388:(d. 1406), a medieval historian of Arab tribes, and is indirectly rejected by other medieval Arab historians. Rather, Ibn Khaldun asserts that "Qays Aylan" is the epithet of al-Nas ibn Mudar ibn Nizar ibn Ma'ad ibn Adnan. These historians hold varying theories as to the origins of the "Aylan" part of the epithet; among these are that Aylan was either the name of al-Nas's famous horse, his dog, his bow, a mountain where he was said to have been born, or a man who raised him.
487:
was the other large sub-tribe of A'sur, and its founders were the sons of a certain Bahila, who, at different times was the wife of two of A'sur's sons, Malik and Ma'n; there were many clans of the Bahila, the largest being the Banu
Qutayba and Banu Wa'il. The largest sub-tribes of the Ghatafan were
688:(battle days of the Arabs), which Fischer refers to as the "epic of the Arabs". Qaysi tribes were involved in numerous battles and feuds, some of which were against non-Qaysi tribes, but the vast majority being intra-Qaysi conflicts. Historian W. Mongtomery Watt holds that in the history of
744:
religion. The
Ghatafan and Sulaym, in particular, were in conflict with the Muslims in Medina in between 622 and 629. However, the Ashja' sub-tribe of Ghatafan had made an alliance with the Muslims in 627. By 630, the Sulaym and Ashja' had largely embraced Islam and backed Muhammad's
483:, whose founder was a son of A'sur, and the Banu al-Tufawa, which consisted of the descendants of three other sons of A'sur, Tha'laba, Amir and Mu'awiya, who were half-brothers of Ghani; they were collectively called after their mother, al-Tufawa. The
749:
in 630. These tribes fought against their
Hawazin kinsmen shortly after. By the time of Muhammad's death in 631, all Qaysi tribes had likely converted to Islam, but after his death, many if not most apostatized and fought the Muslims in the
954:. The Qays were not able to recover from the huge losses they suffered during the late Umayyad period, and their political role, though present, was not of significant consequence during the ensuing Abbasid era.
938:. As a result, the Yaman revolted against and killed Walid II, who was then replaced by Yazid III, who entirely depended on the Yaman. The Qays found a new patron in the Umayyad prince
627:
By the 14th century, only remnants of the Qaysi tribes still lived in their central
Arabian ancestral lands. Huge numbers of Qaysi tribesmen had made their dwelling places throughout
297:, which long became their abode. From there they governed on behalf of the caliphs or rebelled against them. The power of the Qays as a unified group diminished with the rise of the
692:, only individual Qaysi tribes were named, rather than the larger confederation. Accordingly, the Qays did not function as a unit in the pre-Islamic era. Among the most well-known
455:, whose progenitor was Qasi ibn Munabbih ibn Bakr ibn Hawazin. However, references to the Hawazin often excluded the Banu Amir and Thaqif, and were limited to the so-called
843:
in 661. Between then and the
Umayyads' collapse in 750, the Qays formed one of the main political and military components of the Caliphate. Their main antagonist were the
863:
died in relatively quick succession in 683 and 684, respectively, the Qays refused to recognize
Umayyad authority. The Kalb and their Yamani allies essentially selected
1419:
754:. The most active Qaysi tribe fighting against the Muslims was the Ghatafan, which attempted several times to capture Mecca before joining the anti-Islamic leader,
496:, both of whose founders were sons of Baghid ibn Rayth ibn Ghatafan, and the Banu Ashja', whose founder was a son of Rayth ibn Ghatafan. From Banu Dhubyan came the
423:
The Qays consisted of several branches, which were divided into further sub-tribes. The first-tier divisions, i.e. the sons of Qays, were
Khasafa, Sa'd and Amr.
467:, all of whose founders were sons or grandsons of Bakr ibn Hawazin. The Banu Sulaym was divided into three main divisions, Imru' al-Qays, Harith and Tha'laba.
345:), transliterated in English-language sources as "Qaysites" or "Kaisites". As an ethno-political group, the Qays are referred to in contemporary sources as
301:, which did not derive its military strength solely from the Arab tribes. Nonetheless, individual Qaysi tribes remained a potent force and some migrated to
443:, whose founder was the son of Ziyad ibn Khasafa. The Hawazin was a large tribal grouping that included several large sub-tribes. Among them were the
898:
they tenaciously fought against the Yaman and resisted
Umayyad authority. Most battles against the Kalb were fought in the desert between Syria and
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1387:
1365:
1341:
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1123:
1098:
1064:
1018:
684:
According to A. Fischer, the recorded history of Qays, like most
Arabian tribes, begins with their engagements in the pre-Islamic
2070:
1405:
1320:
193:
883:
798:
778:
922:
in 691 in return for a high place in the
Umayyad court. The Qays were strong partisans of the powerful Umayyad governors
887:
879:
in 684. The Qays were severely routed, leading to years of revenge-driven tit-for-tat raids between the Qays and Yaman.
364:
holds that the father of Qays was a certain Aylan. According to the traditional genealogists, Ê¿AylÄn was the epithet of
872:
1993:
851:. Other than competition for political, military and economic power, there was an ethnic component that defined the
876:
2065:
770:
697:
246:(661-750), its constituent tribes consolidated into one of the main tribal political factions of the caliphate.
1313:
The EncyclopÊdia of Islam: A Dictionary of the Geography, Ethnography and Biography of the Muhammadan Peoples
1598:
919:
868:
774:
855:; the Qays were "northern Arabs" while the Yaman were "southern Arabs". Mu'awiya and his son and successor
852:
834:
536:'s time (ca. 570 CE), the numerous branches of the Qays had spread to the areas southeast and northeast of
766:
565:
411:
in the mid-7th century, the descendants of Qays were so numerous and so significant a group that the term
859:
relied militarily and politically on the Kalb to the chagrin of the Qays. When Yazid and his successor
1089:
Lecker, M. (1997). "Sulaym". In Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P.; Lecomte, G. (eds.).
524:
According to Arab legend, the original homeland of the Qaysi tribes was in the low-lying areas of the
2041:
2029:
918:
rivers. Umayr was killed by the Taghlib in 689 and Zufar submitted to Umayyad authority under Caliph
844:
720:
was fought between the Abs and Dhubyan. Like other central Arabian tribes, the Qays were part of the
664:
613:
1055:
Watt, W. Montgomery (1971). "HawÄzin". In Lewis, B; Ménage, M. L.; Pellat, Ch; Schacht, J. (eds.).
923:
818:
762:, after which they once again returned to Islam and submitted to the Muslim state based in Medina.
717:
1375:
1357:
The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century
927:
907:
741:
609:
239:
61:
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ruled. Like other Arabian groups, numerous Qaysi tribes migrated northward during and after the
377:
373:
1383:
1361:
1337:
1331:
1316:
1308:
1147:
1119:
1094:
1060:
1014:
951:
947:
942:, who wrested the Caliphate from Yazid III and relocated the Umayyad capital from Damascus to
840:
759:
746:
557:
298:
294:
282:
243:
1355:
403:
or "North Arabians"; Arab tradition traces the descent of all Arab tribes to either Adnan or
1581:
1541:
1429:
822:
802:
721:
231:
1963:
1649:
1351:
950:
in 750, in which Marwan was killed; shortly after, the Umayyad realm entirely fell to the
369:
211:
1968:
1627:
1477:
860:
577:
553:
290:
286:
2060:
2054:
1718:
1703:
1680:
1617:
1586:
1556:
1492:
871:. Fighting in the latter's name, the Qaysi tribes of Amir, Sulaym and Ghatafan under
786:
605:
569:
464:
350:
330:
1009:
Rentz, M. (1960). "Djazirat al-'Arab". In Lewis, B; Pellat, Ch; Schacht, J. (eds.).
1988:
1936:
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1809:
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915:
911:
644:
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513:
489:
440:
302:
278:
158:
125:
30:
This article is about he Arab tribal confederation. For the Arabic given name, see
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1336:. Reading: Garnet Publishing Limited & Southern Court. pp. 294â295.
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FÃŒck, J. W. (1965). "Ghatafan". In Lewis, B; Pellat, Ch; Schacht, J. (eds.).
439:, both of whose founders were sons of Mansur ibn Ikrima ibn Khasafa, and the
2010:
2000:
1951:
1916:
1853:
1755:
1666:
1661:
1566:
1514:
1472:
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in Qaysi territory. The Qays were Marwan's principal military source in the
939:
891:
848:
709:
640:
549:
444:
400:
361:
258:
1926:
1921:
1447:
576:, particularly in the northern parts of those regions, in the provinces of
1740:
1114:
Caskel, W. (1960). "Bahila". In Lewis, B; Pellat, Ch; Schacht, J. (eds.).
930:
of Bahila. The Qays dominated the Umayyad government during the reigns of
1956:
1946:
1831:
1804:
1770:
1713:
1639:
1497:
1462:
1397:
935:
931:
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to succeed Mu'awiya II, while the Qays largely joined the rebel cause of
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806:
733:
713:
632:
593:
561:
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476:
250:
163:
150:
17:
2015:
1875:
1838:
1792:
1708:
1698:
1622:
1378:(1991) . "Kays Ê¿Aylan". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (eds.).
903:
856:
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each bore several sub-tribes. The largest sub-tribes of A'sur were the
432:
392:
254:
110:
765:
After the Ridda Wars, Qaysi tribesmen played an important part in the
249:
The major constituent tribes or tribal groupings of the Qays were the
2024:
1904:
1750:
1723:
1593:
1571:
1561:
1531:
943:
782:
758:
of the Banu Asad. The pagan Arab tribes were finally defeated in the
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581:
541:
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452:
404:
274:
262:
74:
1438:
These prefixes ignored in the alphabetical ordering: Al, Bani, Banu.
1093:. Vol. 9, SanâSze (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. p. 817.
631:
in a series of migratory waves. Among them were the Banu Sulaym in
391:
Qays was one of the two subdivisions of Mudar, the other being the
1730:
1519:
1509:
1467:
1382:. Vol. 4 Ira-Kha (2nd ed.). Leiden and New York: Brill.
1311:. In Houtsma, M. Th.; Wensinck, A. J.; Levi-Provençal, E. (eds.).
1059:. Vol. 3, HâIram (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. p. 285.
737:
621:
537:
529:
408:
381:
235:
198:
92:
54:
353:(literally "sons of") when referring to the descendants of Qays.
2005:
1941:
1146:. Vol. 2, CâG (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. p. 1023.
899:
617:
589:
545:
349:. Unlike most tribes of Arabia, the sources seldom use the term
38:
37:"Keis" redirects here. For the Japanese character encoding, see
31:
1401:
1118:. Vol. 1, AâB (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. p. 920.
1013:. Vol. 1, AâB (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. p. 544.
451:
was Amir ibn Sa'sa' ibn Mu'awiya ibn Bakr ibn Hawazin, and the
1487:
810:
636:
516:
of the banu Adwan and banu Fahm, both founded by sons of Amr.
797:(both sub-tribes of the Banu Amir) and the Sulaym to inhabit
384:. The theory that Aylan is the father of Qays is rejected by
238:
group. The tribe appears to have functioned as a unit in the
1330:
Ibn 'Abd Rabbih (2011). Boullata, Emeritus Issa J. (ed.).
459:(the rear of Hawazin). The latter included the tribes of
882:
After Marj Rahit, the Qays came under the leadership of
504:, whose founder was a son of 'Awf ibn Sa'd ibn Dhubyan.
281:. Many of these tribes or their clans migrated from the
1360:(Second ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
639:, the Adwan in Ifriqiya, the Fazara and Banu Rawah in
325:, though it is most frequently referred to simply as
906:, and the two sides fought several battles near the
399:). As descendants of Mudar, the Qays are considered
512:The two main sub-tribes of the Amr branch were the
189:
98:
88:
80:
70:
60:
46:
801:, northern Syria and the frontier region with the
1034:
1032:
1030:
544:, other areas in the Hejaz, the highlands of the
407:, father of the "South Arabians". By the dawn of
1038:Ibn Abd Rabbihi, ed. Boullata 2011, pp. 259â260.
809:. Qaysi tribesmen largely fought on the side of
704:on one side and the Qaysi Dhubyan and non-Qaysi
732:In the beginning, Qaysi tribes were hostile to
700:between the Qaysi Amir, Abs, Ghani, Bahila and
1254:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
875:fought Marwan I and the Yamani faction at the
500:, whose founder was a son of Dhubyan, and the
1413:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1167:
1165:
1163:
317:The full name of the tribal confederation is
8:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
968:
966:
902:. Umayr also entangled the Qays against the
789:, brought numerous Qaysi tribesmen from the
663:(a sub-tribe of the Banu Amir) in Ifriqiya,
1079:Ibn Abd Rabbihi, ed. Boullata 2011, p. 261.
785:'s reign (644â656), the governor of Syria,
588:. However, they also had a presence around
431:From Khasafa descended the large tribes of
360:of the confederation, and traditional Arab
1420:
1406:
1398:
1212:
1210:
1137:
1135:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1044:
992:
990:
337:. Members of the Qays are referred to as
289:, the military district of the northern
1004:
1002:
962:
890:. From their respective strongholds in
740:teachings, which conflicted with their
43:
309:, where they carved out their power.
7:
242:(before 630). However, by the early
821:in 656 and against Mu'awiya in the
716:on the other side. The long war of
215:
415:came to refer all North Arabians.
25:
616:(al-Balqa), and in the cities of
568:. Qaysi tribes spread throughout
671:and the Banu Jusham in Morocco.
1333:The Unique Necklace, Volume III
556:(eastern Arabia), and parts of
218:), often referred to simply as
333:, it is referred to solely as
285:and established themselves in
84:Qays Aylan ibn Mudar ibn Nizar
1:
884:Zufar ibn al-Harith al-Kilabi
888:Umayr ibn al-Hubab al-Sulami
873:al-Dahhak ibn Qays al-Fihri
635:(central North Africa) and
2087:
1180:Fischer 1934, pp. 653â654.
832:
813:against his rivals within
552:(both in central Arabia),
36:
29:
2038:
1443:
1436:
1380:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1144:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1116:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1091:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1057:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1011:The Encyclopedia of Islam
356:Qays is the namesake and
232:Arab tribal confederation
53:
27:Arab tribal confederation
1315:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
869:Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
839:Mu'awiya I founded the
775:al-Muthanna al-Shaybani
520:Geographic distribution
234:that branched from the
2071:Tribes of Saudi Arabia
825:in 657, respectively.
698:Battle of Shi'b Jabala
475:Sa'd's sons A'sur and
1293:Fischer 1934, p. 656.
1258:Fischer 1934, p. 655.
1204:Fischer 1934, p. 654.
1171:Fischer 1934, p. 653.
984:Fischer 1934, p. 652.
651:, the Banu Ashja' in
532:(western Arabia). By
1307:Fischer, A. (1934).
1267:Kennedy 2004, p. 79.
877:Battle of Marj Rahit
728:Early Islamic period
1994:Sa'd ibn Zayd Manat
1376:Watt, W. Montgomery
924:al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf
819:Battle of the Camel
718:Dahis and al-Ghabra
1599:Bakr ibn Abd Manat
1216:Watt 1978, p. 834.
996:Watt 1978, p. 833.
928:Qutayba ibn Muslim
853:QaysâYaman rivalry
835:QaysâYaman rivalry
680:Pre-Islamic period
329:; occasionally in
313:Name and genealogy
240:pre-Islamic Arabia
107:Mansur ibn Ikrima
2048:
2047:
952:Abbasid Caliphate
948:Battle of the Zab
841:Umayyad Caliphate
799:Upper Mesopotamia
760:Battle of Buzakha
747:conquest of Mecca
558:Lower Mesopotamia
299:Abbasid Caliphate
295:Upper Mesopotamia
283:Arabian Peninsula
244:Umayyad Caliphate
205:
204:
16:(Redirected from
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2066:Tribes of Arabia
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823:Battle of Siffin
803:Byzantine Empire
781:. During Caliph
767:Muslim conquests
696:battles was the
566:Muslim conquests
540:, the region of
463:, Banu Nasr and
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722:Kindite Kingdom
712:, Lakhmids and
682:
677:
522:
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473:
470:
429:
421:
395:(also known as
323:Qays ibn Ê¿AylÄn
315:
291:region of Syria
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1379:
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1332:
1312:
1309:"Kais-Ailan"
1300:Bibliography
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1084:
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920:Abd al-Malik
892:al-Qarqisiya
881:
838:
764:
742:polytheistic
731:
693:
689:
685:
683:
645:Tripolitania
629:North Africa
626:
604:plains, the
523:
511:
490:Banu Dhubyan
474:
457:Ê¿ujz HawÄzin
456:
441:Banu Muharib
430:
422:
412:
396:
390:
365:
355:
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342:
338:
334:
326:
322:
318:
316:
303:North Africa
248:
227:
223:
219:
207:
206:
89:Parent tribe
2042:Arab tribes
1746:Abd al-Qays
1430:Arab tribes
1428:Historical
861:Mu'awiya II
829:Umayyad era
665:Constantine
614:Transjordan
586:Diyar Mudar
574:Mesopotamia
461:Banu Jusham
437:Banu Sulaym
386:Ibn Khaldun
368:, a son of
347:al-Qaysīyya
339:al-QaysÄyÅ«n
319:Qays Ê¿AylÄn
208:Qays Ê¿AylÄn
2055:Categories
1964:al-Samayda
1781:Taym Allah
1761:Banu Dhuhl
1322:9004082654
958:References
896:Ras al-Ayn
795:Banu Uqayl
791:Banu Kilab
787:Mu'awiya I
752:Ridda Wars
661:Banu Hilal
560:where the
528:along the
502:Banu Murra
481:Banu Ghani
449:progenitor
358:progenitor
307:al-Andalus
230:) were an
201:(post 630)
196:(pre-630)
194:Polytheism
1628:Abd-Shams
1567:Banu Kanz
1473:Banu Asad
940:Marwan II
849:Banu Kalb
710:Banu Asad
641:Cyrenaica
610:Palestine
578:Qinnasrin
465:Banu Sa'd
445:Banu Amir
401:Adnanites
362:genealogy
216:ÙÙس عÙÙاÙ
145:Al-Tufawa
18:Banu Qays
2040:Part of
1947:Juhaynah
1825:Tha'laba
1805:Ghatafan
1587:Mustaliq
1577:Khath'am
1542:Al-Haram
1463:Banu Amr
1354:(2004).
936:Walid II
932:Yazid II
865:Marwan I
777:and the
736:and his
734:Muhammad
714:Kindites
633:Ifriqiya
594:Damascus
580:(around
562:Lakhmids
548:and the
534:Muhammad
494:Banu Abs
477:Ghatafan
447:, whose
419:Branches
251:Ghatafan
190:Religion
151:Ghatafan
104:Khasafa
99:Branches
71:Location
2016:Al Fadl
1989:Hanzala
1937:Balqayn
1910:Muharib
1886:Qushayr
1876:Khafaja
1839:Hawazin
1810:Dhubyan
1793:Taghlib
1776:Shayban
1736:Muzayna
1699:Madhhaj
1685:Khuthir
1623:Quraysh
1618:Jadhima
1582:Khuza'a
1547:Hudhayl
1503:Khazraj
904:Taghlib
857:Yazid I
817:at the
815:Quraysh
807:Armenia
756:Tulayha
738:Islamic
675:History
657:Morocco
653:Algeria
554:Bahrayn
526:Tihamah
433:Hawazin
427:Khasafa
393:Khindif
341:(sing.
279:Muharib
255:Hawazin
159:Dhubyan
126:Muharib
111:Hawazin
2025:Thamud
2011:Jarrah
2001:Tanukh
1969:Sa'ida
1927:Bahra'
1922:Quda'a
1905:Bahila
1895:Sulaym
1849:Thaqif
1815:Fazara
1766:Hanifa
1751:Anizah
1741:Rabi'a
1724:Zubaid
1689:Lihyan
1645:Hashim
1633:Umayya
1609:Ghifar
1604:Damrah
1594:Kinana
1572:Kahlan
1562:Jurhum
1552:Judham
1537:Hamdan
1532:Bajila
1525:Zahran
1478:Ash'ar
1386:
1364:
1340:
1319:
1150:
1122:
1097:
1063:
1017:
944:Harran
916:Tigris
912:Balikh
908:Khabur
783:Uthman
779:Levant
773:under
771:Persia
702:Bajila
669:Annaba
659:, the
649:Fezzan
602:Hawran
598:Ghouta
596:, the
584:) and
582:Aleppo
550:Yamama
542:Medina
498:Fazara
485:Bahila
453:Thaqif
405:Qahtan
397:al-YÄs
366:al-NÄs
335:Ê¿AylÄn
275:Bahila
267:Sulaym
263:Thaqif
212:Arabic
137:A'sur
122:Ziyad
116:Sulaym
75:Arabia
2030:Yaman
1984:Tamim
1979:Shuja
1974:Shehr
1957:Salih
1917:Qedar
1900:Ghani
1881:Kilab
1869:Uqayl
1859:Hilal
1820:Murra
1731:Maqil
1719:Nukha
1694:Lakhm
1681:Kinda
1672:Zuhra
1657:Jumah
1650:Abbas
1557:Ju'fa
1520:Ghamd
1510:Bariq
1493:Ansar
1483:Aslam
1468:Anmar
1458:Amila
706:Tamim
694:Ayyam
622:Basra
570:Syria
538:Mecca
530:Hejaz
413:Qaysī
409:Islam
382:Adnan
378:Ma'ad
374:Nizar
370:Mudar
343:Qaysī
271:Ghani
236:Mudar
199:Islam
178:Adwan
168:Anmar
155:Ashja
141:Ghani
134:Sa'd
93:Mudar
66:Qaysi
62:Nisba
2061:Qays
2006:Tayy
1952:Kalb
1942:Jarm
1932:Bali
1864:Ka'b
1854:Amir
1800:Qays
1667:Taym
1662:Sahm
1515:Daws
1384:ISBN
1362:ISBN
1338:ISBN
1317:ISBN
1148:ISBN
1120:ISBN
1095:ISBN
1061:ISBN
1015:ISBN
934:and
914:and
900:Iraq
894:and
886:and
805:and
667:and
655:and
647:and
620:and
618:Kufa
600:and
590:Homs
572:and
546:Najd
492:and
488:the
471:Sa'd
435:and
380:ibn
376:ibn
372:ibn
351:Banū
327:Qays
305:and
293:and
277:and
259:Amir
228:áž²ays
224:Kais
220:Qays
181:Fahm
175:Amr
47:Qays
39:KEIS
32:Qais
1832:Abs
1771:Ijl
1714:Awd
1709:Ans
1640:Adi
1498:Aws
1488:Azd
1453:Akk
1448:Ê¿Äd
811:Ali
769:of
637:Fes
508:Amr
321:or
226:or
164:Abs
49:ÙÙس
2057::
1272:^
1221:^
1209:^
1185:^
1162:^
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1029:^
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965:^
910:,
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724:.
708:,
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1156:.
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1103:.
1069:.
1023:.
222:(
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41:.
34:.
20:)
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