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Antônio Raposo
Tavares on his expedition to the present states of Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul. Dias however left on his own expedition in 1644. In an expedition in 1661, in an attempt to find more natives to enslave, Dias explored south of the Anumarana mountain range into the Kingdom of Guaianás. Dias would return in 1665 with 4000 slaves from three different tribes. It was during Dias's 1671 expedition that he would receive his nickname, as he would find emeralds in Sabarabuçu. In 1681, Dias died of disease while on an expedition in which he found
43:
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3329:. Brazil was originally a coastal strip between mountains and sea dominated by slave-worked sugar plantations. When the Portuguese crossed the mountains to the São Paulo plateau they were cut off from the sea and faced a great wilderness to the north and west where they might find their fortunes or die trying. The coastal Portuguese used African slaves while the Paulistas used Indian slaves or workers and many were part-Indian themselves.
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In the 21st century, there have been calls to stop celebrating the
Bandeirantes. Guards have been deployed in Brazil to protect the statues of Bandeirantes from vandalism. The statues have been criticized for celebrating the Bandeirantes for their practice of enslaving the native population. This new
3730:
Bandeirantes were an important part of the 1920s independence movement as they became a symbol of
Brazilian pride. A large part of this movement was to show the Bandeirantes as pure Brazilian and that they represented bravery and their sense of achievement. At this time many poems, paintings, movies,
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were able to sell large numbers of native slaves at a huge profit due to their relatively inexpensive price. Bandeirantes also teamed up with a local tribe, convincing them that they were on their side against another tribe, and when both sides were weakened the
Bandeirantes would capture both tribes
3704:
stayed where Irala had placed them, mostly treating with indifference the discoveries which the first
Conquistadores had made, the Brazilians continued for two centuries to explore the country. These determined adventurers would spend months and months in the wild hunting slaves and looking for gold
3485:
would attempt to lead 12,000 natives to safety into
Argentina in an attempt to save them from Bandeirantes. With the death of Diego Alfaro by the hands of Bandeirantes a conflict was sure to come between the two groups and it all came to head when Jerónimo Pedroso de Barros and Manuel Pires attacked
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in 1494 and began to encompass what is today the country of Brazil. Bandeirantes usually numbered anywhere from 50 to several thousand and were sponsored by the wealthy elites. Many of these expeditions into the interior of Brazil set up trading posts and built roads that connected the settlements
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some crossed the vast hinterland beyond the
Paraguay river all the way to the high mountains of the kingdom of Peru. The Paulistas had to fight against their enemies and against nature: in respect of the latter they had to battle against the weather and in respect of the former they had to battle
3643:
were also responsible for unsteady relations between the
Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire, as they essentially conducted an undeclared war on indigenous residents allied with Spain or the Jesuits. With only a few outlying Spanish settlements surviving and the majority of Jesuit missions
3527:
was born in São Paulo in 1608 to a well-off family and spent much of his early life as a farmer in
Pinheiros before becoming an income inspector in 1626. However, it was 1638 when the one who would go on to be called "The Emerald Hunter" would get his first taste of expedition when he would join
3379:
missions was to capture and enslave native populations. They carried this out by a number of tactics. The bandeirantes usually relied on surprise attacks, simply raiding villages or collections of natives, killing any who resisted, and kidnapping the survivors. Trickery could also be used; one
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against wrath and hate. The lack of supplies could have driven them to despair had it not been that they were used to eating the fruits of the hinterland: wild honey, wild nuts, sweet and bitter palmitos, and the roots of edible plants. (Pedro Taques de
Almeida Paes Leme)
3480:
The Bandeirantes and the Jesuits did not agree on the treatment of the native people. The Jesuits wanted to convert the native population to Christianity while the Bandeirantes wanted to sell the native population into slavery. Jesuit leader father
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common tactic was disguising themselves as Jesuits, often singing Mass to lure the natives out of their settlements. At the time, the Jesuits had a deserved reputation as the only colonial force that treated the natives somewhat fairly in the
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and came from the Portuguese settlement in São Paulo who were sent out to chart and explore the interior of the country. By exploring the interior of the country, Portugal was able to claim land that exceeded the line drawn by the
3699:
However, a new breed of men was growing, wild, yes, and ungovernable, but one in whom the infusion of native American blood would soon result in a relentless increase in action and achievement. So while the Spaniards in
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In spite of their ignorance of geography, a science unknown to the Paulistas of olden times, and with only the help of the sun, they penetrated the interior of the Americas, conquering tribes. Some went to the
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and would go on to destroy the Jesuit mission camps. The battle ended the war and with Portugal expelling the Jesuits from the country in 1759, it ended the relations between the Jesuits and the Bandeirantes.
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wave is trying to confront Brazil's controversial past and their practice of glorifying slave traders. Calls to take down statues were again intensified with Britain's removal of a statue of
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of the 1690s. The gold rush would be one of the largest in the world and would produce the largest gold mines in South America. With the discovery of gold by Bandeirantes in the mountains of
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426:
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a Jesuit camp. The Jesuits led by father Pedro Romero had a force of around 4,200 against the Bandeirantes force of about 3,500. Romero would repel the assault and win the day. With the
3747:
in São Paulo. The call for statue removal is not limited to Brazil—other countries in South America have also called for the removal of statues that depict slavery in a positive light.
2897:
2428:
3555:, driven by profit, ventured into the depths of Brazil not only to enslave natives, but also to find mines and receive government rewards. As the number of natives diminished, the
110:
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were responsible for the discovery of mineral wealth, and, along with the missionaries, for the territorial enlargement of central and southern Brazil. This mineral wealth made
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2154:
1891:
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which saw the Spanish and Portuguese fight against the native Guarani population. Despite early failures due to guerrilla tactics the Spanish and Portuguese would attack and
2518:
2159:
439:
3434:, to find precious metals and stones and to capture Indians for slavery. This expedition alone was responsible for the destruction of most of the Jesuit missions of Spanish
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1851:
417:
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would surround the settlements and set them alight, forcing inhabitants out into the open. At a time when imported African slaves were comparatively expensive, the
4435:
4369:
Franco, Francisco de Assis Carvalho, "Dicionário de Bandeirantes e Sertanistas do Brasil", Ed. São Paulo University, São Paulo, Ed Itatiaia, Belo Horizonte (1989)
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3544:
also helped to extend the power of Portugal by expanding its control over the Brazilian interior. Along with the exploration and settlement of this territory the
2206:
3993:
Ownership paradigms in American civil law jurisdictions: manifestations of the shifts in the legislation of Louisiana, Chile, and Argentina (16th–20th centuries)
2752:
3188:
2902:
1262:
2233:
1376:
1298:
1288:
397:
382:
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1731:
407:
257:
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Integral edition of the book 'Paulistana nobility – Genealogy of the main families from São Paulo, in Portuguese, by Pedro Taques de Almeida Paes Leme
4223:
Integral edition of the book 'Paulistana nobility - Genealogy of the main families from São Paulo, in Portuguese, by Pedro Taques de Almeida Paes Leme
2181:
1017:
456:
164:
explored unmapped regions of the Brazilian colony and captured and enslaved Indians. Expansion of the Brazilian territory far beyond Tordesillas Line.
4450:
3192:
2952:
2772:
1945:
1233:
933:
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Carvalho Franco, Francisco de Assis, Dicionário de e Sertanistas do Brasil, Editora Itatiaia Limitada – Editora da Universidade de São Paulo, 1989
3110:
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523:
983:
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335:
64:
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the richest mines and the largest territory in South America. This acquisition was of all the inhabited earth the most beautiful part. (
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and the enslavement of over 60,000 indigenous people. Between 1648 and 1652, Tavares also led one of the longest known expeditions from
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1972:
1881:
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387:
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1940:
1807:
1248:
1178:
1153:
948:
556:
86:
2717:
1413:
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Leme, Pedro Taques de Almeida Paes, "Nobiliarquia Paulistana Histórica e Genealógica", Ed. São Paulo University (1980, São Paulo).
4416:
Projeto Compartilhar, a database of documents related to the families of the settlers of São Paulo, then captaincy of São Vicente
3731:
and books were made about Bandeirantes. Many statues were raised at this time, including the São Paulo's Monumento às Bandeiras.
3551:
In the 1660s, the Portuguese government offered rewards to those who discovered gold and silver deposits in inner Brazil. So the
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themselves. They used words like entry (entrada), journey, voyage, company, discovery and rarely, fleet or war. One writer dates
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and silver, guided by what they had learnt from the native Americans. Eventually they managed to secure for themselves and the
3460:, and remained there for a short time in 1651. Of the 1,200 men who left São Paulo, only 60 reached their final destination in
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1573:
1369:
921:
774:
601:
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210:
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1158:
856:
831:
698:
533:
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308:
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491:
269:
31:
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2418:
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2166:
1726:
1694:
1163:
1098:
826:
821:
538:
217:
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Um Governo de Engonços: Metrópole e Sertanistas na Expansão dos Domínios Portugueses aos Sertões do Cuiabá (1721–1728)
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3053:
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1822:
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958:
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51:
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or flag, and by extension, a group of soldiers, a detached military unit or a raiding party. In medieval Portugal a
4455:
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1886:
1556:
1362:
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1055:
836:
608:
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174:
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Deus, Frei Gaspar da Madre de, "História da Capitania de São Vicente", Ed. São Paulo University (1975, São Paulo)
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1544:
886:
789:
739:
734:
563:
350:
68:
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deposits and establishing mines. As they ventured into unmapped regions in search of profit and adventure, the
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2260:
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1534:
1435:
1007:
686:
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tactic was to set native tribes against each other in order to weaken them, and then to enslave both sides.
3023:
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1333:
1123:
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2071:
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898:
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also discovered mineral wealth for the Portuguese, which they had been previously unable to profit from.
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2101:
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1871:
1646:
1568:
1143:
727:
653:
298:
279:
252:
1133:
4326:"Brazil: Should statues of sinister Portuguese conquistadors, known as 'bandeirantes,' be taken down?"
286:
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3620:
3346:
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2809:
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2054:
1834:
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1620:
1527:
1193:
1138:
863:
844:
769:
149:
115:
708:
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3168:
3133:
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1841:
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1615:
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568:
367:
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340:
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raided 21 Jesuit villages in the upper Paraná Valley, ultimately capturing about 2,500 natives. A
4019:
3446:, ultimately covering a distance of more than 10,000 kilometers. The expedition traveled to
3443:
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2650:
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2615:
2580:
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2543:
2508:
2501:
2442:
2435:
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1677:
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1625:
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1520:
1188:
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779:
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446:
345:
325:
1741:
1687:
1128:
4246:
291:
4258:
4198:
4163:
4095:
4007:
3997:
3883:
3706:
3632:
3616:
3570:. This caused many people from the north of Brazil to go down south in hopes of finding gold.
3338:
2892:
2610:
2605:
2548:
2533:
2513:
2335:
2330:
2265:
2228:
2061:
2027:
1856:
1709:
1598:
1477:
953:
903:
722:
663:
633:
303:
232:
182:
4190:
4153:
3916:
3381:
3175:. They played a major role in expanding the colony to the modern-day borders of independent
3082:
2660:
2655:
2645:
2620:
2585:
2553:
2523:
2396:
2384:
2362:
2340:
2287:
2123:
2091:
1393:
1083:
509:
377:
119:
4394:
Memoirs to the history of the captaincy of São Vicente, autor Frei Gaspar da Madre de Deus
3578:
3401:
3316:
3164:
2991:
2882:
2877:
2630:
2600:
2595:
2318:
2282:
2081:
1999:
1704:
1450:
1063:
648:
613:
318:
245:
138:
4408:
4378:
Hemming, John, "Red Gold: The Conquest of the Brazilian Indians, 1500–1760 (London, 1978)
4363:
Taunay, Afonso de E., "Relatos Sertanistas", Ed. São Paulo University (1981, São Paulo) *
3690:
3503:
3411:
By the 17th century, Jesuit missions had become a favorite target of the expeditions. A
3337:
With the treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 the South American continent was divided between
4366:
Taunay, Afonso de E., "História das Bandeiras Paulistas", Ed. Melhoramentos (São Paulo)
3740:
3736:
3710:
3524:
3495:
3454:
3442:
to the mouth of the Amazon river, investigating many of its tributaries, including the
3342:
3075:
2969:
1861:
1539:
1502:
1460:
1253:
784:
764:
754:
643:
583:
573:
543:
528:
486:
392:
4182:
4115:
4424:
4393:
4388:
4194:
3350:
3233:
3013:
2942:
2389:
2372:
2147:
1977:
1967:
1751:
1401:
1352:
963:
908:
638:
4233:
3226:
were descended from Portuguese colonists who settled in São Paulo, but most were of
3739:
on June 7, 2020. On July 24, 2021, protesters, in response to Brazilians president
3624:
3567:
3018:
2855:
2831:
2737:
2730:
2461:
1989:
1962:
1925:
1903:
1790:
1507:
1487:
1465:
1455:
1445:
1440:
1430:
1002:
717:
618:
355:
199:
3681:, as far as the Amazon river; others went all the way to the coast from the river
3439:
3215:
2270:
668:
4089:
4142:"Brazilian Gold and British Traders in the First Half of the Eighteenth Century"
3636:
2860:
2848:
2201:
2004:
1994:
1952:
1766:
658:
628:
481:
372:
222:
27:
Explorers, slavers, and fortune hunters in colonial Brazil (15th–18th centuries)
190:
4158:
4141:
3785:
3744:
3674:
3529:
3243:
Though they originally aimed to subjugate and enslave indigenous peoples, the
3008:
2305:
2009:
1876:
1022:
814:
807:
744:
4262:
4167:
4011:
3562:
These exploration by the Bandeirantes set in motion what would be called the
4039:
3911:
3894:
3326:
2253:
1918:
1780:
794:
578:
3905:
3490:
Spain and Portugal would agree to dismantle the Jesuit missions called the
3435:
3405:
1935:
17:
4410:
History of the Captaincy of São Vicente, Pedro Taques de Almeida Paes Leme
4251:
Projeto História: Revista do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados de História
4091:
The Jesuit Suppression in Global Context: Causes, Events, and Consequences
3991:
3701:
3628:
3596:
3461:
3427:
3276:
3237:
3228:
2843:
2401:
2345:
2297:
1957:
1802:
1657:
1563:
1012:
759:
588:
227:
3494:. The Jesuits would fight back against this order and would lead to the
3967:
Darcy Ribeiro (2003). O Povo Brasileiro. : Companhia de Bolso. pp. 435–
3644:
overrun, the de facto control by Portugal over most of what is now the
3426:
In 1636, Tavares led a bandeira, composed of 2,000 allied Indians, 900
3358:
3256:
3160:
2826:
1908:
1588:
1405:
4415:
3384:
of the region. If luring the natives with promises did not work, the
3232:
descent with both Portuguese and indigenous ancestry. This was due to
4189:, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 1497–1498,
3686:
3447:
3252:
3176:
2528:
2350:
1930:
1913:
1775:
1610:
1578:
3936:
3295:
was a military unit of 36 soldiers. The words were not used by the
3721:
3682:
3678:
3577:
3514:
3471:
3450:
3395:
1785:
1771:
1746:
4403:
3248:
1652:
1482:
4247:"Bandeirantes Na Contramão da História: Um Estudo Iconográfico"
36:
3668:, further reducing the ability of the Jesuits to fight back.
3689:; and going upstream along the Paraguay river as far as the
4389:
General History of the Paulista Bandeiras, by Afonso Taunay
3685:
until the river Plate and as far as the rivers Uruguay and
4375:
Crow, John A., "The Epic of Latin America", (London, 1992)
3236:
being the norm in colonial Brazilian society, as well as
4302:"The Burning of a Bandit: Brazil Enters the Statue Wars"
4278:"Latin America's Controversial Statues: Will They Fall?"
3611:, which would go on to encompass the current states of
3656:
territory of Brazil was recognized by the Treaties of
3599:
wealthy during the 18th century. As a result of the
2783:
Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery
3559:began to focus more intensely on finding minerals.
3167:who participated in exploratory voyages during the
157:
144:
134:
126:
3803:Another list of well-known bandeirantes includes
3247:later began to focus their expeditions on finding
3743:'s nationalist rhetoric, set fire to a statue of
2898:13th Amendment to the United States Constitution
4183:"Otis-Lennon School Ability Test–Sixth Edition"
3697:
3670:
3179:, beyond the boundaries demarcated by the 1494
3263:expanded the effective borders of the colony.
3191:, which ultimately played a major role in the
4088:Burson, Jeffrey D.; Wright, Jonathan (2015).
3415:that took place in 1628 and was organized by
3171:to expand the colony's borders and subjugate
3104:
1370:
8:
3540:In addition to capturing natives as slaves,
3218:served as the home base for the most famous
2903:Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom
101:
4040:"bandeira | Brazilian history | Britannica"
3138:
4245:Christo, Maraliz de Castro Vieira (2002).
4181:Lichtenberger, Elizabeth O. (2008-07-15),
4064:"Jesuits Waged War for the Guaraní People"
4024:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3111:
3097:
1388:
1377:
1363:
408:Transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil
169:
109:
100:
4157:
3908:, Spanish motherlode of silver in Bolivia
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
3193:genocide of Indigenous peoples in Brazil
2908:Abolition of slave trade in Persian gulf
2773:Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery
2753:Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90
50:This article includes a list of general
4441:Portuguese colonization of the Americas
3928:
3726:São Paulo's Monumento às Bandeiras 1954
3666:officially expelled the Jesuits in 1759
3189:enslaved thousands of indigenous people
1400:
181:
4017:
3813:Salvador Furtado Fernandes de Mendonça
4436:Portuguese explorers of South America
3901:European colonization of the Americas
3132:
2795:Anglo-Egyptian Slave Trade Convention
2472:Human trafficking in Papua New Guinea
7:
3906:Potosí#History and silver extraction
2987:Slave marriages in the United States
2591:Human trafficking in the Middle East
4146:Hispanic American Historical Review
2326:Human trafficking in Southeast Asia
594:Declaration of majority of Pedro II
4276:Sweigart, Emilie (June 18, 2020).
3488:Treaty of Madrid (13 January 1750)
2980:last survivors of American slavery
398:Spanish–Portuguese War (1776–1777)
383:Spanish–Portuguese War (1735–1737)
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
4187:Encyclopedia of Special Education
3664:in 1777. Additionally, Portugal
3635:, and both Northern and Southern
3519:1979 Film O Caçador de Esmeraldas
1941:Field slaves in the United States
1808:Slavery in the Rashidun Caliphate
949:March of the One Hundred Thousand
4404:Paulistana Genealogy, Silva Leme
4195:10.1002/9780470373699.speced1527
3825:Francisco Dias de Siqueira (the
3357:islands. Many Bandeirantes were
1818:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
1813:Slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate
1642:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
1412:
1346:
189:
41:
3287:The term comes from Portuguese
3275:, which was the main source of
3214:from 1709 to 1821. The city of
2768:Committee of Experts on Slavery
2319:East, Southeast, and South Asia
4353:Leme, Luís Gonzaga da Silva, "
4094:. Cambridge University Press.
3865:Jerônimo Pedroso de Barros and
2467:Slave raiding in Easter Island
1018:1993 Constitutional referendum
1008:Impeachment of Fernando Collor
457:Conquest of the Banda Oriental
427:Invasion of the Banda Oriental
1:
3868:Bartolomeu Bueno de Siqueira.
3816:Estêvão Ribeiro Baião Parente
1038:Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff
270:Letter of Pero Vaz de Caminha
258:Pedro Álvares Cabral's voyage
32:Bandeirantes (disambiguation)
4451:History of São Paulo (state)
3502:would defeat Guarani leader
3393:and sell them into slavery.
3202:were based in the region of
2758:Temporary Slavery Commission
2419:Slavery in the Mongol Empire
827:Constitutionalist Revolution
694:Proclamation of the Republic
539:Confederation of the Equator
440:United Kingdom with Portugal
118:and Antônio F. de Abreu, by
4140:Boxer, C. R. (1969-08-01).
3810:Domingos Rodrigues do Prado
3279:in the Brazilian interior.
2778:Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery
1823:Volga Bulgarian slave trade
497:Recognition of Independence
487:Declaration of Independence
4482:
3853:Salvador Faria de Albernaz
3764:Antônio Rodrigues de Arzão
3314:
3210:from 1534 to 1709 and the
2963:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
2800:Anti-Slavery International
2565:North Africa and West Asia
929:1964 Brazilian coup d'état
852:1937 Brazilian coup d'état
837:Communist uprising of 1935
609:Liberal rebellions of 1842
462:Constituent Cortes of 1820
29:
4159:10.1215/00182168-49.3.454
4122:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
3948:– via Academia.edu.
3897:, the "Lost City of Gold"
3879:São Paulo (state)#History
3859:João Leite da Silva Ortiz
3850:Matias Cardoso de Almeida
3776:Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva
3584:Monument to the Bandeiras
3400:Battle of the militia of
3333:Beginning of Bandeirantes
3273:Paulista General Language
3059:Emancipation Proclamation
2731:Opposition and resistance
2489:Sex trafficking in Europe
2477:Blackbirding in Polynesia
2040:Trans-Saharan slave trade
989:1988 Constituent Assembly
934:Vacancy in the Presidency
874:Ousting of Getúlio Vargas
815:Second Brazilian Republic
740:Coffee with milk politics
674:Post–abolition of slavery
524:1823 Constituent Assembly
452:Conquest of French Guiana
108:
4446:Portuguese slave traders
3990:Parise, Agustin (2017).
3856:José de Camargo Pimentel
3841:Lourenço Castanho Taques
3838:Francisco Pedroso Xavier
3807:Antônio Dias de Oliveira
3607:became the basis of the
3605:Captaincy of São Vicente
3476:Monument of Sepé Tiaraju
3208:Captaincy of São Vicente
3206:, which was part of the
3134:[bɐ̃dejˈɾɐ̃tʃis]
2839:Compensated emancipation
2050:Indian Ocean slave trade
899:Construction of Brasília
894:Lott's preventative coup
4116:"Fernão Dias Paes Leme"
4044:Encyclopædia Britannica
3980:, 1965, pp. 22, 23, 74.
3862:João de Siqueira Afonso
3847:Antonio Garcia da Cunha
3835:Antônio Pires de Campos
3822:Manuel de Campos Bicudo
3819:Brás Rodrigues de Arzão
3718:20th and 21st centuries
3483:Antonio Ruiz de Montoya
2763:1926 Slavery Convention
2519:Germany in World War II
2136:North and South America
1658:Contract of manumission
403:Minas Gerais Conspiracy
71:more precise citations.
3832:Pascoal Moreira Cabral
3796:("the Emerald hunter")
3771:António Raposo Tavares
3727:
3715:
3696:
3588:
3520:
3511:Fernão Dias Pais Lemme
3477:
3468:Relations with Jesuits
3417:Antônio Raposo Tavares
3408:
3375:The main focus of the
3212:Captaincy of São Paulo
2244:British Virgin Islands
1796:Circassian slave trade
1762:Safavid imperial harem
1757:Ottoman Imperial Harem
1033:Car Wash investigation
944:Araguaia Guerrilla War
624:Eusébio de Queirós Law
4466:Brazilian slave trade
4355:Genealogia Paulistana
3725:
3609:Viceroyalty of Brazil
3581:
3518:
3500:José Joaquín de Viana
3475:
3399:
3364:treaty of Tordesillas
3181:Treaty of Tordesillas
3173:indigenous Brazilians
2483:Europe and North Asia
2443:Australia and Oceania
2143:Pre-Columbian America
1715:Slave raid of Suðuroy
1647:Slavery in al-Andalus
1569:Black Sea slave trade
1498:21st-century jihadism
922:Military dictatorship
728:Federalist Revolution
704:Republic of the Sword
654:Revolt of the Muckers
549:Abdication of Pedro I
341:Quilombo dos Palmares
253:Treaty of Tordesillas
3786:Manuel de Borba Gato
3760:Domingos Jorge Velho
3587:in São Paulo, Brazil
2938:Indentured servitude
2866:Underground Railroad
2666:United Arab Emirates
2055:Zanzibar slave trade
2022:By country or region
1835:Atlantic slave trade
1737:Ma malakat aymanukum
1621:Venetian slave trade
1043:Coronavirus pandemic
864:Integralist Uprising
669:Abolition of Slavery
413:Opening of the ports
116:Domingos Jorge Velho
30:For other uses, see
3889:Brazilian Gold Rush
3844:Tomé Portes del-Rei
3564:Brazilian Gold Rush
3492:Misiones Orientales
3458:Viceroyalty of Peru
3267:spoke a mixture of
3169:early modern period
3024:Slave Route Project
2155:Americas indigenous
2045:Red Sea slave trade
2035:Contemporary Africa
1898:Topics and practice
1668:Crimean slave trade
1663:Bukhara slave trade
1616:Genoese slave trade
1493:Contemporary Africa
1473:Forced prostitution
1159:Rio Grande do Norte
569:1834 Additional Act
492:War of Independence
368:War of the Emboabas
105:
4282:Americas Quarterly
3976:Richard M. Morse,
3728:
3589:
3521:
3478:
3409:
3321:Before there were
2805:Blockade of Africa
2112:Somali slave trade
2028:Sub-Saharan Africa
1720:Turkish Abductions
1678:Khivan slave trade
1673:Khazar slave trade
1626:Balkan slave trade
1584:Prague slave trade
1119:Mato Grosso do Sul
1056:By federative unit
939:Institutional Acts
822:Revolution of 1930
795:Lieutenant revolts
780:Revolt of the Lash
760:Annexation of Acre
750:Amazon rubber boom
346:France Equinoxiale
326:France Antarctique
265:European discovery
218:Indigenous Peoples
4456:Slavery in Brazil
4253:(in Portuguese).
4234:History of Brazil
4101:978-1-107-03058-9
4003:978-90-04-33820-3
3884:Slavery in Brazil
3767:Antônio Alvarenga
3707:House of Braganza
3382:Jesuit reductions
3339:Portuguese Empire
3165:Portuguese Brazil
3121:
3120:
3071:Freedmen's Bureau
2893:Third Servile War
2888:International law
2455:Human trafficking
2217:Human trafficking
1892:Thirteen colonies
1710:Sack of Baltimore
1478:Human trafficking
1387:
1386:
1353:Brazil portal
1274:Jewish Brazilians
1164:Rio Grande do Sul
996:1988 Constitution
959:Redemocratization
954:Brazilian Miracle
904:Legality Campaign
887:Populist Republic
857:1937 Constitution
832:1934 Constitution
770:Taubaté Agreement
699:1891 Constitution
664:Military Question
602:Reign of Pedro II
534:1824 Constitution
447:Pernambuco Revolt
233:Marajoara culture
183:History of Brazil
168:
167:
130:16th–18th century
97:
96:
89:
16:(Redirected from
4473:
4461:1740s neologisms
4341:
4340:
4338:
4337:
4322:
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4054:
4053:
4051:
4050:
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4030:
4029:
4023:
4015:
3987:
3981:
3978:The Bandierantes
3974:
3968:
3965:
3959:
3956:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3933:
3917:Sertanista House
3891:, 1695–mid-1700s
3794:Fernão Dias Pais
3523:The bandeirante
3152:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3131:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3083:Emancipation Day
2916:
2883:Slave Trade Acts
1574:Byzantine Empire
1416:
1389:
1379:
1372:
1365:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1094:Federal District
712:
517:Reign of Pedro I
510:Empire of Brazil
421:
388:Treaty of Madrid
378:Vila Rica Revolt
295:
287:Brazilwood cycle
193:
170:
120:Benedito Calixto
113:
106:
92:
85:
81:
78:
72:
67:this article by
58:inline citations
45:
44:
37:
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3799:Gabriel de Lara
3756:
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3470:
3430:, and 69 white
3402:Mogi das Cruzes
3373:
3335:
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3317:Colonial Brazil
3313:
3285:
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3088:
3087:
2992:Slave narrative
2948:Fugitive slaves
2928:
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2878:Slave rebellion
2733:
2723:
2722:
2681:
2671:
2670:
2493:United Kingdom
2429:Yankee princess
2023:
2015:
2014:
1742:Avret Pazarları
1688:Avret Pazarları
1557:Medieval Europe
1523:
1513:
1512:
1451:Forced marriage
1426:
1383:
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1345:
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1339:
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1334:Years in Brazil
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1234:Catholic Church
1214:Afro-Brazilians
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649:Religious Issue
634:Christie Affair
614:Praieira revolt
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512:
502:
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442:
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351:Dutch invasions
336:Jesuit missions
319:State of Brazil
315:
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276:
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246:Colonial Brazil
238:
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139:Colonial Brazil
122:
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63:Please help to
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4384:
4383:External links
4381:
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4204:978-0470373699
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4152:(3): 454–472.
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3941:. January 2015
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3755:
3749:
3741:Jair Bolsonaro
3737:Edward Colston
3719:
3716:
3711:Robert Southey
3613:Santa Catarina
3575:
3572:
3537:
3534:
3512:
3509:
3469:
3466:
3453:, part of the
3372:
3369:
3343:Spanish Empire
3334:
3331:
3315:Main article:
3312:
3309:
3303:from 1635 and
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2989:
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2983:
2982:
2977:
2970:List of slaves
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283:
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275:
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261:
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249:
244:
243:
240:
239:
236:
235:
230:
225:
220:
214:
209:
208:
205:
204:
196:Terra Brasilis
194:
186:
185:
179:
178:
166:
165:
159:
155:
154:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
128:
124:
123:
114:
95:
94:
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4478:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
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4407:
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4402:
4400:
4397:
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4392:
4390:
4387:
4386:
4382:
4377:
4374:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4357:" (1903–1905)
4356:
4352:
4351:
4347:
4331:
4327:
4321:
4318:
4307:
4306:artreview.com
4303:
4297:
4294:
4283:
4279:
4272:
4269:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4219:
4216:
4206:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4177:
4174:
4169:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4136:
4133:
4121:
4117:
4111:
4108:
4103:
4097:
4093:
4092:
4084:
4081:
4069:
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4045:
4041:
4035:
4032:
4027:
4021:
4013:
4009:
4005:
3999:
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3994:
3986:
3983:
3979:
3973:
3970:
3964:
3961:
3955:
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3940:
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3932:
3929:
3922:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
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3712:
3708:
3703:
3695:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3662:San Ildefonso
3659:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3586:
3585:
3580:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3560:
3558:
3554:
3549:
3547:
3543:
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3533:
3531:
3526:
3517:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3484:
3474:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3456:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3407:
3403:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3377:bandeirantes'
3370:
3368:
3365:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3234:miscegenation
3231:
3230:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3148:flag-carriers
3135:
3127:
3126:
3114:
3109:
3107:
3102:
3100:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3014:Slave catcher
3012:
3010:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2943:Forced labour
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2914:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
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2881:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
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2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2788:Abolitionists
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
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2744:
2741:
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2735:
2732:
2727:
2726:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2675:
2674:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2391:
2390:comfort women
2388:
2387:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2373:Chukri System
2371:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2261:Latin America
2259:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2212:interregional
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2197:prison labour
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2167:United States
2165:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1978:White slavery
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1968:Slave raiding
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1936:Corvée labour
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1833:
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1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
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1801:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1752:Abbasid harem
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1695:Barbary Coast
1693:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
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1624:
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1619:
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1614:
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1609:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1587:
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1577:
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1567:
1565:
1562:
1561:
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1555:
1554:
1551:
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1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1402:Forced labour
1399:
1395:
1391:
1390:
1380:
1375:
1373:
1368:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1344:
1343:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1263:Football Team
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1204:
1203:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1051:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
997:
994:
993:
990:
987:
985:
982:
981:
978:
973:
972:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
926:
923:
918:
917:
910:
909:Plano Trienal
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
891:
888:
883:
882:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
858:
855:
854:
853:
850:
849:
846:
843:
842:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
819:
816:
813:
812:
809:
804:
803:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
732:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
715:
710:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
691:
688:
683:
682:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
639:Uruguayan War
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
603:
600:
599:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
561:
558:
555:
554:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
521:
518:
515:
514:
511:
506:
505:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
479:
476:
471:
470:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
444:
441:
436:
435:
428:
425:
419:
414:
411:
410:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
357:
354:
353:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
323:
320:
317:
316:
310:
307:
306:
305:
302:
300:
297:
293:
288:
285:
284:
281:
278:
277:
271:
268:
267:
266:
263:
262:
259:
256:
254:
251:
250:
247:
242:
241:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
215:
212:
211:Pre-Cabraline
207:
206:
201:
197:
192:
188:
187:
184:
180:
176:
172:
171:
163:
160:
156:
153:
151:
147:
143:
140:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
112:
107:
104:
99:
91:
88:
80:
70:
66:
60:
59:
53:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
4409:
4348:Bibliography
4334:. Retrieved
4332:. 2022-04-30
4329:
4320:
4309:. Retrieved
4305:
4296:
4285:. Retrieved
4281:
4271:
4254:
4250:
4240:
4229:
4218:
4208:, retrieved
4186:
4176:
4149:
4145:
4135:
4124:. Retrieved
4119:
4110:
4090:
4083:
4072:. Retrieved
4070:. 2019-06-26
4067:
4058:
4047:. Retrieved
4043:
4034:
3992:
3985:
3977:
3972:
3963:
3954:
3943:. Retrieved
3937:
3931:
3826:
3802:
3779:
3753:bandeirantes
3752:
3733:
3729:
3698:
3671:
3660:in 1750 and
3654:Central West
3641:bandeirantes
3640:
3625:Minas Gerais
3600:
3593:bandeirantes
3592:
3590:
3582:
3568:Minas Gerais
3561:
3557:bandeirantes
3556:
3553:bandeirantes
3552:
3550:
3545:
3541:
3539:
3536:Gold hunting
3522:
3504:Sepé Tiaraju
3479:
3431:
3425:
3420:
3412:
3410:
3390:bandeirantes
3389:
3386:bandeirantes
3385:
3376:
3374:
3353:west of the
3336:
3323:bandeirantes
3322:
3320:
3304:
3300:
3297:bandeirantes
3296:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3265:Bandeirantes
3264:
3261:bandeirantes
3260:
3245:bandeirantes
3244:
3242:
3227:
3224:bandeirantes
3223:
3220:bandeirantes
3219:
3200:bandeirantes
3199:
3197:
3185:Bandeirantes
3184:
3155:
3154:
3153:; singular:
3125:Bandeirantes
3124:
3123:
3122:
3019:Slave patrol
2856:Freedom suit
2832:Sierra Leone
2822:Colonization
2738:Abolitionism
2718:Baháʼí Faith
2691:Christianity
2641:Saudi Arabia
2497:Penal Labour
2462:Blackbirding
2368:Debt bondage
2356:penal system
2182:Contemporary
2172:Field slaves
2160:U.S. Natives
2119:South Africa
1990:Galley slave
1963:Slave market
1953:House slaves
1926:Blackbirding
1904:Conscription
1828:21st century
1791:Umm al-walad
1635:Muslim world
1604:Emancipation
1508:Wage slavery
1488:Penal labour
1466:Wife selling
1456:Bride buying
1441:Conscription
1431:Child Labour
1424:Contemporary
1239:Constitution
1124:Minas Gerais
1003:Plano Collor
977:New Republic
869:World War II
735:Belle Époque
723:Navy Revolts
718:Encilhamento
687:Old Republic
619:Coffee cycle
564:April Revolt
475:Independence
356:Dutch Brazil
331:Bandeirantes
330:
200:Miller Atlas
195:
162:Bandeirantes
161:
152:bandeirantes
148:
145:Participants
103:Bandeirantes
102:
98:
83:
77:October 2012
74:
55:
4330:Le Monde.fr
4120:Só História
3637:Mato Grosso
3525:Fernão Dias
3496:Guaraní War
3325:there were
3307:from 1740.
3305:bandeirante
3156:bandeirante
3130:Portuguese:
3034:court cases
2911: [
2861:Slave Power
2849:Manumission
2696:Catholicism
2571:Afghanistan
2312:Puerto Rico
2224:The Bahamas
2202:Slave codes
2005:Shanghaiing
1995:Impressment
1887:Slave Coast
1767:Qajar harem
1727:Concubinage
1700:slave trade
1304:Transgender
1284:Nationality
1114:Mato Grosso
984:Lost Decade
845:Estado Novo
790:World War I
707: [
659:Grande Seca
629:Platine War
574:Malê Revolt
482:Dia do Fico
416: [
393:Guaraní War
373:Mascate War
309:Slave trade
299:Sugar cycle
290: [
280:Captaincies
69:introducing
18:Bandeirante
4425:Categories
4336:2022-09-23
4311:2022-09-23
4287:2022-09-23
4210:2022-09-23
4126:2022-09-23
4074:2022-09-23
4068:HistoryNet
4049:2022-09-23
3996:. Leiden.
3945:2016-03-12
3912:Degredados
3780:Anhanguera
3745:Borba Gato
3675:hinterland
3631:, part of
3530:Tourmaline
3367:together.
3355:Cape Verde
3269:Portuguese
3049:J.Q. Adams
3039:Washington
3009:Slave name
2958:convention
2933:Common law
2306:Encomienda
2102:Seychelles
2087:Mauritania
2010:Slave ship
1877:Panyarring
1872:New France
1521:Historical
1144:Pernambuco
1023:Plano Real
964:Diretas Já
808:Vargas Era
745:Coronelism
363:Gold cycle
52:references
4263:2176-2767
4168:0018-2168
4020:cite book
4012:965543945
3895:El Dorado
3790:Brás Leme
3646:Southeast
3633:Tocantins
3621:São Paulo
3601:bandeiras
3546:bandeiras
3542:bandeiras
3444:Rio Negro
3440:São Paulo
3432:Paulistas
3428:mamelucos
3406:Botocudos
3327:Paulistas
3311:Paulistas
3216:São Paulo
3204:São Paulo
3044:Jefferson
2701:Mormonism
2636:Palestine
2450:Australia
2380:Indonesia
2271:Lei Áurea
2254:Code Noir
2234:Caribbean
2207:Treatment
1946:Treatment
1919:Devshirme
1781:Odalisque
1599:In Russia
1540:Babylonia
1528:Antiquity
1329:Conflicts
1299:Socialism
1254:Etymology
1224:Animation
1219:Anarchism
1194:Tocantins
1184:São Paulo
579:Cabanagem
3873:See also
3751:Notable
3702:Paraguay
3650:Southern
3597:Portugal
3421:bandeira
3413:bandeira
3404:and the
3359:Mulattos
3347:meridian
3345:along a
3341:and the
3301:bandeira
3293:bandeira
3289:bandeira
3277:toponyms
3271:and the
3238:polygamy
3229:mameluco
3161:settlers
3076:Iron bit
3066:40 acres
3029:breeding
2844:Freedman
2679:Religion
2539:Portugal
2424:Thailand
2414:Maldives
2409:Malaysia
2402:Kwalliso
2346:Booi Aha
2298:Restavek
2278:Colombia
2249:Trinidad
2239:Barbados
2129:Zanzibar
2077:Ethiopia
1958:Saqaliba
1852:Database
1803:Saqaliba
1564:Ancillae
1394:a series
1392:Part of
1324:Timeline
1317:Research
1279:Military
1259:Football
1169:Rondônia
1109:Maranhão
1079:Amazonas
1028:Mensalão
1013:Mercosul
589:Balaiada
228:Kuhikugu
175:a series
173:Part of
150:Paulista
135:Location
3713:, 1819)
3639:. The
3455:Spanish
3371:Slavery
3351:leagues
3257:diamond
3222:. Some
3159:) were
3142:
3054:Lincoln
2927:Related
2827:Liberia
2713:Judaism
2651:Tunisia
2626:Morocco
2616:Lebanon
2581:Bahrain
2576:Algeria
2544:Romania
2509:Denmark
2502:Slavery
2436:Vietnam
2107:Somalia
2097:Nigeria
2072:Comoros
2000:Pirates
1909:Ghilman
1842:Bristol
1732:history
1705:pirates
1594:History
1483:Peonage
1406:slavery
1249:Ethanol
1244:Economy
1189:Sergipe
1174:Roraima
1134:Paraíba
1069:Alagoas
304:Slavery
158:Outcome
65:improve
4261:
4201:
4166:
4098:
4010:
4000:
3691:Paraná
3687:Tibagi
3658:Madrid
3652:, and
3617:Paraná
3603:, the
3574:Legacy
3448:Andean
3436:Guayrá
3253:silver
3177:Brazil
2975:owners
2611:Kuwait
2606:Jordan
2559:Sweden
2549:Russia
2534:Poland
2529:Norway
2351:Laogai
2336:Brunei
2331:Bhutan
2293:revolt
2266:Brazil
2229:Canada
2192:partus
2177:female
2062:Angola
1931:Coolie
1914:Mamluk
1867:Nantes
1847:Brazil
1776:Cariye
1611:Thrall
1579:Kholop
1545:Greece
1289:Postal
1207:Topics
1139:Paraná
202:, 1519
177:on the
54:, but
3923:Notes
3827:Apuçá
3778:(the
3683:Patos
3679:Goias
3629:Goiás
3462:Belém
3451:Quito
3198:Most
3187:also
3002:songs
2997:films
2915:]
2871:songs
2708:Islam
2686:Bible
2661:Yemen
2656:Qatar
2646:Syria
2621:Libya
2586:Egypt
2554:Spain
2524:Malta
2397:Korea
2385:Japan
2363:India
2341:China
2288:Haiti
2148:Aztec
2124:Sudan
2092:Niger
1984:Naval
1857:Dutch
1786:Qiyan
1772:Jarya
1747:Harem
1589:Serfs
1535:Egypt
1149:Piauí
1104:Goiás
1089:Ceará
1084:Bahia
1074:Amapá
711:]
420:]
294:]
223:Luzia
4259:ISSN
4199:ISBN
4164:ISSN
4096:ISBN
4026:link
4008:OCLC
3998:ISBN
3591:The
3349:370
3283:Name
3255:and
3249:gold
3139:lit.
2953:laws
2815:U.S.
2810:U.K.
2748:U.S.
2743:U.K.
2631:Oman
2601:Iraq
2596:Iran
2283:Cuba
2187:maps
2082:Mali
2067:Chad
1653:Baqt
1550:Rome
1446:Debt
1404:and
1269:LGBT
1229:Book
1129:Pará
1064:Acre
127:Date
4191:doi
4154:doi
3677:of
3163:in
4427::
4328:.
4304:.
4280:.
4257:.
4255:24
4249:.
4197:,
4185:,
4162:.
4150:49
4148:.
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4118:.
4066:.
4042:.
4022:}}
4018:{{
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3648:,
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3137:;
2913:fa
1396:on
709:pt
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198:,
4339:.
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4265:.
4193::
4170:.
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4077:.
4052:.
4028:)
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