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281:...a fixed tower surmounted by a movable cap which supported the sails. The windcap was turned into the wind by hand using a fixed pole. The structure, built of local materials, often stone rubble, stood on an artificial mound over a stone-built vaulted chamber or cellar. The latter often extended outwards from the base of the mill and provided a third floor, which acted as a receiving and dispatching room.
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The access was by a sunken track leading into the vault from the west, the cliff side, however the route of the connecting lane or track is not clear although routes via Church Street or up through the slope of the old raised beach sea cliffs would be usable by horse and cart. A small burn once ran
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A pair of north and south opposed doorways survive, set at ground level and there are two small windows above them on the first floor. The mill was built using local rubble from sources such as field clearance as indicated by plough marks, the nearby whinstone quarry and sea worn boulders from the
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it does not now appear to taper towards the top, a feature often used so that the tower did not become top heavy or distorted The original wooden windcap and sails are absent. The remains are described as a stump and the tower may be reduced in height. It has the remnants of a vaulted basement and
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The north and south facing doors are open and unaltered. The vault is in poor condition having been partly demolished and also blocked up to prevent the entry of cattle or sheep. The tower interior is substantially infilled with stones, some of which are from field clearance. Two small windows
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A number of old windmills that were no longer required were converted to other uses such as barns, stores, ice-houses, look-out towers and dovecotes although this did not happen in the case of
Ballantrae's windmill. Monkton is a typical example of a vaulted tower mill, as are those at
306:
remain. No remnants of the windmill machinery survive. The mill does not obviously stands on a stone platform. As stated the exterior stucco waterproofing and mortar has been lost and the mill is on the buildings at risk register. The tower is around 6 ft or 2m lower than that at
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had two storeys, the first floor being indicated by a slight recess encircling the tower above the north and south facing doorways. An unusual pair of relieving arches are present built into the tower wall above the west facing vault arch to strengthen and secure the structure.
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Only twelve vaulted tower windmills survive and these collectively form the oldest group of industrial buildings in
Scotland. Ballantrae has not seen any adaptations for alternative use and is therefore one of the best examples of the type.
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Windmills were often built in areas of low rainfall or where the land was flat and the water current sluggish however in this coastal location the advantage was the expectation of strong winds at all times of the year.
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The circa 24 ft or 7m high shell of this early 17th or 18th century vaulted tower windmill has rubble walls 3 ft or 0.9m thick at the base rising from a low stone foundation platform. Unlike the
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As the windcap in this form of windmill was moved by hand to face the wind using a pole it required constant attention and the sails could also be tightened or trimmed to suit the wind speed.
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Thought to have been built in 1696 Ballantrae's tower remnant was originally a vaulted tower mill, a mill type that is rare in the UK outside
Scotland The first map record of the
194:, on Mill Hill was a late 17th or early 18th century vaulted tower windmill, the ruins of which are located above the old raised beach cliffs on the outskirts of the village of
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beach. Most of the exterior waterproofing, probably stucco, has been lost and many of the stones are now loose. Ainslie's map of 1821 shows an enclosure surrounding the mill.
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It is recorded on Roy's map of 1747 and the 1775 Armstrong map clearly shows a windmill at
Ballantrae with four sails however by 1799 it is recorded as being ruinous.
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Scottish windmills, as with watermills, were basically meal-mills, mainly producing wheaten and oaten meals as well as ground barley and bruised corn.
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206:. Built around 1696 it was disused by 1799 and is a Category A Listed Building due to its important place in early industrial development.
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and a drawing from 1930 suggests that it was higher at that time in addition to it tapering towards the top.
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Scottish
Windmills - An Outline and Inventory by Ian L. Donnaghie, FSA SCOT. and Norma K. Stewart, p.287
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Scottish
Windmills - An Outline and Inventory by Ian L. Donnaghie, FSA SCOT. and Norma K. Stewart, p.284
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Scottish
Windmills - An Outline and Inventory by Ian L. Donnaghie, FSA SCOT. and Norma K. Stewart, p.281
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Scottish
Windmills - An Outline and Inventory by Ian L. Donnaghie, FSA SCOT. and Norma K. Stewart p.288
523:
Scottish
Windmills - An Outline and Inventory by Ian L. Donnaghie, FSA SCOT. and Norma K. Stewart p.283
509:
Scottish
Windmills - An Outline and Inventory by Ian L. Donnaghie, FSA SCOT. and Norma K. Stewart p.281
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Scottish Windmills - An Ootline and Inventory by Ian L. Donnaghie, FSA SCOT. and Norma K. Stewart p.279
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The Industrial Archaeology of Scotland. The Lowlands and Borders.
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Video and narrated history of Auchinbaird windmill and dovecote
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Armstrong, Andrew, 1700-1794. A New Map of Ayrshire
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1767:Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
596:Video and narrated history of Ballantrae Windmill
398:British Listed Buildings Old Windmill, Mill Hill
434:Ainslie's Map of the Southern Part of Scotland.
423:Historic Environment Scotland - Ballantrae Mill
1752:Category A listed buildings in South Ayrshire
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236:near by, now covered over and piped.
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1747:Grinding mills in the United Kingdom
575:Ayrshire : Discovering a County
16:Windmill in South Ayrshire, Scotland
218:The Monkton Vaulted Tower Windmill
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1742:Tower mills in the United Kingdom
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907:South Ayrshire Council elections
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1154:Hampshire and the Isle of Wight
131:Late 17th or early 18th Century
689:Villages, hamlets, and suburbs
577:. Ayr : Fort Publishing.
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562:London : B.T. Batsford.
56:Ballantrae Vaulted Tower Mill
919:Neighbouring council areas:
248:Detail of a relieving arch.
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361:Monkton Windmill, Ayrshire
64:Ballantrae, South Ayrshire
1737:History of South Ayrshire
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1772:Towers completed in 1696
38:The Ballantrae Windmill
1487:North Rhine-Westphalia
1482:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
558:Hume, John R. (1976).
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181:of pairs of millstones
1762:Windmills in Scotland
1712:Wind power portal
931:Dumfries and Galloway
301:The opposed doorways.
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973:Windmills by region
573:Love, Dane (2003).
192:Ballantrae Windmill
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104:55.1065°N 4.9953°W
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318:Micro-history
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61:Mill location
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1671:Rhode Island
1477:Lower Saxony
1226:Warwickshire
1174:Lincolnshire
1114:Bedfordshire
987:South Africa
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1512:Netherlands
1472:Brandenburg
1389:Deux-Sèvres
1231:West Sussex
1196:Oxfordshire
1139:East Sussex
1079:Isle of Man
902:Strathclyde
796:Kirkmichael
791:Kincaidston
444:Love, p.356
333:Gordonstoun
136:Information
120:Operator(s)
107: /
83:Coordinates
1726:Categories
1555:Overijssel
1530:Gelderland
1240:Yorkshire
1201:Shropshire
1164:Lancashire
836:Old Dailly
806:Lendalfoot
801:Kirkoswald
781:Heathfield
706:Ballantrae
388:Hume, p.48
367:References
196:Ballantrae
128:Year built
92:55°06′23″N
26:Ballantrae
1693:Australia
1596:Caribbean
1535:Groningen
1525:Friesland
1502:Thuringia
1394:Finistère
1236:Wiltshire
1184:windpumps
871:Turnberry
866:Tarbolton
861:Symington
846:Pinwherry
831:Mossblown
821:Minishant
766:Dundonald
751:Crosshill
731:Colmonell
666:Prestwick
329:Dunbarney
256:is 1747.
144:Meal mill
95:4°59′43″W
53:Mill name
1666:New York
1656:Illinois
1632:Northern
1613:Barbados
1434:Morbiham
1286:Portugal
1274:Southern
1206:Somerset
1129:Cornwall
1094:Anglesey
1084:Scotland
1057:Guernsey
1040:Northern
880:See Also
856:Straiton
851:Seafield
776:Failford
761:Doonfoot
721:Barrhill
711:Barassie
339:See also
204:Scotland
170:of sails
76:NX090832
1686:Oceania
1608:Antigua
1589:America
1570:Zeeland
1565:Utrecht
1540:Limburg
1520:Drenthe
1464:Germany
1399:Gironde
1336:Limburg
1331:Hainaut
1316:Antwerp
1308:Belgium
1300:Western
1216:Suffolk
1179:Norfolk
1106:England
1052:Estonia
1047:Denmark
1019:Eastern
887:Carrick
841:Pinmore
826:Monkton
816:Maidens
746:Craigie
741:Coylton
736:Coodham
726:Belmont
701:Annbank
696:Alloway
661:Maybole
553:Sources
325:Sauchie
308:Monkton
240:History
159:Storeys
141:Purpose
123:Disused
1644:Quebec
1639:Canada
1492:Saxony
1454:Vendée
1429:Manche
1356:France
1221:Surrey
1074:Jersey
1031:Poland
1012:Europe
1003:Israel
980:Africa
771:Dunure
756:Dailly
656:Girvan
581:
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48:Origin
1618:Nevis
1603:Aruba
1587:North
1449:Somme
1341:Namur
1291:Spain
1281:Malta
1254:South
1249:North
1144:Essex
1134:Devon
1089:Wales
811:Loans
786:Joppa
671:Troon
644:Towns
372:Notes
1439:Nord
1379:Cher
1364:Aude
1259:West
1244:East
1159:Kent
1067:Down
996:Asia
892:Kyle
716:Barr
579:ISBN
564:ISBN
331:and
190:The
173:Four
149:Type
651:Ayr
198:in
179:No.
168:No.
162:Two
1728::
515:^
415:^
379:^
335:.
327:,
283:"
202:,
965:e
958:t
951:v
629:e
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184:1
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