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The campaign at Cao Bằng resulted in a change in convoy practices for the remainder of the war. Vehicles thereafter travelled from post to post in 10-12 vehicle convoys, through security screens of French troops and with aircraft observation. Through 1950, supply convoys to Cao Bằng were discontinued
510:
in a reinforced convoy which travelled a distance of 16 miles (26 km) through infantry screens. The French, reduced to one soldier per vehicle due to troop numbers, were ambushed by automatic fire. The first twenty trucks were halted, as were the final ten, and the middle of the convoy was cut
498:
in
February 1948. On July 25, 1948, the Cao Bằng encampment was itself attacked and held out for three days with two companies defending against two battalions of Việt Minh. A further 28 ambushes took place in 1948.
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2006 Page 166 ".. se laissaient facilement piéger et essuyaient revers sur revers, en particulier celui de Cao Bằng en septembre 1950 qui eut un effet retentissant en France."
494:, known as Route Colonial 4, or RC4. Repeated ambushes led to repeated French operations of increasing strength to reopen the road, including a costly mission by the
177:
478:, which began in October 1947 and culminated on September 3, 1949. Since the start of the conflict, Việt Minh troops had ambushed French convoys along the
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down by shellfire. The following day, French troops reoccupied the surrounded mountaintops, however only four French wounded were found alive.
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506:, and resumed ambushes through the monsoon season. On September 3, 1949, 100 vehicles left
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In
February 1949, five Việt Minh battalions and mortar units took a French post at
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483:
627:
The Last Valley. Dien Bien Phu and the French Defeat in
Vietnam
166:
51:
A model of a typical Việt Minh ambush, using information from
601:(Second ed.). New York: Frederick A. Praeger, Inc.
561:
Hell in a Very Small Place. The Siege of Dien Bien Phu
599:
The Two
Vietnams. A Political and Military Analysis
580:
Street
Without Joy. The French Debacle in Indochina
696:Battles and operations of the First Indochina War
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530:
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31:
178:
8:
490:on a 147-mile route to a French garrison at
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28:
610:. New York: Carroll and Graf Publishers.
582:. New York: Stackpole Military History.
524:
71:October 1947 – September 4, 1949
7:
462:was an ongoing campaign in northern
629:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
472:French Far East Expeditionary Corps
14:
701:Vietnamese independence movement
149:
135:
123:
107:
45:
1:
721:History of Cao Bằng province
726:History of Lào Cai province
608:The Battle of Dien Bien Phu
742:
15:
686:Battles involving Vietnam
597:Fall, Bernard B. (1967).
578:Fall, Bernard B. (1961).
563:. London: Da Capo Press.
559:Fall, Bernard B. (1966).
515:in favour of air supply.
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99:
63:
44:
36:
22:Battle of Cao Bằng (1979)
716:1949 in French Indochina
711:1948 in French Indochina
706:1947 in French Indochina
691:Battles involving France
625:Windrow, Martin (2004).
16:For the battle in the
536:Windrow, pp. 103–107.
606:Roy, Jules (1963).
468:First Indochina War
344:Upper Laos campaign
196:First Indochina War
39:First Indochina War
18:Sino-Vietnamese War
460:Battle of Cao Bằng
57:Street Without Joy
32:Battle of Cao Bằng
666:Conflicts in 1949
661:Conflicts in 1948
656:Conflicts in 1947
636:978-0-304-36692-7
617:978-0-7867-0958-8
589:978-0-8117-3236-9
570:978-0-306-81157-9
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91:Việt Minh victory
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486:border from the
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142:State of Vietnam
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81:French Indochina
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681:1949 in Vietnam
676:1948 in Vietnam
671:1947 in Vietnam
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445:Chu Dreh Pass
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418:Điện Biên Phủ
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306:2nd Nghĩa Lộ
296:1st Nghĩa Lộ
257:
250:
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214:
115:French Union
113:
105:
100:Belligerents
56:
53:Bernard Fall
37:Part of the
466:during the
349:Muong Khoua
650:Categories
519:References
357:Hirondelle
476:Việt Minh
464:Indochina
291:Đáy River
275:1951-1952
227:1946-1950
215:Masterdom
156:Việt Minh
508:That Khe
492:Cao Bằng
474:and the
364:Camargue
324:Bretagne
312:Lorraine
301:Hòa Bình
281:Vĩnh Yên
264:Đông Khê
258:Ceinture
244:Papillon
238:Cao Bằng
221:Haiphong
76:Location
504:Lào Cai
482:–
480:Vietnam
425:Vulture
412:Đắk Đoa
406:Atlante
378:Mouette
371:Brochet
338:Adolphe
286:Mạo Khê
208:Prelude
633:
614:
586:
567:
432:Condor
392:Pollux
385:Castor
318:Nà Sản
130:France
88:Result
59:, 1961
20:, see
484:China
233:Hanoi
631:ISBN
612:ISBN
584:ISBN
565:ISBN
458:The
399:1954
331:1953
68:Date
269:RC4
251:Léa
55:’s
652::
527:^
639:.
620:.
592:.
573:.
186:e
179:t
172:v
24:.
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