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with his father. Sources claim multiple purposes for the trip, including
William's desire to give Brown traveling experience, evaluating possibilities for a new homestead, or to avoid a legal complaint of incest filed against William by Brown's oldest sister, Melissa. Upon returning from the trip in
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in the late 1850s and 1860s led to arson and theft of crops and livestock; he supported the family by digging and selling coal, as well as hauling supplies for the government with a freight line of ox-drawn wagons. In 1867, the Browns gave birth to their first son, Frank, who, in a few years, would
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Sponsored by the AMNH, Brown traversed the country bargaining and trading for fossils. His field was not limited to dinosaurs. He was known to collect or obtain anything of possible scientific value. Often, he simply sent money to have fossils shipped to the AMNH, and any new specimen of interest
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The Hell Creek digs produced extravagant quantities of fossils, enough to fill up whole train cars. As was common practice then, Brown's crews used controlled blasts of dynamite to remove the tons of rock covering their fossil discoveries. Everything was moved with horse-drawn wagons and pure
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in Canada, relocated the site of the bones using only an old photograph as a guide. He recommenced excavations there in the summer of 1998, and examination of the site under the
Tyrrell Museum's auspices lasted until August, 2005. However, after Currie took a new job at the
31:
273:(AMNH), led by paleontologist Jacob Wortman. In 1896, Wortman needed a replacement for an assistant, and Williston suggested Brown; he left his classes at the University of Kansas before the semester ended to accompany Wortman on an expedition to the
228:. Recognizing Brown's interest in science, his parents elected to send him to the only formal education available in Carbondale. He finished the highest level of schooling there in 1889, at the age of 16, and embarked on a four-month wagon journey to
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On
February 13, 1904, Brown married school teacher Marion Raymond in Oxford, New York. She accompanied him on several expeditions, including the 1905 trip to the Hell Creek Formation during which Brown discovered two additional
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261:, on a fossil collecting trip to Nebraska and South Dakota in the summer of 1894. Williston would become Brown's advisor and primary professor at KU, and invited him on another summer expedition to Wyoming in 1895.
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on
February 12, 1873 to William and Clara Silver Brown. Brown's parents moved to Kansas in 1859, traveling by covered wagon with their daughter, Melissa. Their second daughter, Alice Elizabeth, was born in 1860 in
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Brown lived at the tail end of an unprecedented age of scientific discovery, and was one of its more colorful practitioners. At dig sites in Canada, Brown was frequently photographed wearing a large fur coat.
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often resulted in a flurry of letters between the discoverer and Brown. With respect to nomenclature, Brown often named fossils after people or events that were relevant to his life at the time of discovery.
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As a young boy, Brown helped with household chores around the farm and began his first fossil collection while following the stripping plow, which unearthed fossil corals and Native
American
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family of fossil hunters. A playful, friendly rivalry arose between the Browns and the
Sternbergs, and their competing discoveries went down in the annals of paleontology.
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After graduating from high school, Brown attended the
University of Kansas and took an early interest in archaeology and paleontology. As a freshman, he took a course with
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501:, or the "ape-like creature of Mogaung", but considerable debate remains regarding its status as a primate and the lack of fossils compounds this issue.
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during a career that made him one of the most famous fossil hunters working from the late
Victorian era into the early 20th century.
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A Triceratops Hunt In
Pioneer Wyoming: The Journals of Barnum Brown & J.P. Sams: The University of Kansas Expedition of 1895
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In early
February of 1963, Brown slipped into a sudden coma and died on February 5. Brown was buried in River View Cemetery in
291:. In early 1897, Osborn offered Brown a job as an assistant curator at the AMNH as well as a scholarship for graduate work at
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Dingus, Lowell; Norell, Mark (2010). "Brown as a Spy, Movie Consultant, and Showman at the World's Fair (1942-1963)".
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In 1920, Brown met socialite Lillian MacLaughlin Brown while traveling in Egypt, and the couple were married in
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479:. A mandible with three teeth was recorded and catalogued at an exposure of sandstone outside of the town of
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in Wyoming. Brown impressed Wortman and the head curator of the AMNH's Vertebrate Paleontology Department,
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In 1910, in one of their most significant finds, Brown's team uncovered several hind feet from a group of
340:. In 1910, Brown was promoted to Associate Curator in the Vertebrate Paleontology Department at the AMNH.
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483:. He did not recognize the significance of his find until 14 years later, when vertebrate paleontologist
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in 1910, Frances was raised primarily by her maternal grandparents. She would go on to become a dean at
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William made a living in Kansas first by raising corn, hogs, and cattle, but the political turmoil of
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specimen and introducing new jacketing and collecting procedures. He also led an expedition to the
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Brown conducted his last formal field work season at the age of 83, when he returned to the
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1002:"He Was an All-Time Genius at Finding Tyrannosaurus Rexes. His Story Will Break Your Heart"
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in 1911. Left to right: Henry Osborn; Fred Saunders (cook from Stettler, Alberta) and Brown
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378:. There, Brown and his crew spent the middle 1910s floating down the river on a
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While working in South Dakota with Williston in 1894, Brown met a crew from the
840:
Dingus, Lowell; Norell, Mark (2010). "Apprentice Extraordinaire (1896-1898)".
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813:"Hidden History: Osage County boy's curiosity unearths enormous discoveries"
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Dingus, Lowell; Norell, Mark (2010). "Child of the Frontier (1873-1889)".
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funded many of Brown's expeditions and research, particularly during the
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399:. For years, the fossils were largely forgotten in the recesses of the
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1159:(Dinosaurs & Their Discoverers Series) by Brooke Hartzog (1999)
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Barnum Brown conducting field work in a fur coat in Montana, 1914.
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Lewis, G. Edward (1964). "Memorial to Barnum Brown (1873-1963)".
178:, was an American paleontologist. Named after the circus showman
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174:(February 12, 1873 – February 5, 1963), commonly referred to as
475:. Brown focused his fossil prospection along areas of Pondaung
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People associated with the American Museum of Natural History
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In early 1923, Brown travelled with his then-wife Lilian to
205:, where the family would build a one-room cabin on top of a
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Bird, Roland Thaxter (1985). Schreiber, V. Theodore (ed.).
487:, of the AMNH, identified the fossil as a new species of
1089:"Barnum Brown: The Man Who Discovered Tyrannosaurus Rex"
794:
Colbert, Edwin Harris (1968). "Canadian Dinosaur Rush".
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Bones for Barnum Brown: Adventures of a Dinosaur Hunter
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Archival Field Notebooks of Paleontological Expeditions
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Bones for Barnum Brown: Adventures of a Dinosaur Hunter
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10.1130/0016-7606(1964)75[P19:MTBB]2.0.CO;2
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Barnum Brown: The Man Who Discovered Tyrannosaurus Rex
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Barnum Brown: The Man Who Discovered Tyrannosaurus Rex
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Barnum Brown: The Man Who Discovered Tyrannosaurus Rex
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Barnum Brown: The Man Who Discovered Tyrannosaurus Rex
797:
Men and Dinosaurs: The Search in Field and Laboratory
653:"Barnum Brown Dies at 89; Noted Collector of Fossils"
618:, the hometown of his first wife, Marion Raymond.
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for AMNH in the late 1890s, discovering a prominent
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986:on April 11, 2015 – via University of Iowa.
731:. Fort worth: Texas Christian University Press.
697:Proceedings of the Geological Society of America
182:, he discovered the first documented remains of
903:American Museum of Natural History Fossil Halls
844:. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
770:. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
529:, he worked as an "intelligence asset" for the
344:manpower. Seldom were any site data recorded.
233:the fall, Brown began attending high school in
959:. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
899:"Personalities in Paleontology: Barnum Brown"
8:
588:. She also wrote a memoir about her father,
449:American Association of Petroleum Geologists
1185:by Lowell Dingus and Mark A. Norell (2010)
281:, with the discovery of a nearly complete
29:
18:
1063:"Miss Brown is Named Junior College Head"
929:"Science & Nature: Extreme Dinosaurs"
427:in Montana in 1955, where he collected a
265:American Museum of Natural History career
1119:, Walker Books for Young Readers (2006)
512:
411:, then head of dinosaur research at the
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397:Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park
927:Brightwell, Paul (November 23, 2000).
568:specimens. The couple had a daughter,
221:as a namesake for his little brother.
1036:Stagnaro, Melissa (August 21, 2008).
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413:Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology
253:, who then invited Brown, along with
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1157:Tyrannosaurus Rex & Barnum Brown
1132:– American Museum of Natural History
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495:in the world. He named the holotype
621:An homage to Brown was in the 1998
549:, and the company continues to use
320:Brown worked a handful of years in
113:Discovered first documented remains
16:American paleontologist (1873–1963)
868:Scott, Michon (October 23, 2022).
631:, in which he was played by actor
437:Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
401:American Museum of Natural History
271:American Museum of Natural History
14:
1276:20th-century American zoologists
1266:People from Osage County, Kansas
1000:Randall, David K. (2022-07-04).
811:Bevitt, Wendi (April 18, 2018).
572:, in 1908. After Marion died of
880:from the original on 2002-03-12
471:, the capital of what was then
1212:Works by or about Barnum Brown
584:, as well as the president of
1:
1117:Barnum Brown: Dinosaur Hunter
1087:Black, Riley (May 11, 2010).
659:. February 6, 1963. p. 9
628:T-Rex: Back to the Cretaceous
463:Earliest anthropoid discovery
441:Geological Society of America
439:, as well as a fellow of the
431:skeleton. He was a member of
531:Office of Strategic Services
453:New York Academy of Sciences
972:"Fossil Ancestors of Burma"
237:, then matriculated at the
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586:Chevy Chase Junior College
535:Bureau of Economic Warfare
498:Amphipithecus mogaungensis
445:Royal Geographical Society
118:Amphipithecus mogaungensis
1137:Fossil Ancestors of Burma
970:Ciochon, Russell (1985).
362:After nearly a decade in
196:Barnum Brown was born in
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28:
1231:American paleontologists
1069:. 1948-05-19. p. 23
982:(10): 26. Archived from
605:Bring 'em Back Petrified
251:Samuel Wendell Williston
136:Lillian McLaughlin Brown
559:Personal life and death
491:and the earliest known
457:Paleontological Society
1271:Scientists from Kansas
590:Let's Call Him Barnum,
518:
359:
317:
308:Henry Fairfield Osborn
279:Henry Fairfield Osborn
217:be the one to suggest
1203:Works by Barnum Brown
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418:University of Alberta
350:
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192:Family and early life
134:Marion Raymond Brown
1251:Hell Creek Formation
1236:American taxonomists
1093:Smithsonian Magazine
609:Cleopatra Slept Here
601:I Married a Dinosaur
407:. In the 1990s, Dr.
330:Hell Creek Formation
310:and the leg bone of
245:University of Kansas
239:University of Kansas
203:Osage County, Kansas
104:University of Kansas
800:. New York: Dutton.
541:for oil companies.
322:Como Bluff, Wyoming
293:Columbia University
657:The New York Times
519:
366:, Brown headed to
360:
318:
306:Brown (left) with
287:skeleton near the
275:Morrison Formation
255:Ermine Cowles Case
198:Carbondale, Kansas
1207:Project Gutenberg
817:Osage County News
738:978-0-87565-007-4
578:Radcliffe College
566:Tyrannosaurus rex
338:Tyrannosaurus rex
316:specimen AMNH 223
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152:Scientific career
124:Tyrannosaurus rex
51:February 12, 1873
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1216:Internet Archive
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582:Longwood College
570:Frances R. Brown
547:Great Depression
485:Edwin H. Colbert
332:of southeastern
145:Frances R. Brown
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70:February 5, 1963
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1096:. Retrieved
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1071:. Retrieved
1067:Evening star
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180:P. T. Barnum
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172:Barnum Brown
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161:Paleontology
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72:(1963-02-05)
23:Barnum Brown
1246:1963 deaths
1241:1873 births
523:World War I
409:Phil Currie
219:P.T. Barnum
90:Nationality
1225:Categories
1073:2024-07-16
1019:2024-07-09
938:2024-07-09
913:2009-03-17
884:2019-01-08
639:References
592:in 1987.
552:Diplodocus
493:anthropoid
455:, and the
429:plesiosaur
376:Drumheller
370:, and the
326:Diplodocus
313:Diplodocus
284:Coryphodon
226:arrowheads
55:Carbondale
47:1873-02-12
1014:1091-2339
477:Sandstone
384:Sternberg
356:Mary Jane
351:The AMNH
241:in 1893.
207:coal seam
176:Mr. Bones
131:Spouse(s)
878:Archived
611:(1951)
603:(1950),
597:Calcutta
533:and the
435:and the
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