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744:(USAAF), the 34th RCT sustained heavy casualties, its offensive bogged down, barring any further progress. Gen. Jones then directed the 152nd to resume the attack on the Japanese to the north of Route 7, while on 6 February, the 151st Regiment rejoined the battle to relieve the disengaging 34th RCT. But further confusion and frustration on the pass reigned and on day's end, Maj. Gen. Hall relieved Maj. Gen. Jones of command and replaced him with Brigadier General
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yards off the highway and not be able to see the road. The
Japanese had honey-combed every hill and knoll at the Zig-Zag with foxholes linked by tunnels or trenches; at particularly advantageous Points they had constructed strong points centered on log or dirt pillboxes. All the defenses were well camouflaged, for rich, jungle foliage covered most positions, indicating that many had been prepared with great care and had been constructed well.
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to try to find the main line of resistance, along with a determined defense by the
Japanese, all contributed to difficulty in correctly identifying all units of the 152nd at times with respect to their exact locations. The northwest to southeast line of Japanese defenses, definitively unknown at the
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eastward through the pass. Gradually, the
Japanese were pushed back and eventually overrun on 8 February. Three days later, on 11 February, the 151st was withdrawn for another mission; while the 152nd continued the offensive, and by 14 February 1945, the 149th and 152nd Regiments finally linked up.
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Meanwhile, the East Force moved on 12 February from
Dinalupihan south toward Pilar. It was soon augmented by elements of the 149th Infantry Regiment. At Pilar the force split, part continuing south past the town, and part turning west astride Route 111. On 18 February the two forces linked up near
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On the day Brig. Gen. Chase assumed command, the 149th
Infantry Regiment completed its eastward march north of Route 7 and linked up with XIV Corps. It then turned westward astride Route 7 to link up with the rest of the 38th Division. In tandem, the 151st and 152nd Regiments began making progress
817:
Except for the 38th
Division's brutal struggle at 'Zig-Zag Pass', the swift and easy recapture of the province of Zambales and the Bataan peninsula enabled the Americans full use of Manila Bay and its world-class deepwater port. This development subsequently allowed the easy resupply of US forces
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The
Japanese lost heavily on the defense of 'Zig-Zag Pass', with more than 2,400 killed and 75 wounded. Col. Nagayoshi escaped with about 300 men and joined other defenders farther south of the peninsula, holding out until mid-February. The 38th Infantry Division lost 270 men and had 420 wounded,
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few pieces of ground combined to the same degree to roughness and dense jungle. The main road, Route 7 twists violently through the pass, following a line of least terrain resistance that wild pigs must originally have established. The jungle flora in the region is so thick that one can step five
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Nagayoshi had decided to make a stand in the rugged
Zambales mountains at the northern base of the Bataan peninsula, which the Americans named 'Zig-Zag Pass'. Abundance in supplies and ammunition had him prepared for a long battle, but his main defensive lines were stretched thin, at 2,000 yards,
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On 31 January 1945, driving west of
Olongapo, the 38th Division advanced east on the intricate maze of enemy fortifications in 'Zig-Zag Pass', at the same time seeking out both Japanese flanks. But on the morning of 1 February, after about three miles (5 km) of steady progress, the 152nd
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By 15 February, two 38th
Division task forces under XI Corps were employed for the southern Bataan amphibious landings. One, the South Force commanded personally by Brig. Gen. Chase, consisted of the 151st Infantry Regiment reinforced by a battalion of the 34th RCT, the 139th Field Artillery
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After mopping up operations against scattered small pockets of resistance, 'Zig-Zag Pass' was securely in the hands of the 38th Division. As a testament to the ferocity of the struggle, XI Corps killed about 2,400 of the 2,800-man Japanese force while taking only 25 prisoners.
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While the capture of Manila was significant for both military and psychological reasons, the seizure of Manila Bay was crucial from a logistical point of view. Its harbor was in American hands but would remain unused until the Bataan peninsula and the island of
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Bagac. A final major engagement occurred during the night of 15 February, and mopping up operations continued throughout the peninsula for about another week. Finally, on 21 February, after three years, Bataan was again secure in American and Filipino hands.
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type steel helmets were found that had been there for three years, along with the whitened remains of American soldiers that the Japanese had not buried. From Mariveles the force split, part moving up the west coast toward
634:, the commander of Japanese forces in the Philippines, had decided that defending Manila Bay was well beyond the capabilities of his forces, thus only some 4,000 Japanese troops of Maj. Gen. Rikichi Tsukada's
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The 34th RCT was then ordered to resume the unsuccessful eastward offensive of the 152nd on 'Zig-Zag Pass'. However, after six days of severe fighting, despite heavy supporting artillery barrages and
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after an amphibious landing. Elsewhere, surprise was complete, there was only one US casualty, an enlisted man, who was gored by an angry bull. By the end of January, Zambales province was liberated.
638:, which had been dispersed to now captured Mindoro, Corregidor and Southern Luzon were left to oppose the Americans. The principal unit was the Nagayoshi Detachment under Col. Nagayoshi Sanonebu.
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coast some twenty-five miles (40 km) northwest of Bataan, drive rapidly east across the base of the peninsula, and then sweep south, clearing Bataan, including its eastern coast.
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Regiment ran into Japanese strongpoints at 'Horseshoe Bend', the first known major 'Zig-Zag Pass' obstacles. In two days of heavy fighting, resulting in high casualties for the
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that were offshore nearly five miles (8 km), then provided covering fire from their .50 Cal and .30 Cal machine guns as they landed at Mariveles. Bullet-pierced American
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On 11 February, the South Force sailed south off the west coast north of Bataan, spent the night of 14 February at sea, and went ashore at 10:00 on 15 February at
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was given the mission to pass through positions held by the 34th and drive eastward along an irregular and unimproved Route 7 about twenty miles (30 km) to
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time, also contributed to the confusion. With his offensive effectively stalled, Maj. Gen. Jones relieved the 152nd's regimental commander.
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But American intelligence had badly overestimated the enemy strength on Bataan, thinking that the Japanese had a full
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secured the entrance to Subic Bay from the south and was ordered into XI Corps reserve. Meanwhile, the
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area of the southern province of Zambales, Luzon, without opposition. They promptly dashed to the
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from the 727th Amphibian Tractor Battalion carried the 151st Infantry Regiment ashore from the
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Battalion, and other attached elements. The other, the East Force, consisted of the reinforced
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was ordered to move eastward, north of and parallel to the 152nd, link up with
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airstrip but found out that Filipino guerrillas under the command of Captain
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while the 34th Regiment suffered 68 dead and 268 wounded.
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Military History of the Philippines during World War II
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had strained the capability of their supply lines at
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On 29 January 1945, the 38th Division landed in the
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Battles of World War II involving the United States
592:'s Sixth Army, the task to seize Bataan, and later
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530:, part of the campaign for the liberation of the
16:Filipino-American recapture of Bataan from Japan
565:The rapid advance of US forces heading towards
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885:United States Army Center of Military History
882:: World War II Commemorative Brochures, Luzon
557:to invading Japanese forces on 9 April 1942.
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608:commanded by Maj. Gen. Henry L.C. Jones and
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910:South West Pacific theatre of World War II
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707:which left his position vulnerable to
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221:35,000 US troops, Filipino guerillas
540:battle for the liberation of Manila
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506:Battle for the Recapture of Bataan
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55:31 January – 21 February 1945
945:February 1945 events in Asia
940:January 1945 events in Asia
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660:Republic of the Philippines
549:peninsula's recapture also
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146:Second Philippine Republic
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848:Military history of Japan
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617:24th Infantry Division
606:38th Infantry Division
514:Labanan para sa Bataan
493:Action of 24 July 1945
154:Commanders and leaders
771:6th Infantry Division
767:1st Infantry Regiment
551:avenged the surrender
229:Casualties and losses
224:2,800 Japanese troops
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483:South China Sea raid
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709:flanking maneuvers
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648:San Narciso
636:Kembu Group
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236:688 wounded
899:Categories
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579:Corregidor
561:Background
536:Manila Bay
524:guerrillas
467:Leyte Gulf
377:Corregidor
357:Cabanatuan
241:75 wounded
234:338 killed
809:Aftermath
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668:Subic Bay
526:from the
473:Ormoc Bay
393:Los Baños
323:Cebu City
822:See also
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628:division
621:Zambales
584:General
528:Japanese
521:Filipino
510:Filipino
456:incident
422:Bukidnon
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216:Strength
60:Location
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398:Palawan
339:Mindoro
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738:napalm
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518:Allied
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