274:
been common with extruded propellants. Some ball propellants burned satisfactorily over a narrower pressure range than extruded propellants. Some handloaders accustomed to extruded propellants had difficulty determining appropriate charges for the unique components they were assembling. Light loads might fail to ignite and burn properly while heavier loads might cause abrupt pressure increases to dangerous levels.
273:
used to load cartridges, had a longer storage life in loaded cartridges, and reduced erosion of rifle barrels when those cartridges were fired. On the other hand, ball propellant loadings were more difficult to ignite, produced brighter muzzle flash, and left heavier fouling in rifle barrels than had
142:
This manufacturing process also worked with newly manufactured nitrocellulose. Manufacturing time was reduced from approximately two weeks for extruded propellants to 40 hours for ball propellants. Rate of burning is controlled by deterrent coatings eliminating precision forming and cutting machines
289:
stabilizers were reduced in 1970 as reformulated WC844 for the 5.56mm NATO cartridge. Civilian handloaders experienced similar fouling problems with smaller bore diameters. Some attributed the problem to residues of unburned deterrent coatings and suggested using magnum
151:
salvaged 80 tons of WC846 propellant from disassembled .303 British military rifle cartridges in 1949 and sold the propellant to handloading civilians as BL type C. The C was to indicate the propellant burned "cooler" than traditional
322:
was newly manufactured by Olin in 1961 with 10 percent nitroglycerin, 10 percent diphenylamine stabilizer, and 5.75 percent dibutyl phthalate deterrent, but without the flash suppressant used in the surplus military
130:
of small spherical globules of the desired size. Ethyl acetate distills off as pressure is slowly reduced to leave small spheres of nitrocellulose and additives. The spheres can be subsequently modified by adding
143:
required for surface area control of extruded propellants. Safety was improved by performing most of the manufacturing process in water. Olin subsidiaries began manufacturing ball powder specification WC846 for
302:
Hodgdon's original 80 tons of surplus BL-C introduced ball propellants to handloaders. Handloaders were ready to pay for newly manufactured ball propellants when the surplus supply was exhausted about 1960.
103:
and significant amounts remained unused after the war. Nitrocellulose deteriorates in storage, but military quantities of old smokeless propellant were sometimes reworked into new lots of propellants.
294:
to improve ignition and burning at lower pressures. Ignition was ultimately improved by blending in a small percentage of uncoated propellant granules to improve the performance of standard primers.
390:
reformulated 230 with 22.5 percent nitroglycerine and no deterrent coating so grain size and shape could be changed to minimize bridging in loading machines.
417:
630P Pistol propellant introduced in 1968 and replaced in 1973 by 630 with 35 percent nitroglycerin and no deterrent coating for magnum revolver loads.
754:
135:
to increase energy, flattening between rollers to a uniform minimum dimension, coating with deterrents to retard ignition, and/or glazing with
944:
829:
357:
propellant introduced in 1959 for loading very large capacity magnum cartridges with bore diameter of 0.3 inches (7.6 mm) or less.
914:
894:
874:
841:
716:
683:
507:
993:
384:
230P Pistol propellant with 40 percent nitroglycerin introduced in 1960 and replaced by 230 in 1973 for handgun target loads.
153:
1148:
122:
containing small quantities of desired stabilizers and other additives. The resultant syrup, combined with water and
634:
60:. Ball propellant can be manufactured more rapidly with greater safety and less expense than extruded propellants.
728:
937:
115:
114:
experimenting with ways to salvage tons of cannon powder manufactured for World War I. Olsen was employed by
118:
in 1929 and developed a process for manufacturing ball propellant by 1933. Reworked powder was dissolved in
258:
765:
429:
169:
148:
46:
1127:
1119:
1003:
817:
291:
277:
Fouling difficulties increased as military loadings shifted from the .303 British and 7.62 NATO to the
1023:
930:
161:
57:
978:
1018:
998:
396:
296 reformulated 295P introduced in 1973 with 10 percent nitroglycerin for magnum revolver loads.
337:
598:
982:
910:
890:
870:
837:
712:
679:
503:
286:
278:
246:
240:
207:
181:
157:
111:
438:
760BR Ball Rifle propellant (similar to H414) introduced in 1968 and replaced by 760 in 1973.
1099:
1071:
1013:
988:
974:
333:
H335 was surplus Olin WC844 for full-charge loads in the .223 Remington and .308 Winchester.
165:
84:
38:
445:
344:
315:
369:
Trap 100 was introduced in 1973 with 13.5 percent nitroglycerin for shotgun target loads.
269:
Aside from the manufacturing advantages, ball propellants metered more uniformly through
833:
822:
619:(Third ed.). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: The Stackpole Company. pp. 756&757.
319:
270:
189:
50:
454:
AA20S introduced in 1968 for standard 20 gauge shotgun loads and discontinued in 1972.
451:
AA12S introduced in 1968 for standard 12 gauge shotgun loads and discontinued in 1972.
1142:
1103:
1043:
1008:
330:
powder introduced in 1962 for loading the .30 carbine and magnum revolver cartridges.
234:
228:
195:
132:
119:
92:
1076:
408:
500HS High-velocity
Shotgun propellant introduced in 1960 and discontinued in 1972.
366:
HS7 was introduced in 1973 with 18 percent nitroglycerine for magnum shotgun loads.
360:
HS5 was introduced in 1963 with 13.5 percent nitroglycerin for shotgun field loads.
144:
80:
64:
363:
HS6 was introduced in 1963 with 18 percent nitroglycerin for heavy shotgun loads.
156:
propellants. Olin continued manufacturing WC846 for both civilian ammunition and
969:
953:
327:
216:
100:
68:
420:
680BR Ball Rifle propellant introduced in 1968 and replaced by 680 in 1973 for
411:
540MS Magnum
Shotgun propellant introduced in 1960 and replaced by 540 in 1973.
372:
HP38 was introduced in 1975 (similar to Olin 230) for target loads in handguns.
1086:
1028:
421:
354:
201:
123:
107:
54:
399:
450SL Shotgun
Loading propellant introduced in 1960 and discontinued in 1972.
126:, is heated and agitated in a pressurized container until the syrup forms an
63:
Ball propellant was first used to load military small arms cartridges during
1094:
1066:
1061:
1033:
282:
213:
435:
748BR Ball Rifle propellant introduced in 1968 and replaced by 748 in 1973.
17:
1056:
1051:
642:
425:
252:
136:
127:
441:
780BR Ball Rifle propellant introduced in 1968 and discontinued in 1972.
732:
96:
88:
160:
cartridges after the war. Manufacturing operations moved in 1969 from
961:
502:(1982) Wolfe Publishing Company pp.95,101,136-138,141,149&155
393:
295P Pistol propellant introduced and discontinued in early 1960s.
222:
387:
926:
922:
343:
H414 was introduced in 1967 for full-charge loads in the
350:
H450 was for large capacity and magnum rifle cartridges.
184:
indicates the following composition of ball propellant:
678:(1982) Wolfe Publishing Company pp.90,145,146&157
729:"A Brief History of Winchester Smokeless Propellants"
27:
Form of nitrocellulose used in small arms cartridges
1118:
1085:
1042:
960:
597:. Vol. Supplement (Third ed.). New York:
821:
444:785 (similar to H450) introduced in 1973 for the
414:571 magnum shotgun propellant introduced in 1973.
336:H380 was Olin WC852 for full-charge loads in the
139:to improve flow characteristics during blending.
83:during the first decade of the 20th century with
711:(1982) Wolfe Publishing Company pp.81 & 82
281:. Some propellant lots clogged the gas tube of
938:
583:Wolfe Publishing Company (1982) pages 136–139
8:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
265:Comparison with extruded (stick) propellants
546:Winchester-Western Ball Powder Loading Data
945:
931:
923:
314:BL-C (Lot 2) for full-charge loads in the
869:(1982) Wolfe Publishing Company pp.83-97
99:. Large quantities were manufactured for
703:
701:
699:
697:
695:
693:
691:
559:The Chemistry of Powder & Explosives
520:The Chemistry of Powder & Explosives
812:
810:
808:
806:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
464:
405:473AA replaced 500HS and AA20S in 1973.
402:452AA replaced 450SL and AA12S in 1973.
909:(1982) Wolfe Publishing Company p.143
889:(1982) Wolfe Publishing Company p.109
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
804:
802:
800:
798:
796:
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
494:
492:
490:
488:
67:and has been manufactured for sale to
830:National Rifle Association of America
628:
626:
610:
608:
486:
484:
482:
480:
478:
476:
474:
472:
470:
468:
7:
79:The United States military replaced
635:"The Great Propellant Controversy"
25:
535:Lord Baltimore Press (1921) p.39
147:ammunition during World War II.
87:formulated from nitrocellulose
1:
617:The New Hunter's Encyclopedia
595:Complete Guide to Handloading
755:"Material Safety Data Sheet"
731:. Winchester. Archived from
581:Propellant Profiles Volume 1
298:Expanded handloading options
548:Olin Corporation (1978) p.3
1165:
593:Sharpe, Philip B. (1953).
531:Fairfield, A. P., CDR USN
615:Camp, Raymond R. (1966).
116:Western Cartridge Company
285:until concentrations of
154:Improved Military Rifle
430:.256 Winchester Magnum
347:and .30-06 Springfield
259:N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
170:Crawfordville, Florida
149:Hodgdon Powder Company
106:Through the 1920s Dr.
71:civilians since 1960.
47:Hodgdon Powder Company
818:Davis, William C. Jr.
200:3 to 7 percent ethyl
561:(1943) pages 328–330
522:(1943) pages 296-297
257:less than 1 percent
251:less than 1 percent
162:East Alton, Illinois
1149:Firearm propellants
907:Propellant Profiles
887:Propellant Profiles
867:Propellant Profiles
735:on 21 February 2015
709:Propellant Profiles
676:Propellant Profiles
633:Watters, Daniel E.
599:Funk & Wagnalls
500:Propellant Profiles
1019:Total metal jacket
338:.30-06 Springfield
1136:
1135:
994:Full metal jacket
865:Labisky, Wallace
828:. Washington DC:
518:Davis, Tenney L.
353:H870 was surplus
326:H110 was surplus
287:calcium carbonate
247:potassium sulfate
241:potassium nitrate
208:dibutyl phthalate
194:10 to 60 percent
188:40 to 70 percent
182:safety data sheet
112:Picatinny Arsenal
85:smokeless powders
16:(Redirected from
1156:
1100:Smokeless powder
947:
940:
933:
924:
917:
903:
897:
883:
877:
863:
848:
847:
827:
814:
781:
780:
778:
776:
771:on 24 April 2014
770:
764:. Archived from
759:
751:
745:
744:
742:
740:
725:
719:
705:
686:
672:
655:
654:
652:
650:
641:. Archived from
630:
621:
620:
612:
603:
602:
590:
584:
577:
562:
557:Davis, Tenny L.
555:
549:
542:
536:
529:
523:
516:
510:
496:
166:St. Marks Powder
43:spherical powder
41:and marketed as
39:Olin Corporation
33:(trademarked as
21:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1114:
1110:Ball propellant
1081:
1038:
956:
951:
921:
920:
904:
900:
884:
880:
864:
851:
844:
816:
815:
784:
774:
772:
768:
757:
753:
752:
748:
738:
736:
727:
726:
722:
707:Simpson, Layne
706:
689:
673:
658:
648:
646:
645:on 22 July 2013
632:
631:
624:
614:
613:
606:
592:
591:
587:
578:
565:
556:
552:
544:Matunas, E. A.
543:
539:
530:
526:
517:
513:
498:Wootters, John
497:
466:
461:
446:.243 Winchester
345:.270 Winchester
316:.308 Winchester
300:
271:powder measures
267:
221:1 to 5 percent
212:1 to 5 percent
206:1 to 5 percent
178:
77:
49:) is a form of
31:Ball propellant
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1162:
1160:
1152:
1151:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1124:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1048:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1004:Plastic-tipped
1001:
996:
991:
986:
972:
966:
964:
958:
957:
952:
950:
949:
942:
935:
927:
919:
918:
898:
878:
849:
842:
782:
746:
720:
687:
656:
622:
604:
585:
563:
550:
537:
533:Naval Ordnance
524:
511:
463:
462:
460:
457:
456:
455:
452:
449:
442:
439:
436:
433:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
397:
394:
391:
385:
381:
380:
378:
374:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
358:
351:
348:
341:
334:
331:
324:
320:.223 Remington
311:
310:
308:
299:
296:
279:5.56×45mm NATO
266:
263:
262:
261:
255:
249:
243:
237:
231:
225:
219:
210:
204:
198:
192:
190:nitrocellulose
177:
174:
158:7.62×51mm NATO
76:
73:
51:nitrocellulose
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1161:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:Pyrocollodion
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1044:Shotgun shell
1041:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1024:Very-low-drag
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1009:Semiwadcutter
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
984:
980:
976:
973:
971:
968:
967:
965:
963:
959:
955:
948:
943:
941:
936:
934:
929:
928:
925:
916:
915:0-935632-10-7
912:
908:
902:
899:
896:
895:0-935632-10-7
892:
888:
882:
879:
876:
875:0-935632-10-7
872:
868:
862:
860:
858:
856:
854:
850:
845:
843:0-935998-34-9
839:
835:
831:
826:
825:
819:
813:
811:
809:
807:
805:
803:
801:
799:
797:
795:
793:
791:
789:
787:
783:
767:
763:
756:
750:
747:
734:
730:
724:
721:
718:
717:0-935632-10-7
714:
710:
704:
702:
700:
698:
696:
694:
692:
688:
685:
684:0-935632-10-7
681:
677:
674:Harvey, Clay
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
657:
644:
640:
636:
629:
627:
623:
618:
611:
609:
605:
600:
596:
589:
586:
582:
576:
574:
572:
570:
568:
564:
560:
554:
551:
547:
541:
538:
534:
528:
525:
521:
515:
512:
509:
508:0-935632-10-7
505:
501:
495:
493:
491:
489:
487:
485:
483:
481:
479:
477:
475:
473:
471:
469:
465:
458:
453:
450:
447:
443:
440:
437:
434:
431:
427:
423:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
389:
386:
383:
382:
379:
376:
375:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
356:
352:
349:
346:
342:
339:
335:
332:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
312:
309:
306:
305:
304:
297:
295:
293:
288:
284:
280:
275:
272:
264:
260:
256:
254:
250:
248:
244:
242:
238:
236:
235:ethyl acetate
232:
230:
229:diphenylamine
226:
224:
220:
218:
215:
211:
209:
205:
203:
199:
197:
196:nitroglycerin
193:
191:
187:
186:
185:
183:
175:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
150:
146:
140:
138:
134:
133:nitroglycerin
129:
125:
121:
120:ethyl acetate
117:
113:
109:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
74:
72:
70:
66:
61:
59:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
19:
1128:Boxer primer
1109:
979:Hollow point
906:
905:Matunas, Ed
901:
886:
881:
866:
823:
773:. Retrieved
766:the original
761:
749:
737:. Retrieved
733:the original
723:
708:
675:
647:. Retrieved
643:the original
639:The Gun Zone
638:
616:
601:. p. 7.
594:
588:
580:
579:Wolfe, Dave
558:
553:
545:
540:
532:
527:
519:
514:
499:
301:
276:
268:
179:
145:.303 British
141:
105:
81:black powder
78:
65:World War II
62:
42:
34:
30:
29:
999:Hollow-base
954:Handloading
885:Hagel, Bob
832:. pp.
824:Handloading
739:16 November
328:.30 carbine
323:propellant.
176:Composition
124:surfactants
101:World War I
69:handloading
35:Ball Powder
18:Ball powder
1087:Propellant
983:Soft point
762:Winchester
459:References
422:.22 Hornet
355:M61 Vulcan
283:M16 rifles
245:1 percent
239:1 percent
233:1 percent
227:1 percent
202:centralite
110:worked at
108:Fred Olsen
58:cartridges
55:small arms
1095:Gunpowder
1067:Rock salt
1062:Flechette
1034:Wadcutter
989:Frangible
975:Expanding
214:polyester
168:plant in
164:, to the
89:colloided
1143:Category
1057:Buckshot
1052:Birdshot
820:(1981).
426:.218 Bee
253:graphite
137:graphite
128:emulsion
53:used in
1014:Spitzer
775:29 June
649:29 June
307:Hodgdon
292:primers
217:adipate
180:Olin's
97:alcohol
75:History
1120:Primer
1106:, etc)
962:Bullet
913:
893:
873:
840:
715:
682:
506:
1072:Sabot
834:33–35
769:(PDF)
758:(PDF)
223:rosin
93:ether
91:with
1077:Slug
970:Cast
911:ISBN
891:ISBN
871:ISBN
838:ISBN
777:2013
741:2017
713:ISBN
680:ISBN
651:2013
504:ISBN
428:and
377:Olin
318:and
95:and
1029:Wax
388:231
45:by
37:by
1145::
981:,
852:^
836:.
785:^
760:.
690:^
659:^
637:.
625:^
607:^
566:^
467:^
424:,
172:.
1102:(
985:)
977:(
946:e
939:t
932:v
846:.
779:.
743:.
653:.
448:.
432:.
340:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.