303:
276:
267:
348:
339:
330:
321:
312:
294:
285:
258:
167:
155:
119:
215:
203:
191:
179:
227:
131:
143:
246:
1390:
28:
20:
1402:
71:
symbols decorating weapons found in Ba graves in eastern
Sichuan. About two hundred individual symbols have been identified. The most common depict human faces, hands and figures, tigers, turtles, dragons, flowers, birds and cicadas. There are also some abstract forms. The longest inscription, on a
58:
of southwestern China in the 5th and 4th centuries BC. Numerous signature seals have been found in Ba–Shu graves, suggesting that the states used written records, though none have been found. The known inscriptions are too few to be deciphered, or even to identify the language recorded.
681:
347:
338:
329:
320:
311:
302:
293:
284:
275:
266:
257:
83:
The second script is found in both western and eastern
Sichuan, on five halberd blades, a belt buckle and the base of a bronze vessel. Some scholars believe this script to be
166:
866:
154:
708:
1331:
1207:
118:
658:
226:
214:
202:
190:
178:
245:
1453:
560:
541:
522:
130:
142:
1375:
1192:
1370:
1212:
1197:
815:
1165:
821:
98:
The third script is known from a single sample, an inscription on the lid of a bronze vessel found in a grave in
Baihuatan,
858:
1321:
651:
1443:
1448:
1280:
839:
1182:
844:
832:
1326:
1187:
1079:
827:
1176:
1027:
644:
1285:
1110:
619:
613:
91:. Except for one symbol resembling the Chinese character 王 ("king"), the symbols cannot be connected with
1160:
810:
1042:
926:
912:
1458:
1417:
1202:
898:
884:
777:
1406:
1341:
1290:
1254:
950:
698:
1262:
1022:
366:
361:
1054:
1032:
1002:
995:
595:
92:
630:
1295:
1100:
1084:
988:
556:
537:
518:
376:
625:
1394:
1230:
1153:
1148:
1069:
690:
587:
1356:
1316:
1037:
43:
1300:
1115:
981:
1437:
1275:
1270:
1064:
957:
943:
876:
871:
742:
55:
51:
1351:
1221:
1172:
1120:
1105:
971:
591:
27:
1365:
1074:
87:, pointing to similarities between some of the symbols and symbols of the later
553:
Anyang and
Sanxingdui: Unveiling the Mysteries of Ancient Chinese Civilizations
1361:
1346:
1336:
794:
767:
738:
733:
371:
47:
32:
1047:
931:
917:
903:
889:
782:
1422:
1125:
1059:
964:
772:
762:
757:
510:
88:
84:
68:
19:
1143:
789:
747:
73:
599:
1246:
1135:
1014:
752:
718:
703:
677:
667:
99:
1236:
1226:
517:, Singapore: Asian Civilisations Museum, National Heritage Board,
77:
26:
18:
636:
578:
Jones, Robert A. (1986–87), "Late Bronze Age seals of
Szechwan",
640:
42:
are three undeciphered scripts found on bronzeware from the
417:
415:
1309:
1245:
1134:
1093:
1013:
857:
803:
726:
717:
689:
102:dating from c. 476 BC. It may also be phonetic.
652:
8:
534:Ancient Sichuan and the Unification of China
1332:Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area
95:, or with the earlier pictographic script.
31:Scripts or symbols found on artefacts from
723:
659:
645:
637:
515:The glorious traditions of Chinese bronzes
172:Scripts resembling architectural elements
1213:Seventh-day Adventist Church in Sichuan
387:
241:
114:
251:Spearhead with pictographic Ba symbols
7:
1401:
493:
469:
457:
445:
433:
421:
406:
394:
160:Scripts resembling everyday objects
1376:Southern Cliff Buddhist Sculptures
481:
14:
555:, Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum,
1400:
1389:
1388:
346:
337:
328:
319:
310:
301:
292:
283:
274:
265:
256:
244:
225:
213:
201:
189:
177:
165:
153:
141:
129:
117:
1371:Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries
1208:Baptist Christianity in Sichuan
633:, City University of Hong Kong.
622:, Christies sale 2509, lot 898.
616:, Christies sale 2509, lot 899.
1166:Chinese salvationist religions
592:10.1080/02549948.1986.11731192
232:Scripts using geometric shapes
220:Scripts using geometric shapes
208:Scripts using geometric shapes
196:Scripts using geometric shapes
184:Scripts using geometric shapes
124:Scripts resembling human forms
1:
67:The first script consists of
1454:Undeciphered writing systems
1322:Dujiangyan Irrigation System
1366:Jinsha archaeological sites
1281:Sichuanese Standard Chinese
840:Railway Protection Movement
614:Rhinoceros-form Ba–Shu seal
23:Ba–Shu pictographic scripts
1475:
1183:Catholic Church in Sichuan
472:, pp. 74–75, 244–245.
136:Scripts resembling animals
80:, consists of 11 symbols.
16:Three undeciphered scripts
1384:
675:
148:Scripts resembling plants
1327:Gsumge Mani Stone Castle
1188:Protestantism in Sichuan
532:Sage, Steven F. (1992),
72:lacquer tray found near
1080:Sichuanese architecture
1028:Clothing in ancient Shu
828:Repopulation of Sichuan
1193:Anglicanism in Sichuan
822:anti-Mongol fortresses
631:Tiger-form Ba–Shu seal
35:
24:
1161:Chinese folk religion
30:
22:
1203:Quakerism in Sichuan
1198:Methodism in Sichuan
620:Ram-form Ba–Shu seal
1342:Leshan Giant Buddha
1310:Tourist attractions
727:States and kingdoms
551:Shen, Chen (2002),
1449:History of Sichuan
1055:Mengding Ganlu tea
1038:Sichuanese cuisine
1033:Sichuan embroidery
811:Sichuan-Mongol War
626:Square Ba–Shu seal
93:Chinese characters
36:
25:
1431:
1430:
1337:Jiuzhaigou Valley
1267:
1259:
1085:Sichuanese garden
1043:Sichuanese liquor
1006:
998:
991:
984:
975:
967:
960:
953:
946:
937:
922:
908:
894:
853:
852:
845:Home Front Period
562:978-0-88854-441-4
543:978-0-7914-1037-0
524:978-981-4068-04-8
496:, pp. 74–75.
436:, pp. 59–59.
397:, pp. 73–74.
377:Sichuanese people
1466:
1404:
1403:
1392:
1391:
1265:
1257:
1154:Tibetan Buddhism
1149:Chinese Buddhism
1070:Sichuanese music
1051:
1001:
994:
987:
979:
978:Mountain ranges
970:
963:
956:
949:
941:
935:
925:
921:
911:
907:
897:
893:
882:
836:
819:
786:
724:
661:
654:
647:
638:
603:
580:Monumenta Serica
566:
547:
528:
497:
491:
485:
479:
473:
467:
461:
455:
449:
443:
437:
431:
425:
419:
410:
404:
398:
392:
350:
341:
332:
323:
314:
305:
296:
287:
278:
269:
260:
248:
229:
217:
205:
193:
181:
169:
157:
145:
133:
121:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1418:Greater Sichuan
1380:
1357:Mount Qingcheng
1317:Bailu, Pengzhou
1305:
1258:(lingua franca)
1241:
1130:
1089:
1075:Lord of Sichuan
1045:
1009:
929:
915:
901:
887:
849:
830:
813:
799:
780:
713:
685:
671:
665:
610:
577:
574:
572:Further reading
569:
563:
550:
544:
531:
525:
509:
500:
492:
488:
480:
476:
468:
464:
456:
452:
444:
440:
432:
428:
420:
413:
405:
401:
393:
389:
385:
358:
351:
342:
333:
324:
315:
306:
297:
288:
279:
270:
261:
252:
249:
233:
230:
221:
218:
209:
206:
197:
194:
185:
182:
173:
170:
161:
158:
149:
146:
137:
134:
125:
122:
108:
65:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1472:
1470:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1444:Ba–Shu culture
1436:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1398:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1260:
1251:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1224:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1185:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1140:
1138:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1023:Ba–Shu culture
1019:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
999:
992:
985:
976:
968:
961:
954:
947:
938:
923:
909:
895:
879:
874:
869:
863:
861:
855:
854:
851:
850:
848:
847:
842:
837:
825:
807:
805:
801:
800:
798:
797:
792:
787:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
736:
730:
728:
721:
715:
714:
712:
711:
706:
701:
695:
693:
687:
686:
676:
673:
672:
666:
664:
663:
656:
649:
641:
635:
634:
628:
623:
617:
609:
608:External links
606:
605:
604:
573:
570:
568:
567:
561:
548:
542:
536:, SUNY Press,
529:
523:
506:
499:
498:
486:
474:
462:
450:
438:
426:
411:
399:
386:
384:
381:
380:
379:
374:
369:
367:Ba–Shu culture
364:
362:Ba–Shu Chinese
357:
354:
353:
352:
345:
343:
336:
334:
327:
325:
318:
316:
309:
307:
300:
298:
291:
289:
282:
280:
273:
271:
264:
262:
255:
253:
250:
243:
240:
239:
235:
234:
231:
224:
222:
219:
212:
210:
207:
200:
198:
195:
188:
186:
183:
176:
174:
171:
164:
162:
159:
152:
150:
147:
140:
138:
135:
128:
126:
123:
116:
113:
112:
107:
104:
64:
61:
40:Ba–Shu scripts
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1471:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1261:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1065:Sichuan opera
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1004:
1000:
997:
993:
990:
986:
983:
977:
973:
969:
966:
962:
959:
955:
952:
948:
945:
939:
933:
928:
924:
919:
914:
910:
905:
900:
896:
891:
886:
880:
878:
877:Chengdu Plain
875:
873:
872:Sichuan Basin
870:
868:
865:
864:
862:
860:
856:
846:
843:
841:
838:
834:
829:
826:
823:
817:
812:
809:
808:
806:
802:
796:
793:
791:
788:
784:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
740:
737:
735:
732:
731:
729:
725:
722:
720:
716:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
696:
694:
692:
688:
683:
679:
674:
669:
662:
657:
655:
650:
648:
643:
642:
639:
632:
629:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
611:
607:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
576:
575:
571:
564:
558:
554:
549:
545:
539:
535:
530:
526:
520:
516:
512:
508:
507:
505:
504:
495:
490:
487:
484:, p. 20.
483:
478:
475:
471:
466:
463:
460:, p. 59.
459:
454:
451:
448:, p. 85.
447:
442:
439:
435:
430:
427:
424:, p. 74.
423:
418:
416:
412:
409:, p. 75.
408:
403:
400:
396:
391:
388:
382:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
359:
355:
349:
344:
340:
335:
331:
326:
322:
317:
313:
308:
304:
299:
295:
290:
286:
281:
277:
272:
268:
263:
259:
254:
247:
242:
237:
236:
228:
223:
216:
211:
204:
199:
192:
187:
180:
175:
168:
163:
156:
151:
144:
139:
132:
127:
120:
115:
110:
109:
105:
103:
101:
96:
94:
90:
86:
81:
79:
75:
70:
62:
60:
57:
56:Sichuan Basin
53:
49:
45:
41:
34:
29:
21:
1405:
1393:
1352:Mount Gongga
1231:Main article
1222:Confucianism
1177:Main article
1173:Christianity
583:
579:
552:
533:
514:
502:
501:
489:
477:
465:
453:
441:
429:
402:
390:
97:
82:
69:pictographic
66:
46:kingdoms of
39:
37:
1459:Shu (state)
1046: [
930: [
916: [
902: [
888: [
831: [
814: [
781: [
763:Western Shu
586:: 233–275,
503:Works cited
494:Sage (1992)
470:Sage (1992)
458:Sage (1992)
446:Shen (2002)
434:Sage (1992)
422:Sage (1992)
407:Sage (1992)
395:Sage (1992)
1438:Categories
1362:Sanxingdui
1347:Mount Emei
1255:Sichuanese
1101:Sichuanese
768:Former Shu
734:Sanxingdui
511:Li, Xueqin
383:References
372:Hieroglyph
33:Sanxingdui
1423:Chongqing
1291:Jiarongic
1266:(extinct)
1247:Languages
1060:Panda tea
859:Geography
773:Later Shu
758:Cheng-Han
709:Education
238:Artefacts
89:Yi script
1414:see also
1395:Category
1144:Buddhism
1136:Religion
1003:Hengduan
996:Qionglai
881:Regions
790:Ming Xia
748:Chengjia
699:Politics
600:40726800
513:(2000),
356:See also
85:phonetic
74:Changsha
1407:Commons
1296:Qiangic
1116:Tibetan
1015:Culture
989:Longmen
958:Jialing
944:Sichuan
940:Rivers
753:Shu Han
719:History
704:Economy
691:General
682:capital
678:Chengdu
668:Sichuan
482:Li 2000
111:Scripts
106:Gallery
100:Chengdu
63:Scripts
54:in the
44:ancient
1364:&
1263:Ba–Shu
1237:Taoism
1094:People
972:Yalong
867:Cities
804:Events
778:Li Shu
741:&
670:topics
598:
559:
540:
521:
1301:Nuosu
1276:Xiang
1271:Hakka
1227:Islam
1121:Qiang
1111:Xiang
1106:Hakka
1050:]
934:]
927:South
920:]
913:North
906:]
892:]
835:]
818:]
795:Da Xi
785:]
596:JSTOR
78:Hunan
1286:Kham
982:Daba
899:East
885:West
557:ISBN
538:ISBN
519:ISBN
50:and
38:The
965:Tuo
951:Min
833:yue
743:Shu
588:doi
52:Shu
1440::
1179:)
1126:Yi
1048:zh
932:zh
918:zh
904:zh
890:zh
816:zh
783:zh
739:Ba
594:,
584:37
582:,
414:^
76:,
48:Ba
1233:)
1229:(
1175:(
1005:)
980:(
974:)
942:(
936:)
883:(
824:)
820:(
684:)
680:(
660:e
653:t
646:v
602:.
590::
565:.
546:.
527:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.