906:. The authority comes from 36 CFR 2.17(3), which prohibits, "Delivering or retrieving a person or object by parachute, helicopter, or other airborne means, except in emergencies involving public safety or serious property loss, or pursuant to the terms and conditions of a permit." Under that Regulation, BASE is not banned, but is allowable if a permit is issued by the Superintendent. The 2001 National Park Service Management Policies state that BASE "is not an appropriate public use activity within national park areas ..." (2001 Management Policy 8.2.2.7.) However, Policy 8.2.2.7 in the 2006 volume of National Park Service Management Policies, which superseded the 2001 edition, states "Parachuting (or BASE jumping), whether from an aircraft, structure, or natural feature, is generally prohibited by 36 CFR 2.17(a)(3). However, if determined through a park planning process to be an appropriate activity, it may be allowed pursuant to the terms and conditions of a permit."
402:, direct bag, or P.C.A. (pilot chute assist). These devices form an attachment between the parachute and the jump platform, which stretches out the parachute and suspension lines as the jumper falls, before separating and allowing the parachute to inflate. This enables the very lowest jumps—below 60 metres (200 ft) to be made. It is common in the UK to jump from around the 50 metres (150 ft) mark, due to the number of low cliffs at this height. Base jumpers have been known to jump from objects as low as 30 metres (100 ft), which leaves little to no canopy time and requires an immediate flare to land safely.
422:. High BASE jumps are those which are high enough for the jumper to reach terminal velocity. High BASE jumps are often called "slider up" jumps due to the use of a slider reefing device. High BASE jumps present different hazards than low BASE jumps. With greater height and airspeed, jumpers can fly away from the cliff during freefall, allowing them to deploy their parachute far away from the cliff they jumped from and significantly reduce the chance of object striking. However, high BASE jumps also present new hazards such as complications resulting from the use of a
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jumper is unstable, there is a high risk of entanglement or malfunction. The jumper may also not be facing the right direction. Such an off-heading opening is not as problematic in skydiving, but an off-heading opening that results in object strike has caused many serious injuries and deaths in BASE jumping.
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After 1978 the filmed jumps from El
Capitan were repeated, not as an actual publicity exercise or as a movie stunt but as a true recreational activity. It was this that popularized BASE jumping more widely among parachutists. Carl Boenish continued to publish films and informational magazines on BASE
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BASE jumps are more hazardous than skydives primarily due to proximity to the object serving as the jump platform. BASE jumping frequently occurs in mountainous terrain, often having much smaller areas in which to land in comparison to a typical skydiving dropzone. BASE jumping is significantly more
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Upon completing a jump from all of the four object categories, a jumper may choose to apply for a "BASE number", awarded sequentially. The 1000th application for a BASE number was filed in March 2005 and BASE #1000 was awarded to Matt "Harley" Moilanen of Grand Rapids, Michigan. As of May 2017,
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while evading arresting park rangers, having declared "No way are they gonna get me. Let them chase me—I'll just laugh in their faces and jump in the river". Despite incidents like this one, illegal jumps continue in
Yosemite at a rate estimated at a few hundred per year, often at night or dawn. El
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BASE jumping is generally not illegal in most places. However, in some cases such as building and antenna jumps, jumping is often done covertly without the permission of owners, which can lead to charges such as trespassing. In some jurisdictions it may be permissible to use land until specifically
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BASE jumps are typically performed from much lower altitudes than in skydiving. Skydivers are required to deploy their main parachute above 610 metres (2,000 ft) altitude. BASE jumps are frequently made from less than 148 metres (486 ft). A BASE jump from a 148 metres (486 ft) object
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BASE numbers are awarded to those who have made at least one jump from each of the four categories (buildings, antennae, spans and earth). When Phil Smith and Phil
Mayfield jumped together from a Houston skyscraper on 18 January 1981, they became the first to attain the exclusive BASE numbers (BASE
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in Norway reported nine fatalities over the 11-year period from 1995 to 2005, or one in every 2,317 jumps. However, at that site, one in every 254 jumps over that period resulted in a nonfatal accident. BASE jumping is one of the most dangerous recreational activities in the world, with a fatality
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BASE jumpers use a single-parachute harness and container system. Since there is only a single parachute, BASE jumping containers are mechanically much simpler than skydiving containers. This simplicity contributes to the safety and reliability of BASE jumping gear by eliminating many malfunctions
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of the body at the moment of jumping determines the stability of flight in the first few seconds, before sufficient airspeed has built up to enable aerodynamic stability. On low BASE jumps, parachute deployment takes place during this early phase of flight. If the parachute is deployed while the
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from airplanes, BASE jumps are performed from fixed objects that are generally at much lower altitudes, and BASE jumpers only carry one parachute. BASE jumping is significantly more hazardous than other forms of parachuting and is widely considered to be one of the most dangerous
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During the early eighties nearly all BASE jumps were made using standard skydiving equipment, including two parachutes (main and reserve), and deployment components. Later on, specialized equipment and techniques were developed specifically for the unique needs of BASE jumping.
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has become a popular form of BASE jumping in recent years, that allows jumpers to glide over long horizontal distances. Tracking suits inflate like wingsuits to give additional lift to jumpers, but maintain separation of arms and legs to allow for greater mobility and safety.
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Many BASE jumps, particularly in the UK are made from around 45 metres (150 ft) due to the number of low cliffs at this height. Jumpers will use a static line method to ensure their canopy is extracted as they jump, as at this height, it is too low to freefall.
224:, and earthen objects. Jean and Carl Boenish qualified for BASE numbers 3 and 4 soon after. A separate "award" was soon enacted for Night BASE jumping when Mayfield completed each category at night, becoming Night BASE #1, with Smith qualifying a few weeks later.
921:. The New River Gorge Bridge deck is 267 metres (876 ft) above the river. This annual event attracts about 450 BASE jumpers and nearly 200,000 spectators. 1,100 jumps may occur during the six hours that it is legal, providing conditions are suitable.
928:. This program ran for three months in 1980 and then collapsed amid allegations of abuse by unauthorized jumpers. The NPS has since vigorously enforced the ban, charging jumpers with "aerial delivery into a National Park". One jumper drowned in the
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of around 3.4 kg/m (0.7 lb/sq ft). Vents are one element that make a parachute suitable for BASE jumping. BASE jumpers often use extra large pilot chutes to compensate for lower airspeed parachute deployments. On jumps from lower
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Tandem BASE jumping is when a skilled pilot jumps with a passenger attached to their front. It is similar to skydiving and is offered in the US and many other countries. Tandem BASE is becoming a more accessible and legal form of BASE jumping.
252:. However, modified skydiving gear is then prone to kinds of malfunction that are rare in normal skydiving (such as "line-overs" and broken lines). Modern purpose-built BASE jumping equipment is considered to be much safer and more reliable.
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In 1913, Russian student
Vladimir Ossovski (Владимир Оссовский), from the Saint-Petersburg Conservatory, jumped from the 53-meter high bridge over the river Seine in Rouen (France), using the parachute RK-1, invented a year before that by
519:, the sixth-highest mountain in the world, landing on a glacier approximately two minutes later at an altitude of around 6,000 metres (20,000 ft). He later died while attempting another high-altitude BASE jump in Nepal in 2017.
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The biggest difference in gear is that skydivers jump with both a main and a reserve parachute, while BASE jumpers carry only one parachute. BASE jumping parachutes are larger than skydiving parachutes and are typically flown with a
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is only about 5.6 seconds from the ground if the jumper remains in free fall. Standard skydiving parachute systems are not designed for this situation, so BASE jumpers use specially designed harnesses and parachute systems.
691:(A.K.A. Nello Irwin Greer Memorial Bridge) on Interstate 8 in San Diego County. Upon take off he held a red smoke flare in each hand. When interviewed afterward he claimed to know of no other "bridge jumpers" in the country.
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BASE competitions have been held since the early 1980s, with accurate landings or free-fall aerobatics used as the judging criteria. Recent years have seen a formal competition held at the 452 metres (1,483 ft) high
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testing his invention, the coat parachute, and died when he hit the ground. It was his first-ever attempt with the parachute and both the authorities and the spectators believed he intended to test it using a
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in New York City. Footage of their jump was recorded using head cams and can be seen on YouTube. In March 2014, the three jumpers turned themselves in. They were sentenced to community service and a fine.
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more than 1,000 meters below, setting a new world record for highest altitude base jump. He had previously jumped off mountains in Asia, Antarctica and South
America in 2004, 2007, 2008, 2010 and 2012.
192:, his wife Jean Boenish, Phil Smith and Phil Mayfield. Carl Boenish was an important catalyst behind modern BASE jumping and in 1978 he filmed jumps from El Capitan made using ram-air parachutes and the
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in
Yosemite Valley. Davis' jump was part of an organized act of civil disobedience protesting the NPS air delivery regulations (36 CFR 2.17(a)), which make BASE jumping illegal in national park areas.
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Nowadays, recognizing the sport's growing appeal and the potential for high-impact marketing, companies such as Red Bull have stepped in to sponsor athletes, further elevating the sport's profile.
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In 1979, Santee, California skydiver Roger
Worthington completed one of the first "Span" jumps when he successfully parachuted off of the newly constructed 140 metres (450 ft)
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in 1617 when he was more than 65 years old. However these and other sporadic incidents were one-time experiments, not the actual systematic pursuit of a new form of parachuting.
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in Twin Falls, Idaho, a record 201 times on July 8, 2006. In 2018 at
Eikesdalen, Norway a world record was set with 69 BASE jumpers jumping from the cliff Katthammaren.
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Low BASE jumps are those where the jumper does not reach terminal velocity. Sometimes referred to as "slider down" jumps because they are typically performed without a
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A study of BASE jumping fatalities estimated that the overall annual fatality risk in 2002 was one fatality per 60 participants. A study of 20,850 BASE jumps from the
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BASE jumps can be broadly classified into low jumps and high jumps. The primary distinguishing characteristic of low BASE jumps versus high BASE jumps is the use of a
874:, are banned because of dangerous rescue missions in the past. In Austria, jumping from mountain cliffs is generally allowed, whereas the use of bridges (such as the
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886:) or dams is generally prohibited. Australia has some of the toughest stances on BASE jumping: it specifically bans BASE jumping from certain objects, such as the
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Other records include
Captain Daniel G. Schilling setting the Guinness World Record for the most BASE jumps in a twenty-four-hour period. Schilling jumped off the
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Soreide, K; Ellingsen, CL; Knutson, V (May 2007). "How dangerous is BASE jumping? An analysis of adverse events in 20,850 jumps from the Kjerag Massif, Norway".
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In U.S. National Parks, BASE jumping is generally prohibited, unless special permission is given. Other U.S. public land, including land controlled by the
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reefing device on the parachute. The lack of a slider enables the parachute to open more quickly. Other techniques for low BASE jumps include the use of a
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In 2009, three women—29-year-old
Australian Livia Dickie, 28-year-old Venezuelan Ana Isabel Dao, and 32-year-old Norwegian Anniken Binz—BASE jumped from
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above the ground. Upon landing, Allwood discarded and secured his parachute, then used a full-sized reserve parachute to BASE jump into Hyde Park below.
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in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, judged on landing accuracy. In 2012 the World Wingsuit League held their first wingsuit BASE jumping competition in China.
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On August 26, 1992, Australians Nic Feteris and Glenn Singleman made a BASE jump from an altitude of 6,286 metres (20,623 ft) jump off Great
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On October 5, 2016, Rozov broke his own record for highest altitude BASE jump when he leapt from a height of 7,700 metres (25,300 ft) from
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When jumping from high mountains, BASE jumpers will often use special clothing to improve control and flight characteristics in the air.
196:. While BASE jumps had been made prior to that time, the El Capitan activity was the effective birth of what is now called BASE jumping.
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BASE jumps generally entail slower airspeeds than typical skydives (due to the limited altitude), a BASE jumper does not always reach
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On May 23, 2006, Australians Glenn Singleman and Heather Swan made a BASE jump from an altitude of 6,604 metres (21,667 ft) off
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799:. Skydivers use the airflow to stabilize their position. BASE jumpers, falling at lower speeds, have less aerodynamic control. The
291:. A modern ultralight BASE system including parachute, container, and harness can weigh as little as 3.9 kilograms (8.6 lb).
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472:) in Norway. It was described as the highest BASE jump. The jump was made two days before Boenish's death at the same site.
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204:. By this time the concept had spread among skydivers worldwide, with hundreds of participants making fixed-object jumps.
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that can occur with more complicated skydiving equipment. Since there is no reserve parachute, there is little need to
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On February 22, 1982, Wayne Allwood, an Australian skydiving accuracy champion, parachuted from a helicopter over the
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1484:"100 years ago Banic received a patent for his parachute" ("Pred 100 rokmi získal Štefan Banič patent na svoj padák")
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massif) from a height of 7,220 metres (23,690 ft). Using a specially-developed wingsuit, he glided down to the
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In the early days of BASE jumping, people used modified skydiving gear, such as by removing the deployment bag and
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reefing device to control the opening speed of the parachute, and whether the jumper falls long enough to reach
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As of 4 January 2023, the BASE Fatality List records 480 deaths for BASE jumping since April 1981.
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BASE Jumping adventures in the UK & Europe during the late 1980s, 1990s & early 2000s by Doug Blane
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1084:"The Freedom Tower skydivers weren't the first: Here's the insane, morbid history of urban BASE-jumping"
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2031:"Parachuting from fixed objects: descriptive study of 106 fatal events in BASE jumping 1981–2006"
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Quoting from: Gillespie, Angus K. "Twin Towers: the Life of New York City's World Trade Center."
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Go Fast Basejumper Johan Vervoort jumps from the 24 meters tall observation tower in the town of
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The legal position is different at other sites and in other countries. For example, in Norway's
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is widely believed to have been the first person to build and test a parachute, by jumping from
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Parachuting from fixed objects: descriptive study of 106 fatal events in BASE jumping 1981–2006
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1764:"Falling Angels | Anniken Binz | Blogs | Cooler – snow, surf, life & style"
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1573:"A towering work of fiction: Toronto's most famous structure narrates a novel that aims high"
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delay deploy a parachute to slow their descent and land. A popular form of BASE jumping is
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During the early days of BASE jumping, the NPS issued permits that authorized jumps from
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the exit point was 2 meters below the top of the tower, making the jump 22 meters high
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1072:, Alfred Day Rathbone, R.M. McBride & Company, 1943, University of California.
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188:. The acronym B.A.S.E. (now more commonly BASE) was later coined by filmmaker
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Many BASE jumpers are motivated to make jumps from higher objects involving
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that stands for four categories of fixed objects from which one can jump:
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1497:"Štefan Banič, Konštruktér, vynálezca (Stefan Banic, Designer, Inventor)"
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Pakistan. It was the world's highest BASE jump off the earth at the time.
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There are precursors to the sport dating back hundreds of years. In 1966
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1820:"World Trade Center parachutists fined $ 2,000 for jumping off building"
862:), BASE jumpers are made welcome. Many sites in the European Alps, near
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In September 2013, three men parachuted off the then-under-construction
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and injury rate 43 times higher than that of parachuting from a plane.
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were the first to BASE jump from the 1800-metre-high north face of the
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On October 22, 1999, Jan Davis died while attempting a BASE jump from
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1938:"Lysebotn Travel Guide: Where To Stay, What To Do, And Where To Eat"
1987:"Bridge Day 2013 – BASE Jumping Registration and Event Information"
84:) is the recreational sport of jumping from fixed objects, using a
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870:, are also open to jumpers. Some other Norwegian places, like the
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220:#1 and #2, respectively), having already jumped from an antenna,
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Westman, A; Rosen, M; Berggren, P; Bjornstig, U (7 April 2008).
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On September 11, 2013, the first Suspension BASE jump was made (
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successfully jumped from a 15-story building to demonstrate his
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913:"), permission to BASE jump has explicitly been granted at the
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Rosenblatt, Roger (July 1999). "The Whole World Is Jumpable".
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1990:
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McCallum, Jack (August 26, 1985). "Who Needs An Airplane?".
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On November 9, 1975, the first person to parachute off the
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their parachute, and many BASE harnesses do not contain a
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jumping until his death in 1984 after a BASE jump off the
1343:"Daredevil Makes Record-breaking Leap from Mount Everest"
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skied off Yosemite Valley's El Capitan, making the first
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1798:"Four men arrested in One World Trade Center jump stunt"
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Pushing the Limits: The Story of Canadian Mountaineering
684:, giving the wider world its first look at BASE jumping.
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1561:, Jul 21, 2014, Christian W Dietzel, tetongravity.com
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The world in the air: the story of flying in pictures
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Sport of jumping from fixed objects using a parachute
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1372:"BuzzVideos – 69 BASE Jumpers set new world record"
678:for the ski chase sequence of the James Bond movie
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too, but the Parisian authorities did not allow it.
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2012:"Frank Gambalie Lived and Died for BASE Jumping"
1386:"Base Jumping – history, informations and facts"
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1032:"BASE jumpers fall for thrill-seeking lifestyle"
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909:Once a year, on the third Saturday in October ("
2126:. Medicine.ox.ac.uk. 2003-05-26. Archived from
1457:"Chute mortelle d'un inventeur de un parachute"
592:(1872–1944). Ossovski planned to jump from the
1962:"Bridge BASE jumper faces charges if he lives"
1559:"The Insane Story of Skiing's First Base Jump"
1499:(in Slovak). Slovenská akadémia vied, obituary
716:became the first person to BASE jump from the
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749:became the first woman to perform a ski-BASE.
698:and landed on the small top area of Sydney's
492:in Northern India. They jumped in wingsuits.
8:
568:, tailor, jumped from the first deck of the
557:parachuted from the top of the torch of the
1748:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
561:, 93 metres (305 ft) above the ground.
346:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
231:Jumpers from a cliff wearing tracking suits
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236:over 2,000 BASE numbers have been issued.
1130:. Vol. 154, no. 3. p. 94.
1058:, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1930, pages 101–106
951:List of fatalities due to wingsuit flying
366:Learn how and when to remove this message
274:is removed for faster parachute opening.
464:first listed a BASE jumping record with
2124:"Risk of dying and sporting activities"
1648:, Calgary: Rocky Mountain Books, 2000,
1608:High-Rise Security and Fire Life Safety
1411:"Introducing the World Wingsuit League"
972:
663:parachuted from the North Tower of the
605:Kleine Zinne / Cima piccola di Lavaredo
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1610:. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 116.
1432:"Parachute Leap Off Statue Of Liberty"
808:dangerous than similar sports such as
1906:
1904:
1888:"The Last Bastion of Outdoor Outlaws"
1604:"Daredevils, Protestors and Suicides"
1304:"BASE Jumping Harness Container CXUL"
1003:"BASE Jumping Resource and Community"
756:, the highest waterfall in the world.
414:Wingsuit pilots getting ready to jump
88:to descend to the ground. BASE is an
7:
1845:"USPA Skydiver's Information Manual"
667:to publicize the plight of the poor.
344:adding citations to reliable sources
1781:NYC B.A.S.E. Jump (24 March 2014).
1520:magazine, issue 11, November 2006,
2176:. BirdBrain Publishing. July 2010.
2035:British Journal of Sports Medicine
1698:"Centrepoint Tower BASE jump 1982"
1465:(in French). 5 Feb 1912. p. 4
1030:Dizikes, Cynthia (22 April 2011).
783:BASE jumping from an antenna tower
25:
2203:Luigi Cani base jumps off a cliff
2099:10.1097/01.ta.0000239815.73858.88
1783:"NYC Freedom Tower B.A.S.E. Jump"
1670:Associated Press (8 April 1979).
1602:Geoff Craighead (July 15, 2009).
1283:"Asylum Designs BASE jumping FAQ"
1082:Dewey, Caitlin (March 25, 2014).
1989:. Bridgeday.info. Archived from
1325:"Leap from the top of the world"
1222:from the original on 11 May 2010
1005:. Basejumper.com. Archived from
316:
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1936:Iversen, Nicklas (2023-05-02).
1911:Iversen, Nicklas (2023-05-09).
1796:Haley Draznin (26 March 2014).
1374:– via www.buzzvideos.com.
599:In 1965, Erich Felbermayr from
468:'s 1984 leap from Trollveggen (
1571:Saltzman, Devyani (May 2010).
1540:Erich Felbermayr, eine Legende
1105:"Mike Pelkey – A BASE Pioneer"
941:have been used as jump sites.
127:In contrast to other forms of
1:
1890:. Outside Online. 22 Jun 2016
1486:, 24.08.2014, cas.sk (Slovak)
2267:Extreme and adventure sports
1413:. Outside Online. 2012-06-06
1349:. 2013-05-29. Archived from
1263:"Buying Your First BASE Rig"
1261:Apex BASE (16 August 2018).
576:In 1913, it is claimed that
1155:. Vol. 63, no. 9.
919:Fayetteville, West Virginia
902:has banned BASE jumping in
194:freefall tracking technique
2948:
2224:Resources for Base Jumping
2214:First Dog Ever To BaseJump
1720:"Biographie – Hannes Arch"
1107:. Paradigm Adventures, Inc
1069:He's in the paratroops now
1054:Francis Trevelyan Miller,
948:
824:A BASE jumper leaving the
503:(the northern peak of the
2744:Aggressive inline skating
1966:The Sydney Morning Herald
1577:Literary Review of Canada
849:Bureau of Land Management
775:Comparison with skydiving
168:Birth of B.A.S.E. jumping
2047:10.1136/bjsm.2008.046565
1913:"BASE Jumping In Norway"
1631:Rutgers University Press
704:300 metres (980 ft)
689:Pine Valley Creek Bridge
495:On May 5, 2013, Russian
1438:. 3 Feb 1912. p. 4
761:Power tower in Konakovo
42:BASE jump in Oman, 2013
2181:The Ground's the Limit
2173:The Great Book of BASE
915:New River Gorge Bridge
832:
784:
768:One World Trade Center
461:Guinness World Records
415:
232:
186:Yosemite National Park
58:
43:
2620:Parachuting/Skydiving
2087:The Journal of Trauma
1700:. YouTube. 2010-02-13
1329:Sydney Morning Herald
900:National Park Service
888:Sydney Harbour Bridge
823:
782:
633:On January 31, 1972,
413:
289:3-ring release system
278:Harness and container
230:
122:wingsuit BASE jumping
49:
41:
2734:Freestyle scootering
2560:Traditional climbing
2210:ESPN, Michael Abrams
2149:"BASE Fatality List"
1868:. HighestBridges.com
1785:– via YouTube.
1718:Arch, ©2016 Hannes.
681:The Spy Who Loved Me
340:improve this section
2661:Powered paragliding
2488:Whitewater kayaking
2483:Whitewater canoeing
1770:on October 1, 2009.
1676:Santa Cruz Sentinel
1516:Russian edition of
1088:The Washington Post
1044:on 18 October 2018.
904:U.S. National Parks
894:U.S. National Parks
858:(from the mountain
674:skied off Canada's
158:St Mark's Campanile
2927:Outdoor recreation
2792:Ski mountaineering
2555:Free solo climbing
2493:Whitewater rafting
2229:2017-08-15 at the
2208:A Sport to Die For
1942:thenorwayguide.com
1917:thenorwayguide.com
1545:2011-08-13 at the
1527:2006-04-23 at the
1152:Sports Illustrated
833:
785:
665:World Trade Center
659:On July 22, 1975,
564:February 4, 1912,
553:February 2, 1912,
416:
233:
59:
50:BASE jumping from
44:
2904:
2903:
2550:Big wall climbing
2298:Kite landboarding
1243:. BASENumbers.org
1241:"BASENumbers.org"
983:. BASENumbers.org
981:"BASENumbers.org"
842:Twin Falls, Idaho
836:told not to. The
830:Twin Falls, Idaho
797:terminal velocity
700:Centrepoint Tower
559:Statue of Liberty
430:Tandem BASE jumps
384:terminal velocity
376:
375:
368:
39:
16:(Redirected from
2939:
2841:Adventure racing
2815:Extreme sledding
2782:Freestyle skiing
2593:Ski-BASE jumping
2466:Technical diving
2313:Mountainboarding
2260:
2253:
2246:
2237:
2187:. December 1981.
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2120:
2111:
2110:
2082:
2071:
2070:
2069:on 1 March 2012.
2065:. Archived from
2026:
2020:
2019:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1908:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1866:"Perrine Bridge"
1862:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1766:. Archived from
1760:
1754:
1753:
1747:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1730:on 26 March 2018
1726:. Archived from
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1667:
1661:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1626:
1624:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1579:. Archived from
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1537:
1531:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1504:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1392:. 10 August 2011
1382:
1376:
1375:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1285:. Asylum Designs
1279:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1269:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1218:. Base Numbers.
1212:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1101:
1092:
1091:
1079:
1073:
1065:
1059:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1040:. Archived from
1027:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1014:
998:
992:
991:
989:
988:
977:
736:Ueli Gegenschatz
705:
702:, approximately
603:jumped from the
555:Frederick R. Law
477:Highest altitude
371:
364:
360:
357:
351:
320:
312:
83:
82:
79:
78:
75:
72:
40:
21:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2871:Obstacle racing
2856:Extreme ironing
2829:
2796:
2760:
2722:
2711:Mountain biking
2682:
2678:Wingsuit flying
2624:
2571:
2538:Alpine climbing
2497:
2422:
2379:
2269:
2264:
2231:Wayback Machine
2194:
2168:
2166:Further reading
2163:
2162:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2133:
2131:
2122:
2121:
2114:
2084:
2083:
2074:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2010:
2009:
2005:
1996:
1994:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1971:
1969:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1946:
1944:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1921:
1919:
1910:
1909:
1902:
1893:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1869:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1829:
1827:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1803:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1740:
1733:
1731:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1703:
1701:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1681:
1679:
1672:"Jumps for Joy"
1669:
1668:
1664:
1643:
1639:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1586:
1584:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1557:
1553:
1547:Wayback Machine
1538:
1534:
1529:Wayback Machine
1515:
1511:
1502:
1500:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1482:
1478:
1468:
1466:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1441:
1439:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1416:
1414:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1395:
1393:
1390:base-jumping.eu
1384:
1383:
1379:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1356:
1354:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1309:
1307:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1267:
1265:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1246:
1244:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1225:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1200:
1198:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1176:
1174:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1066:
1062:
1053:
1049:
1037:Chicago Tribune
1029:
1028:
1021:
1012:
1010:
1000:
999:
995:
986:
984:
979:
978:
974:
969:
953:
947:
896:
818:
812:from aircraft.
777:
747:Karina Hollekim
703:
628:Yosemite Valley
590:Gleb Kotelnikov
550:
542:Petronas Towers
537:
509:Rongbuk glacier
441:
432:
408:
406:High BASE jumps
392:
372:
361:
355:
352:
337:
321:
310:
301:Wingsuit flying
297:
280:
258:
242:
217:
170:
154:Fausto Veranzio
151:
146:
69:
65:
30:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2945:
2943:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2922:Jumping sports
2919:
2909:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2851:Cheese rolling
2848:
2843:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2772:Extreme skiing
2768:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2756:Roller skating
2753:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2739:Inline skating
2736:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2690:
2688:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2600:Bungee jumping
2597:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2533:Mountaineering
2530:
2529:
2528:
2526:Mixed climbing
2518:
2516:Crane climbing
2513:
2507:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2424:
2423:
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2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
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2365:
2355:
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2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2279:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2205:
2200:
2193:
2192:External links
2190:
2189:
2188:
2177:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2140:
2112:
2072:
2041:(6): 431–436.
2021:
2003:
1978:
1953:
1928:
1900:
1879:
1857:
1836:
1811:
1788:
1773:
1755:
1710:
1689:
1662:
1637:
1617:978-0080877853
1616:
1594:
1563:
1551:
1532:
1509:
1488:
1476:
1448:
1436:New York Times
1423:
1402:
1377:
1363:
1334:
1316:
1295:
1274:
1253:
1232:
1216:"Base Numbers"
1207:
1192:"BASE Jumping"
1183:
1171:BLiNC Magazine
1158:
1141:
1118:
1093:
1074:
1060:
1047:
1019:
993:
971:
970:
968:
965:
946:
943:
895:
892:
838:Perrine Bridge
826:Perrine Bridge
817:
814:
776:
773:
772:
771:
764:
757:
750:
743:
728:
721:
707:
692:
685:
672:Rick Sylvester
668:
657:
642:
635:Rick Sylvester
631:
620:Brian Schubert
616:Michael Pelkey
612:
597:
585:
574:
566:Franz Reichelt
562:
549:
546:
536:
533:
532:
531:
528:Perrine Bridge
524:
486:
485:
478:
474:
473:
457:
453:
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445:
440:
437:
431:
428:
407:
404:
391:
390:Low BASE jumps
388:
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324:
322:
315:
309:
306:
296:
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279:
276:
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254:
241:
238:
216:
213:
178:Brian Schubert
174:Michael Pelkey
169:
166:
150:
147:
145:
142:
138:extreme sports
100:(referring to
52:Sapphire Tower
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2944:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
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2915:
2914:
2912:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2891:Ultramarathon
2889:
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2735:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2725:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2704:Freestyle BMX
2702:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2676:
2674:
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2639:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2610:Cliff jumping
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2545:Rock climbing
2543:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2491:
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2467:
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2416:
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2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2363:River surfing
2361:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2353:Street luging
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2328:Skateboarding
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2318:Riverboarding
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2283:Bellyboarding
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2261:
2256:
2254:
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2247:
2242:
2241:
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2217:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2185:Texas Monthly
2182:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2150:
2144:
2141:
2130:on 2012-09-04
2129:
2125:
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2117:
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2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2093:(5): 1113–7.
2092:
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2079:
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2068:
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2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2025:
2022:
2018:. 2000-02-21.
2017:
2016:ESPN Magazine
2013:
2007:
2004:
1993:on 2012-01-17
1992:
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1883:
1880:
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1821:
1815:
1812:
1800:. CNN website
1799:
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1654:0-921102-59-3
1651:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1619:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1598:
1595:
1583:on 2012-07-08
1582:
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1391:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1373:
1367:
1364:
1353:on 2013-05-29
1352:
1348:
1347:The Telegraph
1344:
1338:
1335:
1331:. 2006-06-08.
1330:
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548:Notable jumps
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2881:Powerbocking
2876:Orienteering
2866:Fell running
2861:Extreme Pogo
2787:Speed skiing
2749:Vert skating
2673:Speed flying
2651:Hang gliding
2605:Cliff-diving
2583:BASE jumping
2582:
2521:Ice climbing
2478:Water skiing
2456:Scuba diving
2428:Water sports
2370:Wakeboarding
2343:Snowboarding
2333:Skimboarding
2323:Sandboarding
2308:Longboarding
2303:Kiteboarding
2288:Bodyboarding
2184:
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2132:. Retrieved
2128:the original
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2015:
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1991:the original
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1968:. 2005-04-14
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1826:. 2015-08-10
1824:The Guardian
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1728:the original
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1680:. Retrieved
1678:. p. 10
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1644:Chic Scott,
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1210:
1199:. Retrieved
1195:
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1175:. Retrieved
1173:. 2009-05-04
1170:
1167:"About BASE"
1161:
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1127:
1121:
1109:. Retrieved
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930:Merced River
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786:
679:
676:Mount Asgard
622:jumped from
594:Eiffel Tower
578:Štefan Banič
570:Eiffel Tower
538:
535:Competitions
514:
497:Valery Rozov
494:
487:
466:Carl Boenish
459:
433:
417:
393:
377:
362:
353:
338:Please help
326:
298:
281:
263:wing loading
259:
243:
234:
218:
215:BASE numbers
210:
206:
198:
190:Carl Boenish
180:jumped from
171:
152:
126:
62:BASE jumping
61:
60:
2932:Parachuting
2886:Slacklining
2668:Parasailing
2656:Paragliding
2615:Tombstoning
2461:Cave diving
2446:High diving
2436:Coasteering
2385:Motorsports
2375:Windsurfing
2348:Snowskating
2293:Dirtsurfing
2275:Boardsports
1724:Hannes Arch
1623:February 4,
1549:(in German)
866:and on the
754:Angel Falls
732:Hannes Arch
499:jumped off
400:static line
250:pilot chute
129:parachuting
102:radio masts
2917:Air sports
2911:Categories
2896:Zip-lining
2777:Freeriding
2699:BMX racing
2641:Air racing
2636:Aerobatics
2567:Skyrunning
2473:Snorkeling
2451:Jet Skiing
2441:Freediving
2413:Rally raid
2403:Rallycross
2338:Skysurfing
2154:2020-02-14
2134:2014-02-04
1997:2014-02-04
1972:2018-10-17
1947:2023-05-26
1922:2023-05-26
1894:2020-02-12
1872:26 January
1850:26 January
1830:2023-04-01
1704:2014-02-04
1682:29 January
1503:2010-10-21
1442:2020-06-04
1417:2020-03-06
1396:2016-10-10
1357:2013-05-29
1310:2020-02-14
1306:. Squirrel
1289:2020-01-28
1268:2020-10-01
1247:2017-05-19
1226:2010-05-18
1201:2024-04-05
1177:2023-06-15
1013:2014-02-03
987:2014-02-03
967:References
949:See also:
926:El Capitan
911:Bridge Day
872:Troll Wall
725:El Capitan
714:Eric Jones
696:Sydney CBD
624:El Capitan
470:Troll Wall
202:Troll Wall
182:El Capitan
149:Precursors
131:, such as
2810:Bobsleigh
2588:Free BASE
2511:Canyoning
2398:Motocross
1136:0040-781X
1001:Sangiro.
935:Half Dome
933:Capitan,
880:Innsbruck
856:Lysefjord
810:skydiving
745:In 2005,
730:In 2000,
709:In 1986,
670:In 1976,
614:In 1966,
609:Dolomites
582:parachute
490:Meru Peak
449:Herentals
420:free fall
356:July 2023
327:does not
308:Technique
268:altitudes
256:Parachute
240:Equipment
133:skydiving
94:buildings
86:parachute
18:Base jump
2825:Skeleton
2802:Sledding
2716:Downhill
2503:Climbing
2418:Snocross
2408:Rallying
2393:Drifting
2227:Archived
2107:17495709
2063:22586192
2055:18523039
1804:29 March
1744:cite web
1734:26 March
1587:26 March
1543:Archived
1525:Archived
1462:Le Temps
1220:Archived
1196:Red Bull
1111:26 March
864:Chamonix
816:Legality
801:attitude
711:Welshman
646:CN Tower
501:Changtse
424:wingsuit
295:Clothing
285:cut-away
118:freefall
98:antennas
56:Istanbul
2727:Rolling
2687:Cycling
2646:Gliding
2576:Falling
2358:Surfing
1469:12 July
654:Ontario
650:Toronto
626:in the
607:in the
584:design.
517:Cho Oyu
456:Biggest
439:Records
348:removed
333:sources
144:History
110:bridges
90:acronym
2846:Caving
2834:Others
2765:Skiing
2629:Flying
2105:
2061:
2053:
1658:p. 298
1652:
1633:, 1999
1614:
1134:
945:Safety
937:, and
860:Kjerag
573:dummy.
444:Lowest
396:slider
380:slider
272:slider
270:, the
246:slider
162:Venice
114:cliffs
2059:S2CID
884:Tirol
878:near
868:Eiger
740:Eiger
718:Eiger
523:Other
222:spans
106:spans
2820:Luge
2103:PMID
2051:PMID
1874:2020
1852:2020
1806:2014
1750:link
1736:2018
1684:2022
1650:ISBN
1625:2014
1612:ISBN
1589:2012
1471:2013
1132:ISSN
1128:Time
1113:2012
898:The
734:and
618:and
601:Wels
331:any
329:cite
176:and
2694:BMX
2183:".
2095:doi
2043:doi
1522:GEO
1518:GEO
917:in
840:in
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648:in
342:by
184:in
160:in
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