48:
324:
because of their cuticular papillae and the division of the leaves into triangular lobes all the way back to the midrib, neither of which occurs in any other
Banksieae genus. (Before the 2007 transfer of
490:. It is harder to reconcile it with the recent claim that New Zealand was completely submerged in the late Oligocene, as this would require the unlikely (but possible)
335:, it was realised that there was no way to distinguish these two genera based solely on foliar characters, and so fossil leaves were classified into the
227:
This species is based on several leaf fossils, all with triangular pinnate lobes cut all the way back to the midrib, and indistinct secondary venation.
660:
685:
632:
670:
316:
based on several structural grounds, including brachyparacytic stomata, a trichome base architecture unique to
Banksieae, "banksioid"
455:, but because the species is regarded as belonging to the stem group, it does not contradict previous evidence suggesting that the
428:-like environment. The vegetation has been interpreted as growing in a warm and constantly wet climate, and the extensive beds of
665:
266:
361:, their unusual structure, together with some ornamentation of the trichome bases, and the absence of any features of extant
623:
680:
47:
675:
637:
299:
585:
171:
183:
179:
152:
175:
491:
464:
252:
42:
565:
504:
555:
340:
425:
346:
85:
16:
Extinct species of shrub in the family
Proteceae found in the South Island of New Zealand
417:
72:
654:
357:
Although the cuticular papillae are regarded as evidence that the species belongs to
240:
256:
212:
538:
Carpenter, Raymond J; Jordan, Gregory J.; Lee, Daphne E.; Hill, Robert S. (2010).
617:
456:
452:
413:
336:
309:
295:
260:
216:
608:
487:
479:
421:
374:
198:
118:
281:
268:
475:
468:
394:
313:
235:, and have very wrinkly subsidiary cells. Both leaf surfaces are covered in
108:
30:
569:
320:, and the pinnate leaf lobes. Within Banksieae they are assigned to genus
602:
327:
236:
98:
560:
539:
429:
403:
398:
228:
203:
128:
34:
232:
208:
579:
409:
59:
251:
Fossil leaves were found at the
Newvale Mine, Waimumu Coalfield,
317:
583:
312:, where the fossils were found. The fossils are assigned to
308:
was first published in 2010. The specific epithet refers to
474:
Under the long-held view that the New
Zealand flora has a
544:(Proteaceae) from New Zealand: An Australian abroad"
447:
material found outside
Australia. It shows that the
592:
478:element that has survived there at least since the
494:of seeds across thousands of kilometers of ocean.
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
521:
432:in the area suggest an area with poor drainage.
350:. Now, however, they may simply be assigned to
486:in New Zealand can be adequately explained by
8:
580:
239:bases, and the undersurface is covered in
20:
559:
517:
416:. The bed mainly contains species with
408:), and is thought to have accrued in
365:recognised as derived, suggests that
7:
638:2781004F-7845-24F3-09EA-CE400D8DC178
373:species; that is, it belongs to the
298:bed located in a seam of the middle
424:element in evidence, suggesting a
14:
393:was found is regarded as of late
46:
661:Banksia taxa by scientific name
1:
686:Extinct plants of New Zealand
443:encompasses the first fossil
420:leaves, with no broad-leaved
389:The leaf litter bed in which
702:
548:American Journal of Botany
412:associated with a coastal
671:Flora of the South Island
451:lineage once occurred in
158:
151:
43:Scientific classification
41:
23:
666:Prehistoric angiosperms
624:Banksia novae-zelandiae
594:Banksia novae-zelandiae
484:B. novae-zelandiae
441:Banksia novae-zelandiae
391:B. novae-zelandiae
369:is basal to all extant
367:B. novae-zelandiae
306:B. novae-zelandiae
194:Banksia novae-zelandiae
165:Banksia novae-zelandiae
144:B. novae-zelandiae
25:Banksia novae-zelandiae
282:46.14250°S 168.75167°E
300:Gore Lignite Measures
467:some time after the
287:-46.14250; 168.75167
211:leaves found in the
561:10.3732/ajb.0900199
465:southwest Australia
278: /
482:, the presence of
404:28 to 16
253:Southland District
207:, known only from
648:
647:
586:Taxon identifiers
540:"Leaf fossils of
505:Araucaria haastii
406:million years ago
190:
189:
693:
681:Oligocene plants
641:
640:
628:
627:
626:
613:
612:
611:
581:
574:
573:
563:
535:
407:
341:Banksieaephyllum
293:
292:
290:
289:
288:
283:
279:
276:
275:
274:
271:
167:
163:
51:
50:
29:Temporal range:
21:
701:
700:
696:
695:
694:
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691:
690:
651:
650:
649:
644:
636:
631:
622:
621:
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607:
606:
601:
588:
578:
577:
537:
536:
519:
514:
500:
438:
402:
387:
347:Banksieaeformis
286:
284:
280:
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272:
269:
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265:
264:
249:
225:
186:
169:
161:
160:
147:
45:
37:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
699:
697:
689:
688:
683:
678:
676:Miocene plants
673:
668:
663:
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652:
646:
645:
643:
642:
629:
614:
598:
596:
590:
589:
584:
576:
575:
554:(2): 288–297.
516:
515:
513:
510:
509:
508:
499:
496:
437:
434:
418:sclerophyllous
386:
383:
248:
245:
224:
221:
188:
187:
170:
156:
155:
149:
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134:
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63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
39:
38:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
698:
687:
684:
682:
679:
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634:
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619:
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582:
571:
567:
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384:
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297:
294:), in a thin
291:
262:
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210:
206:
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200:
196:
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185:
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177:
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166:
157:
154:
153:Binomial name
150:
146:
145:
139:
136:
135:
132:
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117:
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113:
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107:
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97:
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73:Tracheophytes
71:
68:
65:
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61:
58:
55:
54:
49:
44:
40:
36:
32:
26:
22:
19:
593:
551:
547:
541:
503:
483:
473:
460:
448:
444:
440:
439:
436:Biogeography
390:
388:
378:
370:
366:
362:
358:
356:
351:
345:
339:
332:
326:
321:
305:
304:
257:South Island
250:
226:
213:South Island
202:
193:
192:
191:
164:
159:
143:
142:
129:
92:
79:
66:
24:
18:
618:Wikispecies
457:crown group
453:New Zealand
337:form genera
310:New Zealand
296:leaf litter
285: /
261:New Zealand
223:Description
217:New Zealand
201:species of
86:Angiosperms
655:Categories
512:References
488:vicariance
480:Cretaceous
422:rainforest
375:stem group
273:168°45′6″E
243:papillae.
119:Proteaceae
492:dispersal
476:Gondwanan
469:Paleogene
463:arose in
397:to early
395:Oligocene
314:Banksieae
270:46°8′33″S
241:cuticular
231:occur in
176:G.J.Jord.
172:R.J.Carp.
137:Species:
109:Proteales
56:Kingdom:
31:Oligocene
609:Q4856656
603:Wikidata
570:21622389
498:See also
401:origin (
328:Dryandra
318:venation
247:Taxonomy
237:trichome
184:R.S.Hill
115:Family:
99:Eudicots
542:Banksia
461:Banksia
449:Banksia
445:Banksia
430:lignite
399:Miocene
385:Habitat
379:Banksia
371:Banksia
363:Banksia
359:Banksia
352:Banksia
333:Banksia
322:Banksia
233:areoles
229:Stomata
204:Banksia
199:extinct
180:D.E.Lee
162:†
141:†
130:Banksia
125:Genus:
105:Order:
60:Plantae
35:Miocene
568:
410:swamps
209:fossil
197:is an
182:&
633:IFPNI
426:heath
414:delta
331:into
93:Clade
80:Clade
67:Clade
566:PMID
344:and
556:doi
459:of
377:of
354:.)
215:of
657::
635::
620::
605::
564:.
552:97
550:.
546:.
520:^
471:.
381:.
302:.
259:,
255:,
219:.
178:,
174:,
95::
82::
69::
572:.
558::
263:(
33:–
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