3407:
3145:
3253:
3183:, a celebratory meal with family, friends, and members of the community, the bar mitzvah boy delivering on this occasion a learned discourse or oration at the table before the invited guests, who offer him presents, while the rabbi or teacher gives him his blessing, accompanying it at times with an address. Some Jews celebrate in other ways such as taking the bat or bar mitzvah on a special trip or organizing some special event in the celebrant's honour. In many communities, the celebrant is given a certificate.
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In May, 1992, the board of trustees of the Union of
American Hebrew Congregations (now the Union for Reform Judaism), the synagogue arm of the Reform Movement, unanimously passed a resolution decrying "excesses of wasteful consumption...glitzy theme events, sophisticated entertainment...and expensive
3369:
There are documents that record an
Italian rite for becoming bat mitzvah, known as an "entrance into the minyan" ceremony, in which boys of thirteen and girls of twelve recited a blessing, since the mid-19th century. There were also some bat mitzvah rituals held in the 19th century in Iraq. However,
3235:
The cost of the party depends upon what the family is willing and able to spend. Some families spend tens, or even hundreds, of thousands of dollars on the party. Generally speaking, these celebrations are less costly and elaborate than a wedding in that family. In addition to food and drink for the
3466:
Bar or bat mitzvah celebrations have become an occasion to give the celebrant a commemorative gift. Traditionally, common gifts include books with religious or educational value, religious items, writing implements, savings bonds (to be used for the child's college education), gift certificates, or
3442:
Among some Jews, a man who has reached the age of 83 will celebrate a second bar mitzvah, under the logic that in the Hebrew Bible it says that a normal lifespan is 70 years, so that an 83-year-old can be considered 13 in a second lifetime. This ritual is becoming more common as people live longer,
3353:
described the bat mitzvah celebration as "meaningless", and of no greater halakhic significance than a birthday party. However, he reluctantly permitted it in homes, but not synagogues, as the latter would be construed as imitating Reform and
Conservative customs; in any case, they do not have the
3115:
Some communities or families may delay the celebration for reasons such as availability of a
Shabbat during which no other celebration has been scheduled, or to allow family members to travel to the event. However, this does not delay the onset of rights and responsibilities of being a Jewish adult
2564:
at 12. In most Reform, Reconstructionist, and
Conservative communities, the milestone is 13 regardless of gender. After this point, children are also held responsible for knowing Jewish ritual law, tradition, and ethics, and are able to participate in all areas of Jewish community life to the same
3007:
to launch the B'nai
Mitzvah Revolution, an effort to shift Reform congregations away from "the long-held assumption that religious school is about preparing kids for their bar/bat mitzvah" and focus instead on teaching them how to become committed and involved members of the Jewish community.
2999:
According to Rabbi Mark
Washofsky, "The Reform Movement in North America has struggled over the bar/bat mitzvah. At one time, this ceremony was on the verge of extinction in Reform congregations. Most of them preferred to replace bar/bat mitzvah with confirmation, which they considered a more
3438:
movement in Israel also encouraged the celebration of the bar mitzvah. All those coming of age in the community for that year would take on a project and research in a topic of Jewish or
Zionist interest. Today many kibbutz children are opting for a more traditional bar mitzvah celebration.
3221:
In 1979, the
Responsa Committee of the Central Conference of American Rabbis addressed the Reform attitude toward bat/bar mitzvah: "Every effort should be exerted to maintain the family festivities in the religious mood at the bar/bat mitzvah. Some of the efforts of early Reform in favor of
3504:
While the traditional age to hold a bar or bat mitzvah is 13 for boys and 12 or 13 for girls, some adults choose to have a bar or bat mitzvah if they do not have them as children, alongside the previously mentioned non-traditional ceremony of having a second bar mitzvah when one turns 83.
3454:, as in the Jewish traditional bar and bat mitzvahs. The term has been in use since at least 1958, when Beverly Hills couple Janet and Sonny Salter held a bark mitzvah for their 13 year old dog, Windy. Bark mitzvahs are sometimes held as an adjunct to the festival of
3140:
begins when a boy reaches bar mitzvah age. The common custom is for the bar mitzvah boy to begin putting on tefillin one to three months before his bar mitzvah. This way, by the time he is obligated in the commandment, he will already know how to fulfill it properly.
3365:
There were occasional attempts to recognize a girl's coming of age in eastern Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries, the former in Warsaw (1843) and the latter in
Lemberg (1902). The occasion was marked by a party without any ritual in the synagogue.
4766:...Orthodox leaders resisted the "innovation" and impulse to be "with it." In fact, as late as the 1970s, only the most accommodating Orthodox rabbis permitted bat mitzvah ceremonies, and they allowed just the most modest sort of occasions...
3222:
confirmation against bar mitzvah were prompted by the extravagant celebration of bar mitzvah, which had removed its primary religious significance. We vigorously oppose such excesses, as they destroy the meaning of bar/bat mitzvah."
2807:, the other to the house of idols. Regarding this, Rabbi Eleazar remarks, 'Until the 13th year it is the father's duty to train his boy; after this, he must say: "Blessed be He who has taken from me the responsibility for this boy!
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extent as adults. In some Jewish communities, men's and women's roles differ in certain respects. For example, in Orthodox Judaism, once a boy turns 13, it is permitted to count him for the purpose of determining whether there is a
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or may only be ba'al korei for the haftorah, without reading from the Torah at all. Any of these undertakings involves a steep learning curve and much practice, possibly taking a year of study, and is an impressive accomplishment.
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where this is appropriate. Jewelry is a common gift for girls at a bat mitzvah celebration. Another gift for the bat mitzvah girl is Shabbat candlesticks because it is the duty and honor of the woman to light the candles.
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As the ceremony became accepted for females as well as males, many women chose to celebrate the ceremony even though they were much older, as a way of formalizing and celebrating their place in the adult Jewish community.
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4487:
3197:
Bar and bat mitzvah parties among wealthy Jewish families in North America are often lavish affairs held at hotels and country clubs with hundreds of guests. The trend has been mocked, most notably in the movie
3000:
enlightened and appropriate ceremony for modern Jews. Yet the enduring popularity of bar/bat mitzvah prevailed and today, in our communities, bar/bat mitzvah is 'virtually universally observed' by Reform Jews."
3426:
prefer a research paper on a topic in Jewish history to mark their coming of age. Secular Jewish Sunday schools and communities—including those affiliated with the Congress of Secular Jewish Organizations and
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to those that have reached the age of 13. This seems to imply that, at the time of the composition of the Midrash the bar mitzvah publicly pronounced a blessing on the occasion of his entrance upon maturity.
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Girls may have an aliyah in Reform, Reconstructionist, and Conservative Jewish synagogues. In Orthodox synagogues, aliyot were and typically still are restricted to boys, with a girl potentially giving a
3481:"), is the number 18. Monetary gifts in multiples of 18 are considered to be particularly auspicious and have become common for the bar and bat mitzvah. Many b'nai mitzvah also receive their first
1168:
2698:. Early rabbinic sources specify 13 as the age at which a boy becomes a legal adult; however, the celebration of this occasion is not mentioned until the Middle Ages (from approximately 500
2945:, meaning "one who is subject to the law", though it does not refer to age. The term "bar mitzvah", in reference to age, cannot be clearly traced earlier than the 14th century, the older
3382:
recited the preliminary blessing, read a portion of that week's Torah portion in Hebrew and English, and then intoned the closing blessing. Mordecai Kaplan, an Orthodox rabbi who joined
43:
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In some times and places, local Jewish leaders have officially limited the size and elaborateness of mitzvahs. For example, only ten men were permitted to attend the party in 1730 in
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1746:
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3322:. In these congregations, women do not read from the Torah or lead prayer services, but they occasionally lecture on a Jewish topic to mark their coming of age, learn a book of
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3164:
As the first mention of a party associated with a synagogue bar mitzvah was in the 13th century, hosting some sort of party is traditional and frequently considered necessary.
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have egalitarian participation, in which women read from the Torah and lead services. In Orthodox communities, a bat mitzvah is celebrated when a girl reaches the age of 12.
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In Orthodox circles, the occasion is sometimes celebrated during a weekday service that includes reading from the Torah, such as a Monday or Thursday morning service.
2992:, take on a charity or community service project and maintain membership in good standing with the synagogue. In addition to study and preparation offered through the
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therefore translates to ' who is subject to the law'. Although the term is commonly used to refer to the ritual itself, the phrase originally refers to the person.
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Reaching the age of bar or bat mitzvah signifies becoming a full-fledged member of the Jewish community with the responsibilities that come with it. These include
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money. Gifts of cash have become commonplace in recent times. As with charity and all other gifts, it has become common to give in multiples of 18, since the
2917:
9:14)? Because it is thirteen years older than the good inclination." That is to say, one's good inclination begins to act upon reaching the age of majority.
2541:, before children reach a certain age, the parents are responsible for their child's actions. Once Jewish children reach that age, they are said to "become"
3808:
Today in almost all non-Orthodox congregations, all children mark symbolic entry into Jewish adulthood through b'nai mitzvah (bar or bat mitzvah) at age 13.
3830:
3378:, his synagogue in New York City. Kaplan was unaware of the earlier Italian precedent and learned of them several months later, while on holiday in Italy.
770:
733:
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3194:. These rules were usually meant to avoid offending non-Jewish neighbours, and to maintain the rule that it be a smaller celebration than a wedding.
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and Hebrew schools, bar mitzvah tutors may be hired to prepare the child through the study of Hebrew, Torah cantillation and basic Jewish concepts.
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and in the doing of good works. Whosoever is of superiority in the town is expected to pray for him as he bows down to him to receive his blessing."
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of 10 males) available to do so. However, the public celebration of a girl becoming bat mitzvah in other ways has made strong inroads into
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at the end of the service. Some Modern Orthodox girls give aliyot at women's services, with fewer than ten men (so as not to constitute a
2902:. (For one year before this age, the vows are conditionally valid, depending on whether the boy or girl has signs of physical maturity.)
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Many congregations require pre-bar mitzvah children to attend a minimum number of Shabbat prayer services at the synagogue, study at a
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guests, the money at an elaborate party is mostly spent on renting and decorating a venue and hiring staff, from the catering team to
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and some Conservative Jews reject the idea that a woman can publicly read from the Torah or lead prayer services whenever there is a
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held the first public celebration of a bat mitzvah as we understand it in modern times for his daughter on March 18, 1922, at the
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1867:
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literally translate to 'son of commandment' and 'daughter of commandment', respectively. However, in rabbinical usage, the word
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Other sources also list thirteen as the age of majority with respect to following the commandments of the Torah, including:
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Elsewhere, the Mishnah lists the ages (13 for boys and 12 for girls) at which a vow is considered automatically valid; the
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1887:
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3431:—encourage the youngsters to select any topic that interests them and relates to the Jewish part of their identities.
3210:. In the 1950s, Rabbi Harold Saperstein of New York described them as too often being "more bar than mitzvah". Rabbi
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4734:...the rabbinate in the United States had already decided on the halakhic impropriety of the Bat Mitzvah ritual...
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sources, and some medieval sources refer to a synagogue ceremony performed upon the boy's reaching age thirteen:
2627:
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2158:
2009:
1950:
5184:
5098:. Ed. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik. 2nd ed. Vol. 3. Detroit: Macmillan Reference, 2007. pp. 164–167.
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2583:. Some classic sources identify the age at which children must begin to participate in the ritual of fasting on
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2777:, a year or two before their maturity; and then, when the age has arrived, to bring the Bar Mitzvah before the
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3338:. In some Modern Orthodox circles, bat mitzvah girls will read from the Torah and lead prayer services in a
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went together to the primary school and back home; after the thirteen years were over, the one went to the
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only say the blessings before and after their portion is read. A bar mitzvah boy may learn to act as the
2545:, at which point they begin to be held accountable for their own actions. Traditionally, the father of a
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Today many non-Orthodox Jews celebrate a girl's bat mitzvah in the same way as a boy's bar mitzvah. All
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3244:, entertainers, and dancers (also called "motivators") to encourage the guests to dance or play games.
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683:
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43:21 ("These people have I formed for myself, they shall speak my praise") as referring by its
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for a person to make a meal on the day his son becomes Bar Mitzvah as on the day he enters the
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5065:. Ed. Lindsay Jones. 2nd ed. Vol. 11. Detroit: Macmillan Reference, 2005. pp. 7818–7824.
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Perleberg, Ellen; Dy, Grace Elizabeth C. (May 25, 2022). "Growing Up on the Wrong Side of the
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as a "man", when a calculation from other verses suggests that Levi was aged 13 at the time.
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4520:"How Bat Mitzvah Became Orthodox," Symposium on Masorah, May 2016 (TorahMusings.com)"
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3474:
3394:. At the time, most Orthodox rabbis strongly rejected the idea of a bat mitzvah ceremony.
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or elder for blessing, encouragement, and prayer, that he may be granted a portion in the
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2226:
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806:
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245:
4109:
3390:, influenced Jews from all branches of non-Orthodox Judaism, through his position at the
3214:
says that over-the-top bar mitzvah parties were already common when he was growing up in
2949:
term being "gadol" (adult) or "bar 'onshin" (one legally responsible for own misdoings).
4835:
3042:
The widespread practice is that shortly after a boy turns 13, they are called up for an
192:
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2569:, and he may lead prayer and other religious services in the family and the community.
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party favors", calling instead for "family cohesion, authentic friendship, acts of
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4312:"Some Laws of Tefillin – The Basic Laws and the order of Putting on the Tefillin"
2743:: "The heathen when he begets a son consecrates him to idolatrous practices; the
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5257:
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responsibility for one's own actions; eligibility to be called to read from the
2910:
2433:
2375:
2040:
946:
941:
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906:
3617:
is also sometimes used in the singular as a gender-neutral term, including for
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6205:
5542:
5247:
4748:"Chapter 9: The Orthodox Synagogue and Rabbinate. Section 1: Rites of Passage"
3936:
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3514:
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2885:
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The Bible does not explicitly specify the age of 13. Passages in the books of
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Calling someone up to say the Torah blessings during a service is called an
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3003:
In 2012, concern about the high post-bar/bat mitzvah drop-out rate led the
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of his father and became a worshiper of God when he was thirteen years old.
2895:
explains this as a result of the 13-year-old being a "man", as required in
1007:
5173:
5144:
3410:
Bar mitzvah for 1,000 immigrant boys from Russia at the Western Wall, 1995
17:
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3228:
3137:
3058:
3020:
An 1839 description of an upcoming Manhattan bar mitzvah reported in the
2982:
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2733:
2553:
offers thanks to God that he is no longer punished for his child's sins.
2423:
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1965:
796:
304:
255:
78:
3052:
On the Sabbath, there are seven main sections, plus an eighth, known as
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383:
365:
240:
235:
225:
203:
178:
4467:"Extravagant Weddings and Bar Mitzvahs Humiliate the Jewish Community"
6311:
6092:
6043:
6036:
6029:
6000:
5987:
5982:
5676:
5661:
5623:
5613:
5598:
5583:
5569:
5554:
5532:
5456:
5428:
5423:
5398:
5388:
5383:
5314:
5299:
4556:
The Jewish Life Cycle: Rites of Passage from Biblical to Modern Times
4071:
3482:
3335:
3323:
3311:
3307:
3237:
3191:
3187:
3106:
2966:
2942:
2892:
2751:' performed; and as soon as he becomes of age he brings him into the
2695:
2580:
2566:
2059:
2054:
2014:
1999:
1110:
1002:
422:
388:
374:
309:
74:
4519:
5692:
3049:
the ceremony of reading a portion of the Torah section of the day.
2818:
Later on are references to a festive celebration on this occasion:
5537:
5486:
5481:
5279:
5094:
Kaplan, Zvi, and Norma Baumel Joseph. "Bar Mitzvah, Bat Mitzvah".
3455:
3413:
3405:
3348:
3277:
3271:
3260:
3259:
3251:
3215:
3166:
3143:
3123:
3026:
3015:
2962:
2958:
2838:
2796:
1022:
451:
355:
324:
4720:
Authentically Orthodox: A Tradition-Bound Faith in American Life
4492:
Authentically Orthodox: A Tradition-Bound Faith in American Life
2870:
2792:
2609:
after the birthday on which the child reaches the eligible age.
174:
156:
signifies becoming a full-fledged member of the Jewish community
5696:
5198:
3970:
3076:
reads all of the Torah portions, and the people receiving each
2888:, at ten years for the Mishnah, at 13 for the commandments..."
5194:
4680:
Peiser, Jaclyn; Lyons, Eve; Chafetz, Marisa (April 27, 2019).
4181:
3450:
is a pseudo-traditional observance and celebration of a dog's
3204:. These lavish parties were also heavily featured in the film
2773:
they are accustomed to initiate their children to fast on the
4639:
Waskow, Arthur Ocean and Phyllis Ocean Berman. Excerpt from
3088:
or any range in-between. He may also be ba'al korei for the
5118:
Today I Am a Woman: Stories of Bat Mitzvah around the World
4376:"$ 1 Million Parties – Have NYC Bar Mitzvahs Gone Too Far?"
4226:"How the Bar/Bat Mitzvah Child Participates in the Service"
5107:
Thirteen and a Day: The Bar and Bat Mitzvah across America
3171:
A boy at his bar mitzvah participating in the traditional
2759:
in order that he may praise the name of God, reciting the
3775:"Celebrating the Age of Mitzvah: A Guide for all Genders"
5120:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2011.
3232:(righteous giving), and parties suitable for children."
4780:"Having a Bat Mitzvah in Their 90s Because It's a Hoot"
3685:: A Case Study of Contemporary Queer Jewish Language".
5061:
Goldberg, Harvey E. "Rites of Passage: Jewish Rites".
4558:. Seattle and London: University of Washington Press.
4154:
Jewish Living: A Guide to Contemporary Reform Practice
4090:
4088:
4086:
4084:
3561:), used for both all-male and mixed-gender groups, is
3742:"Bar or Bat Mitzvah? Hey, What About a Both Mitzvah?"
3056:
which is also connected to the reading of that day's
2861:
note the age of majority for army service as twenty.
2658:) is Hebrew for 'commandment' or 'law'. Thus,
4944:: Five Star Publications, 2007. Book with audio CD.
4409:"Saturday Night Live Mocks Over-The-Top Bar Mitzvah"
4265:"Chapter 4: The Baal Korei – Shulchanaruchharav.com"
2880:
as the time one is obligated to observe the Torah's
2038:
2019:
442:
6523:
6503:
6460:
6420:
6219:
6147:
6084:
6016:
5945:
5896:
5859:
5795:
5730:
5637:
5520:
5442:
5364:
5323:
5287:
5230:
3485:from their parents to be used for the occasion and
3256:
Egyptian Alexandria Jewish girls during bat mitzvah
3190:, and music was banned at these parties in 1767 in
3179:Bar mitzvah festivities typically include a joyous
144:
136:
111:
85:
2971:legally marry on one's own according to Jewish law
4972:. Beverly Hills: Salter Lipsky Press. p. 290
3818:
3816:
3649:, all meaning 'in' or 'subject to' mitzvah), and
3545:meaning 'son of' and 'daughter of' respectively;
3062:section. It is most common to give the child the
5161:My Jewish Learning – What Does Bar Mitzvah Mean?
4513:
4511:
4208:, לעלות, meaning, "to rise, to ascend; to go up"
3069:In most synagogues, a designated officiant, the
2981:; and the capacity to testify as a witness in a
2969:; the right to possess personal property and to
5014:"Pets Gaining Recognition in Places of Worship"
4851:"At This Bar Mitzvah, Dylan's The Only Prophet"
2670:means 'under the category of' or 'subject to'.
5038:"Bat Mitzvah: What It Is and How to Celebrate"
4752:Modern Orthodox Judaism: A Documentary History
3714:"This teen had a gender neutral b'nei mitzvah"
3676:
3674:
3549:meaning 'commandment' or 'law'. The plural of
3084:, either for the entire service, for just his
5708:
5210:
5109:. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2005.
4991:Rabbi Charles A. Kroloff (January 19, 1997).
4518:Eleff, Zev; Butler, Menachem (January 2016).
4177:
4175:
4173:
3116:which comes about strictly by virtue of age.
2769:(18:5) makes matters even more explicit: "In
2490:
8:
4716:"Chapter 2: How Bat Mitzvah Became Orthodox"
4488:"Chapter 2: How Bat Mitzvah Became Orthodox"
3874:An Encyclopedia of American Synagogue Ritual
3604:
3584:
3574:
2941:The term "bar mitzvah" appears first in the
2682:The modern method of celebrating becoming a
2589:as 13 for boys and 12 for girls. The age of
50:
5190:My Jewish Learning – History of Bat Mitzvah
4918:"Today He Is a Dog; Actually He Always Was"
4043:
4041:
734:History of the Jews in the Byzantine Empire
6500:
6457:
6417:
6144:
6081:
5942:
5856:
5792:
5715:
5701:
5693:
5217:
5203:
5195:
3868:
3866:
3621:youth; other gender-neutral terms include
2884:: "At five years old one should study the
2497:
2483:
2347:
1988:
1061:
868:
473:
342:
161:
64:
49:
4587:"Coming of age a little later than usual"
2747:has his son circumcised and the rite of '
4832:City Congregation for Humanistic Judaism
3422:Instead of reading from the Torah, some
3207:You Are So Not Invited to My Bat Mitzvah
2876:The age of thirteen is mentioned in the
4890:"Why 83 Is The New 13 For Bar Mitzvahs"
4875:"LifeCycle Events: Bar and Bat Mitzvah"
4746:Eleff, Zev; Schacter, Jacob J. (2016).
3670:
3531:
2648:), in Hebrew, means 'daughter'.
2398:
2350:
2176:
2123:
2090:
2067:
1991:
1857:
1745:
1719:
1554:
1348:
1123:
1095:
954:
788:
717:
617:
532:
476:
396:
373:
345:
173:
120:boys: 13 years old, girls: 12 years old
6642:Hebrew words and phrases in Jewish law
4286:"Great Doings in the Jewish Synagogue"
3392:Jewish Theological Seminary of America
3376:Society for the Advancement of Judaism
2605:ceremony is usually held on the first
6443:Jewish League for Woman Suffrage (UK)
5091:. University of Nebraska Press, 2014.
4966:Salter, Janet; Salter, Sonny (2009).
4652:from the original on October 13, 2007
4641:A Time for Every Purpose Under Heaven
4343:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4335:
4333:
4331:
4329:
4220:
4218:
4216:
4214:
3981:from the original on October 13, 2007
2556:In Orthodox communities, boys become
7:
6571:
4993:"A Rabbi's View Of a 'Bark Mitzvah'"
4778:Maag, Christopher (March 22, 2009).
4682:"Becoming a Woman Before Their Eyes"
4430:Allison Hoffman (December 9, 2007).
2593:roughly coincides with the onset of
6581:
4806:"Molly's Unforgettable Bat Mitzvah"
4388:from the original on April 20, 2010
3605:
3585:
3575:
3558:
3362:holds that it is a seudat mitzvah.
4808:. Sh'ma, A Journal of Jewish Ideas
4643:Farrar, Straus and Giroux, LLC at
4374:Cohen, Stefanie (April 18, 2010).
3740:Krueger, Alyson (March 27, 2019).
3712:Dolsten, Josefin (March 1, 2018).
130:boys and girls: 12 or 13 years old
25:
6511:Orthodox Jewish schools for women
4936:Shari Cohen and Marcelo Gindlin.
4916:Lily Koppel (December 20, 2004).
4849:Carolyn Slutsky (July 15, 2009).
4536:Iggros Moshe OC 1:104 and OC 2:97
4253:. Vol. Megila. pp. 21a.
3473:, or numerical equivalent of the
2686:did not exist in the time of the
2516:
525:Historical population comparisons
6580:
6570:
6561:
6560:
6549:
6438:League of Jewish Women (Germany)
5278:
5271:
5172:
5143:
5012:Maryann Mott (October 6, 2006).
4888:Amy Oringel (October 19, 2017).
4754:. University of Nebraska Press.
4722:. Wayne State University Press.
4494:. Wayne State University Press.
4350:"The Bar Mitzvah Party Starters"
4094:
3800:"Origins of the Bar/Bat Mitzvah"
2526:
1169:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1083:Historical population by country
5185:Chabad's Becoming a Bat Mitzvah
4615:"The First American Bat Mitvah"
4585:Barkat, Amiram (May 27, 2003).
4122:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls
3969:Bazelon, Emily (May 19, 2005).
3418:Bar mitzvah at the Western Wall
3386:and then became the founder of
3318:and also into some elements of
2913:personified as the great king (
6448:Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz
5834:World Congress of Jewish Women
5824:1907 New York City Rent Strike
5814:1904 New York City Rent Strike
5100:Gale Virtual Reference Library
5067:Gale Virtual Reference Library
4804:Arking, Linda (June 1, 2000).
4348:Doll, Jen (December 9, 2017).
1:
2965:and lead or participate in a
2724:interpreting the Hebrew word
740:Christianity and Judaism
89:
4432:"Big bucks and pink thrones"
4000:Machzor Vitri on Pirkei Avot
27:Jewish coming of age rituals
3923:on the Baraita on Avot 5:21
3897:"History of the Bar Mizvah"
3687:Journal of Jewish Languages
3609:; Ashkenazi pronunciation:
3092:portion if he receives the
2039:
2020:
1747:Latin America and Caribbean
443:
6658:
4859:. New York. Archived from
4292:. June 11, 1839. p. 2
4204:: עֲלִיָּה, from the verb
3497:
3370:it was the American rabbi
3334:, or say prayers from the
3201:Keeping Up with the Steins
3128:Bar mitzvah ceremony at a
2977:of the Torah and keep the
2844:Bar Mitzvah in a Synagogue
2352:Jewish political movements
2049:Conversion to Judaism
6544:
6162:Rabbis and Torah scholars
5785:Gender and Jewish studies
5770:Matrilineality in Judaism
5269:
4828:"Bar/Bat Mitzvah Program"
3933:Midrash Hashkem on Shemot
3876:, Greenwood Press, 2000.
3719:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
3699:10.1163/22134638-bja10019
3500:Adult bar and bat mitzvah
3388:Reconstructionist Judaism
3326:, recite verses from the
2985:(rabbinical court) case.
2973:; the duty to follow the
2655:
2645:
2631:
2628:Jewish Babylonian Aramaic
2623:
755:Hinduism and Judaism
103:
94:
63:
6402:Women's Rabbinic Network
5809:1902 Kosher Meat Boycott
5063:Encyclopedia of Religion
5019:National Geographic News
4554:Marcus, Ivan G. (2004).
4152:Washofsky, Mark (2001).
4012:(in Hebrew). p. 549
4008:
3971:"Saving the Bar Mitzvah"
3005:Union for Reform Judaism
581:Temple in Jerusalem
274:Bar and bat mitzvah
6372:Women of Reform Judaism
6267:Haifa Women's Coalition
5803:Jewish Women's Congress
5074:Bat Mitzvahs in America
4646:"History of Bat Mizvah"
4436:The Chicago Jewish News
4407:Al (January 18, 2011).
4119:The Jewish Encyclopedia
3825:63:10 (commenting upon
3591:Ashkenazi pronunciation
3346:, a prominent Orthodox
3316:Modern Orthodox Judaism
2560:at 13 and girls become
543:Twelve Tribes of Israel
6612:Jewish law and rituals
6536:Tomb of the Matriarchs
6317:League of Jewish Women
6272:Israel Women's Network
6017:Practices and concepts
5829:1909 Shirtwaist Strike
5089:Bar Mitzvah: A History
4619:Jewish Virtual Library
4411:. Jewish Humor Central
4116:; et al. (eds.).
4070:A. 16, B. 30; Midrash
3567:, also transliterated
3419:
3411:
3402:Alternative ceremonies
3281:
3269:
3257:
3176:
3156:
3136:The obligation to lay
3133:
3039:
3024:
2937:The term "bar mitzvah"
2850:
2704:Post-classical history
140:Coming-of-age ceremony
44:considered for merging
6362:Union of Jewish Women
6287:Women Artists' Circle
5840:Women's Torah Project
5336:Prayers and blessings
5096:Encyclopaedia Judaica
4290:New York Daily Herald
3417:
3409:
3275:
3268:bat mitzvah in Israel
3263:
3255:
3170:
3147:
3127:
3030:
3019:
2842:
1289:São Tomé and Príncipe
1284:Republic of the Congo
678:Second Temple Judaism
549:Kingdom of Judah
520:Modern historiography
6622:Judaism and children
6428:Clara de Hirsch Home
5846:Women's Siyum HaShas
5472:Weekly Torah reading
5181:at Wikimedia Commons
5156:Chabad's Bar Mitzvah
5152:at Wikimedia Commons
5112:Vinick, Barbara and
5026:on October 18, 2006.
4969:Beverly Hills Gothic
4938:Alfie's Bark Mitzvah
4442:on November 20, 2012
3806:. October 19, 2012.
3384:Conservative Judaism
2922:Pirke Rabbi Eli'ezer
2630:word meaning 'son' (
2575:is mentioned in the
2391:World Agudath Israel
1532:United Arab Emirates
619:Second Temple period
609:Babylonian captivity
148:Reaching the age of
6607:Bar and bat mitzvah
6490:The American Jewess
5748:Early modern period
5305:Bar and bat mitzvah
5105:Oppenheimer, Mark.
4714:Eleff, Zev (2020).
4486:Eleff, Zev (2020).
4472:The Huffington Post
4465:(August 23, 2010).
4068:Abot de-Rabbi Natan
3901:Jewish Encyclopedia
3625:('celebration of')
3477:word for "life", ("
3248:Bat mitzvah customs
3148:Bar mitzvah at the
3031:Bar mitzvah at the
3012:Aliyah to the Torah
2928:rejected the total
2718:Simon Tzemach Duran
684:Hellenistic Judaism
262:Land of Israel
221:Principles of faith
60:
6556:Judaism portal
6421:Historic / defunct
6135:Court of the Women
5765:Gender and Judaism
5444:Religious practice
4998:The New York Times
4923:The New York Times
4838:on April 20, 2008.
4784:The New York Times
4686:The New York Times
4230:My Jewish Learning
3872:Olitsky, Kerry M.
3746:The New York Times
3429:The Workers Circle
3420:
3412:
3372:Mordecai M. Kaplan
3282:
3270:
3258:
3177:
3157:
3134:
3040:
3025:
2851:
2791:: "Up to 13 years
2640:in Hebrew), while
2245:Jewish Koine Greek
1787:Dominican Republic
1068:Judaism by country
747:Jews and Christmas
602:Assyrian captivity
6637:Jewish life cycle
6617:Judaism and women
6594:
6593:
6519:
6518:
6499:
6498:
6476:Hadassah Magazine
6456:
6455:
6307:Kohenet Institute
6215:
6214:
6143:
6142:
6024:Gender separation
6012:
6011:
5963:Marriage contract
5897:Life cycle events
5892:
5891:
5855:
5854:
5819:1906 Tonsil Riots
5690:
5689:
5346:Grace after meals
5231:Birth and infancy
5177:Media related to
5148:Media related to
5114:Shulamit Reinharz
5087:Hilton, Michael.
5082:978-1-312-92108-5
4942:Chandler, Arizona
4863:on July 20, 2009.
4761:978-0-8276-1289-1
4729:978-0-8143-4482-8
4501:978-0-8143-4482-8
4163:978-0-8074-0702-8
3941:Sefer ha'Likkutim
3804:ReformJudaism.org
3633:('reception of')
3579:). The plural of
3443:healthier lives.
3290:Reconstructionist
3280:(Sephardi custom)
3276:Reading from the
2507:
2506:
2456:
2455:
2204:
2203:
1951:Reconstructionist
1895:
1894:
1047:
1046:
854:
853:
691:Jewish–Roman wars
639:Hasmonean dynasty
555:Kingdom of Israel
459:
458:
160:
159:
16:(Redirected from
6649:
6627:Rites of passage
6584:
6583:
6574:
6573:
6564:
6563:
6554:
6553:
6552:
6501:
6458:
6418:
6145:
6085:Prayer and study
6082:
5988:Ritual immersion
5943:
5857:
5793:
5753:In the Holocaust
5738:Women in Judaism
5724:Women in Judaism
5717:
5710:
5703:
5694:
5452:613 commandments
5374:Marriageable age
5282:
5275:
5219:
5212:
5205:
5196:
5176:
5147:
5049:
5048:
5046:
5044:
5034:
5028:
5027:
5022:. Archived from
5009:
5003:
5002:
4988:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4963:
4957:
4934:
4928:
4927:
4913:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4885:
4879:
4878:
4871:
4865:
4864:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4834:. Archived from
4824:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4801:
4795:
4794:
4792:
4790:
4775:
4769:
4768:
4743:
4737:
4736:
4711:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4700:
4677:
4671:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4659:
4657:
4637:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4626:
4621:. March 18, 1922
4611:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4597:
4582:
4576:
4573:
4567:
4552:
4546:
4543:
4537:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4524:Torahmusings.com
4515:
4506:
4505:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4458:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4438:. Archived from
4427:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4416:
4404:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4393:
4371:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4345:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4319:
4308:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4297:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4261:
4255:
4254:
4247:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4236:
4222:
4209:
4194:
4188:
4179:
4168:
4167:
4149:
4143:
4138:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4127:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4079:
4065:
4059:
4054:
4048:
4045:
4036:
4028:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4002:, also found at
3997:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3966:
3960:
3950:
3944:
3930:
3924:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3893:
3887:
3870:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3840:
3834:
3820:
3811:
3810:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3771:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3678:
3658:
3653:('covenant of')
3608:
3607:
3588:
3587:
3578:
3577:
3560:
3536:
3340:women's tefillah
3302:The majority of
2911:evil inclination
2814:
2810:
2775:Day of Atonement
2767:Masseket Soferim
2702:to 1500 CE; see
2657:
2647:
2633:
2625:
2528:
2518:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2348:
2229:
2050:
2044:
2025:
1989:
1936:
1883:New Zealand
1835:
1798:El Salvador
1788:
1720:Northern America
1712:
1306:
1062:
973:Crimean Karaites
869:
847:
845:
766:
764:
756:
750:
741:
729:Rabbinic Judaism
710:
704:
698:
686:
674:
640:
633:Maccabean Revolt
610:
603:
597:
589:
582:
576:
568:
550:
474:
448:
343:
275:
263:
162:
107:
105:
96:
86:Native name
68:
61:
59:
47:
21:
6657:
6656:
6652:
6651:
6650:
6648:
6647:
6646:
6597:
6596:
6595:
6590:
6550:
6548:
6540:
6515:
6495:
6452:
6433:Di Vilde Chayes
6416:
6367:Cantors Network
6247:Chochmat Nashim
6211:
6182:Toanot Rabniyot
6175:Yoetzet halacha
6148:Religious roles
6139:
6114:Tefillin Barbie
6080:
6008:
5968:Marital harmony
5941:
5888:
5867:Jewish feminism
5851:
5791:
5726:
5721:
5691:
5686:
5672:Yahrzeit candle
5633:
5521:Religious items
5516:
5438:
5360:
5341:Prayer services
5319:
5283:
5277:
5276:
5267:
5238:Hebrew birthday
5226:
5223:
5169:
5140:
5135:
5072:Golding, Nora.
5058:
5056:Further reading
5053:
5052:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5035:
5031:
5011:
5010:
5006:
4990:
4989:
4985:
4975:
4973:
4965:
4964:
4960:
4935:
4931:
4915:
4914:
4910:
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4898:
4887:
4886:
4882:
4873:
4872:
4868:
4856:The Jewish Week
4848:
4847:
4843:
4826:
4825:
4821:
4811:
4809:
4803:
4802:
4798:
4788:
4786:
4777:
4776:
4772:
4762:
4745:
4744:
4740:
4730:
4713:
4712:
4708:
4698:
4696:
4679:
4678:
4674:
4670:Marcus, pg 112.
4669:
4665:
4655:
4653:
4644:
4638:
4634:
4624:
4622:
4613:
4612:
4605:
4595:
4593:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4575:Marcus, p. 106.
4574:
4570:
4553:
4549:
4545:Yabia Omer 2:29
4544:
4540:
4535:
4531:
4517:
4516:
4509:
4502:
4485:
4484:
4480:
4463:Shmuley Boteach
4460:
4459:
4455:
4445:
4443:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4414:
4412:
4406:
4405:
4401:
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4389:
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4368:
4358:
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4327:
4317:
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4310:
4309:
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4283:
4279:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4258:
4249:
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4234:
4232:
4224:
4223:
4212:
4195:
4191:
4180:
4171:
4164:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4141:Baba Metzia 96a
4139:
4135:
4125:
4123:
4114:Singer, Isidore
4106:Kaufmann Kohler
4100:
4095:
4093:
4082:
4066:
4062:
4055:
4051:
4046:
4039:
4029:
4025:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4003:
3998:
3994:
3984:
3982:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3951:
3947:
3931:
3927:
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3915:
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3903:
3895:
3894:
3890:
3871:
3864:
3856:
3852:
3841:
3837:
3831:בראשית רבה סג י
3821:
3814:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3783:
3781:
3773:
3772:
3768:
3758:
3756:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3724:
3722:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3680:
3679:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3661:
3613:). In English,
3606:בְּנוֹת מִצְוָה
3537:
3533:
3528:
3511:
3502:
3496:
3464:
3404:
3344:Moshe Feinstein
3250:
3212:Shmuley Boteach
3162:
3122:
3022:New York Herald
3014:
2955:
2939:
2837:
2812:
2808:
2741:Midrash Hashkem
2734:numerical value
2680:
2615:
2537:. According to
2503:
2458:
2457:
2345:
2335:
2334:
2325:Judeo-Malayalam
2305:Judaeo-Georgian
2225:
2216:
2206:
2205:
2106:Yiddish theatre
2048:
1986:
1976:
1975:
1934:
1907:
1897:
1896:
1833:
1786:
1710:
1304:
1088:Genetic studies
1059:
1049:
1048:
866:
856:
855:
843:
842:
762:
761:
754:
744:
739:
721:and Middle Ages
719:Rabbinic period
706:
700:
693:
681:
652:
638:
608:
601:
592:
584:
580:
571:
566:in Judaism
563:
548:
471:
461:
460:
340:
330:
329:
273:
261:
206:
98:
81:
51:
48:
32:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6655:
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6609:
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6472:
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6451:
6450:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6424:
6422:
6415:
6414:
6409:
6407:Women's Spirit
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6374:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6354:
6352:Philomath Club
6349:
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6339:
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6329:
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6309:
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6299:
6294:
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5806:
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5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5762:
5761:
5760:
5755:
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5731:General topics
5728:
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5697:
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5687:
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5684:
5679:
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5647:Chevra Kadisha
5643:
5641:
5635:
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5626:
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5448:
5446:
5440:
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5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5404:Jewish wedding
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5370:
5368:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5331:Ritual washing
5327:
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5321:
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5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5291:
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5187:
5182:
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5158:
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5139:
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5134:
5133:External links
5131:
5130:
5129:
5126:978-0253356932
5110:
5103:
5092:
5085:
5076:. Lulu, 2015.
5070:
5057:
5054:
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5050:
5029:
5004:
4983:
4958:
4954:978-1589850552
4929:
4908:
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4819:
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4706:
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4399:
4366:
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4303:
4277:
4256:
4242:
4210:
4189:
4187:, Winter 2012.
4183:Reform Judaism
4169:
4162:
4156:. UAHC Press.
4144:
4133:
4102:Marcus Jastrow
4080:
4060:
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4037:
4023:
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3823:Genesis Rabbah
3812:
3791:
3766:
3732:
3704:
3693:(1): 120–139.
3669:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3576:בְּנֵי מִצְוָה
3530:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3510:
3507:
3498:Main article:
3495:
3492:
3463:
3460:
3403:
3400:
3356:seudat mitzvah
3332:Book of Psalms
3328:Book of Esther
3320:Haredi Judaism
3249:
3246:
3218:in the 1970s.
3181:seudat mitzvah
3161:
3158:
3121:
3118:
3013:
3010:
2954:
2951:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2918:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2828:wedding canopy
2816:
2815:
2789:Genesis Rabbah
2786:
2764:
2737:
2679:
2676:
2626:) is a
2614:
2611:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
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2386:Territorialism
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2307:
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2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2270:Judaeo-Spanish
2267:
2265:Judaeo-Iranian
2262:
2257:
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2247:
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2237:
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2095:
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2065:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2045:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1931:
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1924:
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1899:
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1711:United Kingdom
1707:
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1697:
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1186:
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1144:Bilad-el-Sudan
1141:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1100:
1099:
1097:Land of Israel
1093:
1092:
1091:
1090:
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1080:
1075:
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1060:
1055:
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1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
995:
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985:
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955:Related groups
952:
951:
950:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
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914:
909:
904:
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861:
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857:
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851:
850:
849:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
812:Jewish atheism
809:
804:
799:
791:
790:
786:
785:
784:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:Islamic–Jewish
758:
751:
736:
731:
723:
722:
715:
714:
713:
712:
688:
675:
647:
642:
635:
630:
628:Yehud Medinata
622:
621:
615:
614:
613:
612:
605:
598:
590:
577:
569:
557:
552:
545:
537:
536:
534:Ancient Israel
530:
529:
528:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
490:Land of Israel
487:
479:
478:
472:
467:
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462:
457:
456:
455:
454:
449:
445:Shulchan Aruch
440:
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417:
416:
415:
414:
409:
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400:
394:
393:
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386:
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292:
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258:
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248:
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238:
233:
223:
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211:God in Judaism
207:
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201:
198:
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196:
195:
190:
182:
181:
171:
170:
158:
157:
146:
142:
141:
138:
134:
133:
132:
131:
121:
113:
109:
108:
87:
83:
82:
69:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6654:
6643:
6640:
6638:
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6630:
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6610:
6608:
6605:
6604:
6602:
6587:
6579:
6577:
6569:
6567:
6559:
6557:
6547:
6546:
6543:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6531:Rachel's Tomb
6529:
6528:
6526:
6522:
6512:
6509:
6508:
6506:
6502:
6492:
6491:
6487:
6485:
6484:
6480:
6478:
6477:
6473:
6471:
6470:
6466:
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6449:
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6441:
6439:
6436:
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6423:
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6410:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6332:N'shei Chabad
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6224:
6222:
6220:Organizations
6218:
6208:
6207:
6203:
6199:
6196:
6195:
6194:
6191:
6189:
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6184:
6183:
6179:
6177:
6176:
6172:
6168:
6165:
6164:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6157:
6153:
6152:
6150:
6146:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6130:
6126:
6124:
6123:
6119:
6115:
6112:
6111:
6110:
6109:
6104:
6102:
6101:
6097:
6095:
6094:
6090:
6089:
6087:
6083:
6075:
6074:Homosexuality
6072:
6071:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6064:Birth control
6062:
6058:
6055:
6054:
6053:
6050:
6046:
6045:
6041:
6039:
6038:
6034:
6032:
6031:
6027:
6026:
6025:
6022:
6021:
6019:
6015:
6003:
6002:
5998:
5997:
5996:
5993:
5989:
5986:
5985:
5984:
5983:Ritual purity
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5973:Head covering
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5950:
5948:
5944:
5938:
5936:
5931:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5922:
5921:
5917:
5913:
5911:
5910:
5906:
5902:
5901:
5899:
5895:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5869:
5868:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5858:
5847:
5844:
5841:
5838:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5804:
5801:
5800:
5798:
5794:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5767:
5766:
5763:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5729:
5725:
5718:
5713:
5711:
5706:
5704:
5699:
5698:
5695:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5644:
5642:
5640:
5636:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5578:
5575:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5535:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5529:
5528:Sifrei Kodesh
5526:
5525:
5523:
5519:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5449:
5447:
5445:
5441:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5419:Sheva Brachot
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5379:Role of women
5377:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5369:
5367:
5363:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5328:
5326:
5322:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5292:
5290:
5288:Coming of age
5286:
5281:
5274:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5243:Shalom Zachar
5241:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5233:
5229:
5220:
5215:
5213:
5208:
5206:
5201:
5200:
5197:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5180:
5175:
5171:
5170:
5166:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5151:
5146:
5142:
5141:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5108:
5104:
5101:
5097:
5093:
5090:
5086:
5083:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5039:
5033:
5030:
5025:
5021:
5020:
5015:
5008:
5005:
5000:
4999:
4994:
4987:
4984:
4971:
4970:
4962:
4959:
4955:
4951:
4950:1-58985-055-6
4947:
4943:
4939:
4933:
4930:
4925:
4924:
4919:
4912:
4909:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4884:
4881:
4876:
4870:
4867:
4862:
4858:
4857:
4852:
4845:
4842:
4837:
4833:
4829:
4823:
4820:
4807:
4800:
4797:
4785:
4781:
4774:
4771:
4767:
4763:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4742:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4710:
4707:
4695:
4691:
4687:
4683:
4676:
4673:
4667:
4664:
4651:
4647:
4642:
4636:
4633:
4620:
4616:
4610:
4608:
4604:
4592:
4588:
4581:
4578:
4572:
4569:
4565:
4564:0-295-98440-6
4561:
4557:
4551:
4548:
4542:
4539:
4533:
4530:
4525:
4521:
4514:
4512:
4508:
4503:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4482:
4479:
4474:
4473:
4468:
4464:
4457:
4454:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4426:
4423:
4410:
4403:
4400:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4381:New York Post
4377:
4370:
4367:
4355:
4351:
4344:
4342:
4340:
4338:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4326:
4313:
4307:
4304:
4291:
4287:
4281:
4278:
4266:
4260:
4257:
4252:
4246:
4243:
4231:
4227:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4193:
4190:
4186:
4184:
4178:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4165:
4159:
4155:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4137:
4134:
4121:
4120:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4091:
4089:
4087:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4053:
4050:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4035:
4032:
4027:
4024:
4011:
4007:
4006:Machzor Vitry
4001:
3996:
3993:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3965:
3962:
3958:
3957:Magen Avraham
3954:
3949:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3929:
3926:
3922:
3917:
3914:
3902:
3898:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3882:0-313-30814-4
3879:
3875:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3844:
3839:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3795:
3792:
3780:
3776:
3770:
3767:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3736:
3733:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3708:
3705:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3664:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3615:b'nai mitzvah
3612:
3611:b'nos mitzvah
3602:
3601:
3600:b'not mitzvah
3596:
3592:
3582:
3572:
3571:
3570:b'nei mitzvah
3566:
3565:
3564:b'nai mitzvah
3556:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3535:
3532:
3525:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3506:
3501:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3452:coming of age
3449:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3432:
3430:
3425:
3424:Humanist Jews
3416:
3408:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3380:Judith Kaplan
3377:
3373:
3367:
3363:
3361:
3360:Ovadiah Yosef
3357:
3352:
3350:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3279:
3274:
3267:
3262:
3254:
3247:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3202:
3195:
3193:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3174:
3169:
3165:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3131:
3126:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3098:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3038:
3034:
3029:
3023:
3018:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2995:
2991:
2990:Hebrew school
2986:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2936:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2920:According to
2919:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2867:Genesis 34:25
2864:
2863:Machzor Vitri
2860:
2856:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2834:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2653:
2652:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2629:
2621:
2620:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2591:b'nai mitzvah
2588:
2587:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2567:prayer quorum
2563:
2559:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2543:b'nai mitzvah
2540:
2536:
2532:
2531:coming-of-age
2524:
2523:
2514:
2513:
2500:
2495:
2493:
2488:
2486:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2338:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2310:Judeo-Aramaic
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2300:Judeo-Italian
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2280:Ghardaïa Sign
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2066:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1979:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1905:Denominations
1901:
1900:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1733:United States
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1219:Guinea-Bissau
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1073:Lists of Jews
1071:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
959:
958:
953:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
886:
883:
881:
878:
877:
876:
873:
872:
871:
870:
865:
860:
859:
848:
840:
838:
835:
833:
832:The Holocaust
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
794:
793:
792:
787:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
759:
757:
752:
748:
742:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
725:
724:
720:
716:
709:
703:
697:
692:
689:
685:
679:
676:
672:
668:
664:
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631:
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433:Mishneh Torah
431:
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194:
193:Who is a Jew?
191:
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45:
41:
40:
39:Infobox event
36:
30:
19:
6632:Commandments
6488:
6481:
6474:
6467:
6461:Publications
6357:Pi Alpha Tau
6204:
6180:
6173:
6154:
6127:
6120:
6107:
6106:Partnership
6098:
6091:
6042:
6035:
6028:
5999:
5935:Chag habanot
5934:
5933:Girls' Day (
5919:
5915:
5914:
5908:
5904:
5836:(1923, 1929)
5743:In the Bible
5629:Four species
5304:
5263:Pidyon haben
5117:
5106:
5095:
5088:
5073:
5062:
5041:. Retrieved
5032:
5024:the original
5017:
5007:
4996:
4986:
4974:. Retrieved
4968:
4961:
4937:
4932:
4921:
4911:
4899:. Retrieved
4893:
4883:
4869:
4861:the original
4854:
4844:
4836:the original
4822:
4810:. Retrieved
4799:
4787:. Retrieved
4783:
4773:
4765:
4751:
4741:
4733:
4719:
4709:
4697:. Retrieved
4685:
4675:
4666:
4654:. Retrieved
4640:
4635:
4623:. Retrieved
4618:
4594:. Retrieved
4590:
4580:
4571:
4555:
4550:
4541:
4532:
4523:
4491:
4481:
4470:
4456:
4444:. Retrieved
4440:the original
4435:
4425:
4413:. Retrieved
4402:
4390:. Retrieved
4379:
4369:
4359:December 23,
4357:. Retrieved
4353:
4316:. Retrieved
4314:. Chabad.org
4306:
4294:. Retrieved
4289:
4280:
4268:. Retrieved
4259:
4251:Talmud Bavli
4250:
4245:
4233:. Retrieved
4229:
4205:
4192:
4182:
4153:
4147:
4136:
4124:. Retrieved
4117:
4110:"Bar Miẓwah"
4076:Ecclesiastes
4063:
4052:
4026:
4014:. Retrieved
4005:
3995:
3983:. Retrieved
3974:
3964:
3953:Orach Chayim
3948:
3940:
3928:
3920:
3916:
3904:. Retrieved
3900:
3891:
3873:
3853:
3838:
3807:
3803:
3794:
3782:. Retrieved
3769:
3757:. Retrieved
3745:
3735:
3723:. Retrieved
3717:
3707:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3614:
3610:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3586:בַּת מִצְוָה
3580:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3562:
3559:בַּר מִצְוָה
3550:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3520:Confirmation
3503:
3468:
3465:
3448:bark mitzvah
3445:
3441:
3433:
3421:
3396:
3368:
3364:
3347:
3301:
3294:Conservative
3283:
3266:Conservative
3234:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3205:
3199:
3196:
3185:
3178:
3163:
3150:Western Wall
3135:
3114:
3111:
3099:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3070:
3068:
3063:
3057:
3053:
3051:
3043:
3041:
3033:Western Wall
3002:
2998:
2987:
2956:
2953:Significance
2940:
2915:Ecclesiastes
2909:"Why is the
2904:
2890:
2882:commandments
2875:
2852:
2843:
2835:Age thirteen
2817:
2801:beit midrash
2749:pidyon haben
2728:("this") in
2725:
2708:
2688:Hebrew Bible
2683:
2681:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2649:
2641:
2635:
2617:
2616:
2602:
2598:
2590:
2584:
2572:
2571:
2561:
2557:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2521:
2520:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2449:Post-Zionism
2320:Judeo-Berber
2315:Judeo-Arabic
2275:Judeo-Gascon
2022:Pidyon haben
1941:Conservative
1487:Saudi Arabia
1305:South Africa
1294:Sierra Leone
1116:Israeli Jews
1030:Mosaic Arabs
983:Kaifeng Jews
844:Arab–Israeli
817:Emancipation
696:Great Revolt
505:Anti-Judaism
500:Antisemitism
495:Name "Judea"
290:Baal teshuva
272:
153:
149:
128:Conservative
104:בַּת מִצְוָה
99:
95:בַּר מִצְוָה
90:
73:boy wearing
70:
56:
52:
37:
29:
6586:WikiProject
6100:Tseno Ureno
5958:Matchmaking
5920:bat mitzvah
5909:Simchat bat
5905:Zeved habat
5842:(2003–2010)
5467:Torah study
5394:Matchmaking
5258:Hebrew name
5253:Zeved habat
5225:Jewish life
5179:Bat mitzvah
5167:Bat mitzvah
5150:Bar mitzvah
5138:Bar mitzvah
4901:January 31,
4895:Forward.com
4656:October 10,
4200:, from the
4126:February 4,
4078:Rabbah 9:15
4031:Pirkei Avot
4009:מחזור ויטרי
3843:Pirkei Avot
3833:(in Hebrew)
3595:bas mitzveh
3581:bat mitzvah
3551:bar mitzvah
3292:, and most
3103:d'var Torah
3082:ba'al korei
3072:ba'al korei
2865:notes that
2684:bar mitzvah
2672:Bar mitzvah
2664:bat mitzvah
2660:bar mitzvah
2603:bat mitzvah
2573:Bar mitzvah
2562:bat mitzvah
2558:bar mitzvah
2551:bat mitzvah
2522:bat mitzvah
2512:bar mitzvah
2444:Revisionist
2434:Neo-Zionism
2041:Zeved habat
1834:Puerto Rico
1660:Netherlands
1492:South Korea
1477:Philippines
1357:Afghanistan
1224:Ivory Coast
998:Crypto-Jews
963:Bnei Anusim
942:Bene Israel
907:Beta Israel
864:Communities
771:Middle Ages
510:Persecution
285:Bereavement
154:bat mitzvah
71:Bar mitzvah
57:bat mitzvah
33:‹ The
6601:Categories
6206:Firzogerin
5926:For adults
5682:Honorifics
5399:Engagement
5356:Honorifics
5324:Daily life
5248:Brit milah
4812:August 15,
4446:August 13,
4415:August 13,
4318:August 13,
4057:Niddah 46a
4047:Niddah 5:6
3985:October 5,
3921:Magen Avot
3665:References
3515:Brit milah
3354:status of
3297:synagogues
2947:rabbinical
2886:Scriptures
2869:refers to
2709:Some late
2586:Yom Kippur
2539:Jewish law
2533:ritual in
2429:Maximalism
2381:Secularism
2361:Autonomism
2178:Literature
1971:Humanistic
1575:Azerbaijan
1537:Uzbekistan
1512:Tajikistan
1432:Kyrgyzstan
1417:Kazakhstan
1264:Mozambique
1239:Madagascar
1159:Cape Verde
1111:New Yishuv
1106:Old Yishuv
1057:Population
1035:Subbotniks
993:Samaritans
932:Romanyotim
875:Ashkenazim
822:Old Yishuv
802:Sabbateans
789:Modern era
781:Golden Age
708:Bar Kokhba
428:Beit Yosef
295:Philosophy
18:Bar mitzva
6347:Nivcharot
6237:B'not Esh
6156:Rebbetzin
6069:Sexuality
6057:In Israel
5978:Homemaker
5775:Bat-Kohen
5758:In Israel
4789:March 31,
4699:April 27,
4694:0362-4331
4625:April 13,
4596:April 13,
4566:, p. 105.
4392:April 18,
3906:April 13,
3754:0362-4331
3647:b-mitzvah
3643:bamitzvah
3639:b'mitzvah
3619:nonbinary
3494:In adults
3154:Jerusalem
3132:synagogue
3066:reading.
3037:Jerusalem
2994:synagogue
2848:Oscar Rex
2822:"It is a
2803:to study
2771:Jerusalem
2753:synagogue
2745:Israelite
2720:quotes a
2711:midrashic
2634:,
2613:Etymology
2439:Religious
2295:Zarphatic
2285:Bukharian
2255:Judeo-Tat
2240:Yeshivish
2214:Languages
2169:Sephardic
2159:Israelite
2149:Ethiopian
2139:Ashkenazi
2078:Religious
1868:Australia
1850:Venezuela
1756:Argentina
1738:Greenland
1650:Lithuania
1502:Sri Lanka
1497:Singapore
1422:Kurdistan
1387:Indonesia
1377:Hong Kong
1330:Abayudaya
1254:Mauritius
988:Igbo Jews
978:Krymchaks
897:Sephardim
765:relations
659:Sadducees
655:Pharisees
645:Sanhedrin
560:Jerusalem
320:Synagogue
188:Etymology
100:Bat mīṣvā
91:Bar mīṣvā
42:is being
6566:Category
6257:Hadassah
6227:Aminadav
6198:Timeline
6167:Timeline
6129:Mechitza
6122:Midrasha
6052:Abortion
5953:Marriage
5946:Marriage
5872:Orthodox
5860:Feminism
5780:Bat Levi
5667:Yahrzeit
5662:Tehillim
5604:Tefillin
5512:Tzedakah
5507:Holidays
5497:Chavurah
5492:Chavrusa
5477:Daf Yomi
5366:Marriage
5295:Upsherin
4976:July 25,
4650:Archived
4386:Archived
4185:magazine
4108:(1906).
4072:Tehillim
4016:March 7,
3979:Archived
3943:", i. 3a
3683:Mechitza
3631:kabbalat
3509:See also
3487:tefillin
3470:gematria
3358:. Rabbi
3342:. Rabbi
3304:Orthodox
3229:tzedakah
3138:tefillin
3120:Tefillin
3090:haftorah
3059:haftorah
2983:beth din
2975:613 laws
2930:idolatry
2579:and the
2466:Category
2424:Kahanism
2371:Feminism
2343:Politics
2227:Biblical
2197:American
2144:Bukharan
2134:American
2034:Shidduch
2010:Clothing
1966:Haymanot
1912:Orthodox
1840:Suriname
1823:Paraguay
1776:Colombia
1675:Portugal
1585:Bulgaria
1522:Thailand
1472:Pakistan
1452:Mongolia
1447:Malaysia
1367:Cambodia
1341:Zimbabwe
1316:Tanzania
1194:Eswatini
1184:Ethiopia
1174:Djibouti
1154:Cameroon
1149:Botswana
1078:Diaspora
1040:Noahides
1013:Marranos
937:Cochinim
922:Bukharim
912:Gruzinim
902:Teimanim
892:Mizrahim
880:Galician
846:conflict
807:Hasidism
797:Haskalah
702:Diaspora
573:timeline
485:Timeline
398:Rabbinic
305:Kabbalah
280:Marriage
256:Tzedakah
246:Holidays
204:Religion
167:a series
165:Part of
118:Orthodox
97:
79:tefillin
46:. ›
35:template
6576:Commons
6504:Schools
6412:Vocolot
6337:Na'amat
6322:Maharat
6232:Bat Kol
5995:Divorce
5882:Mizrahi
5877:Israeli
5796:History
5657:Kaddish
5619:Menorah
5609:Mezuzah
5594:Tzitzit
5589:Machzor
5577:Midrash
5565:Tosefta
5560:Mishnah
5548:Ketuvim
5543:Nevi'im
5502:Chidush
5457:Customs
5434:Divorce
5414:Chuppah
5409:Ketubah
5351:Kashrut
5310:Yeshiva
5043:May 16,
4591:Haaretz
4296:May 13,
4270:May 20,
4235:May 20,
4206:la'alot
3955:225:2,
3937:Grünhut
3935:; also
3829:25:27)
3827:Genesis
3759:May 18,
3655:mitzvah
3635:mitzvah
3627:mitzvah
3623:simchat
3547:mitzvah
3436:kibbutz
3330:or the
3160:Parties
3094:maftir,
3086:aliyah,
3054:maftir,
2979:halakha
2926:Abraham
2897:Numbers
2878:Mishnah
2859:Numbers
2824:mitzvah
2761:Barechu
2722:Midrash
2692:Mishnah
2678:History
2656:מִצְוָה
2651:Mitzvah
2607:Shabbat
2595:puberty
2577:Mishnah
2535:Judaism
2529:) is a
2409:General
2400:Zionism
2376:Leftism
2366:Bundism
2290:Knaanic
2250:Yevanic
2235:Yiddish
2192:Yiddish
2187:Israeli
2164:Mizrahi
2154:Israeli
2125:Cuisine
2101:Ancient
2083:Secular
2029:Kashrut
2005:Wedding
1992:Customs
1984:Culture
1961:Science
1956:Renewal
1946:Karaite
1927:Hasidic
1859:Oceania
1845:Uruguay
1813:Jamaica
1793:Ecuador
1761:Bolivia
1705:Ukraine
1680:Romania
1655:Moldova
1635:Hungary
1625:Germany
1620:Georgia
1610:Finland
1605:Estonia
1600:Denmark
1595:Czechia
1580:Belarus
1570:Austria
1565:Armenia
1542:Vietnam
1457:Myanmar
1442:Lebanon
1362:Bahrain
1321:Tunisia
1299:Somalia
1274:Nigeria
1269:Namibia
1259:Morocco
1189:Eritrea
1134:Algeria
1018:Neofiti
927:Italkim
917:Juhurim
827:Zionism
776:Khazars
671:Sicarii
667:Zealots
663:Essenes
650:Schisms
515:Leaders
477:General
469:History
412:Tosefta
407:Midrash
384:Mishnah
366:Ketuvim
361:Nevi'im
310:Customs
241:Shabbat
236:Halakha
228: (
226:Mitzvot
213: (
179:Judaism
106:
6524:Places
6483:Lilith
6327:Ma'yan
6312:Kolech
6262:Hadran
6193:Cantor
6188:Scribe
6108:minyan
6093:Tkhine
6044:Yichud
6037:Negiah
6030:Tzniut
6001:Agunah
5848:(2020)
5805:(1893)
5677:Yizkor
5624:Shofar
5614:Kippah
5599:Tallit
5584:Siddur
5570:Gemara
5555:Talmud
5533:Tanakh
5429:Mikvah
5424:Niddah
5389:Yichus
5384:Tzniut
5315:Kollel
5300:Wimpel
5124:
5080:
4948:
4758:
4726:
4692:
4562:
4498:
4461:Rabbi
4202:Hebrew
4198:Aliyah
4160:
4099:
3880:
3858:Niddah
3784:May 5,
3779:Keshet
3752:
3725:May 5,
3641:(also
3555:Hebrew
3483:tallit
3475:Hebrew
3336:siddur
3324:Tanakh
3312:quorum
3308:minyan
3286:Reform
3238:emcees
3192:Prague
3188:Berlin
3130:Reform
3107:minyan
3078:aliyah
3064:maftir
3045:aliyah
2967:minyan
2943:Talmud
2893:Talmud
2855:Exodus
2779:priest
2757:school
2730:Isaiah
2696:Talmud
2597:. The
2581:Talmud
2519:), or
2471:Portal
2330:Domari
2260:Shassi
2221:Hebrew
2116:Humour
2060:Hiloni
2055:Aliyah
2015:Niddah
2000:Minyan
1935:Reform
1922:Haredi
1917:Modern
1818:Mexico
1803:Guyana
1766:Brazil
1728:Canada
1700:Sweden
1690:Serbia
1685:Russia
1670:Poland
1665:Norway
1645:Latvia
1630:Greece
1615:France
1590:Cyprus
1556:Europe
1527:Turkey
1517:Taiwan
1427:Kuwait
1412:Jordan
1402:Israel
1336:Zambia
1326:Uganda
1244:Malawi
1214:Guinea
1204:Gambia
1139:Angola
1125:Africa
1008:Dönmeh
1003:Anusim
947:Berber
885:Litvak
837:Israel
743:
680:
594:Second
562:
423:Targum
389:Gemara
375:Talmud
347:Tanakh
300:Ethics
251:Prayer
124:Reform
75:tallit
6469:Binah
6297:JWCIF
6292:JWCEO
6252:Eshel
5652:Shiva
5639:Death
5538:Torah
5487:Siyum
5482:Shiur
5462:Rites
4354:Topic
4112:. In
4074:9:2;
3975:Slate
3885:p. 7.
3597:) is
3526:Notes
3462:Gifts
3456:Purim
3349:posek
3278:Torah
3216:Miami
3175:dance
2963:Torah
2959:moral
2797:Jacob
2694:, or
2517:masc.
2419:Labor
2414:Green
2111:Dance
2069:Music
1888:Palau
1808:Haiti
1771:Chile
1695:Spain
1640:Italy
1547:Yemen
1507:Syria
1482:Qatar
1462:Nepal
1407:Japan
1382:India
1372:China
1311:Sudan
1234:Libya
1229:Kenya
1209:Ghana
1199:Gabon
1179:Egypt
1164:Benin
1023:Xueta
968:Lemba
587:First
452:Zohar
356:Torah
338:Texts
325:Rabbi
315:Rites
215:names
145:Theme
6392:WLCJ
6387:WIZO
6342:NCJW
6277:JOFA
5918:and
5122:ISBN
5078:ISBN
5045:2020
4978:2021
4946:ISBN
4903:2018
4814:2011
4791:2010
4756:ISBN
4724:ISBN
4701:2019
4690:ISSN
4658:2007
4627:2013
4598:2013
4560:ISBN
4496:ISBN
4448:2012
4417:2012
4394:2010
4361:2017
4320:2012
4298:2022
4272:2022
4237:2022
4158:ISBN
4128:2018
4034:5:21
4018:2018
3987:2007
3939:'s "
3908:2013
3878:ISBN
3847:5:21
3786:2023
3761:2024
3750:ISSN
3727:2023
3651:brit
3541:and
3479:chai
3434:The
3288:and
3173:hora
2924:26,
2871:Levi
2857:and
2795:and
2793:Esau
2755:and
2739:The
2662:and
2646:בַּת
2632:בֵּן
2624:בַּר
2527:fem.
1878:Guam
1873:Fiji
1828:Peru
1781:Cuba
1467:Oman
1437:Laos
1397:Iraq
1392:Iran
1349:Asia
1278:Igbo
1249:Mali
268:Brit
177:and
175:Jews
137:Type
126:and
112:Time
77:and
55:and
6397:WLI
6382:W4W
6377:WoW
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