579:
1026:. In the United States, these commonly have a capacity of 55 US gallons (208 L) and are referred to as such. They are called 200 litre or 200 kg drums outside the United States. In the United Kingdom and its former dependencies, a 44-imperial-gallon (200 L) drum was used, even though all those countries now officially use the metric system and the drums are filled to 200 litres. In the United States, the 42 US-gallon size as a unit of measure is largely confined to the oil industry, while different sizes of barrel are used in other industries. Nearly all other countries use the
981:, the first oil well in the US, was drilled in Pennsylvania in 1859, and an oil boom followed in the 1860s. When oil production began, there was no standard container for oil, so oil and petroleum products were stored and transported in barrels of different shapes and sizes. Some of these barrels would originally have been used for other products, such as beer, fish, molasses, or turpentine. Both the 42-US-gallon (159 L) barrels (based on the old English wine measure), the
40:
477:
729:). But due to tradition, the Mbbl acronym is used today meaning "one thousand bbl", as a heritage of the roman number "M" for Latin "mille" meaning "one thousand". On the other hand, there are efforts to avoid this ambiguity, and most of the barrel dealers today prefer to use kbbl, instead of Mbbl, mbbl, MMbbl or mmbbl.
913:
wells, in the United States it is common to refer to the injectivity rate in barrels of water per day (bwd). In Canada, it is measured in cubic metres per day (m/d). In general, water injection rates will be stated in the same units as oil production rates, since the usual objective is to replace the
878:
A barrel can technically be used to specify any volume. Since the actual nature of the fluids being measured varies along the stream, sometimes qualifiers are used to clarify what is being specified. In the oil field, it is often important to differentiate between rates of production of fluids, which
816:
Burning one tonne of light, synthetic, or heavy crude yields 38.51, 39.40, or 40.90 GJ (thermal) respectively (10.70, 10.94, or 11.36 MW·h), so 1 tonne per day of synthetic crude is about 456 kW of thermal power and 1 bpd of synthetic crude is about 378 kW (slightly less
1010:
Whereas, It is conceded by all producers of crude petroleum on Oil Creek that the present system of selling crude oil by the barrel, without regard to the size, is injurious to the oil trade, alike to the buyer and seller, as buyers, with an ordinary sized barrel cannot compete with those with large
993:
Around 1866, early oil producers in
Pennsylvania concluded that shipping oil in a variety of different containers was causing buyer distrust. They decided they needed a standard unit of measure to convince buyers that they were getting a fair volume for their money, and settled on the standard wine
934:
meters on the border, since the volumes are specified at different temperatures, and the exact conversion factor depends on both density and temperature. Canadian companies operate internally and report to
Canadian governments in cubic metres, but often convert to US barrels for the benefit of
841:
of 35), warming the oil from 59 °F (15 °C) to 60 °F (16 °C) might increase its volume by about 0.047%. Conversely, a heavy oil with a density of 934 kg/m (API gravity of 20) might only increase in volume by 0.039%. If physically measuring the density at a new temperature is
962:). In contrast, one tonne of crude oil might occupy 6.5 barrels (1,030 litres; 273 US gallons), and one tonne of gasoline will require 7.9 barrels (1,260 litres; 332 US gallons). Overall, the conversion is usually between 6 and 8 barrels (954 and 1,270 litres; 252 and 336 US gallons) per tonne.
846:
can be used to accurately predict the change in density. In turn, this allows maximum accuracy when converting between standard barrel and standard cubic metre. The logic above also implies the same level of accuracy in measurements for barrels if there is a 1 °F (0.56 °C) error in
833:
and 15 °C (59.0 °F)), occupies 1 cubic metre. The fact that the refence conditions are not exactly the same means that an exact conversion is impossible unless the exact expansion coefficient of the crude is known, and this will vary from one crude oil to another.
930:. In Canada, oil companies measure oil in cubic metres, but convert to barrels on export, since most of Canada's oil production is exported to the US. The nominal conversion factor is 1 cubic metre = 6.2898 oil barrels, but conversion is generally done by
79:, and so forth. For historical reasons the volumes of some barrel units are roughly double the volumes of others; volumes in common use range approximately from 100 to 200 litres (22 to 44 imp gal; 26 to 53 US gal). In many connections the term
1018:
By 1872, the standard oil barrel was firmly established as 42 US-gallons. The 42 gallon standard oil barrel was officially adopted by the
Petroleum Producers Association in 1872 and by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines in 1882.
879:
may be a mix of oil and water, and rates of production of the oil itself. If a well is producing 10 MBD (millions of barrels per day) of fluids with a 20% water cut, then the well would also be said to be producing 8,000 barrels of oil a day (bod).
1011:
ones. We, therefore, mutually agree and bind ourselves that from this date we will sell no crude by the barrel or package, but by the gallon only. An allowance of two gallons will be made on the gauge of each and every 40 gallons in favor of the buyer.
405:
in the US is based loosely on fractions of the US beer barrel. When referring to beer barrels or kegs in many countries, the term may be used for the commercial package units independent of actual volume, where common range for professional use is
220: in (43 cm), distance between heads 26 in (66 cm), circumference of bulge 64 in (160 cm) outside measurement; representing as nearly as possible 7,056 cubic inches; and the thickness of staves not greater than
451:
as holding 42 wine gallons. Custom had made the 42 gallon watertight tierce a standard container for shipping eel, salmon, herring, molasses, wine, whale oil, and many other commodities in the
English colonies by 1700. After the
954:. Since different varieties of petroleum have different densities, however, there is not a single conversion between mass and volume. For example, one tonne of heavy distillates might occupy a volume of 6.1 barrels (970
654:). This standard barrel of oil will occupy a different volume at different pressures and temperatures. A standard barrel in this context is thus not simply a measure of volume, but of volume under specific conditions. (
764:
in its early days. However, while Ida
Tarbell's 1904 Standard Oil Company history acknowledged the "holy blue barrel", the abbreviation "bbl" had been in use well before the 1859 birth of the U.S. petroleum industry.
989:
barrels were used. Also, 45-US-gallon (170 L) barrels were in common use. The 40 gallon whiskey barrel was the most common size used by early oil producers, since they were readily available at the time.
2291:
1699:
1088:
788:
or BOE is a value that accounts for both oil and natural gas while ignoring any water that is recovered. Other terms are used when discussing only oil. These terms can refer to either the production of
2807:
1118:"Barrels per stream day (chemical engineering) A measurement used to denote rate of oil or oil-product flow while a fluid-processing unit is in continuous operation. Abbreviated BSD."
2273:
323: in (10 mm) (diameter ≈ 18.62 in or 47.3 cm). No equivalent in cubic inches is given in the statute, but later regulations specify it as 5,826 cubic inches.
866:, Canada is 6.29287 U.S. barrels per standard cubic metre, despite the uncertainty in converting the volume for crude oil. Regulatory authorities in producing countries set
646:
is the amount of oil that would occupy a volume of exactly 1 barrel (158.99 L) at reference temperature and pressure conditions of 60 °F (15.6 °C) and 14.696
125:. As a result, the meaning of corresponding words and related concepts (vat, cask, keg etc.) in other languages often refers to a physical container rather than a known measure.
870:
of produced hydrocarbons, where such measurements affect taxes or royalties to the government. In the United
Kingdom, for instance, the measurement accuracy required is ±0.25%.
756:
The first "b" in "bbl" may have been doubled originally to indicate the plural (1 bl, 2 bbl), or possibly it was doubled to eliminate any confusion with bl as a symbol for the
100:
as a unit of measure has had various meanings throughout Europe, ranging from about 100 litres to about 1,000 litres. The name was derived in medieval times from the
230: in (10 mm) (diameter ≈ 20.37 in or 52 cm). Any barrel that is 7,056 cubic inches is recognized as equivalent. This is exactly equal to 26.25
1433:
2266:
1612:
2781:
829:
of oil is complicated by the fact that the latter is defined by the API to mean the amount of oil that, at different reference conditions (101.325
1410:
740:
refer to one thousand and one million barrels respectively. These are derived from the Latin "mille", meaning "thousand". This is different from the
1681:
587:
2259:
1346:
1226:
1083:
1073:
854:, international commodity exchanges often set a conversion factor for benchmark crude oils. For instance the conversion factor set by the
744:
convention for where "M" stands for "mega" representing million, from the Greek for "large". Outside of the oil industry, the unit Mbbl (
2235:
1169:
657:
560:
910:
1516:
902:(which do not depend on pressure or temperature). But when necessary, such volume is converted to a volume of oil of equivalent
813:(BSD or BPSD) is the quantity of oil product produced by a single refining unit during continuous operation for 24 hours.
1380:
498:
494:
1491:
1289:
1188:
2282:
1437:
1093:
1033:
Thus, the 42 US-gallon oil barrel is a unit of measure rather than a physical container used to transport crude oil.
943:
per barrel in financial reports and press statements, making it appear to the outside world that they operate in barrels.
927:
741:
710:
541:
2827:
1674:
1642:
855:
639:
513:
2240:
982:
906:
of combustion. Production and consumption using this analogue is stated in barrels of oil equivalent per day (boed).
1058:
520:
431:
44:
487:
2776:
2230:
1604:
397:). In the US most fluid barrels (apart from oil) are 31.5 US gallons (26 imp gal; 119 L) (half a
2822:
1053:
867:
785:
527:
2812:
1667:
1063:
859:
427:
2669:
2106:
1003:
805:. One BPD also becomes 49.8 tonnes per year. At an oil refinery, production is sometimes reported as
109:, of unknown origin, but still in use, both in French and as derivations in many other languages such as
2305:
1718:
1015:
And by that means, King
Richard III's English wine tierce became the American standard oil barrel.
670:
Oil companies that are publicly listed in the United States typically report their production using the
647:
509:
1402:
2745:
2695:
2122:
1098:
1022:
In modern times, many different types of oil, chemicals, and other products are transported in steel
891:
851:
826:
129:
31:
2761:
2735:
2720:
2223:
2177:
2147:
887:
453:
1006:
newspaper, stated on August 31, 1866 that "the oil producers have issued the following circular":
578:
2817:
2771:
2766:
2218:
2208:
843:
802:
605:
465:
137:
1563:
385:
Fluid barrels vary depending on what is being measured and where. In the UK a beer barrel is 36
132:
per barrel are commonly used, and the term is variously translated, often to derivations of the
809:(b/cd or bcd), which is total production in a year divided by the days in that year. Likewise,
1768:
1723:
1222:
1165:
863:
706:
1338:
2802:
1133:
1043:
1023:
931:
591:
118:
110:
81:
401:), but a beer barrel is 31 US gallons (26 imp gal; 117 L). The size of beer
2664:
2564:
2162:
1541:
936:
632:
440:
386:
340:
114:
101:
534:
313: in (149 cm) outside measurement; and the thickness of staves not greater than
760:. Some sources assert that "bbl" originated as a symbol for "blue barrels" delivered by
2740:
2700:
2569:
2192:
2167:
2127:
2060:
2019:
1969:
1690:
1592:. United Nations Environment Programme Global Marine Oil Pollution Information Gateway.
1068:
620:
367:
56:
1505:
914:
volume of oil produced with a similar volume of water to maintain reservoir pressure.
2796:
2643:
2605:
2213:
2172:
2137:
2075:
1793:
1788:
1158:
1027:
995:
698:
671:
651:
448:
1372:
594:" used in industry typically contain 55 U.S. gallons or 200 litres internationally.
2715:
2690:
2600:
2585:
2519:
2355:
2340:
2152:
2070:
2055:
2050:
2035:
1994:
1959:
1933:
1824:
1778:
1763:
971:
801:(BPD, BOPD, bbl/d, bpd, bd, or b/d), where 1 BPD is equivalent to 0.0292
794:
761:
361:
39:
1242:
1634:
2730:
2710:
2590:
2524:
2498:
2457:
2393:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2251:
2187:
2142:
2065:
2040:
1974:
1964:
1913:
1839:
1829:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1589:
1297:
1196:
1127:
923:
883:
838:
777:
613:
476:
444:
436:
370:, 280 pounds (127 kg) large barrel, or 180 pounds (82 kg) small barrel
1267:
797:, or the overall consumption of oil by a region or country. One common term is
47:, each holding 9 imperial gallons (41 L) or a quarter of a UK beer barrel.
2725:
2705:
2674:
2648:
2493:
2462:
2452:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2335:
2157:
2132:
2101:
1918:
1908:
1882:
1877:
1867:
1862:
1758:
978:
940:
757:
628:
590:
While the barrel as a unit of measurement for oil is 42 U.S. gallons, actual "
443:
from 1483 until 1485, had defined the wine puncheon as a cask holding 84
243:
178:
17:
685:(one million barrels), and occasionally (for wider comprehensive statistics)
343:), 4 cubic feet (113 L; 30 US gal) or 376 pounds (171 kg)
2620:
2544:
2503:
2080:
1078:
974:
959:
790:
773:
745:
624:
390:
168:
886:
in production and consumption figures. Normally, gas amount is measured in
329:
Some products have a standard weight or volume that constitutes a barrel:
784:(BLPD) refers to the total volume of liquid that is recovered. Similarly,
121:. In most countries such usage is obsolescent, increasingly superseded by
2615:
2447:
2085:
1999:
1954:
1903:
903:
726:
398:
333:
122:
926:(m) instead of oil barrels. Cubic metre is the basic volume unit in the
701:
barrels). There is a conflict concerning the units for oil barrels (see
2638:
2345:
2182:
1773:
986:
501: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2534:
2477:
1984:
1938:
1872:
1753:
1048:
935:
American investors and oil marketers. They generally quote prices in
357:
251:
231:
186:
96:
1373:"B.8 Factors for Units, Listed Alphabetically - Section B"
998:, which was two gallons larger than the standard whisky barrel. The
793:
at an oil well, the conversion of crude oil to other products at an
456:
in 1776, American merchants continued to use the same size barrels.
1130:
calculated from density_oil as API_g = (141.5 / SG ) − 131.5,
837:
For a light oil with density of 850 kilogram per cubic metre (
2595:
2472:
2045:
1928:
1887:
1160:
The New shorter Oxford
English Dictionary on Historical Principles
955:
951:
922:
Outside the United States, volumes of oil are usually reported in
718:
714:
407:
394:
353:
346:
247:
182:
133:
38:
1659:
2529:
2467:
2388:
2350:
2330:
2310:
1979:
1923:
1834:
1783:
1748:
1728:
1713:
722:
694:
2255:
1663:
1089:
Standard Barrel Act For Fruits, Vegetables, and Dry
Commodities
2610:
899:
830:
470:
411:
402:
156:
128:
In the international oil market context, however, prices in
1461:
970:
The measurement of an "oil barrel" originated in the early
895:
847:
measuring the temperature at time of measuring the volume.
155:
In other commercial connections, barrel sizes such as beer
1478:
McGraw-Hill
Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms
1322:
A Measure of All Things: The story of man and measurement
1544:. The Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC), UK
1219:
Encyclopaedia of Scientific Units, Weights and Measures
882:
In other circumstances, it can be important to include
658:
Standard temperature and pressure#Molar volume of a gas
946:
Companies on the European stock exchanges report the
939:
per cubic metre to other Canadian companies, but use
825:
The task of converting a standard barrel of oil to a
985:(159 litres) and the 40-US-gallon (150 L)
2808:
Customary units of measurement in the United States
2754:
2683:
2657:
2631:
2578:
2557:
2512:
2486:
2440:
2409:
2402:
2366:
2298:
2201:
2115:
2094:
2028:
2012:
1947:
1896:
1855:
1848:
1802:
1706:
1345:. American Oil & Gas Historical Society. 2016.
1157:
1506:"Western Canadian Select (WCS) Crude Oil Futures"
817:for light crude, slightly more for heavy crude).
717:" ("one million"), for example: MHz (one million
464:"Blue barrel" redirects here. For the plant, see
373:Butter and cheese in UK, 224 pounds (102 kg)
159:volumes also are standardised in many countries.
748:) can sometimes stand for one million barrels.
349:, 5 cubic feet (142 L; 37 US gal)
1008:
776:recover not just oil from the ground, but also
1268:"U.S. Traditional and Commercial Barrel Sizes"
299: in (64 cm), circumference of bulge
285: in (41 cm), distance between heads
2267:
1675:
8:
1333:
1331:
104:
43:Ale casks at a brewery in the UK. These are
2406:
2274:
2260:
2252:
1852:
1682:
1668:
1660:
1590:"How much, for what, and ending up where?"
1457:
1455:
1403:"History of the 42 Gallon Oil Barrel"
1339:"History of the 42 Gallon Oil Barrel"
1183:
1181:
702:
681:(one kilobarrel, one thousand barrels) or
30:"bbl" redirects here. For other uses, see
1407:American Oil & Gas Historical Society
561:Learn how and when to remove this message
1366:
1364:
1221:. London, UK: Springer. pp. 43–46.
271: in (72 cm), diameter of head
206: in (72 cm), diameter of head
1542:"Oil and gas: measurement of petroleum"
1148:
1111:
850:For ease of trading, communication and
59:applied in various contexts; there are
1436:. Schlumberger Limited. Archived from
27:Series of units for volume measurement
1615:from the original on 21 February 2016
1522:from the original on 6 September 2015
7:
2292:Comparison with imperial unit system
1413:from the original on 13 January 2016
1383:from the original on 13 October 2007
1349:from the original on 13 January 2016
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1074:List of unusual units of measurement
721:, or megahertz) and MB (one million
499:adding citations to reliable sources
87:is used almost interchangeably with
1700:Comparison with US customary system
894:(for volume at STP), as well as in
1645:from the original on 21 April 2008
1084:Petroleum pricing around the world
868:standards for measurement accuracy
713:, the uppercase letter "M" means "
631:, approximately 159 liters, or 35
25:
2782:Foot–pound–second system of units
1570:. Canadian National Energy Board
1434:"Schlumberger Oilfield Glossary"
577:
475:
1611:. Petroleum History Institute.
486:needs additional citations for
2236:Foot–pound–second system (FPS)
1136:= density_oil / density_water.
376:Salt, 280 pounds (130 kg)
94:Since medieval times the term
1:
2283:United States customary units
1377:Guide for the Use of SI units
1217:Cardarelli, François (2003).
1094:United States customary units
842:not possible, then tables of
711:International System of Units
381:Fluid barrel in the US and UK
856:New York Mercantile Exchange
703:§ Definitions and units
640:American Petroleum Institute
2241:Twenty-foot equivalent unit
655:
257:Defined as length of stave
192:Defined as length of stave
2844:
2675:Kilopounds per square inch
1639:Units and Systems of Units
1564:"Energy Conversion Tables"
1494:. Canada Energy Regulator.
1492:"Energy conversion tables"
1059:English brewery cask units
862:(WCS) crude oil traded at
463:
432:English brewery cask units
425:
166:
29:
2777:English Engineering Units
2289:
2231:English Engineering units
1697:
1164:. Oxford, UK: Clarendon.
918:Related kinds of quantity
786:barrels of oil equivalent
782:barrels of liquid per day
336:, 200 pounds (91 kg)
240:US barrel for cranberries
2684:Other units and measures
2116:Other units and measures
1603:Pees, Samuel T. (2004).
1324:. Macmillan. p. 60.
1054:Barrel of oil equivalent
807:barrels per calendar day
1635:"Barrel (of petroleum)"
1465:Statistical Review 2006
1064:English wine cask units
860:Western Canadian Select
428:English wine cask units
2670:Pounds per square inch
2107:Pounds per square inch
1432:Schlumberger Limited.
1156:Brown, Lesley (1993).
1013:
1004:Oil City, Pennsylvania
811:barrels per stream day
644:standard barrel of oil
627:defined as exactly 42
105:
48:
2306:Thousandth of an inch
1719:Thousandth of an inch
1480:(6th ed.). 2003.
1343:Oil & Gas History
892:standard cubic metres
130:United States dollars
42:
2746:Ton of refrigeration
2696:British thermal unit
2123:British thermal unit
1641:. Sizes, Inc. 2004.
1099:Units of measurement
928:International System
852:financial accounting
827:standard cubic metre
780:and water. The term
495:improve this article
360:(110 L) or 196
232:US dry gal
32:BBL (disambiguation)
2828:Alcohol measurement
2762:American wire gauge
2736:Pound-foot (torque)
2721:Foot-pound (energy)
1515:. CME Group. 2009.
1300:on 25 January 2006.
1199:on 25 January 2006.
888:standard cubic feet
709:, according to the
707:physical quantities
623:used for measuring
454:American Revolution
163:Dry goods in the US
2772:Body jewelry sizes
2767:Avoirdupois system
2209:Avoirdupois system
1568:Energy Information
1440:on 3 November 2011
1243:"cranberry barrel"
803:gallons per minute
732:The abbreviations
510:"Barrel" unit
466:Blue barrel cactus
339:Cement (including
55:is one of several
49:
2790:
2789:
2553:
2552:
2249:
2248:
2008:
2007:
1605:"Standardization"
1270:. 2000 Sizes, Inc
1228:978-1-4471-1122-1
864:Hardisty, Alberta
705:). For all other
638:According to the
571:
570:
563:
545:
16:(Redirected from
2835:
2407:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2253:
1853:
1684:
1677:
1670:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1521:
1510:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1474:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1368:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1335:
1326:
1325:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1296:. Archived from
1294:uscode.house.gov
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1214:
1201:
1200:
1195:. Archived from
1193:uscode.house.gov
1185:
1176:
1175:
1163:
1153:
1137:
1134:specific gravity
1125:
1119:
1116:
937:Canadian dollars
932:custody transfer
661:
633:imperial gallons
581:
566:
559:
555:
552:
546:
544:
503:
479:
471:
387:imperial gallons
322:
321:
317:
312:
311:
307:
304:
298:
297:
293:
290:
284:
283:
279:
276:
270:
269:
265:
262:
229:
228:
224:
219:
218:
214:
211:
205:
204:
200:
197:
108:
73:U.S. beer barrel
69:U.K. beer barrel
21:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2823:Units of volume
2793:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2755:Related systems
2750:
2679:
2665:Inch of mercury
2653:
2627:
2574:
2565:Feet per second
2549:
2508:
2482:
2436:
2398:
2362:
2294:
2285:
2280:
2250:
2245:
2202:Related systems
2197:
2163:Horsepower-hour
2111:
2090:
2024:
2004:
1943:
1892:
1844:
1798:
1702:
1693:
1688:
1658:
1648:
1646:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1618:
1616:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1545:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1460:
1453:
1443:
1441:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1416:
1414:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1386:
1384:
1370:
1369:
1362:
1352:
1350:
1337:
1336:
1329:
1320:Whitelaw, Ian.
1319:
1318:
1314:
1310:27 CFR § 25.11.
1309:
1305:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1273:
1271:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1251:
1249:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1229:
1216:
1215:
1204:
1187:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1039:
1000:Weekly Register
968:
920:
911:water-injection
909:In the case of
876:
823:
799:barrels per day
771:
754:
668:
650:(1,013.25
602:
597:
596:
595:
589:
584:
583:
582:
567:
556:
550:
547:
504:
502:
492:
480:
469:
462:
441:King of England
434:
424:
383:
341:Portland cement
319:
315:
314:
309:
305:
302:
300:
295:
291:
288:
286:
281:
277:
274:
272:
267:
263:
260:
258:
226:
222:
221:
216:
212:
209:
207:
202:
198:
195:
193:
171:
165:
57:units of volume
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2841:
2839:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2813:Imperial units
2810:
2805:
2795:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2748:
2743:
2741:Spinning count
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2701:Degree (angle)
2698:
2693:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2570:Miles per hour
2567:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2413:
2411:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2256:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2193:Spinning count
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2020:Miles per hour
2016:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1859:
1857:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1769:Gunter's chain
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1691:Imperial units
1689:
1687:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1664:
1657:
1656:
1626:
1595:
1581:
1555:
1533:
1513:NYMEX Rulebook
1497:
1483:
1469:
1451:
1424:
1394:
1371:B. N. Taylor.
1360:
1327:
1312:
1303:
1281:
1259:
1234:
1227:
1202:
1177:
1170:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1120:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1069:Imperial units
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1044:55 gallon drum
1040:
1038:
1035:
967:
964:
919:
916:
875:
872:
844:empirical data
822:
819:
770:
767:
753:
750:
689:(or sometimes
672:unit multiples
667:
666:Unit multiples
664:
621:unit of volume
601:
598:
586:
585:
576:
575:
574:
573:
572:
569:
568:
483:
481:
474:
461:
458:
423:
420:
418:of 50 L.
410:, typically a
382:
379:
378:
377:
374:
371:
368:Lime (mineral)
365:
350:
344:
337:
327:
326:
325:
324:
237:
236:
235:
164:
161:
99:
86:
26:
24:
18:Barrel per day
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2840:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2606:Hundredweight
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2288:
2284:
2277:
2272:
2270:
2265:
2263:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2214:English units
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2173:Pound (force)
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2076:Hundredweight
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1970:Fluid Scruple
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1789:Nautical mile
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1685:
1680:
1678:
1673:
1671:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1630:
1627:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1599:
1596:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1569:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1518:
1514:
1507:
1501:
1498:
1493:
1487:
1484:
1479:
1473:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1425:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1395:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1316:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1285:
1282:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1248:
1247:www.sizes.com
1244:
1238:
1235:
1230:
1224:
1220:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1171:0-19-861271-0
1167:
1162:
1161:
1152:
1149:
1143:
1135:
1129:
1124:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1105:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1028:metric system
1025:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
991:
988:
984:
980:
976:
973:
965:
963:
961:
957:
953:
949:
944:
942:
938:
933:
929:
925:
917:
915:
912:
907:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
880:
873:
871:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
848:
845:
840:
835:
832:
828:
820:
818:
814:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
787:
783:
779:
775:
768:
766:
763:
759:
751:
749:
747:
743:
739:
735:
730:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
697:-barrel (one
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
673:
665:
663:
659:
653:
649:
645:
641:
636:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
615:
611:
607:
599:
593:
588:
580:
565:
562:
554:
543:
540:
536:
533:
529:
526:
522:
519:
515:
512: –
511:
507:
506:Find sources:
500:
496:
490:
489:
484:This section
482:
478:
473:
472:
467:
459:
457:
455:
450:
446:
442:
438:
433:
429:
421:
419:
417:
413:
409:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
380:
375:
372:
369:
366:
363:
359:
355:
352:Wheat or rye
351:
348:
345:
342:
338:
335:
332:
331:
330:
256:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
238:
233:
191:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
175:US dry barrel
173:
172:
170:
162:
160:
158:
153:
151:
147:
144:(for example
143:
139:
135:
131:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
107:
103:
98:
95:
92:
90:
85:
84:
80:
78:
74:
70:
67:(such as the
66:
65:fluid barrels
62:
58:
54:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2716:Foot-lambert
2691:Bolt (cloth)
2539:
2153:Foot-poundal
2071:Long hundred
2051:Pound (mass)
1989:
1975:Fluid Drachm
1934:Trade gallon
1647:. Retrieved
1638:
1629:
1617:. Retrieved
1608:
1598:
1584:
1572:. Retrieved
1567:
1558:
1546:. Retrieved
1536:
1524:. Retrieved
1512:
1500:
1486:
1477:
1472:
1464:
1442:. Retrieved
1438:the original
1427:
1415:. Retrieved
1406:
1397:
1385:. Retrieved
1376:
1351:. Retrieved
1342:
1321:
1315:
1306:
1298:the original
1293:
1290:"15 USC 237"
1284:
1272:. Retrieved
1262:
1250:. Retrieved
1246:
1237:
1218:
1197:the original
1192:
1189:"15 USC 234"
1159:
1151:
1132:where SG is
1123:
1114:
1032:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1009:
999:
992:
972:Pennsylvania
969:
947:
945:
924:cubic metres
921:
908:
881:
877:
858:(NYMEX) for
849:
836:
824:
815:
810:
806:
798:
795:oil refinery
781:
772:
762:Standard Oil
755:
737:
733:
731:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
669:
643:
637:
616:
609:
606:oil industry
603:
557:
548:
538:
531:
524:
517:
505:
493:Please help
488:verification
485:
445:wine gallons
435:
415:
384:
364:(89 kg)
328:
244:cubic inches
239:
179:cubic inches
174:
154:
149:
145:
141:
127:
93:
88:
82:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
52:
50:
36:
2711:Foot-candle
2644:Pound-force
2458:Fluid ounce
2394:Square mile
2384:Square yard
2379:Square foot
2374:Square inch
2143:Foot-candle
1914:Fluid ounce
1840:Square mile
1820:Square yard
1815:Square foot
1810:Square inch
1609:Oil History
1128:API gravity
839:API gravity
778:natural gas
614:unit symbol
600:Definitions
447:and a wine
437:Richard III
406:20–60
393:; 164
391:US gal
77:oil barrels
61:dry barrels
2797:Categories
2726:Horsepower
2706:Fahrenheit
2494:Board foot
2453:Tablespoon
2432:Cubic mile
2427:Cubic yard
2422:Cubic foot
2417:Cubic inch
2219:Winchester
2178:Pound-foot
2158:Horsepower
2148:Foot-pound
2133:Fahrenheit
1909:Tablespoon
1883:Cubic mile
1878:Cubic yard
1868:Cubic foot
1863:Cubic inch
1724:Barleycorn
1619:13 January
1574:13 January
1548:14 January
1526:14 January
1417:23 October
1387:18 October
1353:13 January
1144:References
979:Drake Well
975:oil fields
960:US gallons
950:of oil in
941:US dollars
874:Qualifiers
821:Conversion
746:megabarrel
656:See also:
629:US gallons
521:newspapers
460:Oil barrel
426:See also:
358:US bushels
252:US bushels
187:US bushels
167:See also:
2818:Petroleum
2545:Acre-foot
2504:Face cord
2224:Exchequer
2081:Ship load
1444:27 August
1079:Petroleum
791:crude oil
774:Oil wells
769:Flow rate
752:Etymology
642:(API), a
551:July 2023
389:(43
356:, three
169:Dry goods
2658:Pressure
2448:Teaspoon
2095:Pressure
2000:Hogshead
1955:Chaldron
1904:Teaspoon
1649:11 April
1643:Archived
1613:Archived
1517:Archived
1411:Archived
1381:Archived
1379:. NIST.
1347:Archived
1274:26 April
1037:See also
904:enthalpy
727:Megabyte
416:Euro keg
399:hogshead
334:Cornmeal
177:: 7,056
138:Teutonic
123:SI units
2803:Brewing
2639:Poundal
2441:Cooking
2410:Derived
2356:statute
2346:Furlong
2183:Poundal
2168:Kenning
2138:Rankine
2061:Quarter
1897:Cooking
1856:Derived
1774:Furlong
987:whiskey
966:History
699:billion
619:) is a
604:In the
535:scholar
422:History
318:⁄
308:⁄
294:⁄
280:⁄
266:⁄
225:⁄
215:⁄
201:⁄
181:(115.6
119:Spanish
111:Italian
45:firkins
2540:Barrel
2535:Bushel
2478:Gallon
2403:Volume
2299:Length
2128:Degree
2041:Drachm
1990:Barrel
1985:Bushel
1939:Gallon
1873:Hoppus
1849:Volume
1794:League
1754:Fathom
1707:Length
1225:
1168:
1049:Barrel
996:tierce
983:tierce
977:. The
958:; 256
956:litres
952:tonnes
693:) for
610:barrel
608:, one
537:
530:
523:
516:
508:
449:tierce
362:pounds
250:; 2.7
248:litres
246:(95.5
242:5,826
185:; 3.3
183:litres
117:, and
115:Polish
102:French
97:barrel
89:barrel
53:barrel
2632:Force
2621:Short
2601:Pound
2596:Ounce
2586:Grain
2558:Speed
2520:Minim
2513:Other
2473:Quart
2341:Chain
2056:Stone
2046:Ounce
2036:Grain
2013:Speed
1995:Stuck
1960:Minim
1948:Other
1929:Quart
1888:Tmcft
1825:Perch
1779:Cable
1764:Chain
1520:(PDF)
1509:(PDF)
1252:2 May
1106:Notes
1024:drums
1002:, an
738:MMbbl
725:, or
723:bytes
719:hertz
715:mega-
683:MMbbl
592:drums
542:JSTOR
528:books
354:flour
347:Sugar
140:root
134:Latin
106:baril
2731:Perm
2616:Long
2591:Dram
2579:Mass
2530:Peck
2525:Gill
2499:Cord
2487:Wood
2468:Pint
2389:Acre
2367:Area
2351:Mile
2331:Yard
2326:Foot
2321:Link
2316:Hand
2311:Inch
2188:Span
2066:Slug
2029:Mass
1980:Peck
1965:Gill
1924:Pint
1835:Acre
1830:Rood
1803:Area
1784:Mile
1749:Yard
1744:Foot
1739:Link
1734:Hand
1729:Inch
1714:Twip
1651:2008
1621:2016
1576:2016
1550:2016
1528:2016
1446:2010
1419:2014
1389:2007
1355:2016
1276:2007
1254:2018
1223:ISBN
1166:ISBN
948:mass
758:bale
736:and
734:Mbbl
695:giga
687:Gbbl
679:Mbbl
675:kbbl
514:news
430:and
403:kegs
150:Fass
83:drum
71:and
2649:Kip
2611:Ton
2463:Cup
2336:Rod
2102:Ksi
2086:Ton
1919:Cup
1759:Rod
900:Btu
898:or
890:or
884:gas
831:kPa
691:Gbl
677:or
652:hPa
648:psi
625:oil
617:bbl
497:by
414:or
412:DIN
157:keg
152:).
148:or
146:vat
142:fat
75:),
2799::
1637:.
1607:.
1566:.
1511:.
1462:BP
1454:^
1409:.
1405:.
1375:.
1363:^
1341:.
1330:^
1292:.
1245:.
1205:^
1191:.
1180:^
1030:.
896:kg
742:SI
662:)
635:.
439:,
320:10
301:58
287:25
273:16
259:28
254:)
227:10
208:17
194:28
189:)
136:/
113:,
91:.
63:,
51:A
2275:e
2268:t
2261:v
1683:e
1676:t
1669:v
1653:.
1623:.
1578:.
1552:.
1530:.
1467:.
1448:.
1421:.
1391:.
1357:.
1278:.
1256:.
1231:.
1174:.
660:.
612:(
564:)
558:(
553:)
549:(
539:·
532:·
525:·
518:·
491:.
468:.
408:L
395:L
316:4
310:2
306:1
303:+
296:4
292:1
289:+
282:4
278:1
275:+
268:2
264:1
261:+
234:.
223:4
217:8
213:1
210:+
203:2
199:1
196:+
34:.
20:)
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