413:, but has a very simple leaded pattern and includes much natural foliage. The windows of the choir, and others in the church, date to the original glazing of 1264–66. They were badly damaged during the fire of 1266, but still show two rows of full color figures. Jane Hayward considers that the windows "exhibit the reuse of surviving figures by two masters, one preferring elongated figures in broad-fold drapery ... and the other more archaic and regional (with leaded-in eyes)." For some reason the windows did not depict either Saint Cecilia or Saint Urban, although tapestries to these saints were meant to be hung in the choir. The original windows were restored in 1992 by Le Vitrail of Troyes. The other windows date to the late 19th or early 20th centuries.
633:
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232:. The builders encountered resistance from the nuns of the nearby abbey, who caused considerable damage during construction. Much of the building took place in the 13th century, and some of the stained glass dates to that period, but completion of the church was delayed for many years due to war or lack of funding. Statuary includes excellent examples of the 16th century Troyes school. The vaulted roof and the west facade were only completed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It has been listed since 1840 as a
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583:(1840–1916) finished the upper part of the nave at the end of the 19th century according to the original plan. In the late 20th century the apse and its windows were completely restored. Between 1890 and 1905 the upper vault and buttresses of the nave were completed and the porch of the facade was added. The portal which covers the west side of the church was completed in 1905.
52:
1292:
525:, supervised the continued construction. The church was built from east to west. The choir and transept were erected quickly between 1264 and 1266. The main altar was dedicated in October 1265. Visitors to the church on 25 May 1266, the saint's feast day, were granted an indulgence of one year and forty days.
288:
Saint-Urbain is a classic example of French Gothic architecture of this period. The exterior has perforated gables with sharp points, narrow buttresses with many pinnacles, and openwork flying buttresses. The effect is visually complex, perhaps discordant. The main structural elements are built from
570:
the church was used as a granary and then as a store for distribution of supplies. In 1802 the building again became a parish church. The baptismal font comes from the Saint-Jacques-aux-Nonnains church. All the furniture of this church was sold during the
Revolution. A few years later the font was
557:
excommunicated Ode de Pougy and her associates. Construction continued despite the opposition of the nuns and the lack of money. The envelope wall and the easternmost bay of the nave were added before work stopped at the end of the 13th century. Work resumed in the late 14th century, when two more
541:
sent a gang to the site that destroyed as much as possible. The doors were broken off, the high altar and capitals broken, the columns vandalized and the carpenters' tools and material confiscated. New doors were installed, which were also broken and removed soon after. A few months later a fire
503:
for the church, but left much discretion to the artist. The tapestries were apparently never woven. In 1783 J. C. Courtalon-Delaistre wrote of the church, "Old tapestries representing the life of Urban IV surround the choir. Here you see his father working at the craft of shoemaker and his mother
558:
bays were added to the nave, and a simple wooden shell was added to serve as a vault over the unfinished portion. The church was consecrated on 1 July 1389 while still unfinished. The main section of the church was not finished until the 16th century, and the tower was not completed until 1630.
536:
The Abbey of Notre Dame aux
Nonnains had great power and privileges in Troyes. A collegiate church that would be outside its jurisdiction and directly under the Holy See was a serious threat. In 1266, when the date on which Saint-Urbain would be consecrated had already been decided, the abbess
324:
The interior walls have two different patterns. The apse has two levels of glass windows, which create a luminous area around the altar, above a plain masonry base. There is a walkway on the lower level behind an open tracery screen whose mullions rise to the clerestory above. The sanctuary,
336:(1814–79), who led the Gothic revival of the 19th century, considered that Saint-Urbain represented the finest example of the system of construction in which the columns that support the vault extend continuously into the arches of the vault, without the massive Romanesque
477:, with more elaborate hair styles, more natural poses and richer clothing. The statue of the Vierge aux Raisins in the chapel on the south aisle is an excellent example of the Troyes school of the 16th century. However, some of the studios in Troyes, such as those of the
325:
transept and nave have a strongly built arcade at the lower level supported by composite piers, above which rises a clerestory of similar height. The two patterns are unified by the framework of rectilinear wall sections and the grid of vertical and horizontal elements.
408:
glass. This system is used for narrative depictions in both the upper and lower levels. Viollet le Duc dated the stained glass in the church to around 1295, but the ornament in its borders and grisaille is from an earlier tradition. It has a cross-hatched ground, as in
436:
of Saint-Urbain, which dates to 1265, is unusually large. This is a carved stone recess in the choir where the ampoules containing holy oils are placed, pierced with holes through which waters used in purification ceremonies are poured. The Saint-Urbain
445:
decorations of three scenes: Jesus blessing the Virgin in the centre, Urban IV presenting the church choir to the left and
Cardinal Ancher presenting the transept to the right. Above these decorations, which were damaged during the
403:
The sober, elegant interior of the church is filled with light from the huge windows. The original church glazing followed the new band window style, with colored compositions in large rectangular fields surrounded by bright
465:(1337–1453). With the return of peace in the mid-15th century the city recovered, and its workshops making sculpture, paintings and stained glass flourished. The sculptural style from before the wars was revived, with the
601:
spikes occur during Sunday masses, when large volumes of outside air are admitted, while
Elemental Carbon (EC) pollution is primarily caused by candle burning. The effect on the stained glass is not yet understood.
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521:
The pope gave the architect Jean
Langlois a huge amount of money to undertake the work. Construction probably began in 1263. Although Pope Urban IV died the next year his nephew,
632:
450:, is a carved representation of armed soldiers, clergymen and workers struggling to defend the walls of a medieval town against enemies. There is a magnificent 13th-century
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1646:
276:, his patron saint. For the church site, Urban IV purchased several houses around the building that had housed his father's workshop. The property had belonged to the
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The building does not aim for monumental effect, as with earlier Gothic buildings, but instead has been called a "delicate glass cage". The architect eliminated the
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260:–1264) was the son of a shoemaker in Troyes. He studied at the Cathedral school for a short period, then moved to Paris to study theology at the
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No more work was done for many years, and the structure deteriorated. Fourteen houses were built against the church walls. During the
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tradition of clean lines, simple facial expression and sober garments. Starting in the 1530s the influence of artists from the
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After the fire a new architect continued the work, but was short of funds. In 1268 the nuns hired armed men who prevented the
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1935:
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in 1264, although he had wanted to be buried in the church at Troyes. His remains were transferred to the church in 1935.
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A project to fully restore the building was initiated in 1846. The abutting houses were removed. The architect
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481:, resisted these innovations and continued to create works of great quality in the pure Gothic tradition.
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499:–1514) gave instructions for the design of tapestries that would depict the legends of Saint Urban and
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1137:, Media Center for Art History, Columbia University; Art Department, Vassar College, archived from
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found in the courtyard of a house in Troyes, where it was being used as a curbstone for a well.
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winding her distaff. They were made in 1525, at the expense of the canon Claude de Lirey called
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272:. In May 1262 he announced that he would build a cathedral in Troyes dedicated to
474:
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of earlier periods. Saint-Urbain has been called the "Parthenon of
Champagne".
466:
314:
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A one-year study of air pollution inside the church in 2002–03 showed that CO
87:
74:
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began to spread in the region. The style evolved under the influence of the
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1968:
Basilica of the
Immaculate Conception, Abbey of St Michael of Frigolet
1302:
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1347:
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broke out that destroyed the wooden parts of the walls and the roof.
306:
221:
107:
1152:
Pastan, Elizabeth Carson; White, Stephen D.; Gilbert, Kate (2014),
527:
420:
1865:
Basilica of the Holy
Saviour and Our Lady of Miracles and Virtues
812:
810:
808:
806:
1647:
Basilica of Our Lady of the
Immaculate Conception (Upper Church)
310:
294:
1306:
1504:
athedral
Basilica of Our Lady of Grace and the Holy Sepulchre
594:
elevated the church to the rank of a minor basilica in 1964.
268:
in 1255. He was elected pope in 1261 and chose the name of
1115:, Beaux Livres (in French), Éditions Mengès, p. 225,
793:
791:
770:
264:. He rose through the church hierarchy and was appointed
224:, France. It was a collegial church, endowed in 1262 by
51:
1036:
The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture
305:
that does not project from the side walls and a stubby
1182:(in French), Roy, Dominique, photography, p. 64,
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Basilique Saint-Urbain, Troyes : Guide de visite
1088:
The Troyes Memoire: The Making of a Medieval Tapestry
893:
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is accessed through two high windows above which are
1721:
Basilica of Our Lady of Aiguebelle, Aiguebelle Abbey
1155:
The Bayeux Tapestry and Its Contexts: A Reassessment
1011:"Basilique Saint-Urbain de Troyes - Sites Religieux"
737:
735:
733:
731:
671:
lifted the excommunication of Ode de Pougy in 1283.
1963:
Cathedral Basilica of St Gervasius and St Protasius
1356:
1059:Janson, Horst Woldemar; Janson, Anthony F. (2003),
816:
202:
192:
184:
172:
167:
157:
147:
139:
134:
122:
114:
103:
21:
938:
216:(Basilica of Saint Urban of Troyes), formerly the
1959:Basilica of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception
1767:Cathedral Basilica of St Cyriacus and St Julietta
1868:Basilica of St Albinus and Our Lady of Good News
1129:Murray, Stephen; Tallon, Andrew; O'Neill, Rory,
553:from blessing the new cemetery. On 15 July 1268
1921:Basilica of St Louis-Marie Grignion de Montfort
783:Basilique Saint-Urbain ... Visiter la Champagne
228:. It is a classic example of late 13th century
1858:Basilica of St Remigius (Abbey of St Remigius)
994:. Office de Tourisme de Troyes. Archived from
220:, is a massive medieval church in the city of
2020:Basilica of St Mary Magdalene (VĂ©zelay Abbey)
1772:Cathedral Basilica of St Mary and St Reparata
1318:
723:Basilique Saint-Urbain ... Office de Tourisme
8:
1780:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady and St Castor
1710:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady and St Privat
1456:Cathedral Basilica of St John the Evangelist
1414:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady and St Vedast
1225:Marguerite Bourgeoys and Montreal, 1640-1665
974:
828:
1726:Cathedral Basilica of St Peter and St Paul
1688:Basilica of St Victor (Abbey of St Victor)
1657:Basilica of St Pius X (Underground Church)
1525:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Chartres
1432:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of the Doms
1325:
1311:
1303:
27:
18:
1831:Cathedral Basilica of St John the Baptist
1661:Basilica of St Martin of the Sacred Heart
1517:Cathedral Basilica of St Francis de Sales
1439:Basilica of St Gervasius and St Protasius
864:
852:
797:
626:Church from the south in the 19th century
461:made Troyes a prosperous city before the
1623:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Le Puy
1587:Basilica of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart
1113:Viollet-le-Duc ou les délires du système
876:
614:Church from the west in the 19th century
317:. The building makes spectacular use of
1803:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Paris
1793:Basilica of Our Lady, Mont Sainte-Odile
1751:Basilica of St Donatius and St Rogatius
962:
926:
840:
678:
661:
604:
342:
1822:Basilica of Our Lady of Perpetual Help
1776:Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption
1756:Old Cathedral of St Just and St Pastor
1643:Basilica of Our Lady of the Good Guard
1366:Cathedral Basilica of the Holy Saviour
2003:Basilica of Our Lady of the Holy Cord
1999:Cathedral Basilica of St Apollinarius
1892:Basilica of St Benedict, Fleury Abbey
1808:Basilica of St Clotilde and St Valery
1652:Basilica of the Rosary (Lower Church)
1509:Basilica of St Nazarius and St Celsus
1461:Basilica of SS Ferreolus and Ferrutio
1422:Cathedral Basilica of St Mary of Auch
1062:History of Art: The Western Tradition
7:
1888:Basilica of Our Lady of Good Succour
1788:Cathedral Basilica of the Holy Cross
1714:Basilica of St Michael the Archangel
1596:Basilica of Our Lady of Good Succour
1529:Basilica of Our Lady of the Children
1475:Basilica of Our Lady of Good Succour
1468:Basilica of Our Lady of Bon-Encontre
1446:Cathedral Basilica of St Christopher
1269:A History of Design in Painted Glass
950:
897:
741:
692:, Ministère français de la Culture.
532:Interior looking west from the choir
1976:Basilica of Our Lady of the Daurade
1854:Basilica of Our Lady of Deliverance
1683:Cathedral Basilica of St Mary Major
1593:Basilica of Our Lady of Thierenbach
1555:Basilica of Our Lady of Deliverance
1465:Basilica of Our Lady of the Trinity
1199:Air Pollution and Cultural Heritage
2086:Monuments historiques of Grand Est
2024:Basilica of Our Lady of the Willow
1874:Basilica of Our Lady of Rocamadour
1730:Basilica of Our Lady of the Tables
1611:Basilica of Our Lady of La Salette
1599:Basilica of Our Lady of Montligeon
1266:Westlake, Nat Hubert John (1882),
14:
2081:Roman Catholic churches in Troyes
1871:Basilica of St Amabilis, Ricomage
1850:Cathedral Basilica of St Corentin
1818:Basilica of Our Lady of Victories
1668:Basilica of Our Lady of Fourvière
1635:Basilica of Our Lady of Marceille
1614:Basilica of Our Lady of Avénières
1608:Basilica of St John Francis Regis
1564:Basilica of Our Lady of the White
1371:Basilica of Our Lady of Brebières
992:"Basilique Saint-Urbain (13th C)"
586:Urbain IV had been buried in the
2053:
2034:
1931:Basilica of Our Lady of Miracles
1917:Basilica of Our Lady of the Laus
1897:Cathedral Basilica of St Stephen
1705:Cathedral Basilica of St Stephen
1701:Basilica of Our Lady of Miracles
1698:Basilica of Our Lady of Miracles
1584:Basilica of Our Lady of Paradise
1580:Basilica of Our Lady, Marienthal
1539:Basilica of Our Lady of the Port
1521:Basilica of Our Lady of Mézières
1490:Basilica of Our Lady of Boulogne
1427:Cathedral Basilica of St Lazarus
1376:Cathedral Basilica of St Cecilia
1297:Basilique Saint-Urbain de Troyes
1290:
1249:"Troyes, basilique Saint-Urbain"
939:Pastan, White & Gilbert 2014
643:
631:
619:
607:
381:
369:
357:
345:
278:Abbey of Notre Dame aux Nonnains
214:Basilique Saint-Urbain de Troyes
58:Basilique Saint-Urbain de Troyes
50:
43:
22:Basilique Saint-Urbain de Troyes
2027:Basilica of Our Lady of the Oak
1972:Basilica of St Francis de Sales
1945:Basilica of Our Lady of Victory
1885:Basilica of Sainte-Anne-d'Auray
1846:Basilica of Our Lady of Buglose
1784:Basilica of Our Lady of Orcival
1744:Basilica of Our Lady of Lourdes
1590:Basilica of Our Lady of Roncier
1532:Basilica of St John the Baptist
1499:Basilica of Our Lady of Ceignac
1380:Basilica of Our Lady of Alençon
1228:, McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP,
1196:Saiz-Jimenez, C. (2004-08-15),
1033:Hourihane, Colum (2012-12-06),
2015:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady
2007:Cathedral Basilica of St Peter
1955:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady
1905:Cathedral Basilica of St Peter
1878:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady
1843:Basilica of Our Lady of Prayer
1836:Cathedral Basilica of St Peter
1826:Cathedral Basilica of St Front
1734:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady
1673:Basilica of St Martin of Ainay
1631:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady
1627:Basilica of Our Lady of Liesse
1451:Basilica of Our Lady of Sewing
1442:Basilica of Our Lady of Beaune
1436:Basilica of Our Lady of Avioth
1384:Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady
1065:, Prentice Hall Professional,
771:Troyes, basilique Saint-Urbain
1:
2091:Gothic architecture in France
1678:Basilica of Our Lady of Guard
1618:Basilica of Our Lady of Épine
1561:Basilica of Our Lady of Épine
1543:Basilica of Our Lady of Cléry
1388:Basilica of St Mary Magdalene
1111:LĂ©niaud, Jean-Michel (1994),
493:
309:that ends in three polygonal
254:
1951:Basilica of Our Lady of Zion
1901:Basilica of Our Lady of Hope
1882:Basilica of the Sacred Heart
1813:Basilica of the Sacred Heart
1798:Basilica of the Sacred Heart
1741:Basilica of the Sacred Heart
1695:Basilica of St Peter Fourier
1692:Basilica of the Sacred Heart
1602:Basilica of Our Lady of Pity
1576:Basilica of Our Lady of Help
1573:Basilica of the Sacred Heart
1549:Basilica of Our Lady of Dole
1546:Basilica of the Holy Saviour
1535:Basilica of the Holy Trinity
1158:, Boydell & Brewer Ltd,
1131:"Troyes, Église Saint-Urbai"
817:Murray, Tallon & O'Neill
2096:Basilica churches in France
1840:Basilica of Our Lady of Joy
1017:(in French). Archived from
289:a resistant limestone from
2112:
1552:Basilica of St Joan of Arc
1391:Basilica of the Visitation
1222:Simpson, Patricia (1997),
638:From the southeast in 2014
364:Stained glass of the choir
240:French Ministry of Culture
2043:
2032:
1513:Basilica of St Maxellende
1338:
69:
38:
26:
1914:Basilica of St Eutropius
1480:Basilica of St Severinus
1409:Basilica of St Trophimus
1091:, Boydell & Brewer,
829:Janson & Janson 2003
471:Château de Fontainebleau
1981:Basilica of St Saturnin
1936:Old Cathedral of St Pol
1926:Basilica of St Nicholas
1862:Basilica of St Clotilde
1747:Basilica of St Nicholas
1485:Basilica of St. Michael
1272:, J. Parker and Company
2060:Catholicism portal
1948:Basilica of St Andoche
1941:Basilica of St Quentin
1717:Basilica of St Vincent
1639:Basilica of St Theresa
1558:Basilica of St Maurice
1178:Rivière, Rémi (2001),
650:Interior towards choir
533:
429:
428:('Virgin with Grapes')
411:Merton College, Oxford
321:and attenuated forms.
266:Patriarch of Jerusalem
88:48.298128°N 4.076547°E
16:Church in Aube, France
1989:Basilica of St Tudwal
1985:Basilica of St Martin
1570:Basilica of St Joseph
1495:Basilica of St Julian
1418:Basilica of St Sixtus
1394:Basilica of St Joseph
1135:Mapping Gothic France
531:
424:
399:Stained glass windows
334:Eugène Viollet-le-Duc
2011:Basilica of Our Lady
1994:Basilica of St Urban
1910:Basilica of St Peter
1763:Basilica of St James
1738:Basilica of St Aprus
1664:Basilica of St Peter
1605:Basilica of Our Lady
1567:Basilica of Our Lady
1405:Basilica of St Denis
1402:Basilica of Our Lady
1299:at Wikimedia Commons
1015:Visiter la Champagne
173:Heritage designation
1760:Basilica of St Paul
1333:Basilicas of France
1253:Patrimoine-histoire
1085:Kane, Tina (2010),
696:Eglise Saint-Urbain
235:monument historique
230:Gothic architecture
218:Église Saint-Urbain
178:Monument historique
93:48.298128; 4.076547
84: /
1471:Basilica of St Ann
1398:Basilica of St Ann
547:Archbishop of Tyre
534:
479:Maitre de Chaource
463:Hundred Years' War
430:
426:Vierge aux raisins
185:Architectural type
2068:
2067:
1295:Media related to
1235:978-0-7735-1641-0
1209:978-1-4822-8399-0
1165:978-1-84383-941-5
1098:978-1-84383-570-7
1072:978-0-13-182895-7
1046:978-0-19-539536-5
975:Saiz-Jimenez 2004
588:Perugia Cathedral
568:French Revolution
551:Bishop of Auxerre
454:on the pediment.
448:French Revolution
251:Jacques Pantaléon
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1343:Catholic Church
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555:Pope Clement IV
523:Cardinal Ancher
519:
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459:Champagne fairs
419:
401:
396:
389:
386:
377:
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313:. There is no
286:
257:
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129:Catholic Church
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2048:Basilicas list
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2017:
2012:
2009:
2004:
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1991:
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1983:
1978:
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1970:
1965:
1960:
1957:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
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1907:
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1315:
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1301:
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1286:
1285:External links
1283:
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987:
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955:
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902:
881:
869:
867:, p. 194.
865:Hourihane 2012
857:
855:, p. 121.
853:Hourihane 2012
845:
833:
821:
802:
800:, p. 172.
798:Hourihane 2012
787:
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727:
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669:Pope Martin IV
660:
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452:Last Judgement
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1205:
1202:, CRC Press,
1201:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1189:2-907894-26-9
1185:
1181:
1176:
1167:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1141:on 2015-09-28
1140:
1136:
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1127:
1124:
1122:2-8562-0340-X
1118:
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1090:
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1074:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1057:
1048:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1031:
1021:on 2015-12-22
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
998:on 2015-12-22
997:
993:
989:
988:
983:
977:, p. 26.
976:
971:
968:
965:, p. 16.
964:
959:
956:
953:, p. 56.
952:
947:
944:
941:, p. 15.
940:
935:
932:
928:
923:
921:
919:
917:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
903:
900:, p. 55.
899:
894:
892:
890:
888:
886:
882:
879:, p. 99.
878:
877:Westlake 1882
873:
870:
866:
861:
858:
854:
849:
846:
842:
837:
834:
830:
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822:
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784:
779:
776:
772:
767:
765:
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
753:
751:
747:
744:, p. 54.
743:
738:
736:
734:
732:
728:
724:
719:
717:
715:
713:
711:
709:
707:
705:
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629:
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572:
569:
561:
559:
556:
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548:
543:
540:
530:
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524:
516:
511:
509:
507:
502:
501:Saint Cecilia
491:
490:Pierre Desrey
484:
482:
480:
476:
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468:
464:
460:
455:
453:
449:
444:
440:
435:
427:
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384:
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322:
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308:
304:
300:
296:
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283:
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270:Pope Urban IV
267:
263:
252:
245:
243:
241:
237:
236:
231:
227:
226:Pope Urban IV
223:
219:
215:
205:
201:
197:
195:
191:
187:
183:
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166:
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160:
156:
153:
152:Pope Urban IV
150:
146:
142:
138:
133:
130:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
106:
102:
97:
68:
46:
37:
30:
25:
20:
1993:
1274:, retrieved
1268:
1257:, retrieved
1252:
1239:, retrieved
1224:
1213:, retrieved
1198:
1179:
1169:, retrieved
1154:
1143:, retrieved
1139:the original
1134:
1112:
1102:, retrieved
1087:
1076:, retrieved
1061:
1050:, retrieved
1035:
1023:. Retrieved
1019:the original
1014:
1000:. Retrieved
996:the original
970:
963:Simpson 1997
958:
946:
934:
927:Rivière 2001
872:
860:
848:
841:LĂ©niaud 1994
836:
824:
778:
686:Base Mérimée
681:
664:
596:
592:Pope Paul VI
585:
578:
565:
544:
539:Ode de Pougy
535:
520:
517:Construction
505:
488:
456:
438:
433:
431:
425:
402:
327:
323:
287:
249:
233:
217:
213:
211:
176:
168:Architecture
124:Denomination
1255:(in French)
1039:, OUP USA,
694:(in French)
575:Restoration
497: 1450
475:Renaissance
297:with three
274:Saint Urban
258: 1195
203:Years built
159:Consecrated
91: /
33:West façade
2075:Categories
1276:2015-12-16
1259:2015-12-16
1241:2015-12-16
1215:2015-12-16
1171:2015-12-16
1145:2015-12-16
1104:2015-12-16
1078:2015-12-16
1052:2015-12-16
1025:2015-12-15
1002:2015-12-16
690:PA00078261
506:Boullanger
352:Floor plan
315:ambulatory
148:Founder(s)
76:48°17′53″N
951:Kane 2010
898:Kane 2010
742:Kane 2010
417:Sculpture
406:grisaille
330:triforium
284:Structure
206:1262–1905
79:4°04′36″E
831:, PT337.
549:and the
485:Tapestry
338:capitals
303:transept
291:Tonnerre
262:Sorbonne
188:Basilica
104:Location
984:Sources
512:History
443:trefoil
439:piscine
434:piscine
388:Porches
319:tracery
246:Origins
238:by the
140:Founded
135:History
115:Country
1358:France
1348:France
1232:
1206:
1186:
1162:
1119:
1095:
1069:
1043:
467:Gothic
307:chevet
222:Troyes
198:Gothic
118:France
110:, Aube
108:Troyes
656:Notes
562:Decay
394:Decor
311:apses
194:Style
1230:ISBN
1204:ISBN
1184:ISBN
1160:ISBN
1117:ISBN
1093:ISBN
1067:ISBN
1041:ISBN
457:The
432:The
376:Nave
301:, a
299:bays
295:nave
212:The
163:1389
143:1262
508:".
2077::
1251:,
1133:,
1013:.
905:^
884:^
805:^
790:^
749:^
730:^
701:^
688::
494:c.
280:.
255:c.
242:.
1502:C
1326:e
1319:t
1312:v
1028:.
1005:.
929:.
843:.
819:.
785:.
773:.
725:.
599:2
492:(
253:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
