286:16 June (commemoration)
220:English (later British)
4105:English sermon writers
3939:William Boyd Carpenter
3620:Henry Montagu Villiers
3540:Episcopacy abolished (
3475:Christopher Bainbridge
3303:William of St. Barbara
3074:Bishops of Lindisfarne
2807:Richard William Church
2077:Episcopacy abolished (
1835:Works by Joseph Butler
1826:Works by Joseph Butler
1680:"Butler, Joseph"
1230:"Butler, Joseph"
881:relies excessively on
748:relies excessively on
685:
575:of the rich living of
503:
245:Kingsmead Square, Bath
4065:Anglican philosophers
3382:Late Medieval Bishops
3368:Robert of Holy Island
3263:High Medieval Bishops
2980:St Paul's Churchyard
2539:Richard de Kilvington
2252:George Forrest Browne
1658:William Lucas Collins
1484:The Church of England
1395:Tennant, Bob (2011).
1357:James C. Livingston,
1333:Apologia Pro Vita Sua
1269:Fryde, E. B. (1986).
1199:10.1093/ref:odnb/4198
968:In Appendix 1 of the
680:
498:
371:Analogies of religion
303:Oriel College, Oxford
18:Butler's Analogy
4100:Clerks of the Closet
4090:Christian apologists
3737:Clerks of the Closet
3635:Brooke Foss Westcott
3630:J. B. Lightfoot
3458:Early modern Bishops
3283:William de St-Calais
2751:Frederick Cornwallis
2711:Edward Stillingfleet
2473:Thomas Ingoldsthorpe
2413:Martin de Pattishall
2403:Gervase de Howbridge
1903:Bishop of Chichester
1803:at Wikimedia Commons
1641:Cousin, John William
1152:Christian philosophy
1030:Doctor Joseph Butler
1021:Doctor Joseph Butler
551:on 8 December 1733.
343:Christian philosophy
208:20 June 1752 (O.S.)
4030:People from Wantage
3603:Late modern Bishops
3594:William Van Mildert
2782:William Van Mildert
2599:Thomas Wynterbourne
2544:Walter de Alderbury
2483:William de Montfort
2342:St Paul's Cathedral
2213:William Lort Mansel
2047:Rowland Searchfield
1765:Penelhum, Terence,
1758:William Lane Craig
1725:Austin Duncan-Jones
1505:The Age of Voltaire
616:Clerk of the Closet
598:. He was nominated
596:Lancelot Blackburne
594:, on the advice of
565:Bishop of Salisbury
549:Doctor of Civil Law
4120:Critics of atheism
4095:Deans of St Paul's
4080:Bishops of Bristol
3348:Thomas de Melsonby
2991:St Paul's Survives
2898:(Canon Chancellor)
2817:William Ralph Inge
2458:Geoffrey de Fering
2198:Folliott Cornewall
2193:Reginald Courtenay
2183:Christopher Wilson
1988:Bishops of Bristol
1784:Works by or about
1460:on 18 October 2012
1318:J. B. Schneewind,
1187:"Butler, Joseph".
1027:The Right Reverend
862:Criticism of Locke
686:
525:dissenting academy
504:
327:Western philosophy
299:Tewkesbury Academy
44:The Right Reverend
4085:Bishops of Durham
4007:
4006:
3703:
3702:
3685:N. T. Wright
3490:Cuthbert Tunstall
3399:Lewis de Beaumont
3358:Walter of Kirkham
3067:Bishops of Durham
3033:
3032:
2916:(Canon Treasurer)
2904:(Canon Precentor)
2873:
2872:
2853:Michael Colclough
2797:Henry Hart Milman
2574:Reginald Kentwood
2534:Gilbert de Bruera
2468:Hervey de Boreham
2433:Walter de Saleron
2428:Henry de Cornhill
2408:Robert de Watford
2383:Ralph de Langford
2378:William de Mareni
2308:
2307:
2262:Clifford Woodward
2037:John Thornborough
1955:
1954:
1946:Succeeded by
1916:Succeeded by
1909:Dean of St Paul's
1886:Succeeded by
1879:Bishop of Bristol
1830:Project Gutenberg
1799:Media related to
1693:David E. White, "
1612:978-1-64065-235-4
1454:Images of England
1408:978-1-84383-612-4
1309:White (2006), §8.
1282:978-0-86193-106-4
1205:(Subscription or
1000:Styles and titles
966:
965:
958:
940:
833:
832:
825:
807:
655:Church of England
608:Dean of St Paul's
600:Bishop of Bristol
533:Church of England
477:John Henry Newman
457:personal identity
398:) was an English
385:
384:
289:Philosophy career
210:Bristol Cathedral
118:Dean of St Paul's
113:Bishop of Bristol
16:(Redirected from
4142:
4125:Critics of deism
3989:Christopher Hill
3974:John Bickersteth
3923:Randall Davidson
3842:Charles Trimnell
3801:Sir Edward Petre
3786:Walter Blandford
3730:
3723:
3716:
3707:
3680:Michael Turnbull
3589:Shute Barrington
3525:George Montaigne
3495:James Pilkington
3470:William Senhouse
3462:
3386:
3363:Robert Stitchill
3353:Nicholas Farnham
3313:Philip of Poitou
3270:
3060:
3053:
3046:
3037:
3023:
3022:
3013:
3012:
2953:Christopher Wren
2925:Helen O'Sullivan
2881:
2792:Edward Copleston
2721:William Sherlock
2706:William Sancroft
2696:Matthew Nicholas
2666:Alexander Nowell
2620:Robert Sherborne
2524:Vitalis de Testa
2519:Roger Northburgh
2478:Roger de La Legh
2443:Peter de Newport
2438:Robert de Barton
2418:Geoffrey de Lucy
2398:Alard de Burnham
2355:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2312:
2267:Frederick Cockin
2133:William Bradshaw
2123:George Smalridge
2107:Gilbert Ironside
2086:Gilbert Ironside
2067:Thomas Westfield
2032:Richard Fletcher
1981:
1974:
1967:
1958:
1939:Bishop of Durham
1929:Preceded by
1923:Bishop of Oxford
1896:Preceded by
1869:Preceded by
1859:
1854:Internet Archive
1846:
1845:
1822:
1798:
1783:
1690:
1682:
1654:
1633:
1617:
1616:
1597:
1591:
1584:
1578:
1571:
1565:
1558:
1552:
1549:
1543:
1540:
1534:
1527:
1521:
1514:
1508:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1450:"Rosewell House"
1446:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1377:
1368:
1362:
1355:
1349:
1342:
1336:
1329:
1323:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1301:
1300:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1252:
1241:
1240:
1232:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1202:
1184:
1141:
1136:
1135:
1134:
961:
954:
950:
947:
941:
939:
898:
874:
866:
828:
821:
817:
814:
808:
806:
765:
741:
733:
683:Durham Cathedral
636:Kingsmead Square
630:Death and legacy
545:Bachelor of Arts
243:Rosewell House,
190:
167:
165:
153:Personal details
66:
56:Bishop of Durham
39:
21:
4150:
4149:
4145:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4139:
4075:Anglican saints
4010:
4009:
4008:
4003:
3999:Richard Jackson
3984:Jonathan Bailey
3927:
3893:William Jackson
3881:
3820:
3771:Gilbert Sheldon
3766:Richard Steward
3739:
3734:
3704:
3699:
3660:Maurice Harland
3615:Charles Longley
3598:
3564:Edward Chandler
3463:
3460:
3459:
3453:
3409:Thomas Hatfield
3404:Richard de Bury
3387:
3384:
3383:
3377:
3288:Ranulf Flambard
3271:
3265:
3264:
3258:
3224:
3168:
3069:
3064:
3034:
3029:
3001:
2973:St Paul's Cross
2936:
2919:Rosemary Morton
2917:
2888:
2882:
2869:
2865:Andrew Tremlett
2827:Martin Sullivan
2822:Walter Matthews
2765:
2726:Henry Godolphin
2691:Richard Steward
2686:Thomas Winniffe
2635:Richard Sampson
2608:
2604:William Worsley
2594:Roger Radclyffe
2554:John de Appleby
2549:Thomas Trilleck
2529:John de Everdon
2514:Richard Newport
2492:
2393:Ralph de Diceto
2370:Ranulf Flambard
2344:
2339:
2309:
2304:
2240:
2097:William Gulston
2042:Nicholas Felton
2027:John Bullingham
2022:Richard Cheyney
2000:
1990:
1985:
1951:
1942:
1934:
1932:Edward Chandler
1924:
1922:
1912:
1904:
1902:
1891:
1882:
1874:
1843:
1813:"Joseph Butler"
1811:
1776:
1721:
1719:Further reading
1671:Adamson, Robert
1669:
1639:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1613:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1586:Joseph Butler,
1585:
1581:
1572:
1568:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1528:
1524:
1515:
1511:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1463:
1461:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1433:
1431:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1409:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1369:
1365:
1356:
1352:
1343:
1339:
1330:
1326:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1283:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1254:
1253:
1244:
1221:Adamson, Robert
1219:
1218:
1214:
1204:
1186:
1185:
1170:
1165:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1037:
1002:
990:
962:
951:
945:
942:
905:"Joseph Butler"
899:
897:
891:
887:primary sources
875:
864:
829:
818:
812:
809:
772:"Joseph Butler"
766:
764:
758:
754:primary sources
742:
731:
691:
689:Attack on deism
675:
632:
557:
509:
493:
400:Anglican bishop
394:– 16 June 1752
372:
370:
363:
351:
301:
287:
231:
200:, Great Britain
192:
188:
179:
169:
163:
161:
148:3 December 1738
136:
134:
116:
93:Edward Chandler
50:
47:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4148:
4146:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4012:
4011:
4005:
4004:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3969:Gordon Fallows
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3918:Henry Philpott
3915:
3910:
3908:Edward Stanley
3905:
3900:
3895:
3889:
3887:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3874:
3872:William Buller
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3847:Richard Willis
3844:
3839:
3834:
3832:William Graham
3828:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3806:John Tillotson
3803:
3798:
3793:
3791:Nathaniel Crew
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3725:
3718:
3710:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3655:Michael Ramsey
3652:
3650:Alwyn Williams
3647:
3645:Hensley Henson
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3625:Charles Baring
3622:
3617:
3612:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3584:Thomas Thurlow
3581:
3576:
3574:Richard Trevor
3571:
3566:
3561:
3559:William Talbot
3556:
3554:Nathaniel Crew
3551:
3546:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3510:Tobias Matthew
3507:
3505:Matthew Hutton
3502:
3500:Richard Barnes
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3480:Thomas Ruthall
3477:
3472:
3466:
3464:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3439:William Dudley
3436:
3434:Lawrence Booth
3431:
3429:Robert Neville
3426:
3424:Thomas Langley
3421:
3419:Walter Skirlaw
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3394:Richard Kellaw
3390:
3388:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3308:Hugh de Puiset
3305:
3300:
3295:
3293:Geoffrey Rufus
3290:
3285:
3280:
3274:
3272:
3266:rulers of the
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3055:
3048:
3040:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3017:
3006:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2970:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2928:
2922:
2911:
2910:(Canon Pastor)
2905:
2899:
2892:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2849:
2847:Graeme Knowles
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2812:Robert Gregory
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2787:Charles Sumner
2784:
2779:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2761:Thomas Thurlow
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2716:John Tillotson
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2676:Valentine Cary
2673:
2668:
2663:
2657:
2652:
2650:John Feckenham
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2584:Lawrence Booth
2581:
2579:Thomas Lisieux
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2559:Thomas de Eure
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2448:Richard Talbot
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2388:Hugh de Mareni
2385:
2380:
2375:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2315:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2300:Vivienne Faull
2297:
2289:
2284:
2282:Barry Rogerson
2279:
2274:
2272:Oliver Tomkins
2269:
2264:
2259:
2257:George Nickson
2254:
2248:
2246:
2245:Bristol (1897)
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2158:John Conybeare
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2083:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2062:Robert Skinner
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2008:
2006:
2005:Bristol (1542)
2002:
2001:
1998:Henry Holbeach
1995:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1961:
1953:
1952:
1949:Richard Trevor
1947:
1944:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1917:
1914:
1905:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1889:John Conybeare
1887:
1884:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1857:
1856:
1847:
1832:
1823:
1809:
1804:
1792:
1775:
1774:External links
1772:
1771:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1738:
1731:
1730:, Penguin 1952
1720:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1704:Aaron Garrett
1702:
1691:
1667:
1655:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1611:
1592:
1579:
1566:
1553:
1544:
1535:
1522:
1509:
1496:
1480:"The Calendar"
1471:
1441:
1414:
1407:
1387:
1378:
1363:
1350:
1337:
1324:
1311:
1302:
1288:
1281:
1261:
1242:
1212:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1113:
1107:
1099:
1093:
1092:, London, 1745
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1058:
1050:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1022:
1015:
1006:
1001:
998:
989:
986:
964:
963:
878:
876:
869:
863:
860:
831:
830:
745:
743:
736:
730:
727:
707:Matthew Tindal
690:
687:
674:
671:
667:Lectionary 189
631:
628:
604:Lambeth Palace
561:William Talbot
556:
553:
543:, receiving a
508:
505:
492:
489:
473:Henry Sidgwick
383:
382:
379:
378:
375:
374:
364:
361:
358:
357:
352:
350:Main interests
349:
346:
345:
336:
330:
329:
324:
320:
319:
314:
310:
309:
306:
305:
296:
292:
291:
284:
280:
279:
275:
274:
261:
257:
256:
253:
249:
248:
241:
237:
236:
226:
222:
221:
218:
214:
213:
206:
202:
201:
191:(aged 60)
185:
181:
180:
170:
159:
155:
154:
150:
149:
146:
142:
141:
139:William Talbot
131:
127:
126:
122:
121:
110:
106:
105:
103:Richard Trevor
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
59:
58:
52:
51:
48:
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4147:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3994:James Newcome
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3959:Percy Herbert
3957:
3955:
3954:Cyril Garbett
3952:
3950:
3949:Thomas Strong
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3898:George Pelham
3896:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3857:Joseph Butler
3855:
3853:
3852:Henry Egerton
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3811:Thomas Burnet
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3756:William Juxon
3754:
3752:
3751:Richard Neile
3749:
3748:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3731:
3726:
3724:
3719:
3717:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3675:David Jenkins
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3640:Handley Moule
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3610:Edward Maltby
3608:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3569:Joseph Butler
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3538:
3536:
3535:Thomas Morton
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3520:Richard Neile
3518:
3516:
3515:William James
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3485:Thomas Wolsey
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3456:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3444:John Sherwood
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3380:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3343:Richard Poore
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3333:Richard Marsh
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3318:Richard Poore
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3298:William Cumin
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3261:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3227:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3061:
3056:
3054:
3049:
3047:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3026:
3018:
3016:
3008:
3007:
3004:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2939:
2933:(Minor Canon)
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2908:Tricia Hillas
2906:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2885:
2880:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2756:Thomas Newton
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2741:Thomas Secker
2739:
2737:
2736:Joseph Butler
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2611:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2497:Late Medieval
2495:
2489:
2488:Ralph Baldock
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2463:John Chishull
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2453:John de Ebulo
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2358:High Medieval
2356:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2336:
2331:
2329:
2324:
2322:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2208:John Luxmoore
2206:
2204:
2203:George Pelham
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2188:Spencer Madan
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2173:Thomas Newton
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:Joseph Butler
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2143:Thomas Secker
2141:
2139:
2138:Charles Cecil
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2118:John Robinson
2116:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2072:Thomas Howell
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2052:Robert Wright
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1993:
1989:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1950:
1941:
1940:
1933:
1927:
1920:
1919:Thomas Secker
1911:
1910:
1900:
1894:
1890:
1881:
1880:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1801:Joseph Butler
1797:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1786:Joseph Butler
1782:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1751:Colin Brown,
1750:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1695:Joseph Butler
1692:
1688:
1687:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1636:public domain
1632:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1614:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1442:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1415:
1410:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1391:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1344:C. D. Broad,
1341:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1315:
1312:
1306:
1303:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1284:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1237:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1213:
1208:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1139:Saints portal
1129:
1124:
1119:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1014:Joseph Butler
1013:
1012:
1007:
1004:
1003:
999:
997:
995:
987:
985:
981:
979:
975:
971:
960:
957:
949:
938:
935:
931:
928:
924:
921:
917:
914:
910:
907: –
906:
902:
901:Find sources:
895:
889:
888:
884:
879:This article
877:
873:
868:
867:
861:
859:
855:
853:
848:
846:
842:
841:Thomas Hobbes
838:
827:
824:
816:
805:
802:
798:
795:
791:
788:
784:
781:
777:
774: –
773:
769:
768:Find sources:
762:
756:
755:
751:
746:This article
744:
740:
735:
734:
728:
726:
724:
719:
716:
711:
708:
704:
700:
696:
688:
684:
679:
672:
670:
668:
664:
660:
659:commemoration
656:
652:
647:
645:
641:
637:
629:
627:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
584:head chaplain
580:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
555:Church career
554:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
537:Oriel College
534:
530:
529:Samuel Clarke
526:
522:
518:
517:Thomas Secker
514:
506:
502:
497:
490:
488:
486:
485:Josiah Tucker
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
455:'s theory of
454:
450:
446:
445:Thomas Hobbes
442:
437:
435:
431:
430:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
390:(18 May 1692
389:
388:Joseph Butler
380:
376:
369:
366:Criticism of
365:
362:Notable ideas
356:
353:
347:
344:
340:
337:
335:
331:
328:
325:
321:
318:
315:
311:
307:
304:
300:
297:
293:
290:
285:
281:
276:
273:
269:
265:
262:
258:
255:Thomas Butler
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
186:
182:
177:
173:
160:
156:
151:
147:
143:
140:
132:
128:
123:
119:
114:
111:
109:Other post(s)
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
83:
76:
73:
69:
65:
60:
57:
53:
49:Joseph Butler
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
3964:Roger Wilson
3944:Hubert Burge
3886:19th century
3877:Richard Hurd
3862:John Gilbert
3856:
3837:Samuel Pratt
3825:18th century
3816:John Montagu
3796:Thomas Sprat
3761:Matthew Wren
3744:17th century
3690:Justin Welby
3670:John Habgood
3579:John Egerton
3568:
3542:Commonwealth
3539:
3449:Richard Foxe
3414:John Fordham
3338:William Scot
3323:John de Gray
3100:
2989:
2958:Minor Canons
2913:
2896:Paula Gooder
2851:
2832:Alan Webster
2735:
2731:Francis Hare
2701:John Barwick
2671:John Overall
2660:
2659:William May
2630:Richard Pace
2613:Early modern
2564:Thomas Stowe
2509:John Sandale
2372:
2293:Lee Rayfield
2291:
2277:John Tinsley
2232:
2228:Joseph Allen
2168:Philip Yonge
2152:
2148:Thomas Gooch
2128:Hugh Boulter
2092:Guy Carleton
2079:Commonwealth
2076:
2017:John Holyman
1937:
1907:
1899:Francis Hare
1877:
1872:Thomas Gooch
1816:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1741:
1734:
1727:
1706:
1684:
1662:
1644:
1601:
1595:
1587:
1582:
1575:Five Sermons
1574:
1569:
1562:Five Sermons
1561:
1556:
1547:
1538:
1531:Five Sermons
1530:
1525:
1517:
1516:Livingston,
1512:
1504:
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1483:
1474:
1462:. Retrieved
1458:the original
1453:
1444:
1432:. Retrieved
1426:
1417:
1397:
1390:
1381:
1371:
1366:
1358:
1353:
1345:
1340:
1332:
1327:
1319:
1314:
1305:
1291:
1271:
1264:
1234:
1215:
1188:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1098:, 1748, 1751
1095:
1089:
1086:, 1741, 1747
1083:
1077:
1071:
1061:
1052:
1041:
1035:Publications
1025:
1019:The Reverend
1018:
1011:The Reverend
1009:
996:on 16 June.
991:
982:
977:
969:
967:
952:
943:
933:
926:
919:
912:
900:
880:
856:
851:
849:
844:
836:
834:
819:
810:
800:
793:
786:
779:
767:
747:
722:
720:
714:
712:
694:
692:
648:
633:
620:confirmation
581:
558:
535:and entered
521:Samuel Jones
513:Presbyterian
510:
500:
438:
433:
427:
387:
386:
288:
235:(after 1714)
229:Presbyterian
225:Denomination
189:(1752-06-16)
187:16 June 1752
145:Consecration
36:
4110:Empiricists
4025:1752 deaths
4020:1692 births
3913:John Graham
3903:Robert Carr
3867:John Thomas
3781:John Dolben
3695:Paul Butler
3530:John Howson
2968:Paul's walk
2931:Rachel Weir
2902:James Milne
2770:Late modern
2645:William May
2640:John Incent
2589:William Say
2569:Thomas More
2223:Robert Gray
2178:Lewis Bagot
2057:George Coke
1464:2 September
1434:5 September
1047:Gladstone's
1024:1738–1752:
1017:1733–1738:
1008:1718–1733:
703:John Toland
699:Will Durant
481:C. D. Broad
465:Thomas Reid
432:(1726) and
424:Oxfordshire
412:philosopher
272:philosopher
217:Nationality
168:18 May 1692
120:(1740–1750)
115:(1738–1750)
89:Predecessor
4014:Categories
3979:John Waine
3932:Since 1900
3776:John Earle
3665:Ian Ramsey
3549:John Cosin
3373:Antony Bek
3101:United to
2860:David Ison
2842:John Moses
2837:Eric Evans
2681:John Donne
2655:Henry Cole
2625:John Colet
2373:(disputed)
1943:1750–1752
1913:1740–1750
1883:1738–1750
1790:Wikisource
1651:Wikisource
1624:References
1209:required.)
988:Veneration
974:John Locke
916:newspapers
883:references
783:newspapers
750:references
673:Philosophy
651:remembered
649:Joseph is
519:, entered
469:Adam Smith
461:David Hume
453:John Locke
414:, born in
404:theologian
339:Empiricism
264:Theologian
260:Profession
247:(at death)
164:1692-05-18
130:Ordination
3254:Æthelwine
3149:Heathwred
3129:Æthelwold
2889:(current)
2746:John Hume
2287:Mike Hill
2218:John Kaye
2163:John Hume
2113:John Hall
2102:John Lake
2012:Paul Bush
946:July 2019
845:Leviathan
813:July 2019
713:Butler's
588:George II
491:Biography
436:(1736).
420:Berkshire
408:apologist
295:Education
283:Feast day
278:Sainthood
268:apologist
240:Residence
178:, England
176:Berkshire
99:Successor
84:1750–1752
81:In office
3249:Æthelric
3185:Cutheard
3134:Cynewulf
3124:Eadfrith
3119:Eadberht
3114:Cuthbert
3015:Category
2855:(acting)
2295:(acting)
1839:LibriVox
1677:(1911).
1643:(1910).
1577:, p. 45.
1573:Butler,
1564:, p. 37.
1560:Butler,
1520:, p. 51.
1489:27 March
1227:(1911).
1147:Altruism
1125:See also
1065:, 1736,
644:Somerset
624:election
592:Caroline
590:'s wife
422:(now in
355:Theology
233:Anglican
198:Somerset
137:by
3278:Walcher
3215:Ælfsige
3210:Ealdred
3205:Sexhelm
3180:Eardulf
3164:Eardulf
3159:Eanbert
3139:Higbald
3025:Commons
2948:Burials
2941:Related
2661:(again)
1852:at the
1742:Analogy
1638::
978:Analogy
970:Analogy
930:scholar
852:Sermons
850:In the
837:Sermons
797:scholar
723:Analogy
715:Analogy
663:16 June
657:with a
653:in the
622:of his
416:Wantage
252:Parents
172:Wantage
71:Diocese
3328:Morgan
3244:Eadred
3239:Edmund
3235:Aldhun
3220:Aldhun
3200:Uhtred
3195:Wigred
3190:Tilred
3154:Ecgred
3144:Egbert
3091:Colmán
2914:Vacant
2887:Clergy
2365:Wulman
1767:Butler
1714:, 2012
1663:Butler
1609:
1405:
1279:
1203:
1112:, 1753
1106:, 1749
1080:, 1740
1074:, 1739
932:
925:
918:
911:
903:
799:
792:
785:
778:
770:
573:rector
541:Oxford
479:, and
451:, and
449:egoism
410:, and
334:School
323:Region
205:Buried
125:Orders
75:Durham
3086:Finan
3081:Aidan
2350:Deans
1163:Notes
1157:Deism
937:JSTOR
923:books
804:JSTOR
790:books
441:Deism
368:deism
3109:Eata
3103:York
3096:Tuda
2109:(Yr)
2088:(Er)
1607:ISBN
1491:2021
1466:2009
1436:2014
1403:ISBN
1277:ISBN
909:news
839:was
776:news
705:and
640:Bath
396:O.S.
392:O.S.
194:Bath
184:Died
158:Born
1837:at
1828:at
1788:at
1697:,"
1195:doi
885:to
752:to
669:).
661:on
638:in
586:of
523:'s
447:'s
313:Era
4016::
1815:.
1710:,
1683:.
1673:;
1660:,
1482:.
1452:.
1425:.
1245:^
1233:.
1223:;
1171:^
896:.
763:.
642:,
579:.
563:,
539:,
487:.
475:,
471:,
467:,
463:,
443:,
406:,
402:,
341:,
270:,
266:,
196:,
174:,
3729:e
3722:t
3715:v
3544:)
3059:e
3052:t
3045:v
2334:e
2327:t
2320:v
2081:)
1980:e
1973:t
1966:v
1921:,
1901:,
1821:.
1653:.
1615:.
1493:.
1468:.
1438:.
1411:.
1299:.
1285:.
1258:.
1201:.
1197::
959:)
953:(
948:)
944:(
934:·
927:·
920:·
913:·
890:.
826:)
820:(
815:)
811:(
801:·
794:·
787:·
780:·
757:.
212:.
166:)
162:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
