811:
37:
1218:
71:
798:
751:. The latter subseries was formally defined as containing those species with "stout, usually monotonically curved, smooth styles, and seed bodies usually with spine-like or plate-like processes on their inner faces", and given as
1200:
series of monographs was published. This was essentially a revision of George's 1981 arrangement, which took into account some of Thiele and
Ladiges' data, but rejected their overall arrangement, including
791:
299:
1625:
1630:
1430:
70:
1388:
1555:
Mast, Austin R.; Eric H. Jones & Shawn P. Havery (2005). "An assessment of old and new DNA sequence evidence for the paraphyly of
1438:
1325:, but no further details have been published. Mast and Thiele have foreshadowed publishing a full arrangement once DNA sampling of
810:
1592:
1360:
1421:
1196:
1510:
1300:
1635:
1194:
Thiele and
Ladiges' arrangement remained current only until 1999, when George's treatment of the genus for the
1165:
1093:
884:
1141:
1081:
909:
872:
833:
734:
1416:
1177:
1153:
1129:
1105:
271:
860:
326:
179:
163:
1117:
897:
698:
311:
195:
1590:
Mast, Austin; Thiele, Kevin (2007). "The transfer of
Dryandra R.Br. to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)".
1465:; Proteaceae) based on cpDNA and nrDNA sequence data: implications for taxonomy and biogeography".
955:
815:
420:
1284:
1034:
1004:
597:
65:
36:
1217:
1537:
1529:
1493:
1434:
1397:
1046:
1011:
997:
990:
983:
797:
756:
614:
573:
549:
525:
45:
1601:
1572:
1519:
1474:
1426:
1369:
1272:
1266:
1222:
1070:
976:
962:
776:
492:
444:
1355:
1260:
969:
928:
846:
802:
723:
475:
370:
291:
108:
1278:
1058:
1022:
935:
921:
852:
761:
729:
717:
715:. They divided the series into two subseries in accordance with their cladogram, with
387:
353:
95:
1619:
1351:
1235:
752:
267:
253:
222:
50:
1425:. Volume. Vol. 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. Collingwood, Victoria:
1454:
1231:
1239:
283:
141:
1533:
1310:
1255:
1243:
303:
295:
257:
131:
1541:
1524:
1497:
121:
826:
262:
151:
1373:
1571:(1). CSIRO Publishing / Australian Systematic Botany Society: 75–88.
1498:"Historical biogeography and the origin of stomatal distributions in
772:
1605:
1576:
1478:
1216:
809:
796:
321:
307:
82:
1276:(Scarlet Banksia), and the remaining species form a clade with
1246:
that is rather different from previous taxonomic arrangements.
697:
Thiele and
Ladiges accepted this clade as the basis for their
1234:
has been publishing results of ongoing cladistic analyses of
1291:
Early in 2007 Mast and Thiele initiated a rearrangement of
298:
somewhat at odds with the accepted taxonomic arrangement,
1358:(1996). "A Cladistic Analysis of Banksia (Proteaceae)".
1457:(1998). "Molecular systematics of subtribe Banksiinae (
760:(Firewood Banksia). The subseries name comes from the
325:George, together with the four members of George's
1419:(1999). "Banksia". In Wilson, Annette (ed.).
1346:
1344:
1342:
8:
1506:(Proteaceae) based on Their cpDNA phylogeny"
743:, and the remaining nine species placed in
35:
20:
1523:
335:. This clade divided into two subclades:
1186:(4 subspecies, 14 species, 8 subspecies)
1338:
1270:(Showy Banksia) form a clade alongside
1138:(2 subseries, 11 species, 4 subspecies)
1431:Australian Biological Resources Study
1150:(3 subseries, 7 species, 6 varieties)
782:The placement and circumscription of
771:("style"), in reference to the stout
7:
1309:for the species having spoon-shaped
589:
565:
541:
517:
467:
460:
436:
412:
345:
338:
779:of the species contained therein.
16:Subseries in the family Proteaceae
14:
69:
1626:Banksia taxa by scientific name
792:Thiele and Ladiges' arrangement
1317:fall within Mast and Thiele's
794:may be summarised as follows:
300:the 1981 arrangement of George
1:
1631:Eudicots of Western Australia
310:consisting of the members of
1593:Australian Systematic Botany
1565:Australian Systematic Botany
1467:Australian Systematic Botany
1361:Australian Systematic Botany
282:The name came about after a
266:. It was first published by
1313:. All members of subseries
733:(Wallum Banksia) placed in
1652:
1511:American Journal of Botany
1387:George, Alex S. (1981). "
1242:. His analyses suggest a
611:
594:
587:
570:
563:
546:
539:
522:
515:
489:
472:
465:
458:
441:
434:
417:
410:
384:
367:
350:
343:
270:in 1996 but discarded by
234:
229:
66:Scientific classification
64:
43:
34:
23:
1299:into it, and publishing
49:(Firewood Banksia), the
1264:(Baxter's Banksia) and
767:("strong, sturdy") and
1282:(Ashby's Banksia) and
1238:data for the subtribe
1227:
820:
807:
707:, discarding George's
302:. Thiele and Ladiges'
1525:10.3732/ajb.89.8.1311
1288:(Porcupine Banksia).
1220:
813:
800:
1433:. pp. 175–251.
1356:Ladiges, Pauline Y.
1213:Recent developments
956:B. candolleana
819:(Propellor Banksia)
816:B. candolleana
421:B. candolleana
1494:Givnish, Thomas J.
1422:Flora of Australia
1285:B. lindleyana
1228:
1197:Flora of Australia
1035:B. lullfitzii
1005:B. hookeriana
821:
808:
806:(Baxter's Banksia)
727:(Saw Banksia) and
721:(Desert Banksia),
598:B. hookeriana
284:cladistic analysis
1492:Mast, Austin R.;
1393:L.f. (Proteaceae)
1374:10.1071/SB9960661
1226:(Sceptre Banksia)
1047:B. attenuata
1012:B. prionotes
998:B. victoriae
991:B. burdettii
984:B. menziesii
757:B. menziesii
689:
688:
680:
679:
671:
670:
662:
661:
653:
652:
644:
643:
635:
634:
626:
625:
615:B. prionotes
574:B. victoriae
550:B. burdettii
526:B. menziesii
504:
503:
399:
398:
241:
240:
225:
46:Banksia menziesii
1643:
1610:
1609:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1559:with respect to
1552:
1546:
1545:
1527:
1518:(8): 1311–1323.
1489:
1483:
1482:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1427:CSIRO Publishing
1413:
1407:
1406:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1348:
1295:by transferring
1273:B. coccinea
1267:B. speciosa
1223:B. sceptrum
1071:B. coccinea
977:B. speciosa
963:B. sceptrum
777:pollen-presenter
590:
566:
542:
518:
493:B. speciosa
468:
461:
445:B. sceptrum
437:
413:
346:
339:
221:
216:
200:
184:
168:
74:
73:
39:
28:
21:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1640:
1636:Plant subseries
1616:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1606:10.1071/SB06016
1589:
1588:
1584:
1577:10.1071/SB04015
1563:(Proteaceae)".
1554:
1553:
1549:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1479:10.1071/SB97026
1455:Mast, Austin R.
1453:
1452:
1448:
1441:
1417:George, Alex S.
1415:
1414:
1410:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1350:
1349:
1340:
1335:
1261:B. baxteri
1215:
970:B. baxteri
929:B. serrata
847:B. elegans
803:B. baxteri
724:B. serrata
695:
690:
681:
672:
663:
654:
645:
636:
627:
505:
476:B. baxteri
400:
371:B. serrata
292:Pauline Ladiges
280:
220:
214:
198:
182:
166:
68:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1649:
1647:
1639:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1611:
1582:
1547:
1484:
1473:(4): 321–342.
1446:
1439:
1408:
1379:
1368:(5): 661–733.
1337:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1279:B. ashbyi
1254:appears to be
1250: subser.
1214:
1211:
1205: subser.
1192:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1175:
1163:
1151:
1139:
1127:
1115:
1103:
1091:
1079:
1076:incertae sedis
1067:
1064:incertae sedis
1059:B. ashbyi
1055:
1052:incertae sedis
1043:
1040:incertae sedis
1031:
1028:incertae sedis
1023:B. baueri
1019:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1008:
1001:
994:
987:
980:
973:
966:
959:
947: subser.
941:
940:
939:
936:B. aemula
932:
925:
922:B. ornata
913: subser.
894:
882:
857:
853:incertae sedis
843:
786: subser.
747: subser.
738: subser.
730:B. aemula
718:B. ornata
694:
691:
687:
686:
683:
682:
678:
677:
674:
673:
669:
668:
665:
664:
660:
659:
656:
655:
651:
650:
647:
646:
642:
641:
638:
637:
633:
632:
629:
628:
624:
623:
620:
619:
610:
607:
606:
603:
602:
593:
588:
586:
583:
582:
579:
578:
569:
564:
562:
559:
558:
555:
554:
545:
540:
538:
535:
534:
531:
530:
521:
516:
514:
511:
510:
507:
506:
502:
501:
498:
497:
488:
485:
484:
481:
480:
471:
466:
464:
459:
457:
454:
453:
450:
449:
440:
435:
433:
430:
429:
426:
425:
416:
411:
409:
406:
405:
402:
401:
397:
396:
393:
392:
388:B. aemula
383:
380:
379:
376:
375:
366:
363:
362:
359:
358:
354:B. ornata
349:
344:
342:
337:
290:by Thiele and
279:
276:
239:
238:
232:
231:
227:
226:
209:
205:
204:
193:
189:
188:
177:
173:
172:
161:
157:
156:
149:
145:
144:
139:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
119:
112:
111:
106:
99:
98:
93:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
62:
61:
57: subser.
41:
40:
32:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1648:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1586:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1551:
1548:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1495:
1488:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1442:
1440:0-643-06454-0
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1405:(3): 239–473.
1404:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1383:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1352:Thiele, Kevin
1347:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1332:
1330:
1329:is complete.
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1007:
1006:
1002:
1000:
999:
995:
993:
992:
988:
986:
985:
981:
979:
978:
974:
972:
971:
967:
965:
964:
960:
958:
957:
953:
952:
951:
950:
946:
942:
938:
937:
933:
931:
930:
926:
924:
923:
919:
918:
917:
916:
912:
908:
907:
906:
905:
904:
900:
895:
892:
891:
887:
883:
880:
879:
875:
871:
870:
869:
868:
867:
863:
858:
855:
854:
849:
848:
844:
841:
840:
836:
832:
831:
830:
829:
828:
823:
822:
818:
817:
812:
805:
804:
799:
795:
793:
789:
785:
780:
778:
774:
770:
766:
763:
759:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
741:
737:
732:
731:
726:
725:
720:
719:
714:
710:
706:
705:
701:
692:
685:
684:
676:
675:
667:
666:
658:
657:
649:
648:
640:
639:
631:
630:
622:
621:
618:
617:
616:
609:
608:
605:
604:
601:
600:
599:
592:
591:
585:
584:
581:
580:
577:
576:
575:
568:
567:
561:
560:
557:
556:
553:
552:
551:
544:
543:
537:
536:
533:
532:
529:
528:
527:
520:
519:
513:
512:
509:
508:
500:
499:
496:
495:
494:
487:
486:
483:
482:
479:
478:
477:
470:
469:
463:
462:
456:
455:
452:
451:
448:
447:
446:
439:
438:
432:
431:
428:
427:
424:
423:
422:
415:
414:
408:
407:
404:
403:
395:
394:
391:
390:
389:
382:
381:
378:
377:
374:
373:
372:
365:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:
355:
348:
347:
341:
340:
336:
334:
333:
329:
324:
323:
319:
318:
314:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
277:
275:
273:
269:
265:
264:
259:
255:
251:
250:
246:
237:
233:
228:
224:
219:
218:
210:
207:
206:
203:
202:
194:
191:
190:
187:
186:
178:
175:
174:
171:
170:
162:
159:
158:
155:
154:
150:
147:
146:
143:
140:
137:
136:
133:
130:
127:
126:
123:
120:
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
101:
100:
97:
96:Tracheophytes
94:
91:
88:
87:
84:
81:
78:
77:
72:
67:
63:
60:
56:
52:
48:
47:
42:
38:
33:
30:
22:
19:
1600:(1): 63–71.
1597:
1591:
1585:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1499:
1487:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1449:
1420:
1411:
1402:
1396:
1390:
1382:
1365:
1359:
1326:
1322:
1321: subg.
1318:
1314:
1305:
1304: subg.
1301:
1296:
1292:
1290:
1283:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1256:polyphyletic
1251:
1247:
1236:DNA sequence
1230:Since 1998,
1229:
1221:
1206:
1202:
1195:
1193:
1182:
1178:
1171:Dryandroides
1170:
1166:
1158:
1154:
1146:
1142:
1134:
1130:
1122:
1118:
1110:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1010:
1003:
996:
989:
982:
975:
968:
961:
954:
948:
944:
943:
934:
927:
920:
914:
910:
902:
898:
896:
889:
885:
877:
873:
865:
864: subg.
861:
859:
851:
845:
838:
837: subg.
834:
825:
824:
814:
801:
787:
783:
781:
768:
764:
755:
753:type species
748:
744:
739:
735:
728:
722:
716:
712:
708:
703:
699:
696:
613:
612:
596:
595:
572:
571:
548:
547:
524:
523:
491:
490:
474:
473:
443:
442:
419:
418:
386:
385:
369:
368:
352:
351:
331:
327:
320:
316:
312:
287:
281:
268:Kevin Thiele
261:
254:botanic name
248:
244:
243:
242:
235:
212:
211:
196:
180:
164:
152:
115:
102:
89:
58:
54:
51:type species
44:
24:
18:
1306:Spathulatae
1252:Cratistylis
1232:Austin Mast
1207:Cratistylis
1181: ser.
1174:(1 species)
1169: ser.
1162:(2 species)
1157: ser.
1145: ser.
1133: ser.
1126:(2 species)
1121: ser.
1114:(4 species)
1109: ser.
1102:(4 species)
1099:Cyrtostylis
1097: ser.
1090:(8 species)
1085: ser.
949:Cratistylis
901: ser.
893:(1 species)
890:Lindleyanae
888: ser.
881:(4 species)
876: ser.
842:(3 species)
788:Cratistylis
749:Cratistylis
711: ser.
702: ser.
330: ser.
315: ser.
306:included a
272:Alex George
252:is a valid
249:Cratistylis
217:Cratistylis
208:Subseries:
109:Angiosperms
59:Cratistylis
29:Cratistylis
1620:Categories
1389:The Genus
1333:References
1311:cotyledons
1240:Banksiinae
1147:Spicigerae
1087:Prostratae
878:Tetragonae
294:yielded a
278:Cladistics
223:K.R.Thiele
160:Subgenus:
142:Proteaceae
1534:0002-9122
1244:phylogeny
1183:Abietinae
1159:Quercinae
1135:Salicinae
1111:Ochraceae
839:Isostylis
304:cladogram
296:phylogeny
274:in 1999.
258:subseries
236:See text
176:Section:
132:Proteales
79:Kingdom:
1561:Dryandra
1542:21665734
1504:Dryandra
1496:(2002).
1463:Dryandra
1327:Dryandra
1297:Dryandra
713:Crocinae
693:Taxonomy
332:Crocinae
247:subser.
230:Species
213:Banksia
197:Banksia
192:Series:
181:Banksia
165:Banksia
138:Family:
122:Eudicots
25:Banksia
1557:Banksia
1500:Banksia
1459:Banksia
1398:Nuytsia
1391:Banksia
1323:Banksia
1315:Banksia
1293:Banksia
1123:Grandes
915:Banksia
903:Banksia
866:Banksia
827:Banksia
740:Banksia
704:Banksia
317:Banksia
288:Banksia
263:Banksia
245:Banksia
215:subser.
201:Banksia
185:Banksia
169:Banksia
153:Banksia
148:Genus:
128:Order:
83:Plantae
27:subser.
1540:
1532:
1437:
769:stylos
765:kratys
256:for a
773:style
762:Greek
322:sensu
308:clade
183:sect.
167:subg.
116:Clade
103:Clade
90:Clade
1538:PMID
1530:ISSN
1502:and
1461:and
1435:ISBN
775:and
199:ser.
1602:doi
1573:doi
1520:doi
1475:doi
1395:".
1370:doi
790:in
286:of
260:of
53:of
1622::
1598:20
1596:.
1569:18
1567:.
1536:.
1528:.
1516:89
1514:.
1508:.
1471:11
1469:.
1429:/
1401:.
1364:.
1354:;
1341:^
1319:B.
1302:B.
1258::
1248:B.
1209:.
1203:B.
1179:B.
1167:B.
1155:B.
1143:B.
1131:B.
1119:B.
1107:B.
1095:B.
1083:B.
945:B.
911:B.
899:B.
886:B.
874:B.
862:B.
835:B.
784:B.
745:B.
736:B.
709:B.
700:B.
328:B.
313:B.
118::
105::
92::
55:B.
1608:.
1604::
1579:.
1575::
1544:.
1522::
1481:.
1477::
1443:.
1403:3
1376:.
1372::
1366:9
1078:)
1074:(
1066:)
1062:(
1054:)
1050:(
1042:)
1038:(
1030:)
1026:(
856:)
850:(
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