265:
256:
247:
238:
229:
140:
644:. A Turkish infantry effort was also repelled by the bombardments of the Russian chief of artillery, General Brimmer. At that time, the battle for the Turkish battery on the right ended in defeat for the Turks and General Kishinsky redirected his infantry to counterattack the Turkish left. By 3 pm the Russians entered the village of Oğuzlu. At that point, the Turks began to flee in disarray and the battle was over. Those Turks not taken captive withdrew in retreat west toward their fortress in Kars.
611:
impossible and that he must take a stand and fight the
Russians. Although the size of the Turkish army had shrunk somewhat from the start of the expedition, most notably from the loss of 3,000 members of the irregular cavalry that returned to their homes and Kars, Ahmed Pasha believed that he still held numerical superiority. Being caught by the Russians therefore may not have been untoward as Ahmed Pasha was seeking to demonstrate his skills in battle and believed that he could defeat the Russians.
39:
636:
flank. At the same time, Russian
General Baggovut and his dragoons fought off the Turkish cavalry, crossed the river, and rode to the top of the plateau where they attacked the Turkish squares with their mobile guns. This led to the destruction of the squares and the capture of the full 20-gun battery. At that point, the entire right wing and part of the center of the Turkish defenses crumbled. The Turkish infantry then began to scatter and retreat.
219:
210:
199:
190:
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159:
128:
632:
battery. The first line moved to their left and supported the efforts of the second line grenadiers. After the
Russians reached the top of the ravine several guns were initially captured, but Turkish reserves counterattacked and quickly reclaimed their armaments. During this offensive charge, Russian casualties were high and included the loss of General Orbeliani.
590:
offensive especially with the coming of winter. As a result, Abdi Pasha abandoned
Bayindir and began a retreat back to the Turkish fortress at Kars. Russian General Bebutov, on the other hand, seemed to sense an opportunity to strike at his enemy and made the decision to pursue the retreating Turks.
647:
Too exhausted to pursue their enemy, the
Russians allowed many of the Turks to withdraw. Although the Russians suffered 1,200–1,300 casualties including approximately 300 men killed, the Turkish losses were much higher at 6,000–8,000 casualties including approximately 1,500 men killed. The Turks also
589:
For the next 12 days there was no further fighting. During that time, Abdi Pasha remained in
Bayindir bringing up additional reinforcements and building fortifications. Ultimately, however, Abdi Pasha became concerned that his army was not large enough and lacked adequate provisions to begin a major
660:
More importantly from a strategic viewpoint, the
Turkish loss demonstrated to the allies of the Ottoman Empire that the Turkish military was not capable of resisting the invasion of the Russians without assistance. This resulted in a deeper intervention of the western European powers in the affairs
631:
At approximately 1 pm, Bebutov changed his battle plan and decided to attack the Turk's right wing where the main artillery battery was located. Grenadiers from the second line under the command of
Generals Orbeliani and Bagration-Mukhransky were sent straight up the ravine toward the Turkish
627:
The battle began at noon with a short exchange of artillery fire. Shortly thereafter, Bebutov followed his original battle plan and sent infantry from the first line commanded by
General Kishinsky in an attempt to climb the ravine and attack the Turks on their left wing near the village of Oğuzlu.
614:
To defend against the
Russians, Ahmed Pasha deployed his forces along the Mavryak Chai River between two small villages. On the left near the village of Oğuzlu were six battalions of infantry and one cavalry regiment. On the right near the village of Hamzagerek was the main battery of 20 guns and
606:
in Georgian territory. Part of the blame for the defeat at Akhaltsikhe was attributed to Abdi Pasha and his decision not to conduct an offensive campaign against the Russians. As a result, Abdi Pasha made the decision to immediately go to Kars, putting the command of the retreating army into the
639:
As this fighting was taking place, the Turkish forces on the left wing near the village of Oğuzlu mounted an offensive on the Russian right. The Turkish and Kurd cavalry forces repeatedly attempted to execute flanking movements but their efforts were repelled by the Russian dragoons and cavalry
635:
Just as it looked as if the Russian attack on the Turkish right wing would fail, General Bebutov arrived with two battalions of grenadiers from the reserve and renewed the attack. General Bagration-Mukhransky was able to regroup and lead his men to a position where he could hit the Turks in the
618:
As Bebutov and the Russians approached the Turk's defensive positions on the morning of 1 December, the Russian plan was to attack the village of Oğuzlu in part to block the Turks from retreating down the road leading to Kars. The Russian battle formation consisted of three lines: A first line
619:
composed of nine battalions – dragoons on the edges with four light guns, infantry in the center with 16 guns, and 900 Cossacks; a second line composed of four battalions of grenadiers and six guns; and a reserve third line composed of three battalions of grenadiers and a regiment of cavalry.
610:
Sometime after Abdi Pasha had departed for Kars while the Turkish army was still in the vicinity of Başgedikler, Ahmed Pasha learned that the Russians were at the Karschai River, merely 10 kilometers away. Given the closeness of the enemy, Ahmed Pasha decided that avoiding a battle would be
656:
The Turkish loss at Başgedikler ended the Ottoman Empire's ability to seize the Caucasus at the start of the Crimean War. It established the border with Russia over the winter of 1853–1854 and allowed the Russians time to reinforce their presence in the region.
558:
After the declaration of war between the Russian and Ottoman Empires in October 1853, both countries amassed armies on the two primary fronts, along the Danube and in the southern Caucasus. Russia maintained its primary military outpost in the area at
598:
On 18 November in pursuit of the retreating Turks, Bebutov had his army at Baş Şüregel on the west bank of the Akhurian River. The next morning Bebutov and his forces reached Pirvali where they proceeded to forge the Karschai River.
615:
four battalions, two in squares on the right and two behind. Between the two villages along a steep ravine were eight battalions along with Turkish and Kurd cavalry regiments. In reserve were three infantry battalions and six guns.
607:
hands of his chief of staff, Ahmed Pasha. Abdi Pasha ordered Ahmed Pasha to continue the retreat and did not believe that the Russians would continue a pursuit that would take them extensively into Turkish territory.
585:
immediately responded and lead a force of 10,000 men with 28 guns to Bayindir where on 14 November he engaged the Turks but quickly retreated after suffering a loss of 1,000 men to the Turkish artillery.
574:
which served as the border with Russia. Across the river at that point was the Russian garrison of Bayindir and it was the intention of the Turks to drive the Russians back to Alexandropol.
337:
2453:
2434:
1042:
581:
easily drove 2,000 members of the Russian irregular cavalry out of Bayindir and took control of the garrison. The Russian commander at Alexandropol, General
2918:
1632:
2129:
1033:
1567:
1548:
504:
602:
On 26 November after Abdi Pasha and his retreating army had reached Başgedikler, news was received that Russian forces had defeated the Turks at
2927:
1234:
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919:
900:
330:
1928:
1712:
1138:
1923:
477:
76:
2969:
2959:
1347:
1248:
2034:
628:
The Russian offensive was quickly repulsed by the Turkish infantry protected by their fortifications and hidden in the ravine.
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2862:
2180:
2174:
2169:
2163:
1391:
641:
323:
183:
1096:
2207:
1947:
1772:
2778:
1131:
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1959:
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2429:
2285:
2196:
2191:
2186:
1026:
2107:
2856:
2707:
2516:
603:
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203:
1912:
1821:
1739:
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2752:
2041:
2028:
1853:
1765:
1732:
1691:
1333:
1055:
2201:
1934:
1918:
1588:
1574:
1494:
1411:
578:
487:
1807:
1457:
2877:
2582:
2372:
2292:
2279:
2152:
2141:
1657:
1381:
1019:
460:
1979:
1835:
2850:
2834:
2794:
2788:
2745:
2557:
2521:
2424:
2408:
2390:
2377:
2332:
2327:
2298:
2213:
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2006:
1994:
1974:
1953:
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38:
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1625:
1534:
1527:
1468:
1316:
1288:
1254:
1194:
526:
455:
570:
In November 1853, the Turks assembled an army of 36,000 men and advanced from Kars to Baş Şüregel on the
2758:
2692:
2672:
2499:
2342:
2308:
1793:
1753:
1554:
1513:
1259:
1209:
1075:
448:
438:
2723:
2419:
2047:
1964:
1786:
546:
when a Russian army attacked and defeated a large Turkish force near the village of Başgedikler in the
364:
1746:
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2687:
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2628:
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2472:
2337:
2314:
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2000:
1941:
1887:
1876:
1674:
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1638:
1506:
1442:
1293:
1227:
1199:
1177:
1165:
1159:
2810:
2805:
2729:
2717:
2677:
2633:
2367:
2071:
1984:
1869:
1800:
1600:
1541:
1480:
1417:
1215:
1182:
1103:
516:
494:
443:
411:
2892:
2887:
2651:
2644:
2638:
2616:
2587:
2551:
2546:
2536:
2439:
2352:
2347:
2234:
2157:
2087:
2081:
1669:
1520:
1487:
1386:
1371:
1366:
1276:
1271:
1265:
1110:
511:
482:
472:
379:
2564:
2494:
2076:
2816:
2800:
2768:
2610:
2592:
2571:
2414:
2383:
2135:
2101:
2058:
2011:
1969:
1882:
1858:
1847:
1814:
1663:
1618:
1594:
1560:
1152:
1145:
1124:
1117:
1082:
1011:
915:
896:
521:
406:
401:
45:
2845:
2483:
2477:
2321:
2254:
1989:
1697:
1474:
1462:
1436:
1423:
1406:
1241:
1221:
1204:
1188:
1089:
374:
369:
2897:
2882:
2867:
2763:
2702:
2697:
2657:
2597:
2541:
2489:
2362:
2357:
2112:
2094:
2016:
1905:
1841:
1759:
1644:
1401:
1310:
1282:
1171:
428:
2773:
2667:
2622:
1779:
1452:
1046:
582:
571:
264:
255:
246:
237:
228:
218:
209:
198:
189:
178:
169:
163:
158:
144:
139:
132:
127:
70:
2953:
2739:
1581:
1447:
547:
416:
966:
929:
433:
987:
543:
347:
30:
945:
648:
lost their entire camp along with 24 guns, military supplies, and provisions.
855:
91:
78:
912:
The Ottoman Crimean War (1853–1856) (Ottoman Empire and Its Heritage)
560:
577:
On 13 November, the Ottoman Anatolian army under the command of
564:
1015:
319:
750:
748:
315:
866:
864:
767:
765:
763:
712:
710:
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677:
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673:
2826:
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2452:
2400:
2246:
2233:
2121:
1724:
1711:
1610:
1359:
1346:
1326:
1067:
1054:
946:"General of the Artillery E.V. Brimmer (1797–1874)"
932:. International Military History Association. 2009
856:General of the Artillery E.V. Brimmer (1797–1874)
754:
23:
1027:
331:
8:
716:
2919:List of Ottoman battles in the 20th century
661:of the Crimean War and the Ottoman Empire.
2462:
2243:
1721:
1356:
1064:
1034:
1020:
1012:
338:
324:
316:
20:
563:while the Turk's primary fortress was at
739:
952:. Committee of Culture of St Petersburg
669:
542:occurred on 1 December 1853 during the
2928:List of Ottoman battles in World War I
2914:For 20th-century battles before 1914
950:Russian Saint Petersburg Encyclopedia
870:
843:
831:
819:
807:
795:
783:
771:
681:
7:
895:] (in Russian). Moscow: Moskva.
2923:For the battles during World War I
14:
986:Novitsky, V.F., ed. (1911–1915).
263:
254:
245:
236:
227:
217:
208:
197:
188:
177:
168:
157:
138:
126:
37:
893:The history of the Russian Army
594:Maneuvers and troop deployments
640:commanded by Georgian General
43:Cavalry attack at Bashkadyklar
16:1853 battle of the Crimean War
1:
967:"Bashkadiklar's Battle 1853"
887:Егоршина, Петрова (2023).
500:Charge of the Light Brigade
2991:
2970:1854 in the Ottoman Empire
2960:Battles of the Crimean War
971:Great Russian Encyclopedia
2938:Ottoman victories are in
2936:
2910:
355:
293:
274:
150:
119:
92:40.6522222°N 43.5591361°E
52:
36:
28:
888:
2975:19th century in Armenia
965:Mukhanov, V.M. (2016).
204:I. Bagration-Mukhransky
910:Badem, Candan (2010).
269:Mirliva Mustafa Pasha
251:Mirliva Hüseyin Pasha
151:Commanders and leaders
97:40.6522222; 43.5591361
992:Military Encyclopedia
889:История русской армии
540:Battle of Başgedikler
294:Casualties and losses
24:Battle of Başgedikler
973:. Electronic Version
774:, pp. 169-169f.
755:Novitsky (1911–1915)
307:4,500–6,500 wounded
184:Zakhary Chavchavadze
873:, pp. 171–173.
834:, pp. 167–168.
810:, pp. 160–161.
798:, pp. 158–160.
717:Bashkadyklar (2009)
214:Alexander Baggovut
88: /
301:900-1,000 wounded
2965:Conflicts in 1853
2947:
2946:
2906:
2905:
2457:(1789–1908)
2448:
2447:
2238:(1700–1789)
2229:
2228:
1716:(1550–1700)
1707:
1706:
1351:(1453–1550)
1342:
1341:
1059:(1299–1453)
921:978-90-04-18205-9
914:. Leiden: Brill.
902:978-5-699-42397-2
535:
534:
505:The Thin Red Line
314:
313:
115:
114:
46:Bogdan Willewalde
2982:
2841:2nd Kerch Strait
2463:
2458:
2430:1st Kerch Strait
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1722:
1717:
1687:Strait of Hormuz
1549:Peñón of Algiers
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423:Naval Operations
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317:
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267:
259:
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232:
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194:Iliko Orbeliani
193:
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131:
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2902:
2863:6th Dardanelles
2857:5th Dardanelles
2822:
2456:
2455:
2444:
2396:
2237:
2236:
2225:
2181:4th Dardanelles
2175:3rd Dardanelles
2170:2nd Dardanelles
2164:1st Dardanelles
2117:
1929:2nd Zrínyiújvár
1924:1st Zrínyiújvár
1919:Jurjeve Stijene
1715:
1714:
1703:
1606:
1350:
1349:
1338:
1322:
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740:Mukhanov (2016)
738:
723:
715:
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596:
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536:
531:
351:
346:
344:
310:
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262:
261:
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216:
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207:
206:
196:
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187:
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176:
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167:
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156:
137:
125:
111:Russian victory
96:
94:
90:
87:
82:
79:
77:
75:
74:
73:
60:1 December 1853
44:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2823:
2821:
2820:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2791:
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2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2619:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2507:
2502:
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2492:
2487:
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2427:
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2417:
2412:
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2325:
2318:
2311:
2306:
2301:
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2289:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2265:
2258:
2250:
2248:
2241:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2216:
2211:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2160:
2155:
2153:Cape Celidonia
2150:
2145:
2138:
2133:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2038:
2031:
2026:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1950:
1948:Saint Gotthard
1945:
1938:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1897:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1873:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1844:
1839:
1832:
1825:
1822:Alcácer Quibir
1818:
1811:
1804:
1797:
1790:
1783:
1776:
1769:
1762:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1728:
1726:
1719:
1713:Transformation
1709:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1660:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1636:
1629:
1622:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1597:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1552:
1545:
1538:
1531:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1472:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1421:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1363:
1361:
1354:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1317:Constantinople
1313:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1219:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1168:
1163:
1156:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1071:
1069:
1062:
1052:
1051:
1047:Ottoman Empire
1045:involving the
1041:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1016:
1009:
1008:
994:(in Russian).
988:"Bashkadyklar"
983:
962:
942:
930:"Bashkadyklar"
926:
920:
907:
901:
883:
881:
878:
876:
875:
860:
848:
846:, p. 169.
836:
824:
822:, p. 166.
812:
800:
788:
786:, p. 158.
776:
759:
744:
721:
686:
684:, p. 167.
668:
666:
663:
653:
650:
624:
621:
595:
592:
583:Vasili Bebutov
572:Akhurian River
555:
552:
548:Trans-Caucasus
533:
532:
530:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
508:
507:
502:
492:
491:
490:
485:
475:
469:
468:
464:
463:
458:
453:
452:
451:
446:
441:
431:
425:
424:
420:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
388:
387:
383:
382:
377:
372:
367:
361:
360:
356:
353:
352:
345:
343:
342:
335:
328:
320:
312:
311:
303:
296:
295:
291:
290:
284:
277:
276:
272:
271:
224:
223:Gen. Kishinsky
164:Vasili Bebutov
153:
152:
148:
147:
145:Ottoman Empire
135:
133:Russian Empire
122:
121:
117:
116:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
71:Ottoman Empire
68:
66:
62:
61:
58:
50:
49:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2987:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2941:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2827:Naval battles
2825:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2779:Philippopolis
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2454:Modernization
2451:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2401:Naval battles
2399:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2232:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2122:Naval battles
2120:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1710:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:Naval battles
1609:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1348:Classical Age
1345:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:Naval battles
1325:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1032:
1030:
1025:
1023:
1018:
1017:
1014:
997:
993:
989:
984:
972:
968:
963:
951:
947:
943:
931:
927:
923:
917:
913:
908:
904:
898:
894:
885:
884:
879:
872:
867:
865:
861:
857:
852:
849:
845:
840:
837:
833:
828:
825:
821:
816:
813:
809:
804:
801:
797:
792:
789:
785:
780:
777:
773:
768:
766:
764:
760:
756:
751:
749:
745:
741:
736:
734:
732:
730:
728:
726:
722:
718:
713:
711:
709:
707:
705:
703:
701:
699:
697:
695:
693:
691:
687:
683:
678:
676:
674:
670:
664:
662:
658:
651:
649:
645:
643:
637:
633:
629:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
605:
600:
593:
591:
587:
584:
580:
575:
573:
568:
566:
562:
553:
551:
549:
545:
541:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
506:
503:
501:
498:
497:
496:
493:
489:
486:
484:
481:
480:
479:
476:
474:
471:
470:
466:
465:
462:
459:
457:
456:Petropavlovsk
454:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
436:
435:
432:
430:
427:
426:
422:
421:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
389:
385:
384:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
362:
358:
357:
354:
349:
341:
336:
334:
329:
327:
322:
321:
318:
305:1,500 killed
304:
298:
297:
292:
285:
279:
278:
273:
266:
260:Hasan Yazici
257:
248:
239:
230:
225:
220:
211:
205:
200:
191:
185:
180:
174:E.V. Brimmer
171:
165:
160:
155:
154:
149:
146:
141:
136:
134:
129:
124:
123:
118:
110:
107:
106:
101:
83:43°33′32.89″E
80:40°39′08.00″N
72:
69:Başgedikler,
67:
64:
63:
59:
56:
55:
51:
47:
40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2939:
2924:
2915:
2855:
2833:
2815:
2793:
2751:
2744:
2722:
2712:
2650:
2643:
2621:
2609:
2602:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2509:
2482:
2466:Land battles
2407:
2389:
2382:
2320:
2313:
2291:
2284:
2280:2nd Belgrade
2275:Petrovaradin
2267:
2260:
2253:
2247:Land battles
2218:
2206:
2179:
2162:
2140:
2128:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2066:Egri Palanka
2064:
2057:
2040:
2033:
2021:
1999:
1952:
1940:
1933:
1911:
1904:
1892:
1875:
1868:
1846:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1725:Land battles
1696:
1692:Gulf of Oman
1679:
1662:
1650:
1643:
1631:
1624:
1617:
1599:
1587:
1580:
1573:
1566:
1559:
1547:
1540:
1533:
1526:
1519:
1512:
1505:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1467:
1435:
1428:
1416:
1382:1st Belgrade
1360:Land battles
1315:
1303:
1281:
1264:
1255:Hermannstadt
1247:
1240:
1235:Thessalonica
1233:
1226:
1214:
1187:
1170:
1160:Philadelphia
1158:
1151:
1144:
1139:Sırp Sındığı
1137:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1076:Kulaca Hisar
1074:
1068:Land battles
1000:. Retrieved
995:
991:
975:. Retrieved
970:
954:. Retrieved
949:
934:. Retrieved
911:
892:
871:Badem (2010)
851:
844:Badem (2010)
839:
832:Badem (2010)
827:
820:Badem (2010)
815:
808:Badem (2010)
803:
796:Badem (2010)
791:
784:Badem (2010)
779:
772:Badem (2010)
682:Badem (2010)
659:
655:
646:
642:Chavchavadze
638:
634:
630:
626:
617:
613:
609:
601:
597:
588:
576:
569:
561:Alexandropol
557:
539:
537:
396:
233:Ahmed Pasha
120:Belligerents
29:Part of The
18:
2759:Shipka Pass
2713:Başgedikler
2708:Akhaltsikhe
2673:Akhaltsikhe
2517:Mount Tabor
2500:Shubra Khit
2435:2nd Ochakov
2378:2nd Ochakov
2338:Stavunchany
2333:1st Ochakov
1877:Nagykanizsa
1555:Leobersdorf
604:Akhaltsikhe
544:Crimean War
488:Great Redan
449:Suomenlinna
397:Başgedikler
392:Akhaltsikhe
348:Crimean War
299:300 killed
242:Veli Pasha
95: /
31:Crimean War
2954:Categories
2753:Kızıl Tepe
2629:Dervenakia
2527:Heliopolis
2391:Karánsebes
2315:Banja Luka
2235:Old Regime
2220:Samothrace
2148:Cape Corvo
2042:Negroponte
2029:2nd Mohács
2023:Vrtijeljka
1990:2nd Vienna
1975:2nd Khotyn
1960:Krasnobród
1900:1st Khotyn
1888:Tashiskari
1854:Călugăreni
1801:Gvozdansko
1773:Mostaganem
1652:Formentera
1645:1st Jeddah
1542:1st Mohács
1507:Mercidabık
1443:Breadfield
1430:Valea Albă
1392:Târgoviște
1377:2nd Oranik
1305:2nd Kosovo
1299:1st Oranik
1200:Karanovasa
1166:Dubravnica
1132:Adrianople
998:. ID Sytin
880:References
579:Abdi Pasha
554:Background
478:Sevastopol
2811:Velestino
2806:Al Wajbah
2730:Eupatoria
2718:Kurekdere
2678:Kulevicha
2634:Karpenisi
2604:Drăgășani
2368:Kozludzha
2304:Yeghevārd
2208:Oinousses
2072:Slankamen
1985:Trembowla
1935:Novi Zrin
1870:Keresztes
1864:2nd Brest
1829:1st Brest
1601:Sokhoista
1589:Esztergom
1514:Han Yunus
1458:Cătlăbuga
1418:Otlukbeli
1397:2nd Mokra
1334:Gallipoli
1289:1st Mokra
1249:Novo Brdo
1216:Nicopolis
1195:Kırkdilim
1118:Gallipoli
1104:Pelekanon
665:Citations
652:Aftermath
517:Eupatoria
495:Balaclava
444:Bomarsund
439:Halkokari
434:Åland War
412:Kurekdere
380:Silistria
2893:Navarino
2888:Gerontas
2851:Kaliakra
2784:Taşkesen
2774:4th Kars
2740:3rd Kars
2735:Chernaya
2724:Oltenița
2688:2nd Acre
2663:2nd Kars
2652:Phaleron
2645:Kamatero
2639:Arachova
2617:Vasilika
2588:Valtetsi
2552:Al-Safra
2547:Slobozia
2537:Arpachai
2511:1st Acre
2505:Pyramids
2440:Fidonisi
2353:Aspindza
2348:Khresili
2343:1st Kars
2202:Mytilene
2158:Focchies
2088:Moulouya
2082:Ustechko
2048:Batočina
1965:Niemirów
1913:Köbölkút
1740:Temesvár
1670:Girolata
1633:Balearic
1521:Ridanieh
1501:Koçhisar
1488:Turnadag
1481:Çaldıran
1387:Albulena
1372:Krusevac
1367:Leskovac
1277:Torvioll
1272:Kunovica
1266:Zlatitsa
1111:Demotika
956:20 March
936:19 March
527:Chernaya
522:Taganrog
512:Inkerman
483:Malakoff
386:Caucasus
365:Oltenița
309:24 guns
288:32 guns
282:32 guns
275:Strength
65:Location
2940:italics
2878:Nauplia
2873:Algiers
2817:Domokos
2801:Mouzaki
2789:Novšiće
2769:Aladzha
2746:Al-Hasa
2683:Algiers
2611:Sculeni
2593:Doliana
2583:Erzurum
2572:Alamana
2484:Giurgiu
2473:Focșani
2415:Matapan
2384:Mehadia
2373:Kinburn
2328:Perekop
2293:Samarra
2286:Kurijan
2197:Algiers
2192:Algiers
2187:Algiers
2136:Lepanto
2059:Zernest
2053:2nd Niš
2012:Eperjes
1995:Párkány
1970:Komarno
1954:Ładyżyn
1883:Sufiyan
1859:Giurgiu
1815:Torches
1787:Szigeth
1766:Tlemcen
1733:Tlemcen
1675:Alborán
1664:Preveza
1619:Zonchio
1595:Karagak
1575:Algiers
1568:Baghdad
1561:Gorjani
1535:Tlemcen
1495:Algiers
1437:Shkodra
1294:Otonetë
1260:1st Niš
1242:Golubac
1228:Çamurlu
1178:Pločnik
1153:Maritsa
1146:Samokov
1125:Ihtiman
1083:Bapheus
1043:Battles
1002:9 March
977:9 March
461:Kinburn
407:Choloki
402:Nigoiti
375:Calafat
359:Balkans
286:25,300
280:10,000
2846:Tendra
2835:Andros
2795:Ulcinj
2764:Plevna
2578:Gravia
2558:Jeddah
2522:Abukir
2490:Izmail
2478:Rymnik
2425:Patras
2409:Imbros
2322:Grocka
2299:Kirkuk
2255:Chelif
2214:Andros
2130:Cyprus
2035:Crimea
1906:Candia
1894:Cecora
1808:Çıldır
1747:Palast
1698:Djerba
1475:Dubica
1469:Krbava
1463:Vrpile
1424:Vaslui
1407:Vaikal
1222:Ankara
1205:Rovine
1189:Kosovo
1183:Bileća
1097:Nicaea
1090:Dimbos
1049:by era
918:
899:
623:Battle
467:Crimea
370:Cetate
108:Result
2898:Sinop
2883:Samos
2868:Athos
2703:Nezib
2698:Konya
2668:Varna
2658:Petra
2598:Lalas
2565:Čegar
2542:Batin
2532:Derna
2495:Măcin
2420:Çeşme
2363:Kagul
2358:Larga
2309:Ganja
2269:Pruth
2142:Tunis
2113:Zenta
2095:Lugos
2077:Hodów
2017:Kassa
1942:Jijel
1848:Banat
1842:Sisak
1836:Bihać
1780:Krupa
1760:Tadla
1681:Ponza
1658:Tunis
1626:Modon
1528:Jajce
1453:Adana
1412:Meçad
1402:Ohrid
1311:Polog
1283:Varna
1210:Ohrid
1172:Savra
891:[
429:Sinop
2693:Hims
2623:Peta
2262:Oran
2108:Azov
2102:Ulaş
2001:Buda
1980:Lwów
1582:Pest
1056:Rise
1004:2021
979:2021
958:2021
938:2021
916:ISBN
897:ISBN
565:Kars
538:The
473:Alma
417:Kars
57:Date
2925:see
2916:see
2007:Vác
1794:Fez
1754:Fez
1639:Diu
1448:Una
567:.
2956::
990:.
969:.
948:.
863:^
762:^
747:^
724:^
689:^
672:^
550:.
2942:.
1035:e
1028:t
1021:v
1006:.
996:4
981:.
960:.
940:.
924:.
905:.
858:.
757:.
742:.
719:.
339:e
332:t
325:v
48:.
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