260:. They are a part of Atmospheric Integrated Research for Understanding Chemistry at Interfaces (AirUCI), a collaboration from across the University of California-Irvine. AirUCI examines how air quality and climate change are affected by processes that occur at the atmosphere's air-water interface, and focuses on the impacts of energy use, air pollution, and air quality on human health.
248:
radicals in the atmosphere creates low-volatility particles, generating secondary organic aerosols. These particles were previously thought to condense into tiny droplets of liquid and then dissipate as those drops of liquid evaporate. Finlayson-Pitts and the team she worked with found that secondary
208:
The team said the creation of the chlorine nitrogen compounds could have negative implications for the reliability and lifetime of electronics that are susceptible to corrosion when the reaction takes place in doors. Light absorption crosses into section in near ultraviolet and overlaps strongly not
109:
In the atmosphere, emitted gases and particles may react further to form new chemical species. Some compounds may not react within the troposphere, but will break down and participate in further transformations in the higher stratosphere. The inorganic chemistry of oxides of nitrogen and sulfur in
110:
the gas phase are better understood than the interactions of nitrogen and sulfur oxides with organic compounds. Finlayson-Pitts and her colleagues have done important work on understanding the chemistry of the troposphere, in particular, the conversion of nitric oxide (NO) to nitrogen dioxide (NO
212:
In a 2010 paper, Finlayson-Pitts detailed the role of halogens in reactions of the lower atmosphere. She found that chlorine ions in the air help ozone formation, while bromine ions aide ozone destruction. Both ions are common in the troposphere due to cycles between seawater and gaseous phases.
97:
Finlayson-Pitts' research focuses on developing a molecular-level understanding of the fundamental kinetics, mechanisms, and photochemistry of gaseous reactions of particles. She is particularly interested in how reactions occur in different layers of the atmosphere, and at the interfaces of
61:. She and her team work to develop a molecular-level understanding of gaseous reactions of particles in different layers of the atmosphere, and at the interfaces between layers. They also study the interface between air and water. She emphasizes the "urgency for
119:
138:), two common compounds created from fossil fuel combustion prevalent in the atmosphere, and gaseous hydrogen chloride (HCl), which has reached concentrations of a few parts per billion in polluted air. The authors of the study proposed N
249:
organic aerosols actually attach themselves more tightly to organic particles in the air. Because of this, previous models underestimate the amount of fine particles, which are linked to both lung and heart disease, in the air.
213:
Chloride, which is many times more abundant than bromine, reacts with nitrogen and oxygen-containing compounds in both the aqueous and gas phases to form a variety of molecules that scatter light, including HCl, Cl
1026:
106:, she studies interactions at the interface between air and water, where gases meet liquids. Reactions that occur at the surface between layers may differ from the reactions that occur within each layer.
272:(1921–2014) in 1970. James Pitts was also a chemist. He followed her to the University of California, Irvine in 1994, where the two collaborated on research and co-authored books and other publications.
1046:
123:
that found that burning fossil fuels releases nitrogen oxides, which interact with gaseous hydrogen chloride to form smog-forming compounds. The study also found water vapor enhances the reaction.
863:
Perraud, V.; Bruns, E. A.; Ezell, M. J.; Johnson, S. N.; Yu, Y.; Alexander, M. L.; Zelenyuk, A.; Imre, D.; Chang, W. L.; Dabdub, D.; Pankow, J. F.; Finlayson-Pitts, B. J. (30 January 2012).
244:
radicals using an aerosol flow system. α-Pinene is emitted by vegetation in varying quantities, depending on temperature and light conditions. The reaction of α-pinene with NO
209:
only with solar radiation but also with that from fluorescent lights, causing smog. The chlorine-containing molecules also react with nitrogen monoxide (NO) to produce ozone.
1031:
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236:, to research the processes leading to secondary organic aerosol formation. More specifically, they studied particle formation under the simultaneous oxidation
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1016:
86:
563:
Kameda, Takayuki; Azumi, Eri; Fukushima, Aki; Tang, Ning; Matsuki, Atsushi; Kamiya, Yuta; Toriba, Akira; Hayakawa, Kazuichi (14 April 2016).
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229:
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which concluded that new models may be needed to address secondary organic aerosols. Finlayson-Pitts worked with scientists from UCI and the
82:
732:
257:
85:
in 1971 and 1973, respectively. After completing a postdoctoral fellowship at UC Riverside, she worked as a professor of chemistry at
540:
379:
1036:
1021:
446:
Read "The Future of
Atmospheric Chemistry Research: Remembering Yesterday, Understanding Today, Anticipating Tomorrow" at NAP.edu
23:
760:
Raff, J. D.; Njegic, B.; Chang, W. L.; Gordon, M. S.; Dabdub, D.; Gerber, R. B.; Finlayson-Pitts, B. J. (20 July 2009).
35:
253:
717:
The future of atmospheric chemistry research : remembering yesterday, understanding today, anticipating tomorrow
981:
762:"Chlorine activation indoors and outdoors via surface-mediated reactions of nitrogen oxides with hydrogen chloride"
314:
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62:
955:
42:. In 2016 she co-chaired the National Academy of Science report "The Future of Atmospheric Chemistry Research"
654:
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from 1974 to 1994. In 1994, she joined the chemistry department of the
University of California, Irvine.
39:
269:
78:
27:
879:
776:
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233:
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2004 American
Chemical Society Award for Creative Advances in Environmental Science & Technology
50:
22:
is a
Canadian-American atmospheric chemist. She is a professor in the chemistry department at the
303:
2009 Coalition for Clean Air Carl Moyer Award for
Scientific Leadership and Technical Excellence
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565:"Mineral dust aerosols promote the formation of toxic nitropolycyclic aromatic compounds"
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655:"87 days of smog: Southern California just saw its longest streak of bad air in decades"
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114:) in air and the subsequent formation of ozone, nitric acid, and organic nitrates.
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Chemistry of the Upper and Lower
Atmosphere: Theory, Experiments, and Applications
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99:
927:"Scientists Find New Dangers in Tiny but Pervasive Particles in Air Pollution"
46:
892:
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Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J. (February 2010). "Halogens in the
Troposphere".
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Finlayson-Pitts and her team examined reactions between nitrogen dioxide (NO
911:
865:"Nonequilibrium atmospheric secondary organic aerosol formation and growth"
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Finlayson-Pitts served as the lead author of a 2009 study published in the
956:"James Pitts dies at 93; his research led to cleaner air in California"
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and ways in which chemical reactions in the atmosphere are involved in
838:
588:
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1999 "Service
Through Chemistry" Award, Orange County Section of the
682:
154:. They also hypothesized water molecules promote the ionization of N
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195:
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Finlayson-Pitts also helped author a 2012 study published in the
81:, in 1970. She earned her master's and PhD in chemistry from the
300:, Southern California Section of the American Chemical Society
26:
and is the
Director of AirUCI Institute. Finlayson-Pitts and
687:
Southern
California Section of the American Chemical Society
427:"2017 National Award Recipients - American Chemical Society"
374:(1st ed.). Blackwell Pub. pp. 108–110, 147–148.
1027:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
355:
University of California Irvine - Faculty Profile System
65:
at all levels of government in the U.S. and globally".
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Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
73:
Finlayson-Pitts received a Bachelor of Science from
283:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
45:Finlayson-Pitts investigates the chemistry of the
252:Her research group has received funding from the
98:different layers. In addition to her work on the
535:. Vol. 43. Academic Press. pp. 85–87.
872:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
769:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
484:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
226:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
120:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
8:
719:. National Academies Press. pp. 48–50.
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622:
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371:Volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere
38:since 2006 and is the laureate for the 2017
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403:"Member Directory: Barbara Finlayson-Pitts"
1032:University of California, Riverside alumni
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858:
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677:
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925:Barringer, Felicity (February 18, 2012).
901:
891:
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683:"2007 Barbara Finlayson-Pitts, UC Irvine"
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1042:University of California, Irvine faculty
478:Finlayson-Pitts, B. J. (13 April 2010).
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753:
751:
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1052:21st-century American women scientists
532:Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry
87:California State University, Fullerton
230:Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
34:(1999). She has been a member of the
16:Canadian-American atmospheric chemist
7:
653:Barboza, Tony (September 21, 2018).
345:
343:
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982:"RSC Environment Prize 2019 Winner"
627:Rosenzweig, Efrat (July 13, 2009).
268:Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts married
83:University of California, Riverside
174:reacts with HCl (in the form of NO
14:
529:Richard, John P. (May 27, 2009).
368:Koppmann, Ralf (April 15, 2008).
146:exists as an asymmetric dimer, NO
24:University of California, Irvine
713:"Chapter 3 Understanding Today"
711:Consensus Study Report (2016).
1017:21st-century American chemists
1:
954:Barboza, Tony (2014-06-25).
407:National Academy of Sciences
351:"Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts"
310:, American Chemical Society
130:) and dinitrogen pentoxide(N
36:National Academy of Sciences
633:National Science Foundation
254:National Science Foundation
1068:
315:Royal Society of Chemistry
194:reacts with HCl, it forms
20:Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts
431:American Chemical Society
289:American Chemical Society
182:), it creates ClO and HNO
63:addressing climate change
1037:Trent University alumni
1022:American women chemists
893:10.1073/pnas.1119909109
790:10.1073/pnas.0904195106
629:"Every Breath You Take"
497:10.1073/pnas.1003038107
480:"Atmospheric Chemistry"
298:Richard C. Tolman Award
79:Peterborough, Ontario
827:Analytical Chemistry
258:Department of Energy
234:Richland, Washington
884:2012PNAS..109.2836P
781:2009PNAS..10613647R
775:(33): 13647–13654.
581:2016NatSR...624427K
281:1993 Fellow of the
30:are the authors of
28:James N. Pitts, Jr.
931:The New York Times
569:Scientific Reports
317:Environment Prize
961:Los Angeles Times
839:10.1021/ac901478p
659:Los Angeles Times
589:10.1038/srep24427
490:(15): 6566–6567.
464:978-0-309-44565-8
308:Garvan–Olin Medal
221:, ClO, and OClO.
40:Garvan–Olin Medal
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689:. 2012-07-17
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104:stratosphere
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986:www.rsc.org
270:James Pitts
100:troposphere
1006:Categories
991:2019-06-20
967:2014-07-18
936:16 October
740:16 October
693:16 October
664:16 October
638:16 October
548:16 October
412:2022-03-22
387:16 October
322:References
69:Education
912:22308444
847:20041651
809:19620710
607:27075250
516:20388910
449:. 2016.
256:and the
238:α-pinene
170:.When NO
93:Research
903:3286997
880:Bibcode
800:2713392
777:Bibcode
598:4830986
577:Bibcode
507:2872471
201:and HNO
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276:Awards
217:, ClNO
868:(PDF)
765:(PDF)
313:2019
306:2017
296:2007
162:to NO
47:upper
938:2018
908:PMID
843:PMID
805:PMID
742:2018
729:ISBN
695:2018
666:2018
640:2018
603:PMID
550:2018
537:ISBN
512:PMID
459:ISBN
389:2018
376:ISBN
196:ClNO
102:and
57:and
49:and
898:PMC
888:doi
876:109
835:doi
795:PMC
785:doi
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