415:
performed admirably, delighting the audience with their singing and musical interludes. The Qazi sent a secret message to Firuz, warning him to be prepared, and led his troupe to the prince's tents. Only the Qazi and two others were required to perform the dance, while the rest of the party remained outside, ready to facilitate their escape. After showcasing some tricks, Sirajuddin called for weapons to perform the sword and dagger dance. The three performers then amazed the partially intoxicated
Vijayanagar with their swordplay. Suddenly, Sirajuddin rushed forward and struck down the prince, while his two confederates dealt with the minister, other spectators, and torch-bearers. The trio then escaped into the darkness and rejoined their companions outside. Meanwhile, upon the first signs of disturbance, their companions had attacked and killed the same guards, allowing the entire group to flee to safety and await the outcome of their mission.
411:
dispersion, necessary for supply purposes, undermined their cohesion. However, their sheer numbers made it impossible to attempt to cross the river. Firuz grew increasingly frustrated by his enforced inaction, which eventually took a toll on his health. During this time, an officer of the
Bahmani named Qazi Sirajuddin, though initially appointed for his judicial duties, displayed more prowess in military matters. He suggested a bold plan to Firuz Shah, which the latter initially forbade but later approved. Qazi Sirajuddin, a man of various talents, had acquired proficiency in music, dancing, and juggling during his youth. He proposed crossing the river with a small band of performers who could easily gain entry into the disorderly camp of the enemy. By assassinating either Harihara or his son, they could sow chaos and provide an opportunity for the Bahmani army to cross under the cover of darkness.
37:
448:
Sultan would release all the prisoners captured, and in return, Harihara would pay ten lacs of huns into the royal treasury. Additionally, the Malik Na'ib would receive a present of a lac of huns for successfully concluding the negotiations. After appointing Faulad Khan, son of Safder Khan
Sistani, as the Governor of the Raichur Doab, Firuz returned home. The emperor of Vijayanagara had to pay thirty-three
313:
428:
326:
255:
282:, the Vijayanagara emperor. However, Bukka refused to concede, leading to military conflicts between the two sides. Mujahid marched against Bukka, who avoided direct confrontation for six months and took refuge within his capital. After some successes, the Bahmanids ultimately withdrew with a substantial number of prisoners. They later besieged
293:. Upon Daud's death, a faction at the court aimed to install Daud's infant son, Muhammad Sanjar, as the ruler. However, the child was under the custody of Ruh Parwar, who had him blinded, thwarting the plan to place him on the throne. Supporters of Ruh Parwar then offered the throne to Prince Muhammad, a son of Mahmud Khan, a younger son of
403:
435:
While the quarrels were ongoing, a
Bahmani force of four thousand men arrived on the scene and engaged the Vijayanagar army, forcing them to flee. The following morning, Firuz himself arrived at the scene, and the Vijayanagar king Harihara was compelled to retreat to his dominions. The southern bank
389:
of
Vijayanagar, with 80,000 cavalry and additional forces of Musketeers, subdued the Velama chiefs of Telangana, who had a treaty relationship with the Bahmanis. While Firuz Shah's main army was defending the Raichur Doab, the Telangana army of Vijayanagar faced little difficulty in defeating their
418:
The
Vijayanagar camp was thrown into chaos, with wild rumors spreading. Many believed that the enemy had crossed the river in force and killed the prince. In the darkness, some Vijayanagaris mistook others for enemies and attacked them. The confusion only ended when a fire, ignited by some burning
447:
The relatives of these
Brahmins in the city pleaded with Harihar to offer ransom for their release. Harihara II then laid down his arms and entered into negotiations with the Malik Na'ib, who had returned after devastating the southern provinces. A treaty was drafted, stipulating that the Bahmani
414:
He and his small group crossed the river disguised as beggars and gained admission to the house of a female singer who regularly performed at the
Vijayanagara camp in the evenings. The disguised individuals asked the girl if they could accompany her, claiming to be skilled in music and song. They
235:
Seizing the opportunity, Qazi
Sirajuddin, a Bahmani officer, infiltrated the Vijayanagar camp as an assassin, assassinating the Prince and causing chaos. Exploiting the ensuing disorder, Firuz Shah launched an attack on Vijayanagar, compelling Harihara to lay down his arms under pressure from the
297:. Upon ascending the throne, Muhammad Khan assumed the title of Muhammad Shah II. Mohammed Shah II, was inclined towards peace and did not pursue warfare. Instead, he became a prominent patron of literature and science. During his reign, there were no wars between the Bahmanis and Vijayanagar.
410:
Firuz Shah, with no more than 12,000 cavalry, dared to advance towards the
Krishna river. The discipline and tactics of the Vijayanagar army were deemed contemptible. They were spread out over an area extending some seventeen miles along the riverbank and the same distance south of it. This
300:
Muhammad Shah II was known for his peaceful and benevolent rule, prioritizing the welfare of his people. He constructed mosques and schools and welcomed scholars from various parts of Asia. Due to his profound knowledge, he earned the nickname
439:
Despite the numerical weakness of his army, Firuz chose not to besiege Vijayanagar. Respecting the treaty signed between Mohammad Shah I and Bukka Raya I after the first war of 1367, the lives of non-combatants were spared. However
349:. Despite these minor conflicts, overall relations between the Bahmanis and Vijayanagar remained peaceful during this period. Right after Firuz Shah's ascension to the throne, in 1398, he confronted a rebellion at
305:." During a severe famine lasting eight years (1387-1395 A.D.), the Sultan swiftly organized relief efforts and established numerous orphanages to aid those in need. He passed away in 1397. His son-in-law,
436:
was captured by the Bahmanis. Harihara retreated, carrying the dead body of his son, leaving his army behind. Firuz pursued Harihara with a small force and halted his advance before reaching Vijayanagar.
376:
Taking advantage of the internal struggles faced by the Bahmanis, Harihara II decided to secure his flank by persuading Katya Vema of Rajamundry to join forces with him. He then launched an attack on the
228:, who capitalized on the internal conflicts within the Bahmani Sultanate's northern region. Firuz Shah faced a significant disadvantage as most of his army was deployed in the north. A flood in the
289:
After this campaign, Mujahid was assassinated by his uncle Daud Shah, who then ascended to the throne. Meanwhile, Bukka Raya had also passed away and was succeeded by his son
369:. Firuz Shah successfully suppressed the rebellion at Sagar, with assistance from certain Hindu chiefs, most notably Bhairon Singh, who was the progenitor of the Kingdom of
766:
213:, the two kingdoms enjoyed a period of peace for thirty years. However, in the late fourteenth century, they once again found themselves engaged in major warfare in the
390:
opponents. The rebellion at Kherla diverted Firuz Shah's attention, prompting him to send a large number of troops to the north. Additionally, a flood occurred in the
776:
28:
263:
249:
210:
333:
During the reign of Muhammad Shah II, there were no major wars between the Bahmanis and Vijayanagar. However, there were occasional skirmishes, notably at
472:
Dictionary of Battles and Sieges [3 volumes]: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity through the Twenty-first Century [3 volumes]
573:
529:
480:
385:, Raichur, and other strategic locations. The combined army of Harihara consisted of 30,000 cavalry and 900,000 men. Meanwhile, Prince
751:
309:, succeeded to the throne after Muhammad Shah II. The Bahmanids resumed their war with Vijayanagar during the reign of Firuz Shah.
761:
756:
240:
and receiving a ransom of 1 million Hunas. Harihara had to pay an annual tribute of 3.3 million Tankas to the Bahmanis.
592:
A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat, A.D. 1206-1526, edited by Mohammad Habib and Khaliq Ahmad Nizami
444:, the brother of Firuz Shah, captured a significant number of people, including ten thousand Brahmins, were enslaved.
419:
tents, revealed the mistake to the combatants. Some stood ready to fight by their tents, unsure of whom to strike.
771:
286:
but, eventually, peace negotiations were reached. Following this, the Bahmanids returned to their capital.
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Brahmins, whose families had been enslaved by the Bahmanis. The Bahmanis withdrew after recapturing the
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140:
705:
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345:. In 1395, the Vijayanagara general Cheneppa captured a place called Rangini in
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further complicated matters, separating the two armies on opposite banks.
366:
378:
221:
66:
501:
Allan, John Andrew; Dodwell, Henry Herbert; Haig, F. Wolscley (1943).
382:
370:
629:
The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans, edited by W. Haig
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due to the rainy season, preventing either army from crossing it.
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of tankas annually to the Bahmanis as a result of this campaign.
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334:
675:
673:
671:
658:
656:
545:
Sinha, Narendra Krishna; Banerjee, Anil Chandra (1944).
604:
602:
16:
Fourteenth century war between Bahmanis and Vijayanagar
258:
Bahmani coins issued during the reign of Mujahid Shah
381:
Doab in a fanlike movement, simultaneously covering
524:. Adam Publishers & Distributors. p. 171.
197:of 1398 marked the military conflicts between the
568:. Atlantic Publishers & Distri. p. 95.
21:
8:
475:. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 547.
35:
18:
767:Battles involving the Vijayanagara Empire
649:. Munshiram Manoharlal. pp. 153–154.
595:. People's Publishing House. p. 977.
732:
720:
278:. He demanded large tracts of land from
551:. A. Mukherjee & Bros. p. 440.
461:
353:, followed by another rebellion led by
220:The war was ignited by the invasion of
662:
608:
504:The Cambridge Shorter History of India
710:. Prabhakar Publications. p. 41.
632:. University Press. pp. 387–389.
7:
777:Wars involving the Bahmani Sultanate
691:
679:
621:
619:
617:
496:
494:
492:
274:, initiated a campaign against the
250:Bahmani–Vijayanagar War (1362–1367)
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205:and the Vijayanagar empire under
507:. University Press. p. 174.
707:A History of Vijayanagar Empire
211:Bahmani-Vijayanagar War in 1367
22:Bahmani–Vijayanagara War (1398)
643:Sherwani, Haroon Khan (1985).
521:HISTORY OF ISLAM (2 Vols. Set)
195:Bahmani–Vijayanagar War (1398)
1:
398:Assassination of Prince Bukka
704:Sarma, P. Sree Rama (1992).
91:Vijayanagar expansion halted
469:Jaques, Tony (2006-11-30).
793:
646:The Bahmanis of the Deccan
247:
752:History of Andhra Pradesh
178:
148:
116:
99:
45:
34:
26:
361:, with support from the
29:Bahmani–Vijayanagar Wars
589:Nizami, Khaliq (1970).
518:Hasan, Prof M. (2002).
264:Bahmani-Vijayanagar war
562:Jayapalan, N. (2001).
432:
407:
330:
317:
295:Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah
259:
117:Commanders and leaders
430:
405:
328:
315:
257:
179:Casualties and losses
123:Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah
762:History of Karnataka
757:History of Telangana
224:by Prince Bukka and
209:. After the initial
431:Krishna River today
316:Coin of Harihara II
276:Vijayanagara Empire
203:Tajuddin Firuz Shah
139:Prince Bukka
111:Vijayanagara empire
41:Krishna River Basin
682:, p. 388-389.
433:
408:
331:
318:
260:
575:978-81-7156-928-1
531:978-81-7435-019-0
482:978-0-313-02799-4
406:The Krishna River
199:Bahmani Sultanate
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127:Ahmad Shah I Wali
106:Bahmani Sultanate
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772:Looting in India
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565:History of India
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548:History of India
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329:The Raichur Doab
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423:Final conflicts
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363:Malwa Sultanate
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321:Initial attacks
272:Mohammed Shah I
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130:Qazi Sirajuddin
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81:Bahmani victory
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735:, p. 155.
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169:80,000 Cavalry
163:30,000 Cavalry
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154:12,000 Cavalry
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268:Mujahid Shah
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100:Belligerents
663:Nizami 1970
609:Nizami 1970
291:Harihara II
226:Harihara II
207:Harihara II
166:Under Bukka
161:900,000 Men
136:Harihara II
132:Malik Na'ib
86:Territorial
71:Vijayanagar
746:Categories
456:References
442:Ahmad Shah
343:Kothakonda
307:Firuz Shah
280:Bukka Raya
262:After the
248:See also:
244:Background
173:Musketeers
692:Haig 1928
680:Haig 1928
355:Narasimha
303:Aristotle
266:of 1367,
158:Main army
387:Bukka II
367:Khandesh
171:Unknown
149:Strength
58:Location
27:Part of
379:Raichur
222:Raichur
184:Unknown
88:changes
67:Raichur
572:
528:
479:
383:Mudgal
371:Mudhol
359:Kherla
351:Sagara
341:, and
201:under
78:Result
450:lakhs
339:Adoni
284:Adoni
187:Heavy
570:ISBN
526:ISBN
477:ISBN
365:and
193:The
53:1398
50:Date
357:of
335:Goa
748::
670:^
655:^
616:^
601:^
491:^
373:.
337:,
217:.
69:,
65:,
578:.
534:.
485:.
301:"
142:X
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