213:
47:
485:
284:
represents the mass of nitrogen within urea/volume, not the mass of whole urea. Each molecule of urea has two nitrogen atoms, each having molar mass 14 g/mol. To convert from mg/dL of blood urea nitrogen to mmol/L of urea:
635:
857:
206:
235:
BUN is usually reported in mg/dL in some countries (e.g. United States, Mexico, Italy, Austria, and
Germany). Elsewhere, the concentration of urea is reported in SI units as mmol/L.
282:
290:
850:
723:
227:, which is a genetic disorder inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. OTC deficiency is also accompanied by hyperammonemia and high orotic acid levels.
843:
497:
820:
750:
699:
224:
1155:
216:
133:
766:
489:
Note that molar concentrations of urea and urea nitrogen are equal, because both nitrogen gas and urea has two nitrogen atoms.
212:
1419:
1356:
1112:
690:
Lewis, Sharon Mantik; Dirksen, Shannon Ruff; Heitkemper, Margaret M.; Bucher, Linda; Harding, Mariann (5 December 2013).
1414:
1048:
1010:
811:
Loscalzo, Joseph; Fauci, Anthony S.; Kasper, Dennis L.; Hauser, Stephen; Longo, Dan; Jameson, J. Larry (2022-04-05).
784:
205:
The main causes of a decrease in BUN are malnutrition (low-protein diet), severe liver disease, anabolic state, and
1389:
172:
940:
1217:
1090:
184:
59:
132:
should contain 7 to 18 mg/dL (0.388 to 1 mmol/L) of urea nitrogen. Individual laboratories may have different
1424:
1085:
953:
918:
199:
149:
1351:
1205:
1043:
1005:
1145:
1122:
1107:
1038:
94:
90:
86:
82:
191:, rapid cell destruction from infections, athletic activity, excessive muscle breakdown, and increased
78:
1343:
1200:
1188:
1165:
1020:
888:
658:
31:
1181:
1176:
1073:
663:
480:{\displaystyle Urea_{mmol/L}=BUN_{mmol/L}=BUN_{mg/dL}*{\frac {10_{dL/L}}{14*2}}=BUN_{mg/dL}*0.3571}
898:
717:
240:
1283:
1262:
930:
925:
816:
746:
705:
695:
653:
1373:
1030:
1366:
1361:
1274:
1130:
903:
893:
176:
1408:
1317:
1296:
1210:
1135:
1068:
770:
739:
835:
813:
Harrison's
Principles of Internal Medicine, Twenty-First Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2)
1322:
1291:
1194:
1095:
883:
65:
1140:
1100:
1080:
1015:
977:
968:
963:
958:
875:
180:
1060:
1000:
987:
908:
867:
692:
Medical-surgical nursing : assessment and management of clinical problems
202:
has been found to be lowered in hypothyroidism and raised in hyperthyroidism.
192:
160:
BUN is an indication of kidney health. The normal range is 2.1–7.1 mmol/
145:
117:
709:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1150:
948:
630:{\displaystyle Urea_{mg/dL}=BUN_{mg/dL}*{\frac {60}{14*2}}=BUN_{mg/dL}*2.14}
165:
121:
46:
171:
The main causes of an increase in BUN are: high-protein diet, decrease in
1312:
1244:
995:
113:
1252:
125:
1257:
141:
17:
211:
188:
161:
137:
129:
73:
198:
Hypothyroidism can cause both decreased GFR and hypovolemia, but
648:
110:
51:
839:
219:, comparing urea (yellow at right) to other blood constituents
639:
Where 60 represents MW of urea and 14*2 MW of urea nitrogen.
492:
Convert BUN to urea in mg/dL by using following formula:
769:. Marshal University School of Medicine. Archived from
500:
293:
243:
1382:
1342:
1335:
1305:
1282:
1273:
1243:
1164:
1121:
1059:
1029:
986:
939:
874:
815:. New York: McGraw Hill Professional. p. 611.
72:
58:
39:
738:
629:
479:
276:
109:) is a medical test that measures the amount of
116:found in blood. The liver produces urea in the
785:"Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test - Mayo Clinic"
207:syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
144:problems. It is not considered as reliable as
851:
8:
745:. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. Last page.
1339:
1279:
858:
844:
836:
737:Tao Le; Vikas Bhushan; Deepak Rao (2007).
722:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
45:
30:"BUN" redirects here. For other uses, see
608:
601:
570:
554:
547:
521:
514:
499:
458:
451:
415:
408:
402:
386:
379:
356:
343:
320:
307:
292:
261:
254:
242:
223:Another rare cause of a decreased BUN is
675:
715:
36:
694:(9th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri.
225:ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency
7:
806:
804:
685:
683:
681:
679:
1156:Glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB
741:First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2008
25:
217:Reference ranges for blood tests
187:, gastrointestinal hemorrhage,
1:
1113:Comprehensive metabolic panel
179:), decrease in blood volume (
140:. The test is used to detect
136:, as they may use different
1049:Thyroid-stimulating hormone
1011:Total iron-binding capacity
277:{\displaystyle BUN_{mg/dL}}
1441:
1390:Elevated alpha-fetoprotein
173:glomerular filtration rate
120:as a waste product of the
29:
44:
185:congestive heart failure
919:BUN-to-creatinine ratio
200:BUN-to-creatinine ratio
150:BUN-to-creatinine ratio
1352:Elevated transaminases
1044:Thyroid function tests
1006:Transferrin saturation
866:Clinical biochemistry
631:
481:
278:
220:
128:. Normal human adult
1420:Diagnostic nephrology
1146:Lactate dehydrogenase
1108:Basic metabolic panel
1039:ACTH stimulation test
773:on December 16, 2014.
632:
482:
279:
215:
175:(GFR) (suggestive of
1166:Liver function tests
1021:Transferrin receptor
767:"Normal Lab Results"
659:Urea reduction ratio
498:
291:
241:
32:Bun (disambiguation)
1182:Serum total protein
1177:Human serum albumin
664:Urine urea nitrogen
103:Blood urea nitrogen
40:Blood urea nitrogen
1415:Chemical pathology
954:Arterial blood gas
789:www.mayoclinic.org
627:
477:
274:
221:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1331:
1330:
1284:Blood sugar level
1263:Pancreatic lipase
1101:Total cholesterol
931:Serum osmolal gap
926:Plasma osmolality
822:978-1-264-26851-1
752:978-0-07-149868-5
701:978-0-323-10089-2
654:Standardized Kt/V
586:
436:
100:
99:
16:(Redirected from
1432:
1374:Hyperproteinemia
1340:
1280:
860:
853:
846:
837:
827:
826:
808:
799:
798:
796:
795:
781:
775:
774:
763:
757:
756:
744:
734:
728:
727:
721:
713:
687:
636:
634:
633:
628:
620:
619:
612:
587:
585:
571:
566:
565:
558:
533:
532:
525:
486:
484:
483:
478:
470:
469:
462:
437:
435:
424:
423:
419:
403:
398:
397:
390:
365:
364:
360:
329:
328:
324:
283:
281:
280:
275:
273:
272:
265:
164:or 6–20 mg/
134:reference ranges
68:
49:
37:
21:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1405:
1404:
1403:
1394:
1378:
1367:Hypoalbuminemia
1362:Hypoproteinemia
1327:
1301:
1275:Small molecules
1269:
1239:
1160:
1117:
1055:
1025:
982:
972:
935:
870:
864:
833:
831:
830:
823:
810:
809:
802:
793:
791:
783:
782:
778:
765:
764:
760:
753:
736:
735:
731:
714:
702:
689:
688:
677:
672:
645:
597:
575:
543:
510:
496:
495:
447:
425:
404:
375:
339:
303:
289:
288:
250:
239:
238:
233:
158:
152:blood studies.
64:
54:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1438:
1436:
1428:
1427:
1425:Nitrogen cycle
1422:
1417:
1407:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1359:
1354:
1348:
1346:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1255:
1249:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1191:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1170:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1131:Cardiac marker
1127:
1125:
1123:Cardiovascular
1119:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1074:Hemoglobin A1c
1065:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
992:
990:
984:
983:
981:
980:
975:
970:
966:
961:
956:
951:
945:
943:
937:
936:
934:
933:
928:
923:
922:
921:
916:
911:
904:Renal function
901:
896:
891:
886:
880:
878:
872:
871:
865:
863:
862:
855:
848:
840:
829:
828:
821:
800:
776:
758:
751:
729:
700:
674:
673:
671:
668:
667:
666:
661:
656:
651:
644:
641:
626:
623:
618:
615:
611:
607:
604:
600:
596:
593:
590:
584:
581:
578:
574:
569:
564:
561:
557:
553:
550:
546:
542:
539:
536:
531:
528:
524:
520:
517:
513:
509:
506:
503:
476:
473:
468:
465:
461:
457:
454:
450:
446:
443:
440:
434:
431:
428:
422:
418:
414:
411:
407:
401:
396:
393:
389:
385:
382:
378:
374:
371:
368:
363:
359:
355:
352:
349:
346:
342:
338:
335:
332:
327:
323:
319:
316:
313:
310:
306:
302:
299:
296:
271:
268:
264:
260:
257:
253:
249:
246:
232:
229:
177:kidney failure
157:
156:Interpretation
154:
98:
97:
76:
70:
69:
62:
56:
55:
50:
42:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1437:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1318:Hyperuricemia
1316:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1298:
1297:Hyperglycemia
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1211:AST/ALT ratio
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1195:transaminases
1192:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1136:Troponin test
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1096:Triglycerides
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1069:Blood glucose
1067:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
993:
991:
989:
985:
979:
976:
974:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
946:
944:
942:
938:
932:
929:
927:
924:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
879:
877:
873:
869:
861:
856:
854:
849:
847:
842:
841:
838:
834:
824:
818:
814:
807:
805:
801:
790:
786:
780:
777:
772:
768:
762:
759:
754:
748:
743:
742:
733:
730:
725:
719:
711:
707:
703:
697:
693:
686:
684:
682:
680:
676:
669:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
646:
642:
640:
637:
624:
621:
616:
613:
609:
605:
602:
598:
594:
591:
588:
582:
579:
576:
572:
567:
562:
559:
555:
551:
548:
544:
540:
537:
534:
529:
526:
522:
518:
515:
511:
507:
504:
501:
493:
490:
487:
474:
471:
466:
463:
459:
455:
452:
448:
444:
441:
438:
432:
429:
426:
420:
416:
412:
409:
405:
399:
394:
391:
387:
383:
380:
376:
372:
369:
366:
361:
357:
353:
350:
347:
344:
340:
336:
333:
330:
325:
321:
317:
314:
311:
308:
304:
300:
297:
294:
286:
269:
266:
262:
258:
255:
251:
247:
244:
236:
230:
228:
226:
218:
214:
210:
208:
203:
201:
196:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
169:
167:
163:
155:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
112:
108:
104:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
75:
71:
67:
63:
61:
57:
53:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
1357:Elevated ALP
1323:Hypouricemia
1292:Hypoglycemia
1228:Unconjugated
1193:
913:
876:Electrolytes
832:
812:
792:. Retrieved
788:
779:
771:the original
761:
740:
732:
691:
638:
494:
491:
488:
287:
237:
234:
222:
204:
197:
170:
159:
106:
102:
101:
1306:Nitrogenous
1141:CPK-MB test
1081:Lipid panel
1016:Transferrin
964:Bicarbonate
959:Base excess
868:blood tests
181:hypovolemia
1409:Categories
1233:Conjugated
1061:Metabolism
1001:Serum iron
988:Iron tests
909:Creatinine
794:2019-05-13
670:References
193:catabolism
146:creatinine
118:urea cycle
27:Blood test
1223:Bilirubin
1173:Proteins
1151:Myoglobin
949:Anion gap
941:Acid-base
889:Potassium
718:cite book
710:228373703
622:∗
580:∗
568:∗
472:∗
430:∗
400:∗
122:digestion
1336:Proteins
1313:Azotemia
1245:Pancreas
1031:Hormones
996:Ferritin
894:Chloride
643:See also
114:nitrogen
1253:Amylase
978:Lactate
973:content
899:Calcium
126:protein
95:12962-7
91:12963-5
87:12961-9
83:59570-2
66:D001806
1258:Lipase
884:Sodium
819:
749:
708:
698:
475:0.3571
142:kidney
138:assays
79:6299-2
1383:Other
231:Units
189:fever
130:blood
74:LOINC
914:Urea
817:ISBN
747:ISBN
724:link
706:OCLC
696:ISBN
649:Kt/V
625:2.14
111:urea
60:MeSH
52:Urea
1344:LFT
1218:GGT
1206:AST
1201:ALT
1189:ALP
1091:HDL
1086:LDL
183:),
148:or
124:of
107:BUN
18:BUN
1411::
969:CO
803:^
787:.
720:}}
716:{{
704:.
678:^
577:14
573:60
427:14
406:10
209:.
195:.
168:.
166:dL
93:,
89:,
85:,
81:,
971:2
859:e
852:t
845:v
825:.
797:.
755:.
726:)
712:.
617:L
614:d
610:/
606:g
603:m
599:N
595:U
592:B
589:=
583:2
563:L
560:d
556:/
552:g
549:m
545:N
541:U
538:B
535:=
530:L
527:d
523:/
519:g
516:m
512:a
508:e
505:r
502:U
467:L
464:d
460:/
456:g
453:m
449:N
445:U
442:B
439:=
433:2
421:L
417:/
413:L
410:d
395:L
392:d
388:/
384:g
381:m
377:N
373:U
370:B
367:=
362:L
358:/
354:l
351:o
348:m
345:m
341:N
337:U
334:B
331:=
326:L
322:/
318:l
315:o
312:m
309:m
305:a
301:e
298:r
295:U
270:L
267:d
263:/
259:g
256:m
252:N
248:U
245:B
162:L
105:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
