113:” which is generally used in the context of power engineering and applies to all the supporting components and systems of the power plant which are needed to produce the energy. These may include suitable transformers, inverters, cabling, switching and control equipment, protection equipment, power conditioners, support structures, etc., depending on the type of plant.
121:
Cost of balance of system will include the cost of the hardware (and software, if applicable), labor, permitting
Interconnection and Inspection (PII) fees, and any other fees that may apply. For large commercial solar systems, the cost of BOS may include the cost of land and building, etc. The cost
130:
While the cost of solar panels is coming down appreciably, the cost of BOS is not showing the same rate of decline. It is understandable because extra effort has gone into the solar cell technology. The solar cell technology is still evolving and improving, and costs are being reduced fast. The
131:
balance of systems consists mostly of items which are not specific to solar technology. As an example, the mounting structures are quite usual and the technology may already be mature, benefitting little from further innovation and research.
198:
101:
require equipment and facilities, such as grid connections, office facilities, and concrete. Land is sometimes included as part of the BOS as well.
160:
37:
60:
98:
87:
71:
168:
56:
86:, or task-specific accessories designed to meet specialized requirements for a system owner. In addition,
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242:
45:
29:
25:
75:
140:
79:
49:
41:
236:
67:
91:
33:
83:
172:
195:"Life Cycle Inventories and Life Cycle Assessments of Photovoltaic Systems"
194:
197:. IEA-PVPS (published 13 March 2015). January 2015. p. 18.
64:
122:of BOS can be about two thirds of the total cost.
8:
94:or mirrors and sometimes a cooling system.
109:A similar term to balance of system is “
152:
213:"Balance of System (BOS): what is it?"
201:from the original on 8 September 2015.
7:
97:In addition, ground-mounted, large
55:Other optional components include
24:) encompasses all components of a
14:
165:Solar Energy Technologies Program
171:. 5 January 2006. Archived from
1:
61:maximum power point tracker
259:
99:photovoltaic power station
88:concentrated photovoltaics
72:Energy management software
169:U.S. Department of Energy
57:renewable energy credit
111:balance of plant (BOP)
59:revenue-grade meter,
161:"Balance of System"
76:solar concentrators
30:photovoltaic panels
26:photovoltaic system
32:. This includes
18:balance of system
250:
227:
226:
224:
223:
217:sinovoltaics.com
209:
203:
202:
191:
185:
184:
182:
180:
157:
141:Balance of plant
105:Balance of Plant
90:systems require
80:solar irradiance
258:
257:
253:
252:
251:
249:
248:
247:
233:
232:
231:
230:
221:
219:
211:
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206:
193:
192:
188:
178:
176:
159:
158:
154:
149:
137:
128:
119:
107:
50:battery charger
42:solar inverters
38:mounting system
28:other than the
12:
11:
5:
256:
254:
246:
245:
235:
234:
229:
228:
204:
186:
151:
150:
148:
145:
144:
143:
136:
133:
127:
126:Downward Trend
124:
118:
115:
106:
103:
92:optical lenses
40:, one or many
36:, switches, a
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
255:
244:
241:
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238:
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196:
190:
187:
175:on 4 May 2008
174:
170:
166:
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153:
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139:
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134:
132:
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116:
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95:
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69:
68:solar tracker
66:
62:
58:
53:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
243:Solar energy
220:. Retrieved
216:
207:
189:
177:. Retrieved
173:the original
164:
155:
129:
120:
110:
108:
96:
54:
46:battery bank
21:
17:
15:
117:Cost of BOS
222:2022-02-14
147:References
84:anemometer
82:sensors,
237:Category
199:Archived
135:See also
63:(MPPT),
34:wiring
179:7 May
181:2008
48:and
44:, a
16:The
65:GPS
22:BOS
239::
215:.
167:.
163:.
78:,
74:,
70:,
52:.
225:.
183:.
20:(
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