110:
98:
39:
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1156:, leaving one dead. On 21 October, clashes occurred throughout the country which were triggered by the assassination. Two young girls and a man were killed during clashes between Bab Tabbaneh and Jabal Mohsen. The parents of one of the girls, a nine-year-old called Jana, crossed sectarian lines, as her father is Sunni and her mother is Alawite. Two Sunnis and one Alawi were killed on 22 October. By 24 October, eleven people had been killed in the fighting.
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neighbourhoods were burned by unknown assailants. The fighting escalated after the death of Sunni cleric Sheikh Khaled al
Baradei, who was shot by a sniper during the morning skirmishes. Baradei was reportedly a commander of the Sunni Islamist fighters, and his death led to further sectarian unrest within the city. At least three people were killed and 21 wounded, including two journalists. Fighting continued until 24 August.
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truce during the night of 3 June; one policeman and one soldier were wounded. On 8 June, a man in Jabal Mohsen was killed by sniper fire. During the fighting, Jabal Mohsen was attacked on several fronts, including the Bab al-Tabbaneh, Shaarani, Baqqar, Riva, Mankoubin, and
Malouleh districts. In the aftermath, several Alawite businesses in Tripoli were burnt down.
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after mortars were used for the first time. By 26 May, 31 people were killed. After two days of calm, six more people were killed within 24 hours. Later, the army raided Jabal Mohsen. ADP leader Rifa'at Eid questioned why Jabal
Mohsenhad was targeted by the army since similar raids were not done in Bab al-Tabbaneh.
1105:
of trying to bring
Lebanon into its crisis. On 14 March, Mustafa Alloush stated after the coalition's regular weekly meeting, "It is actually an attempt to make Tripoli a zone of terrorism. It also aims at striking Lebanon's northern area which has welcomed and helped out the Syrian displaced." Since
951:
On 18 December 1986, the
Syrians arrested Tawheed commander Samir al-Hassan in Tripoli. His men responded by killing 15 Syrian soldiers at a checkpoint, leading to Syrian retaliation against the Tawheed. Aided by ADP, LCP, SSNP, and Baath Party militias, the Syrians defeated the Tawheed, killing many
1139:
On 9 August, Sunni supporters of
Hezbollah clashed with Salafists in Tripoli. On 20 and 21 August, seven people were killed and more than 100 wounded in clashes between Sunni Muslims and Alawites. According to security and medical sources, this class was a spillover from the war in Syria. Two of the
1121:
Between 2 June and 3 June, fifteen people were killed and over sixty wounded in clashes between Jabal Mohsen and Bab al-Tebbaneh. As a result of the fighting, the Army re-entered Syria Street to set up a buffer zone between the two sides. Following a cease-fire, there were several violations of the
1109:
By 18 May, a total of twelve people were dead and over 100 wounded from the May clashes. On 21 May, several rocket-propelled grenades were fired between Jabal Mohsen and Bab al-Tebbaneh, with no reports of any wounded. On 30 May, two were wounded in clashes between Jabal Mohsen and Bab al-Tebbaneh.
1081:
Between 12 and 13 May, witnesses and security officials said two to four people had been killed when the fighting started between members of the
Alawite minority and members of the Sunni majority. The combatants used rocket-propelled grenades and automatic rifles. Hours before the clashes, Lebanese
986:
Clashes between pro-government Sunnis based in the Bab el-Tabaneh district and pro-Syrian
Alawites from Jabal Mohsen led to the deaths of at least nine people, eight civilians and a policeman; 55 others were wounded. Machine guns and rocket-propelled grenades were used in the clashes, which started
1177:
into both neighbourhoods. They claimed they had been tasked by "Z.S." to create strife. During March 2013, sporadic incidents happened between the neighbourhoods. Two people were injured by sniper fire in Jabal Mohsen. Three days later, a man from Jabal Mohsen was shot and killed. By 22 March, six
1130:
On 18 July, stray bullets killed one person and wounded several during anti-Assad celebrations in Bab
Tabbaneh, following a suicide-bombing that targeted several Syrian ministers. On 21 July, Tabbaneh residents clashed over non-political matters between two Sunni families, killing two and wounding
1082:
troops had exchanged fire with a group of young
Islamists protesting for the release of a suspected terrorist. The exchange of gunfire between the Islamists and the army occurred as the protestors, who were sympathetic to the ongoing revolt in Syria, tried to approach the offices of the pro-Assad
1020:
Despite missiles having been launched into Jabal Mohsen a few months before, children from both neighbourhoods played peaceful football matches in mixed teams during the Open Fun Football Festival on 2 November 2010. Weeks later, rockets were fired into Jabal Mohsen, and a bomb was found near the
1181:
On 19 and 20 May, two civilians and two soldiers were killed during renewed fighting between the neighbourhoods. By 22 May, twelve people had been killed since the fighting resumed. After being targeted, the Lebanese army pulled out of the city on 23 May. Six more were killed the following night
999:
subsequently visited Tripoli stating, "We are both Lebanese and we will not allow anyone to tamper with us. I will do everything I can in order not to let anyone damage the Alawites' security in Tripoli and to foil any external plot to tamper with the security of the Alawites or the security of
1143:
On 24 August, more fighting occurred after a dawn exchange of small arms fire and rocket-propelled grenades between Sunni and Alawite fighters in the Qobbah and Jabal Muhsin neighbourhoods. The skirmish provoked unrest throughout both districts, and at least seven Alawite-owned shops in Sunni
1164:
At least twelve people were killed and 73 injured in Tripoli between 4 and 6 December, as Alawites and Sunnis were involved in heavy clashes. These clashes were sparked by the Tall Kalakh incident, where twenty Lebanese Salafists on their way to join the insurgency in Syria were ambushed.
977:
On the night of 10 May into the morning of 11 May, fighting broke out between Alawite Hezbollah sympathizers and Sunni supporters of Islamist groups in Tripoli. One woman was killed. On 11 May, Sunni supporters of the Islamic groups had reportedly been fighting opposition followers in the
947:
In August 1984, violent clashes erupted between the ADP and the Tawheed, supported by the Mosques and Islamic Committees. The Tawheed's position was strengthened when they gained control of the port on 22 August, after street battles left more than 400 dead. The fighting lasted until a
1140:
dead were from Jabal Mohsen, while the rest were from Bab al-Tabbaneh. Five Lebanese soldiers were injured by gunfire, and another five the next day after a grenade was thrown at an army checkpoint. Fighting continued throughout 23 August, with at least two additional deaths reported.
1056:
On 17 June 2011, clashes between gunmen in Jabal Mohsen and Bab al-Tabbaneh erupted after a rally in support of Syrian protesters in Bab-al-Tabbaneh. Seven people were killed, and 59 were wounded. Among the dead were a Lebanese army soldier and an official from the Alawite ADP.
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several. Two more were killed in the dispute on 29 July. On 27 July, two men on their way home to Jabal Mohsen were stabbed by unidentified assailants, leading to clashes between gunmen. Clashes continued the following day, wounding twelve civilians and three soldiers.
903:. Many residents of the two neighbourhoods are unemployed. North Lebanon is one of the most impoverished parts of Lebanon and is neglected by the government, promoting extremism. Despite its tumultuous history, there are still many architectural treasures in the area.
1006:, the leader of the armed wing of the ADP, said in an interview, "We're the most convenient targets, the stand-in for Hezbollah; our problem can only be solved when the Shiites and Sunnis solve theirs." As many as 9,000 Alawis fled their homes during the conflict.
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Fighting continued on 14 May, with six more people being killed, five Alawites and one Sunni. The army was deployed to the area on 15 May and exchanged gunfire with residents. Eight were wounded, including a soldier. By 16 May, the clashes left eleven dead.
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area with machine guns and rocket-propelled grenades. On 12 May, clashes in Tripoli left one person dead and at least six others wounded. The Army stated that if clashes did not end by the next morning, they would use force.
863:
Because it is a Sunni stronghold, all major currents of Lebanese Sunni Islamism have been centered in Tripoli. Black banners decorated with extracts from the Quran are prevalent and larger numbers of women are taking up the
2129:
1221:
On 10 January 2015, two suicide bombers killed nine people and wounded thirty more in a Jabal Mohsen café. It was the first suicide attack on a civilian neighbourhood in nearly a year, following a security sweep.
2513:
990:
Between 25 July and 29 July, 23 people were killed in clashes between Sunni and Alawite militants. On 8 September, Alawite and Sunni leaders signed a reconciliation agreement that ended the fighting. Sunni
2710:
894:
The two neighbourhoods are divided by Syria Street, with Jabal Mohsen on a hilltop and Bab al-Tabbaneh below. While the neighbourhoods were once prosperous, many buildings were destroyed by the flood of
3445:
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From 9-11 July armed rival political factions engaged in armed clashes and rocket attacks, killing five civilians and political affiliates and wounding over 85 civilians and political affiliates.
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But the coup of 1970, which brought an Alawi air force officer, Hafez al-Assad, to power, was what finally ended the instability that had reigned in Syria since the advent of independence.
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299:
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Syrian-mediated peace agreement between the IUM and the ADP came into force on 18 September. By 1985, Tawhid had control over Tripoli, and the ADP was entrenched in Jabal Mohsen.
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663:
457:
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On 20 January 2014, Abdul Rahman Diab, an ADP official, was gunned down in his car in Tripoli. Over nine days in March 2014, 25 people were killed and 175 were wounded.
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On 23 August 2013, twin bombings in Tripoli caused extensive damage, killing 47 people and wounding more than 500, according to Lebanon's state-run National News Agency.
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Buildings in Bab al-Tabbaneh damaged during the Lebanese Civil War, Syria Street which divides the two neighbourhoods can be seen in the lower right
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The Alawis have been present in modern-day Lebanon since the 16th century and are estimated to number 100,000 today, mostly in Akkar and Tripoli
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Western diplomatic sources stated that these incidents were the beginning of a Salafist revolution, aimed at arming the uprising in Syria. The
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1995:
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1968:
891:, north Lebanon. Of the 120,000 Alawites in Lebanon, 40,000 to 60,000 live in Tripoli. They have close ties with the Alawites in Syria.
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One Sunni Muslim fought alongside the ADP and was killed in the May clashes. He was condemned as a traitor by his fellow Sunnis.
926:
860:, the city is the traditional bastion of conservative Sunnis in Lebanon. Sunnis represent 27% of Lebanon's entire population.
710:
612:
157:
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1241:
607:
574:
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After independence from France, Alawites' co-religionists came to power in Syria in 1966 and have been represented by the
629:
2425:
1657:
1537:
4231:
944:, which was based mainly in Bab-Tabbaneh. Before the war, the populations of the two neighbourhoods lived side by side.
735:
522:
1065:
Between 10 and 11 February 2012, two to three people died because of fighting in Jabal Mohsen and Bab al-Tebbaneh. Six
3263:
1194:
868:. In addition, many free religious schools preach rigid Sunni doctrines. Tripoli is also the birthplace of Lebanon's
755:
534:
3108:
2013:
1052:
Lebanese army checkpoint on the entry to the Qubbe military base: LAF Northern Command, taken from Jabal Mohsen, 2011
2126:"New Crisis, Old Demons in Lebanon: The Forgotten Lessons of Bab-Tebbaneh/Jabal Mohsen – International Crisis Group"
2945:
1485:
1279:
856:
With 500,000 inhabitants, Tripoli is the second-largest city in Lebanon. Because a large part of its population is
846:
618:
379:
2461:
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oppressed Alawites, but Alawites gained power and influence when the French recruited them as soldiers during the
4226:
4089:
1427:
With The Assistance of Maureen McConville. Seale, Patrick. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989, c1988.
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43:
Lebanese army personnel on Syria Street, guarding the road between Bab al-Tabbaneh and Jabal Mohsen in 2011
4065:"Army Starts Removing Jabal Mohsen Barricades, Eid Voices Reservation and Kabbara Gives 48-Hour Ultimatum"
3646:
3571:
857:
779:
715:
698:
634:
487:
2487:
1066:
967:
884:
750:
369:
359:
354:
1106:
the unrest in Syria started in May 2011, Tripoli and North Lebanon had an increase in Syrian refugees.
1690:
1395:
649:
529:
451:
17:
2514:"Jabal Mohsen and Bab al-Tabbaneh targeted by three Energa grenades after the first day of violence"
2373:
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1460:
644:
592:
374:
324:
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1608:
1231:
1098:
912:
850:
799:
730:
468:
422:
334:
3914:"3 Dead, 4 Hurt in Tripoli Clashes, Army Readies to Enter Jabal Mohsen as Part of Security Plan"
2403:
1178:
people, including an army soldier, had been killed. On 23 March, three more people were killed.
966:
During the 2008 conflict in Lebanon, Sunnis fought against Alawites. The ADP rearmed during the
38:
2747:
1720:
2590:
2517:
1972:
1368:
1362:
1345:
1337:
1332:
917:
539:
501:
2318:
1563:
1153:
1070:
979:
900:
791:
787:
668:
597:
569:
559:
349:
114:
64:
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soldiers were injured while attempting to intervene. The skirmishes lead to fears that the
2539:
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1048:
992:
937:
873:
869:
842:
688:
516:
494:
475:
344:
194:
125:
102:
89:
4129:"25 Dead, 175 Hurt as Tripoli Fighting Enters 9th Day amid Call for Unilateral Ceasefire"
2540:"IRIN Middle East – LEBANON: Football unites for a day – Lebanon – Governance – Security"
845:
since 1970. This event angered some of the Sunni majority of Syria. They reacted with an
3545:
3519:
2314:
1811:
1003:
971:
941:
925:
During the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990), Lebanese Alawites in the Jabal-Mohsen-based
831:
564:
554:
544:
244:
4040:"Army Deploys in Some Tripoli Flashpoints, Fighting Frontiers Leaders Still Reluctant"
1943:
4205:
2225:
1917:
1424:
1086:. Three of the dead were reportedly Sunni civilians, while one was an army officer.
823:
798:
from 1976 through 2015. Residents of the two neighbourhoods became rivals during the
683:
1040:
2803:"6 Dead, 70 Hurt as Clashes Spread in Tripoli and Islamists Reclose al-Nour Square"
1944:"Refworld – Lebanon: Displaced families struggle on both sides of sectarian divide"
1094:
896:
877:
803:
549:
440:
2917:"Diplomats Say 'Salafist Revolution' in Tripoli Aim at Arming Syrian Opposition"
2444:"Robert Fisk: Al-Qa'ida sends its warriors from Iraq to wage 'jihad' in Lebanon"
1918:"Refworld – Lebanon: Displaced Allawis find little relief in impoverished north"
1781:
1438:
1044:
Lebanese army convoy patrolling Jabal Mohsen, a few weeks after the 2011 clashes
1017:
In October 2009, Jabal Mohsen was attacked with grenades by unknown assailants.
996:
930:
1751:
4196:
4191:
4186:
3316:"One Killed as Personal Dispute Escalates into Armed Clash in Bab al-Tabbaneh"
2287:
3788:"Three killed by snipers in sectarian clashes in Lebanon's Tripoli (Reuters)"
3738:"Tripoli Death Toll Hits 7 as Clashes Renew at Night and Army Arrests Gunmen"
277:
3864:"Two Hurt by Sniper Fire in Jabal Mohsen as 'Cautious Calm' Engulfs Tripoli"
3231:"One Killed in Tripoli by Gunshots Fired in Celebration of Damascus Bombing"
2748:"At least two killed as Alawite-Sunni fighting erupts in Lebanese port city"
2399:
2343:
740:
182:
3341:"2 Dead, 5 Hurt as Families Dispute Erupts into Gunfire in Bab al-Tabbaneh"
1833:
1628:
4174:
2017:
3839:"Army Arrests Suspect for Tossing Grenades in Tripoli 'to Incite Strife'"
934:
887:
live in the Jabal Mohsen neighbourhood of Tripoli and nearby villages in
865:
827:
783:
4015:"At Least 10 Dead in Tripoli Clashes as Heavy Weapons Used for 1st Time"
3366:"Fighting Erupts in Rival Tripoli Districts, Army Hits Back at Shooters"
1333:
Minorities in the Middle East: a history of struggle and self-expression
1262:"Islamic State: Battle of Tripoli is won but hearts and minds are lost"
1174:
795:
311:
232:
3763:"Report: Lebanese Men Arrested in Tall Kalakh to Be Tried in Damascus"
3672:"Ceasefire Declared, Army Deploys in Tripoli after 11 Killed, 39 Hurt"
2960:"4 Inerga rocket-propelled grenades fired in north Lebanon: residents"
3814:"Army Units Deploy in Tripoli as Clashes, Sniper Fire Renew at Night"
2100:"LEBANON'S POLITICS: THE SUNNI COMMUNITY AND HARIRI'S FUTURE CURRENT"
390:
1859:"'Lebanese Allawites welcome Syria's withdrawal as 'necessary' 2005"
4104:"Arab Democratic Party Official Shot Dead in Tripoli amid Flare up"
1102:
1047:
1039:
916:
888:
807:
169:
3889:"One Killed in Tripoli Clashes after Shooting Erupts at Hospital"
2426:"Tripoli Turmoil Increases Risk of a Sunni-Shiite War in Lebanon"
1595:. 23 December 2008. Archived from the original on 1 February 2009
1306:"Truce declared in Tripoli between Bab al-Tabbaneh, Jabal Mohsen"
952:
of its fighters, arresting others, and scattering the remainder.
802:
and frequently engaged in violence. Residents were divided along
3494:"Fighting in Lebanese city for second night, 7 killed (Reuters)"
1834:"Lebanon's Alawites Watch and Wait as Assad Struggles for Power"
3105:"Lebanese army deployed in Tripoli after 15 killed – Ya Libnan"
2942:"Geagea: Hezbollah training, arming Tripoli groups – Ya Libnan"
1185:
On 29 and 30 November, thirteen people were killed in clashes.
1152:
Clashes broke out on 19 October following the assassination of
806:
lines and by their opposition to or support of the Alawite-led
394:
281:
3939:"Two Soldiers Killed as Army Seeks to Contain Tripoli Clashes"
2229:
1892:"Lebanon's Alawi: A Minority Struggles in a 'Nation' of Sects"
2396:"Hariri tells Alawites in north Lebanon: We are all Lebanese"
3075:"Cautious calm in north Lebanon marred by sporadic shooting"
2858:"Lebanese soldier among 8 wounded in north Lebanon clashes"
2366:"North Lebanon reconciliation struck through joint efforts"
2200:"North Lebanon reconciliation struck through joint efforts"
3476:"Fighting in Lebanese city for the second night, 7 killed"
3446:"Hezbollah ally camps out in mosque after Tripoli clashes"
3416:"Three Lebanese soldiers wounded in fresh Tripoli clashes"
3171:"One killed, one wounded by sniper fire in north Lebanon"
2562:"Two grenades fired into Tripoli's Jabal Mohsen district"
3520:"Lebanon clashes: Fresh clashes breach truce in Tripoli"
2462:"Three killed in fighting in Lebanon's Tripoli: sources"
3964:"Clashes Intensify in Tripoli as Death Toll Reaches 12"
3647:"Fighting flares in Lebanese city over Syria loyalties"
3286:"Two killed, 7 wounded in north Lebanon family dispute"
3145:"Several ceasefire violations were reported in Tripoli"
782:
residents of the Bab-al-Tabbaneh neighbourhood and the
2202:. Xinhua News Agency. 9 September 2008. Archived from
3572:"Syria blamed for deadly Lebanon blast – Middle East"
1801:
1799:
1421:
Asad of Syria : The Struggle for the Middle East
2773:"North Lebanon clashes claim 3, army restores order"
2711:"Calm returns after 3 die in north Lebanon violence"
1173:
On 28 February, five men were arrested for throwing
929:(ADP) aligned with Syria. They fought alongside the
3256:"One dead in Lebanon after anti-Assad celebrations"
2613:"Lebanon... Perils of the Syrian Quake Aftershocks"
2985:"Dispute between rival Tripoli residents wounds 2"
2891:"Clashes Resume in Tripoli : Several Wounded"
2589:. Nowlebanon.com. 28 November 2010. Archived from
2128:. Crisisgroup.org. 14 October 2010. Archived from
1971:. Nowlebanon.com. 13 February 2012. Archived from
2885:
2883:
2315:"Fighting breaks out in northern Lebanon; 4 dead"
2165:"The Glasgow Herald – Google News Archive Search"
1461:"International Outcry Grows Over Syria Crackdown"
4090:"Twin bombings rock mosques in Tripoli, Lebanon"
2516:. Nowlebanon.com. 8 October 2009. Archived from
970:, after it was revealed that the Islamist group
2767:
2765:
2070:"The Illustrious Past of Tripoli's "Frontline""
1942:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
1916:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
1538:"Pressures in Syria affect Alawites in Lebanon"
974:had planned to attack the Alawites of Tripoli.
31:
3989:"Lebanese army pulls out of Tripoli's streets"
3694:"Fatal sectarian clashes in Lebanon's Tripoli"
3620:"The innocent lives lost in Tripoli's battles"
3546:"Sunni cleric killed in north Lebanon clashes"
3201:"The view from Tripoli's restive Jabal Mohsen"
2648:"Several dead in clashes in Lebanon's Tripoli"
2488:"Car bomb attack on Lebanese army bus kills 5"
2340:"Nine killed in sectarian fighting in Lebanon"
2284:"Lebanon army gives gunmen deadline to disarm"
1589:"Middle East News, Iraq, Iran current affairs"
872:, a puritanical Sunni movement. The Sunnis of
4212:Military operations of the Lebanese Civil War
3594:"Three dead in Tripoli clashes, arrests made"
406:
293:
8:
3790:. Thomson Reuters Foundation. Archived from
3496:. Thomson Reuters Foundation. Archived from
3015:"Hezbollah role clouds Tripoli battleground"
2671:"Syria's Unrest Felt by Military in Lebanon"
2252:"Day 5: Lebanese dare to hope worst is over"
2040:"Tripoli, North Lebanon: The Forgotten City"
1280:"Syrian violence finds its echo in Lebanon"
3123:"Many killed as Lebanese clash over Syria"
2689:"Syrian violence spills over into Lebanon"
1084:Syrian Social Nationalist Party in Lebanon
810:government. Violence flared up during the
413:
399:
391:
300:
286:
278:
28:
4187:BBC Arabic documentary about the conflict
4154:"North Lebanon suicide attack kills nine"
3045:"Tense calm returns to Lebanon's Tripoli"
2742:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2642:
2640:
2014:"Tripoli Clashes: Keeping Conflict Alive"
1996:"Homs bloodshed spills over into Lebanon"
1658:"The Story Behind the Black Flag of ISIS"
4192:Vice News documentary about the conflict
2828:"North Lebanon clashes escalate, kill 5"
1744:"Trial by fire for Lebanon's government"
197:(2012–2015, from within Bab al-Tabbaneh)
4197:Press TV documentary about the conflict
3991:. English.al-akhbar.com. Archived from
2893:. English.al-akhbar.com. Archived from
2618:. Studies.aljazeera.net. Archived from
2016:. English.al-akhbar.com. Archived from
1253:
1656:McCants, William (22 September 2015).
1606:
4217:Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon
4180:Bab al-Tabbaneh–Jabal Mohsen conflict
1750:. Weekly.ahram.org.eg. Archived from
1651:
1649:
1031:Syrian Civil War spillover in Lebanon
812:Syrian Civil War spillover in Lebanon
778:was a recurring conflict between the
776:Bab al-Tabbaneh–Jabal Mohsen conflict
32:Bab al-Tabbaneh–Jabal Mohsen conflict
18:Bab al-Tibbaneh, Jabal Mohsen clashes
7:
2587:"Energa round falls in Jabal Mohsen"
899:(River of Abou-Ali) in 1956 and the
746:Civil Administration of the Mountain
603:1982 kidnapping of Iranian diplomats
137:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
1396:"Making Sense of the Syrian Crisis"
1025:Clashes during the Syrian Civil War
880:, which supports them financially.
4158:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
3645:Holmes, Oliver (23 October 2012).
3450:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
3391:"Tripoli Clashes Leave 12 Wounded"
3290:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
3205:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
3175:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
3079:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
3019:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
2989:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
2964:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
2862:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
2832:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
2777:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
2715:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
2566:The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon
2226:"Lebanese army sends troops north"
830:have fought each other. The Sunni
25:
2102:. Crisisgroup.org. Archived from
1994:Fisk, Robert (13 February 2012).
1459:Shadid, Anthony (26 April 2011).
1237:Weapons of the Lebanese Civil War
1217:2015 Jabal Mohsen suicide attacks
679:January 1986 Lebanese Forces coup
4237:21st century in Tripoli, Lebanon
4173:
1437:Kaplan, Robert (February 1993).
238:
226:
188:
175:
162:
151:
141:
130:
119:
108:
96:
83:
37:
2669:Wood, Josh (15 February 2012).
1865:. 30 April 2014. Archived from
1536:Zoi Constantine (25 May 2010).
613:Assassination of Bachir Gemayel
221:Other weaponsmiths and warlords
1808:"Return of the Pink Panthers?"
1242:2nd Infantry Brigade (Lebanon)
684:Assassination of Rashid Karami
608:Multinational Force in Lebanon
1:
3574:. Al Jazeera. 20 October 2010
3107:. 3 June 2012. Archived from
2944:. 18 May 2012. Archived from
2290:. 12 May 2008. Archived from
1021:house of ADP leader Ali Eid.
1629:"ISLAMIST GROUPS IN LEBANON"
1367:. Harvard University Press.
987:around four in the morning.
711:Assassination of René Moawad
340:Bab al-Tabbaneh–Jabal Mohsen
92:(during Lebanese Civil War)
3674:. Naharnet. 23 October 2012
1969:"Syria Street divides them"
1195:August 2013 Tripoli bombing
1189:August 2013 Tripoli bombing
849:, which was crushed by the
756:South Lebanon security belt
535:1978 South Lebanon conflict
172:(during Lebanese Civil War)
4253:
1214:
1192:
1073:would spill into Lebanon.
1028:
959:
910:
847:Islamist uprising in Syria
664:U.S. embassy annex bombing
619:Sabra and Shatila massacre
380:2023 Ain al-Hilweh clashes
365:Syrian civil war spillover
2450:. London. 15 August 2008.
1613:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
736:People's Republic of Tyre
724:Cantons and puppet states
523:St George's Church attack
432:
320:
263:
250:
201:
75:
47:
36:
2257:The Daily Star (Lebanon)
1748:Al-Ahram Weekly – Region
1568:U.S. Department of State
1439:"Syria: Identity Crisis"
962:2008 conflict in Lebanon
674:1985 Beirut car bombings
482:1976 Syrian intervention
330:1961 coup d'état attempt
1361:Field, Michael (1996).
836:French Mandate of Syria
657:Fourth phase: 1984–1990
509:Second phase: 1977–1982
4092:. CNN. 23 August 2013.
1713:"Kuwait Times Website"
1053:
1045:
922:
907:The Lebanese Civil War
699:Dahr al-Wahsh massacre
586:Third phase: 1982–1984
488:Siege of Tel al-Zaatar
435:First phase: 1975–1977
202:Commanders and leaders
105:(During 2008 conflict)
4182:at Wikimedia Commons
3526:. BBC. 23 August 2012
1364:Inside the Arab World
1051:
1043:
968:2007 Lebanon conflict
927:Arab Democratic Party
920:
876:have close ties with
751:State of Free Lebanon
580:Iraqi Embassy bombing
370:17 October Revolution
264:Casualties and losses
158:Arab Democratic Party
3111:on 22 February 2014.
2432:. 29 September 2008.
2406:on 12 September 2008
2187:Civil War in Lebanon
2152:Civil War in Lebanon
2106:on 27 September 2013
1806:Riad Yazbeck, Riad.
1784:on 20 September 2012
650:1984 Sohmor massacre
625:U.S. embassy bombing
575:1981 Israeli bombing
452:Battle of the Hotels
4232:Religion-based wars
3085:on 16 November 2018
2838:on 16 November 2018
2783:on 16 November 2018
2494:. 29 September 2008
1975:on 28 February 2012
1814:on 19 February 2012
1754:on 25 February 2012
1486:"Sunni camp splits"
1336:. McFarland, 2002.
885:Alawites of Lebanon
883:Nearly half of the
645:February 6 Intifada
593:1982 Beirut bombing
463:Black Saturday
446:Black Thursday
375:2021 Beirut clashes
310:Civil conflicts in
3181:on 3 February 2016
2995:on 3 February 2016
2675:The New York Times
2625:on 27 October 2012
2593:on 12 October 2017
2520:on 12 October 2017
2370:Xinhua News Agency
2167:. News.goog.le.com
2154:(1998), pp. 146–7.
2132:on 3 December 2012
2050:on 4 February 2014
2020:on 22 October 2014
1465:The New York Times
1312:. 11 February 2012
1268:. 28 October 2014.
1232:Lebanese Civil War
1099:March 14 coalition
1054:
1046:
978:Alawite-dominated
933:against the Sunni
923:
913:Lebanese Civil War
901:Lebanese Civil War
851:1982 Hama massacre
800:Lebanese Civil War
731:East Beirut canton
704:War of Elimination
469:Karantina massacre
424:Lebanese Civil War
147:Local Armed Groups
4178:Media related to
3995:on 3 October 2018
3626:. 26 October 2012
3482:. 21 August 2012.
3426:on 3 October 2018
3420:Al Akhbar English
3266:on 3 October 2018
3260:Al Akhbar English
3055:on 3 October 2018
3049:Al Akhbar English
2364:Suzan Haidamous.
2074:Al Akhbar English
2044:Al Akhbar English
1896:Al Akhbar English
1693:on 5 October 2011
1350:978-0-7864-1375-1
1330:Mordechai Nisan.
1286:. Mcclatchydc.com
790:neighbourhood of
786:residents of the
771:
770:
694:War of Liberation
640:Battle of Tripoli
635:Mountain War
630:Barracks bombings
540:Battle of Kaukaba
530:Hundred Days' War
502:Aishiyeh massacre
388:
387:
276:
275:
71:
70:
16:(Redirected from
4244:
4227:2010s in Lebanon
4177:
4162:
4161:
4150:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4139:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4086:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4061:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4050:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4011:
4005:
4004:
4002:
4000:
3985:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3960:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3910:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3885:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3874:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3835:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3810:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3799:
3794:on 15 April 2013
3784:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3759:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3690:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3679:
3668:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3631:
3616:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3600:. 27 August 2012
3590:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3552:. 24 August 2012
3542:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3500:on 16 April 2013
3490:
3484:
3483:
3472:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3452:. Archived from
3442:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3422:. Archived from
3412:
3406:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3362:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3337:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3326:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3292:. Archived from
3282:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3262:. Archived from
3252:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3207:. Archived from
3197:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3177:. Archived from
3167:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3119:
3113:
3112:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3081:. Archived from
3071:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3051:. Archived from
3041:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3021:. Archived from
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2991:. Archived from
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2938:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2927:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2887:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2864:. Archived from
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2834:. Archived from
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2779:. Archived from
2769:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2744:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2717:. Archived from
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2644:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2624:
2617:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2402:. Archived from
2392:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2372:. Archived from
2361:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2319:Associated Press
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2260:. Archived from
2248:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2196:
2190:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2161:
2155:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2076:. Archived from
2066:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2046:. Archived from
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2010:
2004:
2003:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1874:
1869:on 25 March 2012
1855:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1810:. Archived from
1803:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1780:. Archived from
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1723:on 24 March 2012
1719:. Archived from
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1689:. Archived from
1679:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1653:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1612:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1434:
1428:
1419:Seale, Patrick.
1417:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1358:
1352:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1258:
1154:Wissam al-Hassan
1071:Syrian Civil War
669:War of the Camps
621:
598:1982 Lebanon War
570:Battle of Zahleh
560:At Tiri incident
519:
504:
497:
490:
478:
471:
458:ASALA insurgency
454:
427:
425:
415:
408:
401:
392:
350:Cedar Revolution
315:
314:
302:
295:
288:
279:
243:
242:
241:
231:
230:
229:
218:Husam Al Sabbagh
193:
192:
191:
180:
179:
178:
168:
166:
165:
156:
155:
154:
146:
145:
144:
135:
134:
133:
124:
123:
122:
115:Free Syrian Army
113:
112:
111:
101:
100:
99:
88:
87:
86:
65:Tripoli, Lebanon
49:
48:
41:
29:
21:
4252:
4251:
4247:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4222:2008 in Lebanon
4202:
4201:
4171:
4166:
4165:
4152:
4151:
4147:
4137:
4135:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4112:
4110:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4088:
4087:
4083:
4073:
4071:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4048:
4046:
4038:
4037:
4033:
4023:
4021:
4013:
4012:
4008:
3998:
3996:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3972:
3970:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3947:
3945:
3937:
3936:
3932:
3922:
3920:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3897:
3895:
3887:
3886:
3882:
3872:
3870:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3847:
3845:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3822:
3820:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3797:
3795:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3771:
3769:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3746:
3744:
3736:
3735:
3731:
3721:
3719:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3699:
3697:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3677:
3675:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3655:
3653:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3629:
3627:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3603:
3601:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3577:
3575:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3555:
3553:
3544:
3543:
3539:
3529:
3527:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3503:
3501:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3459:
3457:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3429:
3427:
3414:
3413:
3409:
3399:
3397:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3349:
3347:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3324:
3322:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3299:
3297:
3296:on 2 March 2014
3284:
3283:
3279:
3269:
3267:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3239:
3237:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3214:
3212:
3211:on 2 March 2014
3199:
3198:
3194:
3184:
3182:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3154:
3152:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3128:
3126:
3121:
3120:
3116:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3088:
3086:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3058:
3056:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3028:
3026:
3025:on 2 March 2014
3013:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2968:
2966:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2948:on 20 May 2012.
2940:
2939:
2935:
2925:
2923:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2889:
2888:
2881:
2871:
2869:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2841:
2839:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2811:
2809:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2786:
2784:
2771:
2770:
2763:
2753:
2751:
2746:
2745:
2734:
2724:
2722:
2721:on 2 March 2014
2709:
2708:
2704:
2694:
2692:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2668:
2667:
2663:
2653:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2638:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2596:
2594:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2570:
2568:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2545:
2543:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2523:
2521:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2497:
2495:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2471:
2469:
2468:. 26 March 2014
2460:
2459:
2455:
2448:The Independent
2442:
2441:
2437:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2409:
2407:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2379:
2377:
2376:on 14 June 2010
2363:
2362:
2358:
2348:
2346:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2323:
2321:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2267:
2265:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2235:
2233:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2209:
2207:
2206:on 14 June 2010
2198:
2197:
2193:
2189:(1998), p. 171.
2184:
2180:
2170:
2168:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2149:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2109:
2107:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2080:on 28 June 2012
2068:
2067:
2063:
2053:
2051:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2023:
2021:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2000:The Independent
1993:
1992:
1988:
1978:
1976:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1926:
1924:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1872:
1870:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1842:
1840:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1817:
1815:
1805:
1804:
1797:
1787:
1785:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1757:
1755:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1726:
1724:
1717:KuwaitTimes.net
1711:
1710:
1706:
1696:
1694:
1687:.alwatan.com.kw
1681:
1680:
1676:
1666:
1664:
1655:
1654:
1647:
1637:
1635:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1605:
1598:
1596:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1572:
1570:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1545:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1520:
1518:
1512:"Sunni capital"
1510:
1509:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1469:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1418:
1414:
1404:
1402:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1329:
1325:
1315:
1313:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1289:
1287:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1266:The Independent
1260:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1228:
1219:
1213:
1205:
1197:
1191:
1171:
1162:
1150:
1137:
1128:
1119:
1079:
1063:
1038:
1033:
1027:
1015:
993:Future Movement
964:
958:
938:Tawhid Movement
915:
909:
874:Bab al-Tabbaneh
870:Salafi movement
843:al-Assad family
822:For centuries,
820:
772:
767:
726:
721:
718:
716:Battle of Sidon
689:War of Brothers
659:
652:
617:
588:
517:Chouf massacres
515:
511:
500:
495:Chekka massacre
493:
486:
476:Damour massacre
474:
467:
450:
437:
428:
423:
421:
419:
389:
384:
345:Dinnieh clashes
316:
309:
308:
306:
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1542:The National
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821:
788:Jabal Mohsen
780:Sunni Muslim
775:
773:
723:
722:
656:
655:
585:
584:
550:Qaa massacre
508:
507:
441:Bus massacre
434:
339:
224:
208:Said Shaaban
207:
81:
76:Belligerents
26:
3678:27 November
3630:27 November
3155:27 November
2410:24 December
2380:24 December
2210:14 November
1873:21 February
1818:20 February
1727:14 November
1697:14 November
1633:Mafhoum.com
1599:14 November
1548:14 November
1544:. Abu Dhabi
1316:27 November
1135:August 2012
1004:Rifa'at Eid
1000:Tripoli".
997:Saad Hariri
931:Syrian Army
325:1958 crisis
245:Rifa'at Eid
55:1976 – 2015
4206:Categories
4138:22 October
4113:22 October
4074:22 October
4049:22 October
4024:22 October
3999:22 October
3973:22 October
3948:22 October
3923:22 October
3898:22 October
3873:22 October
3848:22 October
3823:22 October
3798:22 October
3772:22 October
3747:22 October
3722:22 October
3700:22 October
3656:23 October
3604:23 October
3578:23 October
3504:22 October
3460:22 October
3430:22 October
3400:22 October
3375:22 October
3350:22 October
3325:22 October
3300:22 October
3270:22 October
3240:22 October
3215:22 October
3185:22 October
3129:22 October
3089:22 October
3059:22 October
3029:22 October
2999:22 October
2969:22 October
2926:22 October
2901:22 October
2872:22 October
2842:22 October
2812:22 October
2787:22 October
2754:22 October
2725:22 October
2695:22 October
2654:22 October
2629:22 October
2597:22 October
2571:22 October
2546:22 October
2524:22 October
2498:24 January
2472:24 January
2288:Al Arabiya
2171:22 October
2136:23 October
2110:22 October
2084:22 October
2054:22 October
2024:22 October
1979:22 October
1953:22 October
1927:22 October
1901:22 October
1843:22 October
1758:22 October
1638:22 October
1593:Asia Times
1573:22 October
1496:28 January
1492:. Asiaonet
1405:22 October
1380:22 October
1290:22 October
1248:References
818:Background
216:Amer Arish
185:supporters
3556:24 August
3530:23 August
3149:Ya Libnan
2430:Bloomberg
2400:Ya Libnan
2344:France 24
2002:. London.
1774:"Tripoli"
1609:cite news
1564:"Lebanon"
1310:Ya Libnan
1126:July 2012
1117:June 2012
1036:June 2011
1013:2009–2009
804:sectarian
741:Fatahland
335:Civil war
183:Hezbollah
4133:Naharnet
4108:Naharnet
4069:Naharnet
4044:Naharnet
4019:Naharnet
3968:Naharnet
3943:Naharnet
3918:Naharnet
3893:Naharnet
3868:Naharnet
3843:Naharnet
3818:Naharnet
3767:Naharnet
3742:Naharnet
3550:BBC News
3524:BBC News
3395:Naharnet
3370:Naharnet
3345:Naharnet
3320:Naharnet
3235:Naharnet
2921:Naharnet
2807:Naharnet
1948:Refworld
1922:Refworld
1838:Naharnet
1516:Naharnet
1400:Stratfor
1284:McClatch
1226:See also
1175:grenades
1101:accused
1097:-backed
1077:May 2012
935:Islamist
828:Alawites
272:Hundreds
269:Hundreds
251:Strength
60:Location
3651:Reuters
3480:Reuters
2492:Reuters
2466:Reuters
1490:AsiaOne
995:leader
942:Tripoli
796:Lebanon
792:Tripoli
784:Alawite
312:Lebanon
233:Ali Eid
2542:. IRIN
2298:13 May
2268:12 May
2236:16 May
1788:4 July
1521:4 July
1371:
1348:
1340:
808:Syrian
181:Sunni
167:
2623:(PDF)
2616:(PDF)
1470:3 May
1103:Syria
1095:Saudi
889:Akkar
866:niqab
259:+3000
256:+3000
170:Syria
4140:2014
4115:2014
4076:2014
4051:2014
4026:2014
4001:2014
3975:2014
3950:2014
3925:2014
3900:2014
3875:2014
3850:2014
3825:2014
3800:2014
3774:2014
3749:2014
3724:2014
3702:2014
3680:2012
3658:2012
3632:2012
3606:2012
3580:2012
3558:2012
3532:2012
3506:2014
3462:2014
3432:2014
3402:2014
3377:2014
3352:2014
3327:2014
3302:2014
3272:2014
3242:2014
3217:2014
3187:2014
3157:2012
3131:2014
3091:2014
3061:2014
3031:2014
3001:2014
2971:2014
2928:2014
2903:2014
2874:2014
2844:2014
2814:2014
2789:2014
2756:2014
2727:2014
2697:2014
2656:2014
2631:2014
2599:2014
2573:2014
2548:2014
2526:2014
2500:2023
2474:2023
2412:2008
2382:2008
2351:2008
2326:2008
2300:2008
2270:2008
2238:2008
2212:2011
2173:2014
2138:2012
2112:2014
2086:2014
2056:2014
2026:2014
1981:2014
1955:2014
1929:2014
1903:2014
1875:2012
1845:2014
1820:2012
1790:2010
1760:2014
1729:2011
1699:2011
1669:2022
1640:2014
1615:link
1601:2011
1575:2014
1550:2011
1523:2010
1498:2010
1472:2011
1407:2014
1382:2014
1369:ISBN
1346:ISBN
1338:ISBN
1318:2012
1292:2014
1203:2014
1169:2013
826:and
774:The
52:Date
2230:BBC
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