116:
74:
55:
290:), it was promoted to full species status in 2013 when a study of museum specimens and photographs identified distinct facial markings, which helped to differentiate it as a separate species. It is distinguished by the crimson red fur on its back, light-colored facial features, as well as the shape and width of the stripes of its facial markings.
490:
has distinct crimson red fur on its back, the facial markings (facemask) are light in color, and the upper edges of the dark rings around the eyes (circumocular patch) are diffuse, and not rounded or pointed like some of the other slow lorises from Borneo. The circumocular patch does not extend
590:
to activate. Their toxic bite is a deterrent to predators, and the toxin is also applied to the fur during grooming as a form of protection for their infants. When threatened, slow lorises may also lick their brachial glands and bite their aggressors, delivering the toxin into the wounds. Slow
606:
was listed as "Vulnerable" as of 2012. Because that species has been divided into four distinct species, each of the new species faces a higher risk of extinction. Accordingly, each of them are expected to be listed as "Vulnerable" at the least, with some of them likely to be assigned to a
495:, and the stripe between its eyes is wide. The colored patched on the top of the head is diffused, the band of hair in front of the ears is narrow, and the ears are covered in hair. The body length averages 258.05 mm (10.159 in).
1379:
Nekaris, K.A.I.; Bearder, S.K. (2007). "Chapter 3: The
Lorisiform Primates of Asia and Mainland Africa: Diversity Shrouded in Darkness". In Campbell, C.; Fuentes, C.A.; MacKinnon, K.; Panger, M.; Stumpf, R. (eds.).
483:
primates. On the ventral side of its elbow, it has a small swelling called the brachial gland, which secretes a pungent, clear oily toxin that the animal uses defensively by wiping it on its toothcomb.
443:
emerged as a new species, which had previously been overlooked. All newly recognized or elevated species showed significant differences in their "face mask"—the coloration patterns on their face.
992:
1138:
Chen, J. -H.; Pan, D.; Groves, C. P.; Wang, Y. -X.; Narushima, E.; Fitch-Snyder, H.; Crow, P.; Thanh, V. N.; Ryder, O.; Zhang, H. -W.; Fu, Y.; Zhang, Y. (2006). "Molecular phylogeny of
594:
The face mask may help the species identify potential mates by distinguishing species, and may serve as an anti-predator strategy by making its eyes appear larger than they really are.
1279:
Hagey, L.R.; Fry, B.G.; Fitch-Snyder, H. (2007). "Talking defensively, a dual use for the brachial gland exudate of slow and pygmy lorises". In Gursky, S.L.; Nekaris, K.A.I. (eds.).
2015:
1027:
2045:
570:, eating primarily insects, tree gum, nectar, and fruit. Likewise, this species has a toxic bite, a unique feature found only in slow lorises among primates. The
302:
2040:
475:
that it uses for scratching and grooming, while the other nails are straight. It also possesses a specialized arrangement of lower front teeth, called a
988:
301:
species primarily eats insects, tree gum, nectar, and fruit and has a toxic bite, a unique feature among primates. Although not yet evaluated by the
1909:
1922:
1490:
666:
467:, which distinguishes them from other slow lorises. On its front feet, the second digit is smaller than the rest; the big toe on its hind foot
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Between 1987 and 2012, one-third of Borneo's forests have been lost, making habitat loss one of the greatest threats to the survival of
37:
2035:
1401:
Nekaris, K.A.I.; Munds, R. (2010). "Chapter 22: Using facial markings to unmask diversity: the slow lorises (Primates: Lorisidae:
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30:
This page is about a species that has been called
Bornean slow loris. For the present-day Bornean slow loris, see
2025:
730:. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). 2010. Archived from
1887:
415:
1849:
1476:
459:(the moist, naked surface around the nostrils of the nose) and a broad, flat face with large eyes. Like
2020:
1987:
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366:
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619:
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32:
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lorises can be reluctant to release their bite, which is likely to maximize the transfer of toxins.
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63:
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1159:
347:
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110:
1992:
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the other toes, which enhances its gripping power. Its second toe on the hind foot has a curved
410:
was considered a synonym of the
Bornean slow loris, which was elevated to the species level (as
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Alterman, L. (1995). "Toxins and toothcombs: potential allospecific chemical defenses in
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2009:
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1283:. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects. Springer. pp. 253–273.
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trade. However, all slow loris species are protected from commercial trade under
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1953:
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with the other
Bornean species, but the population on Borneo may exhibit some
383:
382:, which he also first described in the same publication. By 1953, all of the
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197:
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1436:. Edinburgh Univ Pubs Science & Maths, No 3. Edinburgh University Press.
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1966:
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346:. Museum specimens of this animal had previously been identified as the
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1914:
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265:
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167:
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402:) as a species, and by further recognizing four subspecies, including
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157:
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989:"Three new species of venomous primate identified by MU researcher"
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resulted in elevating two of its former subspecies to the species
333:
100:
94:
1249:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
841:
839:
837:
835:
425:
A 2013 review of museum specimens and photographs attributed to
1847:
1472:
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spp.) of
Indonesia". In Gursky-Doyen, S.; Supriatna, J (eds.).
1386:. New York, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 28–33.
1184:
871:
869:
856:
854:
602:
While this new species has yet to be assessed by the IUCN,
618:
is also a major factor, with loris parts commonly sold in
463:, this and all other Bornean species lack a second upper
394:). In 1971, that view was updated by distinguishing the
1434:
Primates
Comparative Anatomy and Taxonomy I—Strepsirhini
332:
is a strepsirrhine primate, and species of slow loris (
1333:"Taxonomy of the Bornean slow loris, with new species
1331:
Munds, R. A.; Nekaris, K. A. I.; Ford, S. M. (2013) .
1096:. New York, New York: Plenum Press. pp. 413–424.
1092:". In Alterman, L.; Doyle, G.A.; Izard, M.K (eds.).
911:
1856:
1794:
1699:
1658:
1641:
1595:
1554:
1545:
1216:. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
1051:"Primate species: new slow loris found in Borneo"
826:
479:, which is also used for grooming, as with other
406:, the Bornean slow loris. From then until 2005,
1312:Proceedings of the United States National Museum
971:
935:
923:
887:
845:
754:
386:were lumped together into a single species, the
376:, noting that it was a "well-marked offshoot of
1094:Creatures of the Dark: The Nocturnal Prosimians
309:" or placed in a higher-risk category when its
947:
303:International Union for Conservation of Nature
1484:
522:. On Borneo, its range extends south of the
8:
1190:. Zürich, Switzerland: 44–53. Archived from
1067:
899:
860:
455:tail, round head, and short ears. It has a
313:is assessed. It is primarily threatened by
2016:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
1844:
1655:
1551:
1491:
1477:
1469:
778:
418:showed it to be genetically distinct from
72:
53:
44:
982:
980:
766:
280:. Originally considered a subspecies or
2046:Fauna of the Borneo lowland rain forests
1409:. New York: Springer. pp. 383–396.
959:
875:
687:Nekaris, K.A.I. & Marsh, C. (2020).
506:is found in southwestern Borneo, in the
36:. For other slow lorises of Borneo, see
667:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
650:
1057:from the original on 25 December 2012.
814:
802:
790:
526:and east towards—but not reaching—the
305:(IUCN), it is likely to be listed as "
1030:from the original on 17 December 2012
995:from the original on 17 December 2012
7:
1144:International Journal of Primatology
1142:inferred from mitochondrial genes".
991:. Missouri University News Bureau.
698:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
38:Bornean slow loris (disambiguation)
2041:Taxa named by Marcus Ward Lyon Jr.
912:Hagey, Fry & Fitch-Snyder 2007
451:Like other slow lorises, it has a
354:), first described by the English
25:
293:As with other slow lorises, this
1281:Primate Anti-Predator Strategies
1123:(3rd ed.). Academic Press.
114:
1451:A Guide to the Mammals of China
1344:American Journal of Primatology
1324:10.5479/si.00963801.31-1494.527
1049:Walker, M. (13 December 2012).
1014:Bryner, J. (14 December 2012).
272:that is native to southwestern
1453:. Princeton University Press.
1449:Smith, A. T.; Xie, Y. (2008).
1254:Johns Hopkins University Press
972:Munds, Nekaris & Ford 2013
936:Munds, Nekaris & Ford 2013
924:Munds, Nekaris & Ford 2013
888:Munds, Nekaris & Ford 2013
846:Munds, Nekaris & Ford 2013
755:Munds, Nekaris & Ford 2013
1:
987:Wall, T. (13 December 2012).
1415:10.1007/978-1-4419-1560-3_22
1246:; Reeder, D. M (eds.).
530:. The Bangka population is
518:, as well as the island of
284:of the Bornean slow loris (
2062:
1308:"Notes on the slow lemurs"
1173:"Systematics of the genus
948:Nekaris & Bearder 2007
725:"Appendices I, II and III"
404:N. coucang menagensis
29:
2036:Mammals described in 1906
1830:
1507:
1499:Extant species of family
1432:Osman Hill, W.C. (1953).
1289:10.1007/978-0-387-34810-0
1156:10.1007/s10764-006-9032-5
1119:Ankel-Simons, F. (2007).
582:by their elbow), and the
574:is produced by licking a
554:Like other slow lorises,
226:
219:
111:Scientific classification
109:
92:
70:
61:
52:
47:
1773:Kayan River slow loris (
1306:Lyon, Jr., M.W. (1906).
1068:Nekaris & Munds 2010
705:: e.T163015864A163015867
1746:Philippine slow loris (
1607:Central African potto (
1383:Primates in Perspective
1020:, discovered in Borneo"
1337:(Primates, Lorisidae)"
1171:Groves, C. P. (1971).
607:higher-risk category.
325:Taxonomy and phylogeny
1988:Paleobiology Database
1782:Sumatran slow loris (
1238:Nycticebus menagensis
1016:"Slow loris species,
367:Marcus Ward Lyon, Jr.
352:Nycticebus menagensis
79:Critically Endangered
1764:Bornean slow loris (
1687:Gray slender loris (
1625:West African potto (
1616:East African potto (
1574:Calabar angwantibo (
1256:. pp. 111–184.
876:Smith & Xie 2008
620:traditional medicine
447:Physical description
33:Nycticebus borneanus
1888:Nycticebus bancanus
1858:Nycticebus bancanus
1755:Bangka slow loris (
1728:Bengal slow loris (
1678:Red slender loris (
1583:Golden angwantibo (
1407:Indonesian Primates
1024:The Huffington Post
962:, pp. 421–423.
878:, pp. 159–160.
781:, pp. 156–163.
769:, pp. 535–536.
691:Nycticebus bancanus
661:Nycticebus bancanus
550:Habitat and ecology
542:in the province of
311:conservation status
254:Nycticebus bancanus
230:Nycticebus bancanus
64:Conservation status
2031:Primates of Borneo
1814:Pygmy slow loris (
1804:(Pygmy slow loris)
1737:Javan slow loris (
1719:Sunda slow loris (
1244:Wilson, D. E.
1232:Groves, C. P.
604:N. menagensis
461:N. menagensis
427:N. menagensis
416:molecular analysis
412:N. menagensis
392:Nycticebus coucang
348:Bornean slow loris
287:N. menagensis
276:and the island of
48:Bangka slow loris
27:Species of primate
2003:
2002:
1975:Open Tree of Life
1850:Taxon identifiers
1841:
1840:
1826:
1825:
1807:
1712:
1671:
1668:(Slender lorises)
1652:
1637:
1636:
1567:
1460:978-0-691-09984-2
1424:978-1-4419-1559-7
1393:978-0-19-517133-4
1356:10.1002/ajp.22071
1318:(1494): 527–538.
1298:978-0-387-34807-0
1263:978-0-8018-8221-0
1223:978-1-56098-872-4
1130:978-0-12-372576-9
1103:978-0-306-45183-6
950:, pp. 28–33.
900:Ankel-Simons 2007
861:Ankel-Simons 2007
540:N. borneanus
435:N. borneanus
379:N. borneanus
249:Bangka slow loris
245:
244:
104:
87:
18:Bangka slow loris
16:(Redirected from
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2026:Fauna of Sumatra
1996:
1995:
1983:
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1797:Xanthonycticebus
1711:
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1689:L. lydekkerianus
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1493:
1486:
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1464:
1445:
1428:
1397:
1375:
1341:
1335:Nycticebus kayan
1327:
1302:
1275:
1252:(3rd ed.).
1227:
1214:Primate Taxonomy
1205:
1203:
1202:
1196:
1181:
1167:
1150:(4): 1187–1200.
1134:
1115:
1077:Literature cited
1071:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1046:
1040:
1039:
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1018:Nycticebus kayan
1011:
1005:
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984:
975:
969:
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939:
938:, p. 52–53.
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827:Chen et al. 2006
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684:
678:
677:
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673:
655:
612:N. bancanus
556:N. bancanus
516:South Kalimantan
504:N. bancanus
488:N. bancanus
437:. Additionally,
431:N. bancanus
414:) in 2006, when
408:N. bancanus
396:pygmy slow loris
388:Sunda slow loris
374:N. bancanus
363:Lemur menagensis
359:Richard Lydekker
330:N. bancanus
317:and the illegal
232:
212:N. bancanus
119:
118:
98:
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57:
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1576:A. calabarensis
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1121:Primate Anatomy
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829:, p. 1198.
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779:Osman Hill 1953
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614:. The illegal
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586:mixes with its
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544:West Kalimantan
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420:N. coucang
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1730:N. bengalensis
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1715:
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1709:(Slow lorises)
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1680:L. tardigradus
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1547:Perodicticinae
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1070:, p. 390.
1060:
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1006:
976:
964:
952:
940:
928:
916:
914:, p. 253.
904:
902:, p. 246.
892:
880:
865:
850:
831:
819:
817:, p. 122.
807:
795:
783:
771:
767:Lyon, Jr. 1906
759:
747:
716:
679:
649:
647:
644:
630:promoting the
616:wildlife trade
599:
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551:
548:
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493:zygomatic arch
448:
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319:wildlife trade
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3:
2:
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1748:N. menagensis
1744:
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1564:(Angwantibos)
1559:
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1537:Strepsirrhini
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1210:Groves, C. P.
1207:
1197:on 2011-02-28
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960:Alterman 1995
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889:
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862:
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756:
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473:grooming claw
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440:N. kayan
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259:strepsirrhine
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221:Binomial name
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19:
2021:Slow lorises
1857:
1832:
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1766:N. borneanus
1765:
1756:
1754:
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1739:N. javanicus
1738:
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1598:Perodicticus
1596:
1584:
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1382:
1350:(1): 46–56.
1347:
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1199:. Retrieved
1192:the original
1187:
1183:
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1143:
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1120:
1093:
1090:Perodicticus
1089:
1085:
1063:
1053:. BBC News.
1044:
1032:. Retrieved
1023:
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997:. Retrieved
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786:
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739:. Retrieved
732:the original
719:
707:. Retrieved
702:
696:
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670:. Retrieved
660:
653:
624:viral videos
611:
609:
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598:Conservation
593:
555:
553:
539:
528:Barito River
524:Kapuas River
503:
502:
499:Distribution
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391:
384:slow lorises
377:
373:
365:. In 1906,
362:
351:
336:
329:
328:
315:habitat loss
292:
285:
253:
252:
248:
246:
229:
227:
211:
210:
198:
42:
31:
1882:Wikispecies
1816:X. pygmaeus
1757:N. bancanus
1609:P. edwardsi
1034:15 December
999:19 December
815:Groves 2005
803:Groves 2001
791:Groves 1971
400:N. pygmaeus
361:in 1893 as
2010:Categories
1784:N. hilleri
1721:N. coucang
1702:Nycticebus
1618:P. ibeanus
1557:Arctocebus
1535:Suborder:
1403:Nycticebus
1201:2013-01-04
1175:Nycticebus
1140:Nycticebus
1086:Nycticebus
741:2012-12-14
672:28 January
646:References
636:Appendix I
632:exotic pet
568:omnivorous
532:allopatric
508:Indonesian
491:below the
481:lemuriform
356:naturalist
337:Nycticebus
307:Vulnerable
270:slow loris
199:Nycticebus
174:Suborder:
97:Appendix I
1941:163015864
1649:(Lorises)
1643:Lorisinae
1585:A. aureus
1511:Kingdom:
1501:Lorisidae
1442:500576914
584:secretion
578:gland (a
564:nocturnal
477:toothcomb
457:rhinarium
453:vestigial
371:described
344:Lorisidae
299:nocturnal
206:Species:
188:Lorisidae
134:Kingdom:
128:Eukaryota
1873:Q1385338
1867:Wikidata
1834:Category
1775:N. kayan
1627:P. potto
1531:Primates
1525:Mammalia
1519:Chordata
1517:Phylum:
1513:Animalia
1372:17077282
1364:23255350
1272:62265494
1234:(2005).
1212:(2001).
1164:24319996
1112:33441731
1055:Archived
1028:Archived
993:Archived
709:13 April
576:brachial
560:arboreal
536:sympatry
295:arboreal
184:Family:
168:Primates
158:Mammalia
148:Chordata
144:Phylum:
138:Animalia
124:Domain:
84:IUCN 3.1
1980:6145319
1954:1001061
1915:5786054
1529:Order:
1523:Class:
628:YouTube
469:opposes
465:incisor
282:synonym
266:species
262:primate
257:) is a
240:, 1906)
194:Genus:
164:Order:
154:Class:
99: (
82: (
1993:390435
1967:905388
1928:944110
1457:
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1127:
1110:
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588:saliva
566:, and
520:Bangka
369:first
341:family
278:Bangka
274:Borneo
264:and a
1902:485JG
1661:Loris
1368:S2CID
1340:(PDF)
1242:. In
1195:(PDF)
1180:(PDF)
1160:S2CID
735:(PDF)
728:(PDF)
640:CITES
580:gland
572:toxin
538:with
334:genus
101:CITES
95:CITES
1936:IUCN
1923:ITIS
1910:GBIF
1455:ISBN
1438:OCLC
1419:ISBN
1388:ISBN
1360:PMID
1293:ISBN
1268:OCLC
1258:ISBN
1218:ISBN
1125:ISBN
1108:OCLC
1098:ISBN
1088:and
1036:2012
1001:2012
711:2022
703:2020
674:2016
622:and
514:and
512:West
433:and
297:and
247:The
238:Lyon
1949:MDD
1897:CoL
1411:doi
1352:doi
1320:doi
1285:doi
1152:doi
638:of
626:on
558:is
268:of
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
